Kev tsom xam zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv ntaiv thiab cov peev txheej rov qab los ntawm lithium roj teeb

Автор: Iflowpower – Портативті электр станциясының жеткізушісі

Kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig: Cov khoom siv electrode zoo ntawm lithium-ion roj teeb muaj cov hlau hnyav xws li npib tsib xee, cobalt, manganese, lithium, uas ua rau muaj kuab paug rau ib puag ncig, dej, thiab lwm yam; cov khoom siv carbonaceous, graphite, thiab lwm yam. nyob rau hauv cov khoom tsis zoo, thiab graphite los yog cov zoo li tuaj yeem ua rau plua plav paug; Tsis tas li ntawd, cov electrolyte ntawm lithium-ion roj teeb muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov kab mob fluorofluid. Kev txuag nyiaj txiag: Cov roj teeb lithium-ion muaj ntau cov hlau, npib tsib xee, graphite, thiab lwm yam.

Tshaj tawm hauv Tibet, Qinghai, Sichuan, thiab lwm yam. Qhov zoo: Kev siv tus ntaiv thiab cov peev txheej rov qab los ntawm lithium-ion roj teeb tseem tuaj yeem ua lag luam, vim tias nyob rau xyoo tas los no, kev lag luam tsheb tau hloov mus rau hluav taws xob, thiab kev thov rau cov roj teeb lithium-ion tau nce, uas ua rau cov khoom siv hlau zoo heev. , Hlau cobalt nqi yog 600,000/ton, npib tsib xee 100,000/ton, carbonate 1.

70,000/ton, hlau lithium 900,000/ton. Kev ua lag luam style 1. Txoj cai txhawb nqa tau hais thawj zaug hauv xyoo 2012, "Kev Txuag Hluav Taws Xob thiab Kev Txhim Kho Lub Zog Tshiab Tsheb Kev Lag Luam" tau tshaj tawm hauv Xeev Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas, "Mechanic Lithium Battery Recycling Management Measures .

"; 2014 Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Lub Xeev tau tshaj tawm "Kev taw qhia txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho lub zog tshiab tsheb txhawb nqa thiab siv" kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho cov cai rov ua dua tshiab rau cov roj teeb lithium dynamic; 2015 Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Science thiab Technology, Ministry of Industry thiab Information Technology, Kev Txhim Kho thiab Kev Hloov Kho Lub Tuam Txhab hauv "2016-2020 tshiab lub zog tsheb lithium roj teeb tau hais txog daim ntawv thov nyiaj txiag txhawb nqa tsheb lees paub cov roj teeb pov tseg rov siv dua"; Xyoo 2016, National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Industry thiab Information Technology, Ministry of Environment, Ministry of Commerce, tau tshaj tawm cov txheej txheem ntawm txoj cai, txog tam sim no, muaj ntau tshaj 20 txoj cai uas tau rov qab los rau cov roj teeb lithium-ion. Nyob rau lub Peb Hlis 2018, xya lub tuam tsev haujlwm tau sib koom ua ke tshaj tawm qhov tseeb "Daim Ntawv Ceeb Toom Txog Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob Tshiab Lub Tsheb Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Rov Qab". Sir, koj tuaj yeem sau cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no plaub: lub teb chaws ministries thiab commissions tawm tswv yim thawj kauj ruam los ntawm kev siv, thiab tom qab ntawd ua cov peev txheej rov qab los; siv lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus tsim khoom, "Leej twg yog tus tsim, leej twg yog lub luag haujlwm"; tsim kom muaj kev rov ua dua tshiab ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob lithium roj teeb Siv lub kaw lus los ua qee qhov kev sim ua haujlwm, tsim kom rov qab tau lub network thiab kev saib xyuas cov ntaub ntawv; cov qauv kev lag luam tau txhim kho tas li, thiab lub teb chaws tsim nyog rau lub tuam txhab tau maj mam meej.

