Ibhethri lamandla elithi "Recycling Hot" Global Transmission

著者：Iflowpower – Dodavatel přenosných elektráren

Njengoba inani lezimoto zikagesi liqhubeka landa, inani lamabhethri likhula njalo, futhi abantu baye baqala ukukhathazeka ngokuthi amabhethri e-lithium-ion asetshenziswa kanjani eminyakeni engu-10 kuya kwengu-15. Kungani ukugaywa kabusha kuzodala ukuthi abantu banakekele? Eyokuqala izindleko: Ngenxa yokuthi ibhethri yemoto kagesi iyinkimbinkimbi, yenziwe ngezinsimbi ezingavamile njenge-cobalt ne-manganese, futhi ingenye yezingxenye ezibiza kakhulu ezimotweni ezinjalo. Njengoba izimoto zikagesi zivame ukwanda, thola izinsimbi ezinjalo kumabhethri angcolile, ashibhile kakhulu kunasemhlabeni.

Okubaluleke nakakhulu, inganciphisa imilobo ye-carbon footprints, hhayi kuphela ukunciphisa izinyathelo zekhabhoni ezenzeka lapho ushayela, kodwa futhi ilawule ngokuqinile ukugaywa kabusha kwebhethri ngesikhathi sezinto zokusetshenziswa zebhethri ukuze ilahle impilo yonke. INingizimu Korea isungule inkampani yokuqala eguquguqukayo yokugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion ibike ukuthi i-EarthTech ingahlakaza izimoto zikagesi ezingu-5,000 minyaka yonke ukuze iphathe amathani angu-2000 amabhethri ezimoto zikagesi ezilahlwayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-EarthTech iphinde yathi izotshala imali eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-24 (cishe amaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-20) ukwakha inkampani, kanye nesikhungo sokuqala.

Kulesi sitshalo, ibhethri elihlakaziwe lizoqala lamukele ukuhlolwa kokusebenza, bese lilungiselela amasistimu okugcina amandla angashintshi ngokuya ngezimo zawo namandla asele. Uma ukuhlolwa kubonisa ukuthi ibhethri aliphinde lisetshenziswe, izinto zokusetshenziswa njenge-lithium, nickel, cobalt nezinye izinsimbi ezibalulekile ebhethrini ebhethrini nazo zigaywa kabusha. I-Earthtech ayikanqumi izinga lokutholwa kwento ngayinye egaywa kabusha ebhethrini.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkampani iphinde yenza ucwaningo kanye namaphrojekthi ebhizinisi amabhethri emoto kagesi ahlukahlukene. Ibhizinisi lokugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri ezimotweni zikagesi livinjelwa izimo zemvelo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunzima ukuthola ubuchwepheshe kanye nobuchwepheshe bokugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri alahlwayo.

I-EarthTech izogcina zonke izimoto zikagesi ezilahliwe ekamelweni futhi ikhiphe ibhethri ngezindlela zokuvikela imvelo. Umphakathi wethule izixazululo ezimbili kuVolkswagen ehlelelwe ukukhiqiza izimoto zikagesi eziyisigidi ngo-2025, futhi sebeqalile ukufunda ukuthi angasetshenziswa kanjani kabusha amabhethri ezimotweni zikagesi ezinjalo. Ukuze kuxazululwe lezi zinselelo, umphakathi usebenzisa izindlela ezimbili zokugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri, eyokuqala ukwethulwa kwezinqwaba zokushaja eziphathwayo, enye eyokusebenzisa kabusha okonga ugesi.

Amabhethri e-lithium ion amadala asetshenziselwe izimoto zikagesi iminyaka eyi-10 noma ngaphezulu, angase angakufanelekeli ukuhlinzekwa ngezimoto, kodwa asenamandla amakhulu. (Iphakethe lebhethri lemodeli ye-Volkswagen E-Golf lika-2019 lingagcina amandla, nomndeni wase-US ngosuku, amandla asebenzisekayo amade nakakhulu. ) Izimoto zikagesi kufanele zishajwe ezindaweni eziningi, futhi le ndawo akumele ishaje izinqwaba, noma ngaphandle kwesiteshi sokushaja.

