Matšoenyeho a ho mamella mariha matla a lithium ion betri mocheso o tlase le bokhoni ba taolo ea mocheso bo boholo

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - Lieferant von tragbaren Kraftwerken

Koloi e ncha ea limilione e amohela tlhahlobo ea bophelo ba mariha, tlhahlobo ea litsela tsa mariha ke 24%. Ka 2018, naha e phethetse thekiso e ncha ea likoloi tsa baeti tsa matla a 108,000, ho nyoloha ka 89% selemo le selemo; thekiso ea li-unit tsa 143,000 e phethiloe ka Pherekhong-Hlakola, ho nyoloha ka 134% selemo le selemo; empa liteko tsa litsela tsa mariha li bontšitse hore palo ea li-uniform le maeto a tsoelang pele a mefuta e 8 e ne e le 24. %, Lithium cobalt organte e nang le lithium, lithium tse tharo-dimensional le lithium iron phosphate ha li na monyetla o ikhethang o khahlanong le mocheso o tlase, mocheso o tlase le taolo ea mocheso e tla ba kholo molemong oa &39;maraka o tlang.

Taolo e phahameng ea mocheso e kenyelelitsoe, mocheso o tlase le litsela tsa theknoloji ea taolo ea mocheso ho feta. Ka lebaka la liketsahalo tsa ho tuka ha betri tse 40 tsa lehlabula, bahlahisi ba bangata ba se ba qalile ho ela hloko mocheso o phahameng le taolo ea mocheso, &39;me tsamaiso ea mocheso e tlaase e ntse e emetse ho ntlafatsoa, ​​ke baetsi ba seng bakae feela ba nang le lisebelisoa tsa ho futhumatsa motlakase bakeng sa betri; bophelo ba mariha ke phihlelo ea bapalami Sesupong sa mantlha, ts&39;ebetso ea mocheso o tlase oa betri ke tlholisano ea mantlha ea baetsi ba betri. Mariha a mang le a mang, bophelo bo tlaase bo tla etsa hore bahlahisi ba potlakise ho kenella ha mocheso o tlase le tsamaiso ea mocheso, &39;me monyetla oa&39; maraka o moholo nakong e tlang.

Mocheso o tlase, karabelo ea electrochemical ha e sebetse ke mohloli o tiileng oa phokotso ea motlakase oa mariha oa betri. Ha mocheso oa tikoloho o le tlase haholo, viscosity ea electrolyte e bile e tiisitsoe ka mokhoa o itseng, e le hore li-deinterlamp tsa lithium ion li koetsoe, conductivity e theohe, &39;me matla a fokotsehe. Sebelisa betri ea lithium ion u sebelisa betri ea lithium ion, e leng bonolo ho baka tšenyo e ke keng ea etsolloa ea matla a betri, &39;me u thehe likotsi tse ka bang teng.

Ha ho bapisoa le NCA, lithium iron phosphate, tataiso ea China e lakatsehang ea nts&39;etsopele ea betri NCM811 ts&39;ebetso ea mocheso o tlase e batla e le matla, mokhoa o phahameng oa nickel o thusa ho theola matla a tlase a mariha. R <000000> D betri ea mocheso o tlase ke mokhoa o ka sehloohong oa ho fokotseha ha mariha, tsamaiso e phahameng ea mocheso ke mokhoa oa hona joale oa ho laola bophelo ba mariha. Hajoale, ho na le phetoho ea electrolyte le betri ea boemo bohle ba leholimo ka har&39;a betri e tlase ea mocheso.

Electrolyte e tsoakiloeng e ka kopanngoa le mefuta e fapaneng ea melemo ea electrolyte ho matlafatsa libeteri tsa lithium-ion, mme theknoloji ea betri ea boemo ba leholimo e amoheloa ke BMW ho etella pele &39;maraka. Theknoloji ea hona joale ea tsamaiso ea ho futhumatsa metsi e bapisoa le ntlafatso e kholo selemong se fetileng, e ka etsa hore mocheso o tlaase le tsamaiso ea mocheso ka ho fetola mocheso o pholileng, &39;me ho na le mefuta e mengata&39; marakeng ho finyella mosebetsi o tlaase oa mocheso oa mocheso. Ntlha ea pele, mamello ea koloi ea motlakase ea mariha e fokotsehile hakae? -24% koloi e ncha e amohela teko ea bophelo ba mariha, mocheso o tlase le taolo ea mocheso e ka ba.