2, tag nrho kev lag luam loj ntawm lithium-ion roj teeb tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb pawg loj: cov neeg siv khoom siv roj teeb: nrog roj teeb ntawm cov neeg siv khoom siv hluav taws xob xws li xov tooj ntawm tes, ipad, laptops, feem ntau yog raws li cov roj teeb lithium-cobalt ion; fais fab lithium roj teeb: siv Lub roj teeb ntawm lub tsheb tshiab lub zog yog qhov tseem ceeb rau peb-yuan roj teeb. Lub tsheb lag luam tseem ceeb yog lithium phosphate ion roj teeb; lub zog cia roj teeb: siv nyob rau hauv lub chaw them nqi, thermal fais fab chaw nres tsheb, coj mus muag zog cia, thiab lwm yam. Yog lithium hlau phosphate ion roj teeb.

Dab tsi yog tus ntaiv siv? Piv txwv li, yog tias lub roj teeb siv rau hauv lub tsheb tshiab, lub roj teeb yog 100% lub zog thaum lub roj teeb tau them tag nrho. Thaum lub roj teeb siv rau ib lub sijhawm, cov nyiaj hluav taws xob yuav txo qis. Thaum lub roj teeb yog attenuated rau 80%, nws yuav siv tsis tau rau ntawm lub tsheb.

Qhov no tau siv nyob rau hauv thawj theem; los ntawm lub roj teeb ntawm lub tsheb, lub roj teeb tuaj yeem siv tau los ntawm 80% -20% ntawm lub sijhawm, xws li daim ntawv thov ntawm cov tsheb ceev ceev, hluav taws xob tricycles, hluav taws xob maus taus, them chaw nres tsheb lub zog cia. , Thermal power station peaks in the field, photovoltaic, etc., lub roj teeb tuaj yeem txiav txim siab ua kom tiav nws lub neej voj voog, lub sijhawm no, koj tuaj yeem rov ua dua.

Qhov no tau muab faib ua peb ntu los ntawm kev siv lub peev xwm ntawm tag nrho cov roj teeb: tsheb, kev siv ntaiv, cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab. Xyoo 2017, kev tsim khoom thiab muag ntim ntawm kuv lub teb chaws lub zog tshiab tsheb yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 800,000, thiab lub ntiaj teb yog tag nrho ntawm 1.3 lab; nws xav tias kuv lub teb chaws lub zog tshiab tsheb yuav ncav cuag 3 lab, thiab yuav ncav cuag 5 lab.

Raws li kev muag khoom ntawm lub zog tshiab tsheb, qhov kev thov rau lithium-ion roj teeb hauv 2020 yuav ncav cuag 250GWH, thiab qhov txo qis ntawm qhov no tau maj mam rov ua dua. Raws li qhov kev thov ntsuas ntawm lub zog tshiab lub tsheb fais fab lithium roj teeb nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, lub peev xwm ntawm cov neeg caij tsheb roj teeb yog los ntawm 100% mus rau 80%, thiab lub neej yog li 5 xyoo. Lub tsheb lag luam yog li 3 xyoos.

kuv lub teb chaws lub zog tshiab tsheb yog siv nyob rau hauv 2014. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, los ntawm qhov no, lub hwj chim lithium roj teeb yuav nkag mus rau ib tug loj-scale nyiaj laus theem, nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, nyob rau hauv 2018, nws yog tiag tiag pib ua ib tug lithium-ion roj teeb recycle yuav usher nyob rau hauv cov cua tshiab, lub tom ntej no taw tes nce. Raws li kev kwv yees ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm siab lithium hluav taws xob, cov tuam txhab loj, thiab lwm yam.

, 2018 cia siab tias 11GWH roj teeb so haujlwm, qhov chaw lag luam sib xws yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 6 billion; 2020 qhov chaw lag luam yog 15 billion, nce mus txog 40 billion hauv 2023, txij xyoo 2018 txog rau xyoo 2023, txhua xyoo complex nce tus nqi nce mus txog 50%, thiab rov ua dua lithium-ion roj teeb tuaj yeem hais tias yog kev lag luam tom ntej. Raws li kev txheeb cais, kev rov qab los ntawm lithium-ion roj teeb hauv 2017 yog 80,000 tons, thiab kev lag luam loj yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 30-4 billion. Nyob rau hauv no 80,000 tons, lub roj teeb dismantling account rau 95%, thiab tsis muaj tub luam siv.

