Pehea e hoʻokō ai i ka hoʻohana "direct materialization"? Pehea e hoʻolohe ai i ka poʻe akamai

Автор: Iflowpower – Kannettavien voimalaitosten toimittaja

E nānā mua i ka ʻikepili, e ka ʻikepili e ʻike i ka noi mākeke a me nā koi hoʻomohala ʻenehana: 1) Wahi a koʻu ʻāina ʻo Automotive Industry Association, 2017 hou ka ikehu automotive hana a me ke kūʻai aku i 7.94 miliona, 7.77 miliona, a 53.

8%, 53.3%, i kēlā me kēia, ʻO nā kaʻa ikehu hou he 2.7% o ka huina kūʻai.

2) E like me ka hopena o 2017, ua hoʻolaha ʻo ia ma mua o 1.8 miliona mau kaʻa ikehu hou, a ʻo ka pākaukau mālama mana ma kahi o 86.9GWH.

Wahi a ka Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, ua manaʻo ʻia e hiki ke kūʻai aku i nā kaʻa ikehu hou i 2 miliona, a ʻo nā kaʻa uila maʻemaʻe he 56%. 3) E like me ka ikehu hou kaʻa kaʻa lithium-ion ola pākaukau 5-6 makahiki, nā kaʻa kalepa 2-3 makahiki, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka mana o koʻu ʻāina ʻo lithium-ion recycling ma kahi o 10.7 biliona yuan i 2020, me kahi o 64 100 miliona yuan, ka hoʻohana hou ʻana ma kahi o 4.

3 biliona yuan. Ua ʻike nā mea ʻekolu ma luna nei i ka mākeke nui no ka hana hou ʻana a me ka hana hou ʻana o nā pā lithium-ion ikaika, akā ke kau nei ka pae ʻenehana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana, "e hoʻolaha ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke ʻano hana hana hoʻomohala ʻenehana lithium-ion." ʻOi aku ka ʻōnaehana ma mua o 260Wh / kg ma mua o ka ikehu.

Hoʻemi ʻia ke kumukūʻai i 1 yuan / WH, a hoʻohana ʻia ke kaiapuni -30 ¡ã C a 55 ¡ã C i 2025, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka monomer. 500WH / kg. Ma o ka ʻikepili i luna aʻe, hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā kaʻa ikehu hou e hoʻokele i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka lithium-ion power lithium-ion a pau, e lawe pū ana i ka noi mākeke no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pākaukau lithium-ion dynamic.

Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Zhao Jindi, ka luna o koʻu ʻāina ʻo Battery Industry Association, aia i kēia manawa i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hoʻopukapuka kālā, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i nā ʻenehana koʻikoʻi ke kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa, ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā kaʻa ikehu hou, ka ulu ʻana o ke kaulahao ʻoihana, ʻaʻole palekana ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke alapiʻi. Ua hōʻuluʻulu pololei ka mea hoʻonaʻauao o Yang Yusheng i kekahi mau pilikia e hoʻoponopono ʻia, a kāhea aku i ke aupuni e alakaʻi, nā loea a me nā hui ʻē aʻe o nā hui like ʻole, ke kū nei nā pā lithium-ion mana i kēia manawa: 1) He kiʻekiʻe loa nā subsiders e hoʻopunipuni i nā hui kaʻa uila i ka Hoʻohui, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paepae no ke kālā, ke kaulahao o ke kiaʻāina ke kaulahao a me ka hui alakaʻi; 2) ʻO ka hana nui, e alakaʻi ana i ke kumukūʻai o ka pā lithium-ion, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, hana manawa; 3) Cobalt, kumu waiwai nickel, pili ke kumu kūʻai i nā kānaka, paʻakikī ke kākoʻo i nā tausani o nā pono hana kaʻa uila; 4) ʻO nā kōkua kōkua a me nā makau mileage, he mea nui ia ma mua o ka ikaika ma mua o ka ikehu, ʻekolu-yuan pākaukau i loko o 333/523 a 622/811, nickel Ua hoʻemi ʻia ka maʻiʻo o ka ʻike e ka wela wela, ua hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ka palekana; 5) ʻO ke kaumaha o ke kaʻa, ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu ea, ka hoʻopōkole ʻana i ka mile kaʻa, ka uku ʻana i ka uku pila, ʻoi aku ka pōkole o ke ola pākaukau, pono ke kūʻai ʻia ka lua; 6) ho&39;ōki ʻia ke kālā Ma hope o kēlā, paʻakikī ke kūʻai aku kiʻekiʻe. Hōʻike kēia mau pilikia i nā pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻoihana.