Ka 2018, ho bile le li-unit tsa 1008,000 selemong sohle sa likoloi tse ncha tsa baeti tse nang le matla, ho nyoloha ka 89% selemo le selemo; Lithekiso tsa 143,000 li phethiloe ka Pherekhong-Hlakola, 134% selemo le selemo. Leha ho le joalo, koloi e ncha ea matla nakong ea mariha, haholo-holo nakong ea pula e phahameng, bophelo ba sebele ba koloi ea motlakase, e seng e fokotsehile, e bakileng tšusumetso e tebileng ho mosebedisi. Nka likoloi tse &39;maloa tse tloaelehileng tse ncha e le mohlala.

Liteko tse ling tsa litsela tsa mariha li bontša hore junifomo le lik&39;hilomithara tse tsoelang pele tsa ho tsamaea tsa mefuta ena li theohile ka 24%. Lithium cobalt organte e ne e na le, &39;me lithium tse tharo-dimensional le lithium iron phosphate li ne li se na monyetla o ikhethang oa ho thibela mocheso o tlase. Ka lebaka la liketsahalo tse 40 tsa ho itšehla thajana selemong se fetileng, bahlahisi ba bangata ba se ba qalile ho lefa mocheso o phahameng le tsamaiso ea mocheso, ha ho ntse ho hlokahala matla a ho laola mocheso o tlaase, ke baetsi ba &39;maloa feela ba nang le lisebelisoa tsa ho futhumatsa motlakase bakeng sa libeteri.

Bophelo ba mariha ke sesupo sa mantlha sa boiphihlelo ba bapalami ba koloi. Ts&39;ebetso ea mocheso o tlase oa betri ke tlholisano ea mantlha ea betri. Re lumela hore bophelo bo bong le bo bong ba mariha bo tla etsa hore moetsi a potlakise ho kenella ha mocheso o tlase le taolo ea mocheso, &39;me menyetla ea maraka ea nakong e tlang e kholo.

Ha teko ea betri e le tlase, matla a teng a betri a tlase. Nka mohlala oa Panasonic NCR18650A, matla a betri a tla theoha ka hoo e ka bang 20% ​​ha a bapisoa le 25 ¡ã C tekong ea betri, &39;me mocheso oa seaparo sa seaparo o tlaase ho feta mocheso o tloaelehileng,&39; me betri e fapane. Betri ea lithium phosphate ion e nkoa e le mohlala, &39;me ho hanyetsa ka hare ho betri ke makhetlo a 4-5 ho 15 ¡ã C,&39; me conductivity ea electrolyte e matla.

Tšebeliso ea lisebelisoa tsa ho futhumatsa likoloing tsa mariha e eketseha. Hona joale, mocheso oa PTC ke mohloli o lakatsehang oa mocheso oa li-air conditioner tse futhumatsang koloi ea motlakase, tse nyolohileng ho tloha ho 70% ho ea ho 98% ha li bapisoa le matla a ho futhumatsa a terata ea motlakase, empa pene ea matla a phahameng e fetoloa matla a mocheso a tlaase, &39;me litšila tsa matla li ntse li le khōlō. E na le li-heaters tse 2 tsa PTC joalo ka tse 5 tsa pele.

5kW ka mor&39;a ES8. Mamello e ka qeta halofo feela. Tekanyo ea khopolo ea tšebeliso ea matla a futhumatsang lithibelo tse tebileng.

Nka betri ea 35KWH le e tloaelehileng ea hajoale e le mohlala oa ho fumana tšebeliso ea matla a futhumatsang le lebelo la khokahano ea mileage. Ho netefatsa sekhahla sa ho boloka mamello ea 75%, tšebeliso ea matla a futhumatsang ka hare le e ts&39;oanang e laoloa ho 1-1.5KW.

Leha ho le joalo, katleho ea phetoho ea electrothermal e fihla ho 1, &39;me katleho ea mocheso oa PTC e haufi haholo, ka hona hoa hlokahala ho fumana mokhoa o kang oa phetoho ea phetoho e kang mocheso oa pompo ea mocheso. Ea bobeli, theko ea pele ea betri ea lithium-ion nakong ea mariha, mocheso o tlaase oa electrochemical reaction ha o sebetse, mocheso o tlaase, electrochemical reaction ha e sebetse ke mohloli o thata oa bophelo ba betri ea mariha. Lithium ion betri ke "betri ea rock" e tloaelehileng, e qosoang, &39;me li-ion tsa lithium li kena ka electrode e mpe ho tloha ho electrode e ntle ho kenya electrode e mpe, e le hore electrode e mpe ke naha ea lithium, palo e ntle e ntle,&39; me electrode ea carbon negative e fumana tefo ea matšeliso ka potoloho ea kantle.