Tam sim no, vim li cas tus ntaiv siv kev lag luam nce qib yog qhov tseem ceeb. Cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no muaj cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no: qhov teeb meem kev nyab xeeb hauv xyoo dhau los yog qhov tseem ceeb dua; , Standardization tsis siab, ntau nyuaj kom phim tus tub luam yog qhov nyuaj; lub zog cia kev lag luam tsis muaj kev tso tawm loj. Technology Txoj Kev 1.

Technical Standards kuv lub teb chaws xav tau cov kev cai ntawm "Tshiab Zog Tsheb Thauj Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob Kev Lag Luam Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob": Raws li cov txheej txheem ntub dej ntub dej, kev siv rov qab siv cov nickel-cobalt manganese tsis tsawg dua 98%, thiab rov ua dua cov hluav taws kub smelting Tsis tsawg dua 97%. Tam sim no, cov tuam txhab ua lag luam hauv Suav teb tau pib mus txog tus qauv. 2.

Qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm ob lub roj teeb no tsis txawv heev. Lub neej voj voog ntawm lithium hlau phosphate ntev dua, thiab lub roj teeb tuaj yeem ncav cuag 2000-6000 zaug ntawm 100% attenuation mus rau 80%. CATL tau ua qhov kev ntsuas saum toj no, thiab cov lithium hlau phosphate muaj nuj nqi tom qab so haujlwm tuaj yeem siv los ua lub roj teeb ntawm tes rau tsawg kawg 5 xyoos.

Lithium hlau phosphate, yog ncaj qha scrapped, dismantled rov qab, tsawg nyiaj khwv tau los, nws cov Cheebtsam tsis tsim nyog cov nyiaj, lithium cov ntsiab lus me me, 1 tuj lithium hlau phosphate recycling economic kev pab cuam yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 10,000, yog siv raws li ib tug ntaiv siv hlau cov nyiaj khwv tau los ntawm 30000-4000 lithium phosphate ntau npaum li cas. haum rau tus ntaiv. 3, qhov ntws ntawm tus ntaiv tau muab faib ua peb kauj ruam: thawj zaug tshuaj xyuas cov roj teeb rov ua dua tshiab, tom qab ntawd nqa-ntawm lub roj teeb txoj hlua sib txuas, cov kauj ruam thib peb yog siv los tswj kev tswj hwm, kev sib ntxiv ntawm BMS, tsim muaj peev xwm thiab lub zog sib tw. Lub peev xwm roj teeb dav dav thiab lub zog sib piv yog 8: 1, qhov paug tawm yog 0.

125C. Cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb rau kev siv ntaiv yog ob qho: Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis: Cov roj teeb sib txawv muaj cov tshuab ntim sib txawv, tshem tawm cov roj teeb sib txawv raws li qhov ua tau zoo, lub neej ntawm lub roj teeb module; tag nrho lub neej voj voog traceability technology: los ntawm BMS Supply SOC, SOH, SOP technical indicators as kwv yees. Lub teb chaws yuav tsum tsim kom muaj zog tshiab tsheb Lub teb chaws saib xyuas thiab lub hwj chim cia roj teeb rov ua dua traceability integrated tswj platform, platforms yog raws li cov roj teeb ntau lawm raws li cov ntaub ntawv nqa, kom txog rau thaum lub roj teeb tuag yog traceable thiab cov ntaub ntawv cov ntaub ntawv rau tag nrho lub neej voj voog.

4, cov peev txheej rov qab los ntawm lithium phosphate lub neej yog qhov ntev, thaum lub neej voj voog ntawm lub roj teeb ternary yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 800-2000 zaug, luv luv; kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub roj teeb ternary tsis zoo, cov hlau lithium-ion roj teeb yog qhov zoo, qhov hluav taws kub yog qhov tsawg, tsis haum Field siv rau lub zog cia fais fab chaw nres tsheb, kev sib txuas lus hauv paus chaw nres tsheb, thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus nqi ntawm npib tsib xee-wateng manganese nyob rau hauv ternary roj teeb kuj yog siab, txawm tias ncaj qha disassembled, cov nyiaj tau los kuj tseem ceeb heev. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv sib piv, lub ternary roj teeb yog ntau haum rau dismantling ub.