E like me ka ʻōlelo a ka mea hoʻonaʻauao ʻo Yang, ʻaʻole kēia mau pilikia i ka mana hoʻokahi, makemake lākou i ke aupuni, ka hui, a me ka lehulehu. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka ʻenehana hoʻihoʻi ʻana o ka pākaukau kūloko a me nā ʻāina ʻē i ka ʻenehana hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka pila, haole ToxCo, Aeatechnology, Inmetco, Snam, Toshiba Terume, Sumitomo Metal Mining Company hiki ke hoʻihoʻi i nā pā lithium-ion, kahi e hiki ai iā ToxCo ke mālama i nā ʻano hoʻohālike like ʻole, ʻokoʻa nā mea Kimia o nā pā lithium-ion; ʻO ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka home, ʻo Greenmei i kēia manawa, Bangu (i loaʻa iā Ningde Times) a me ka pākaukau hoʻoheheʻe nui o nā hui ʻekolu ma Zhangzhou Hao Peng, he 90%. Ma ke kaʻina hana hoʻihoʻi, hoʻohana ka ToxCo i kahi kaʻina wai e hoʻoheheʻe mua i ka maʻi kanesa ma -198 ¡ã C wai nitrogen ma -198 ¡ã C.

ʻO ka mālama wela kiʻekiʻe o Inmetco i ka umu ahi arc, ua hui pū ʻia ʻo Kelemania me ke ʻano ahi a me ka pulu. Ke kaʻina hana, ke kaʻina hana o "pretreatment-vacuum heat treatment-mechanical treatment-crane-fire-wet method" i loaʻa i nā ʻano hana like ʻole; home Greenmei, Bangpu maʻamau hoʻohana pulu kaʻina hana, a me ke ahi kaʻina Combine. Ua manaʻo ʻia e 2020, e hoʻokō ka ʻoihana i ka ʻenehana wehe ʻana ma o ka hana ʻana i ka automation, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka pono, a loaʻa ma mua o 85% o ka hoʻokaʻawale keleawe keleawe, nickel-wateng manganese recovery rate ʻoi aku ma mua o 98%.

, A uhaki i ka hana hou graphite a me ka ʻenehana hoʻohana waiwai. ʻO nā huiʻehā i heluʻia ma ka papaʻaina i heluʻia ma ka papaʻainaʻaʻole i komo i kahi LI ho&39;ōla nui, Li Recycling Research aia i kona wā kamaliʻi, nele i ka nānāʻana i nā mīkini, nā hihiaʻoihana liʻiliʻi; ʻO ke kaʻina hana hoʻihoʻi ʻo Ni a me CO i ka waika base a me ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka ʻai meaʻai; He emi ka noiʻi e pili ana i ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i nā mea. Kākoʻo ʻia ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā koleke a me nā kulanui e ka ʻenehana lako hana hou, a ʻo ka mea hoʻonaʻauao o Yang Yusheng i kuhikuhi ʻo ka palekana ke kumu nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke alapiʻi: 1) No ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ke alapiʻi e hoʻohana ana i nā pilikia i ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka pā uila - ka hana hana, hoʻohana i ka ʻikepili nui e hoʻokumu i kahi hoʻokele traceable ʻO ka ʻōnaehana, e hōʻike ana he maʻalahi ka helu ʻana i ka mea electrode; Hoʻohana kiʻekiʻe, akā ʻaʻohe waiwai i ka wā e hana hou ai.