, Khutlela morao ha o tsoa. Ha mocheso oa tikoloho o le tlase haholo, viscosity ea electrolyte e bile e tiisitsoe ka mokhoa o itseng, e le hore li-deinterlamp tsa lithium ion li koetsoe, conductivity e theohe, &39;me matla a fokotsehe. Ho sebelisa libeteri tsa lithium-ion maemong a mocheso a tlase ho baka tšenyo e ke keng ea etsolloa le likotsi tse ka bang teng.

Ho qhibiliha ha li-ion tsa lithium ho tla fokotseha haholo ka mocheso o tlaase, o ka kenngoa ho theha lithium crystal graft. Ha e se e holile ho isa boholeng bo itseng, e ka phunya diaphragm e entseng hore betri e khutsufatsoe ho theha likotsi tse ka bang teng tsa ts&39;ireletso. &39;Me ka nako ena, maemo a matla a elektrode a betri a futsanehile, sebopeho se tiileng sa electrolyte (SEI) se tla eketseha, se tla tsoela pele ho sitisa phallo ea ion, e leng se fellang ka ho fokotsa matla a matla.

Ho hanyetsa mocheso o tlase oa mefuta eohle ea lisebelisoa tsa electrode tse ntle li fapane, &39;me betri ea NCM811 e batla e le leqhoa. Tekanyo ea ho boloka matla a betri ho -20 ¡ã C e fokotsehile, &39;me thepa ea NCM e tšoana le lisebelisoa tsa NCA,&39; me NCM811 e phahame hanyenyane ho feta NCA, empa ka bobeli li molemo ho feta betri ea lithium iron phosphate ion. Mokhoa oa hajoale oa nts&39;etsopele ea betri ea lapeng o thusa ho liehisa ts&39;ebetso ea matla a tlase a mariha, empa e ntse e le taolo e tlase ea mocheso ho etsa hore betri e be maemong a holimo.

Ntlha ea boraro, ho tsoela pele ka mocheso o tlaase, ho sebetsa hantle ha mocheso, ho etsa lipatlisiso le nts&39;etsopele ea mocheso o tlaase oa betri ke mokhoa oa ho sebetsana le ho fokotseha ha mariha, &39;me ho na le electrolyte e fetotsoeng le betri ea boemo bohle ba leholimo ka tataiso ea tataiso, empa hona joale e le sethaleng sa teko. Hybrid lithium letsoai, solvent le additive fumana electrolyte e phahameng ea mocheso e nang le ts&39;ebetso e matla e pharaletseng, ke takatso ea ho fumana betri ea lithium-ion e tlaase mocheso. Electrolyte ke e &39;ngoe ea lintlha tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa tsa ho hanyetsa betri, mme polelo ea hajoale ea lipatlisiso e tla kopanya matsoai a fapaneng a lithium, li-solvents le li-additives.

Kopanya liphetho tse ntle ka tekanyo e itseng. Ka mohlala, ka ho qhibiliha, mochine o tloaelehileng oa solvent EC dielectric constant o phahame, sebopeho sa filimi se setle, empa sekontiri sa PC se nang le sebaka se phahameng sa ho qhibiliha, viscosity e kholo, le ntlha e tlaase ea ho qhibiliha (-48 ¡ã C) e ka thibela ka katleho tsamaiso ea electrolyte hore e se ke ea tiisoa ka mocheso o tlaase. Ho fetola karo-karolelano ea tse peli, ho hanyetsa tsamaiso, ho fumana mokelikeli o khahlanong le mocheso o tlaase oa molemo o kopantsoeng.

Betri ea boemo ba leholimo bohle ke khetho ea boikhethelo ka har&39;a betri. Ka 2016, sehlopha sa Sechaena sa ECPOWER le Pennsylvania State University se thehile betri ea lithium-ion e ka sebelisoang tlas&39;a maemo a tlaase a mocheso. E ka fihlella mocheso o tlase o futhumatsang ka mokhoa oa potoloho ka kenyelletso ea ka hare ea foil ea electrometrium, e ka sebelisoang nakong ea metsotsoana e 25.

Mocheso ho tloha ho -20 ¡ã C ho isa ho 0 ¡ã C le ho boloka botsitso. Betri ena ea maemo a leholimo kaofela e lisekoere, &39;me litšenyehelo tsa tlatsetso li ka tlase ho yuan e le &39;ngoe ka kilowatworm. Boima bo eketsehileng ha bo fete 1.