Tus nqi ntawm peb-yuan roj teeb dismantles yog 40,000-50,000 yuan / ton. Yog hais tias lub dismantled npib tsib xee-cobalt manganese yuav siv los ua tus precursor ntawm ternary khoom, tus nqi yog siab dua, CATL ua piv txwv, chav tsev nqi yog 80,000 yuan / ton. Cov peev txheej rov qab tau muab faib ua ob ntu: cov roj teeb uas siv tau ua ntej, tso tawm, tshem tawm cov ntim sab nraud, thiab kev sib cais ntawm tes yog sib cais; ces rov zoo.

Recycling thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb pawg: txoj kev qhuav (lub cev txoj cai): Mechanical sorting method: Mechanical sorting method: mechanical means break screening, direct sorting high temperature thermal solution: high temperature incineration, forming steam volatile txias and dry method heat repair: after dry Retreating the recycled crude products into material wet method (chemical method): ntub metallurgy reagent: dissolved metallurgy kom ua tiav kev sib pauv khoom siv hluav taws xob rov qab: Qhov tseem ceeb yog kom xau nrog cov kab mob, Nws tseem nyuaj dua hais, cov teeb meem kev lag luam yuav tsum tau tawg. Tam sim no, hauv kev lag luam, cov roj teeb ternary feem ntau siv cov txheej txheem ntub dej, thiab lithium hlau phosphate siv txoj kev qhuav. Qhov no kuj yog ib txoj kev pom zoo.

Hauv qhov sib piv, tus nqi ntawm txoj kev ntub dej yog qhov siab, tab sis qhov purity ntawm cov khoom siv rov qab yog qhov siab, txhua tus muaj qhov zoo. Kev ua haujlwm hom 1, Tebchaws Asmeskas: Tus tsim lub luag haujlwm Extension + Consumer Deposit System Take TSLA, 2015 TSLA tshaj tawm Powerwall rau lub zog cia kev lag luam, thiab tus ntaiv siv cov roj teeb lithium-ion. 2, Lub teb chaws Yelemees: Tus neeg tsim khoom xav tias lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog rooj plaub rau Bosch.

Xyoo 2015, nws tau pib siv lub roj teeb cov tub lag luam los siv cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab, thiab tus nqi rov qab rau xyoo 2018 yuav tsum muaj ntau dua 50%. 3, Nyiv: Txoj Cai Lij Choj + Txhawb Lub Tuam Txhab Roj Teeb Kev Cai Lij Choj los ntawm lub teb chaws, nyiaj pab rau lub tuam txhab roj teeb. Coj Toyota ua piv txwv, Toyota yog lub ntiaj teb sib xyaw tsheb faucet.

Nws pib ua cov roj teeb pov tseg hauv xyoo 1998. Nws txoj kev rov ua dua tshiab yog peb kauj ruam: ua ntej tsim kom muaj lub network rov ua dua tshiab, thiab tom qab ntawd ntsuas lub roj teeb rov ua dua tshiab. Decomposition thiab tshuaj kho mob ntawm lub roj teeb uas ploj tag rov qab siv dua.

Xyoo 2015, Feng Tian tau siv Camry Mixed Power Vehicle lub roj teeb pov tseg rau Huangshi National Park cov chaw, thiab rov tsim kho lub zog cia roj teeb tswj. 208 Camry roj teeb tuaj yeem khaws 85kWH hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, thiab txuas lub roj teeb lub neej. Ob zaug.

4. Lead-acid roj teeb rov qab Nyob rau hauv 2016, cov khoom ntawm txhuas-acid roj teeb nyob rau hauv kuv lub teb chaws mus txog 4 lab tons. Tus nqi ntawm txhuas tau mus txog 40 billion.

Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm kev siv tshuab, kev rov qab los ntawm cov roj ntsha lead-acid hauv kuv lub teb chaws tuaj yeem ncav cuag 98%, tab sis tus nqi rov qab tiag tiag tsuas yog 30%, cov teeb meem tseem ceeb tsis yog tsim kom muaj lub network loj. Tus thawj coj ntawm kev rov ua dua tshiab yuav tsum ua raws li cov txheej txheem txuas ntxiv ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom lub luag haujlwm, xws li kev tsim tsheb, roj teeb muaj, lub tuam txhab thib peb cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab raws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev rov ua dua tshiab, uas cov tuam txhab tsim khoom pib. Hauv cov qauv kev lag luam, tsim kom muaj kev sib txuas ua ke, tshwj xeeb tuav, ob qho tib si organic ua ke, tam sim no.

Cov kev sib tw kev lag luam yav tom ntej kuj tseem ceeb rau kev tsom mus rau ob lub ntsiab lus no: tsim kom muaj lub teb chaws rov ua dua tshiab, muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo, tuaj yeem diluted; breakthrough technology pib. Tam sim no, muaj cov roj teeb tsawg heev uas siv hauv kuv lub teb chaws tus ntaiv hauv xyoo 2017, thiab qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb yog kev lag luam. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub roj teeb alliance, kuv lub teb chaws lub zog cia yog tsuas yog siv lub zog cia, thiab lub thermal fais fab chaw nres tsheb yog tsuas yog raws li ib tug lead charcoal roj teeb.

Lub lithium hlau phosphate ion roj teeb tsis tau dhau los ua qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau lub cev tseem ceeb ntawm tus ntaiv. Nws yog pom daim duab. , Tus nqi ntawm cov hlau lead charcoal hlwb thiab cov twj siv zog yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 0.

4 yuan / kWh, thiab lithium ion roj teeb yog 0.7 yuan / kWh. Noj Qihadian Fais Fab Lithium Roj Teeb Liyang Project ua piv txwv, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev suav qhia tias lub sijhawm ua lag luam zoo li qub ntawm lub zog cia qhov project yog li 6 xyoo.

Yog tias koj yuav tsum ua cov nyiaj tau los, nws yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm rau 10 xyoo, thiab tus nqi xa rov qab yog 10%. Txawm hais tias kev lag luam ntawm tus ntaiv tsis pom tseeb, nrog rau cov nqi roj teeb poob qis, kev lag luam uas tau siv yav tom ntej yuav maj mam tawg. Kev nqis peev M <000000> A 1, kuv lub teb chaws Ntauwd Ntauwd Lub Tuam Txhab yog lub tuam txhab kev sib txuas lus loj hauv kev pabcuam kev pabcuam, uas tau koom ua ke los ntawm kuv lub tebchaws Telecom, kuv lub tebchaws Mobile, kuv lub tebchaws Unicom, yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib txuas lus, kev saib xyuas thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv sab hauv.

Thaum pib lub Ib Hlis xyoo no, 17 tuam txhab xws li Ntauwd thiab Chongqing Changan, BYD, Yinlong Tshiab Zog, Watma, Guoxuan High-chav kawm, Sandon Tshiab Zog tau koom ua ke rov ua dua lithium hlau phosphate. Tam sim no, tam sim no muaj 12 lub xeev thiab nroog thoob plaws tebchaws. Ntau tshaj 3000 lub hauv paus chaw nres tsheb.

2, SAIC Ningde lub zog yog lub faucet ntawm kev lag luam tsheb, CATL yog tus thawj coj ntawm kev lag luam lithium roj teeb, ob qho tib si ua rau koom tes nrog daim npav fais fab lithium roj teeb rov ua dua tshiab, Lub Peb Hlis 2018 tau kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus kev sib koom tes. CATL tau ua tiav qhov kev yuav khoom hauv xyoo 2013. Tam sim no lithium-ion roj teeb rov ua lag luam lag luam tau dhau los ua ib qho ntawm peb lub lag luam tseem ceeb.

Nyob rau hauv 2017, qhov rov qab ntawm cov lag luam sector mus txog 2.5 billion, chav tsev nqi yog 80,000 yuan / ton, tag nrho cov nyiaj tau los piv yog 27%, kev lag luam accounting mus txog 13%. 3.

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