I ka oaoieei recycling &39;enehana o Positive Code Materials, Professor Wang Dabui, Lanzhou University, hoʻomaikaʻi kuʻuna pulu metallurgy, me ka hoʻohana &39;ana i ka "haʻahaʻa wela ohe - wai hoʻoheheʻe - hana hou" pōkole kaʻina &39;enehana e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka pulu kaʻina ala, hoemi ikehu, sulfuric waikawa Ho&39;ēmi dosage,ʻaʻole hoʻohana hou H2O2, ho&39;ēmi i ka waika pollution50 / yuan. Hoʻihoʻi hou ʻia ka mea lithium i ka mea electrode maikaʻi i ka pae mua o ka alkaline, paʻakikī ka mea hoʻonā, a paʻakikī ke pani ʻana, no laila ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o ka lithium ma mua o ka nickel-cobalt manganese, ua hoʻemi ʻia ka mea noiʻi ʻo Sun Wei o ka Chinese Academy of Science e ka carbon organik. ʻO ka mea hana, e hoʻopau i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ke aniani electrode maikaʻi, e hoʻolaha ana i nā mea lithium e wehe, e hoʻokō i ka unuhi koho, ka nui o ka lawe ʻana o ka lithium, ka nui o ka unuhi> 95%.

ʻO ka electrolyte ka mea liʻiliʻi i loko o ka pākaukau, akā ʻo ke kaiapuni ka mea nui loa, a ʻo ke kumu aʻo ʻo Dai Changsong ʻo Harbin i kuhikuhi ʻia aia kahi PC solvent PC a me DEC evaporation i ka wā o ka electrolyte, a me HF, organophosphate (OPS), hui alkyl ʻO ka pilikia o nā mea ʻawaʻawa a me nā mea ʻino e like me fluoroplastics, Dai Professor, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā pono o ka hoʻonā ʻana o ka wai a me ka hoʻonā ʻana o ka wai. ʻO ke ʻano hoʻoheheʻe CO2, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka supercritical CO2 extract, hoʻohui i ka methanol, ethanol, etc. ma ka ʻōnaehana, etc. "Hiki i ka hoʻonui nui ʻana i ka pono o ka unuhi ʻana o ka polar solute.

I ke kaʻina hana, ka home honua hoʻohana o ka maloʻo a me ka pulu kaʻina hana, a me ke kumu o Northern University of Technology hoʻolauna semi-ʻeleu dismantling kaʻina hoʻihoʻi, ma o "dismantling-roasting-crushing-vibrating pale (maikaʻi a me ka maikaʻiʻole)" e hoʻokō mea recycling, I ke kaʻina hana, ua loaʻa ka acidic leaching "mixed-precipitate" ala e hoʻokō ai i ke ʻano o ka FE, adsorp me ke ʻano hana electrode. Ni, Li ho&39;ōla, CO ho&39;ōla mua me ka oxalic acid, a laila hiki i ka hoʻoponopono hoʻoponopono ke loaʻa ka hana e hoʻohālikelike. ʻO ka huahana hou o ka huahana mineral; ʻO ka liʻiliʻi o ka nickel-manganese a me nā valvue ʻē aʻe i kanu ʻia e ka Triemang, ka helu leaching o ka nickel-cobalt manganese, etc. Mea maikaʻi.

Ua ʻimi ka ʻoihana i ka ʻenehana hana hou, a ua hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻenehana i loko o ke alapiʻi pākaukau, ʻo kekahi mau ʻoihana e manaʻo ana i nā kuhikuhi hoʻomohala akamai, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pono, hoʻemi i nā kumukūʻai a hōʻoia i ka palekana ma o ka naʻauao. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Zhongtianhong lithium i ka pae pākaukau lithium-ion nui i ka hoʻolimalima ʻana i kahi kumu kūʻai. He 70% ka waiwai o ka mea kalepa o ka pauku lithium-ion, a ʻo ka waiwai o ka hoʻohana hou ʻia he 30%, a ʻo ka waiwai o ka hoʻoulu hou ʻana ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā ʻāpana ternary. He paʻakikī ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wehe ʻana o ka pākaukau lithium ion i nā ʻāpana, nā mea, nā kaʻina hana wili, nā ʻano kelepona uila, hydraulic art, module series, chassis structures, etc.