5%, &39;me ho fokotsa matla ho 20 ¡ã C ke halofo feela ea betri e akaretsang. BMW e phatlalatsa tumellano ea patent le Ecpower ka likhoeli tse 18, e leng monyetla o moholo oa ho sebelisa theknoloji ho sebelisa mofuta oa nakong e tlang oa koloi ea motlakase ea BMW e hloekileng. Re lumela hore betri ea boemo ba leholimo e nang le ts&39;ebetso ea ho futhumatsa ke e &39;ngoe ea likhetho tsa nakong e tlang, empa ho tšepahala, tšebeliso ea matla a futhumatsang le taolo ea potoloho e ntse e sebetsanoa.

Tsamaiso ea mocheso e phahameng ka ho fetisisa ke mokhoa o teng hona joale oa ho laola bophelo ba mariha. Moralo oa sistimi ea ho futhumatsa betri ka mocheso o tlase ke morero o rarahaneng. Haeba feela ho tloha karolong e phahameng ea ho qetela, sesebelisoa sa ho futhumatsa betri ke tharollo e nepahetseng ea ho boloka betri mocheso o itseng, empa ho tloha lehlakoreng la tšireletso ea betri, nka mochine o futhumatsang oa betri ka tlase ho 0 ¡ã C ho eketsa bophelo ba betri.

Ho phaella moo, ho futhumala ha betri hoa hlokahala ho tlatsa thepa ea ho kenya mocheso ka har&39;a betri, empa sena se hloka taolo e phahameng ea mocheso, kahoo moralo oa tsamaiso ea mocheso o lokela ho nahana ka lintlha tse sa tšoaneng. Sistimi ea ho futhumatsa betri e na le mekhoa e fapaneng, &39;me ho khonahala ha sistimi ea mocheso o pholileng oa metsi ho holimo. Hajoale, sistimi e futhumatsang ea betri e na le mocheso oa PTC, mocheso oa filimi ea mocheso oa motlakase, mocheso oa phetoho ea karolo, ho futhumatsa metsi a pholileng, ho futhumatsa phala ea mocheso, ho futhumala ha puisano le lisebelisoa tse ling.

Qetellong ea 2017, ts&39;ebetso ea preheating ea betri e ile ea ntlafatsoa tsamaisong ea OTA. Patent e bonts&39;itse mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho futhumatsa, e ka tsamaisang taolo ea mocheso oa betri ea boemo ba leholimo maemong a fapaneng a ts&39;ebetso, mecha ea ho futhumatsa e fapaneng, le mehloli e fapaneng ea mocheso. Leha ho le joalo, ho tloha &39;mapeng oa eona oa ho qhaqha, hape ke tšebeliso ea pholiso ea ho futhumatsa ea PTC, e leng khetho e teng hona joale e utloahalang ka ho fetisisa, e ka sebetsanang le khanyetsano ea tsamaiso ea mocheso o phahameng le o tlaase, ha ho fetola ho le bonolo haholoanyane, feela ka mocheso o phahameng oa mokelikeli o pholileng Mohloli o mocha oa mocheso motheong oa tsamaiso ea mocheso.

Mefuta e mengata e na le mocheso o tlase oa mocheso le tsamaiso ea mocheso, tsamaiso ea ho futhumatsa metsi a batang a betri ea babatsa. Hajoale, likoloi tse ngata tse ncha tsa motlakase li na le lisebelisoa tse futhumatsang betri, empa sistimi ea ho futhumatsa moea e thehiloeng ho PTC ha e sebetse hantle. Ntle le Testra, mohlala oa sesebelisoa sa mochini o futhumatsang metsi o na le sistimi e futhumatsang ea betri, e fetohileng sebaka se thata sa ho rekisa sehlahisoa, se fetohileng sebaka se thata sa thekiso ea lihlahisoa.

Ntlafatsa, mosebetsi oa ho futhumatsa tharollo ea pholileng o tla tsoela pele ho kenella. Li-air conditioner tsa pompo ea mocheso li ka boloka matla hantle mariha. COP ea sebele ha pompo ea mocheso e chesa, e ka fihla ho 2-4, ke hore, mocheso oa tšebeliso e tšoanang ea matla ke makhetlo a 2-4 ho PTC.

Hajoale, ho bile le Roewe EI5 le MarvelX tse nang le mochini o futhumatsang pompo ea mocheso ho netefatsa mocheso o sebetsang hantle mariha. Likoloi tse tloaelehileng tsa motlakase tse nang le 300km tefiso ea 35 kW li sebelisoa e le mohlala oa ho bala, PTC, mocheso oa pompo ea mocheso oa moea, le motsoako oa mekhoa e &39;meli e entsoeng ka ho sebelisa li-conditioner feela tsa mocheso oa mocheso, ke 14% feela ea tšebeliso ea mocheso oa PTC feela. Mileage, phello ea ho boloka matla e ngata haholo.