Okokuqala, umcebo wokushaja omakhalekhukhwini Le mibuzo emibili ingaxazululwa kuphela ngesixazululo esisodwa. I-Volkswagen Group ihlela ukukhiqiza inqwaba yokushaja okusheshayo, inqwaba enjalo yokushaja ingagcina amandla angu-360 ​​kWh, izimoto ezifika kwezi-4 ezishaja ngesikhathi, amandla aphezulu okukhipha amandla asheshayo ngu-100 kW. Njengakwishaja yeselula ephathekayo, inqwaba yokushaja yeqoqo lenqwaba ingasetshenziswa kuze kuphele amandla, noma ukuxhuma amandla eshajini.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqwaba yokushaja incane, futhi kunzima ukuhambisa indawo yokushaja emkhosini womculo. Iphakethe lebhethri elisetshenziswa inqwaba yokushaja liyafana nemoto kagesi ekhiqizwe iplathifomu enkulu ye-MEB. Ngale ndlela, lapho impilo yephakethe lebhethri lemoto kagesi ifinyelela umkhawulo, iyasiza futhi njengebhethri lenqwaba yokushaja.

Inqwaba yokuqala eshaja ngokushesha yeVolkswagen Group kulindeleke ukuthi ifakwe eJalimane ngonyaka ozayo, kanti iVolkswagen Group kulindeleke ukuthi ikhiqize ngokugcwele inqwaba yokushaja ngo-2020. Okwesibili, ukugaywa kabusha kwezinto zebhethri Uma wonke amabhethri elahlekelwe amandla okugcina, imboni yengxenye ye-Salzgitter izosetshenziswa. Imboni kulindeleke ukuthi ibe isikhungo sokuqala sokuthola amabhethri emoto kagesi.

Ngonyaka ozayo, ukuphela kwe-Salzkit Factory kuzofinyelela amathani angu-1200, cishe izimoto zikagesi ezingu-3,000. I-Volkswagen izosebenzisa umshini okhethekile webhethri ephukile, ingxenye eyodwa yebhethri izogaywa, futhi i-electrolyte ewuketshezi izokhishwa, futhi izingxenye ezinjalo zebhethri zizohlukaniswa zibe "impushana emnyama", kuhlanganise ne-cobalt ebalulekile, i-lithium, i-manganese ne-nickel. Izinto zokusetshenziswa ezinjalo, kanye nemfuyo enjalo ihlukaniswa ngokwengeziwe ngokomzimba, bese iphinda isetshenziswe kumabhethri amasha.

Umgomo wesikhathi eside womphakathi ukuthi kuthenjwa ukuthi cishe u-97% wezinto ezisetshenziswayo zokusetshenziswa kwebhethri ye-scrap electric vehicle (EV) yebhethri eliphakathi nendawo. Manje, izinga lokubuyisela le-Material eluhlaza ngu-53%. I-Salzkit Factory kulindeleke ukuthi yenze izinga lokuthola kabusha kwebhethri elikhulu lifinyelele ku-72%.

AbakwaVolkswagen balindele ukuba nezitshalo eziningi zokugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri ezifana neSalzkit Factory eminyakeni embalwa ezayo. Uma ucabangela umthamo wokuthengisa we-Volkswagen Electric Motor Plan, umphakathi uzothatha ukubuyiswa kwebhethri enkampanini engaphakathi kwenkampani, nakuba okwamanje okungenani iminyaka eyi-10 yokucubungula ibhethri ekwelapheni kwangaphakathi kwenkampani ukubuyiswa kwebhethri. Ngokwemibiko yabezindaba yakwamanye amazwe, i-Earthtech izoba yinkampani eSouth Korea ezongena ebhizinisini lokugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri ezimoto zikagesi.

Inkampani yakhe isikhungo sobuchwepheshe sokuqaqa izimoto zikagesi kanye nokugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri alahlwayo. I-Tesla kulindeleke ukuthi isindise inani elikhulu lezimali zebhethri ekuthuthukisweni kwenani elikhulu lezinto zebhethri. Ngaphezu komphakathi, njengemoto kagesi evulekile, i-Tesla iphinde ithuthukise "isistimu yokuvuselela ibhethri eyingqayizivele", inkampani ikholelwa ukuthi umbono wesikhathi eside, uhlelo lungonga "izimali ezinkulu".

Ngo-Ephreli 15th, uTesla umemezele "IMPACTREPORT" entsha, umbiko ubonisa ukuthi ithimba leTesla linezimoto zikagesi ezingaphezu kuka-500,000 ukusiza ukuvimbela amathani ayizigidi ezingu-4 e-carbon dioxide akhishwa. Umkhathi. Kulo mbiko, uTesla uphinde wachaza ngomqondo wokugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri: "Ngiye ngizwe othile ebuza," Ubhekana kanjani nephakethe lebhethri likaTesla? ".

Uphethiloli wezinsalela kanye namabhethri e-lithium ion angamandla, kodwa umehluko phakathi kwawo ungakhishwa futhi usetshenziswe ngesikhathi esisodwa, kuyilapho izinto ezisebhethrini ye-lithium ion zingatholwa futhi ziphinde zisetshenziswe. Lapho uwoyela uhlola usuka phansi, ngemva kokucwengwa nokushiswa kwamakhemikhali, uzokhipha amagesi ayingozi emkhathini, futhi lawo magesi awakwazi ukuphinde asetshenziswe. Ngokuphambene, okokusebenza kwebhethri kuyacwengwa, bese kuyifaka ebhethrini, isengagcinwa ngemva kokuba impilo yebhethri ekugcineni igodliwe, nezinto ezibalulekile zingatholwa.

". Mayelana nokugaywa kabusha kwebhethri, iningi labakhiqizi bezimoto njengamanje bagxile kuhlelo lokusebenza ngemuva kokuthi impilo yebhethri isiphelile, futhi uTesla uhlukile kubo. Abakhiqizi bemishini efana nesimanje, iBMW kanye neRenault bamemezele ukuthi bazosebenzisa ama-battery pack amadala ohlelweni lokugcina amandla, kunokuba bagaywe kabusha ama-battery pack ukuze bakhiqize ama-battery amaphakethe amasha, abanye babo abesebenzisa ama-battery amadala asetshenziswe kabusha ukuze asetshenziswe ohlelweni lokugcina amandla.

U-Tesra uthe ngenxa yesikhathi sokuphila kwephakethe lebhethri, okwamanje akusebenzi kabusha inombolo enkulu yamaphakethe ebhethri, kodwa uTesla ubuyisela amaphakethe ebhethri amaningana "R <000000> D, ukukhiqiza, ukulawula ikhwalithi nokusebenza kwesevisi". Le nkampani ithe isebenza ngamabhethri avela eceleni emhlabeni wonke ukuphatha wonke amabhethri asetshenzisiwe, ukuthola izinsimbi ezibalulekile. Sebenza nozakwethu bokugaywa kabusha ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi okokusebenza akunalo inani noma okungabuyiseleki ebhethrini.

Kodwa ngokusobala lokhu kuyisixazululo sesikhashana, ngoba uTesla uthe kuseseNo. I-1 Super Factory (GigaFactory1), Nevada (GigaFactory1). U-Tesla uthe embikweni: "UTesla wakha uhlelo oluyingqayizivele lokubuyisela ibhethri e-Super Factory No.

1, ekwazi ukuphatha udoti wokukhiqiza ibhethri, futhi ingakwazi ukuphatha amabhethri alahliwe. Ngohlelo, izinga lokutholwa kwazo zonke izinsimbi ezifana nethusi, i-aluminium nensimbi, njll., njenge-lithium, ne-cobalt, njll.

izofinyelela phezulu. Zonke izinto ezingenhla zizobuyiswa ngendlela efaneleke kakhulu yezinto ezintsha zokukhiqiza ibhethri. Njengamanje, izinkampani ezimbalwa zifunda ukuthi zingawabuyisa kanjani amaminerali abalulekile ebhethrini ngesikhathi sokubuyiselwa.

Muva nje, i-AmericanMangnese izuze amanani aphezulu okuthola kabusha embonini yokuhlola kabusha yokuhlola.