, nā hale, haku mele, kaʻina hana ʻO ka paʻakikī, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka wehe ʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pōʻino o ka pā; Hoʻohana ʻo Zhongtianhong lithium i ka laina hoʻokaʻawale automated e hoʻokō i ka naʻauao wehe, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻopau ʻana. Ua hoʻokumu pū ʻo Shenzhen Thai i nā laina hoʻopau naʻauao, e loaʻa ana he 50,000 mau kaʻa ikehu hou, 30,000 tons o nā pākahi i hoʻomaha ʻia, a me ka hana ʻana i nā huahana 20,000-tank storage, e hoʻokaʻawale ana i 15,000 tons o nā ʻōpala. Hoʻokomo ʻo Shenzhen Xiongao i ka ʻenehana ʻikepili nui, i ka huahana, ke kumukūʻai, ke kaulahao ʻoihana, ka mākeke hiki.

ka nele o koʻu ʻāina i nā kumuwaiwai cobalt, nā mea nui i lawe ʻia mai Congo, etc. ʻO ka hana kūikawā, ka automation i ke kuhikuhi naʻauao, hoʻokumu i kahi hale hana akamai. ʻO ke kaʻina hana pulu maʻamau he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (ʻekolu yuan <50%, iron lithium <30%), environmental pollution (incineration or buried, acid-base dip), can not pass the first, second-line city environmental assessment, long distance transportation cost, phosphoric acid Lithium lithium, lithium manganate is not high, economic efficiency is different, etc.

I mea e hoʻoponopono ai i nā hemahema o nā kaʻina wai maʻamau, ua hoʻohana ʻo Beijing Saidmy i ka ʻenehana hoʻoneʻe pono + mea hoʻoponopono, ʻaʻole wale i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka pākaukau ternary, akā pili pū me ka lithium hao phosphate, lithium manganate, lithium titanate, etc. Hoʻomaopopo ka ʻenehana hana hou a Saidmy i ka hoʻopili piha ʻana, ʻakomi, hoʻopau physiological maʻemaʻe, ʻaʻohe kinoea pōʻino, e hoʻokō i ka hoʻihoʻi piha ʻana o nā mea uila lithium; hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ke kūkulu ʻana i hale hana, e hoʻemi i nā kumukūʻai kaʻina hana ke kumukūʻai Environmental. Eia kekahi, ua noʻonoʻo kekahi mau ʻoihana i kā lākou noʻonoʻo ponoʻī, a manaʻo i ka loiloi olakino o nā hoʻāʻo screening pākaukau i hoʻomaha ʻia, i ka hoʻolālā ʻana a me ka hana ʻana, disassembly, ka lawe ʻana i ka pahu, ka mālama ʻana, ka ʻike koena, ka wehe ʻana, ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pae, a me ka hana hou ʻana o nā pā lithium-ion.

E hoʻomohala i nā ʻōnaehana maʻamau, e wehewehe i nā ʻoihana hana pākaukau, nā ʻoihana hana kaʻa, nā ʻoihana hoʻopau kaʻa kaʻa, nā ʻoihana alapiʻi a me nā hui hoʻohana hou. Hoʻomaikaʻi mālie ʻia ke kulekele ʻoihana. No ka hana hou ʻana, ʻo ia nā nīnau penei: 1) Aia nā nīnau penei: 1) Nā kānāwai kūikawā a me nā hoʻoponopono ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka ʻōnaehana hoʻopaʻa uila; 2) ʻAʻole i hoʻokumu maikaʻi ʻia ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka mana ʻōpala; 3) Pono e hoʻomaikaʻi hou ʻia nā kūlana kulekele; 4) Kākoʻo liʻiliʻi no ka ʻenehana hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka ʻenehana hoʻopaʻa mana a me ka noiʻi lako; 5) E hoʻomaikaʻi koke ʻia ka ʻoihana hoʻonaninani kaʻa i hoʻopau ʻia; 6) nele i ke alakaʻi a me nā loina e hoʻokō i nā ʻoihana hoʻohana.

ʻO ke kumu kūʻai o ka hana hou ʻana, ʻeke, hale kūʻai, kaiapuni, wehe, hoʻāʻo, a me ke kumu kūʻai ma hope o ke kūʻai ʻana e pono e hahai i nā lula o ka lawe ʻana i ka pahu uila a me nā koi maʻamau, a ʻo ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana e hahai i nā kūlana metala regenerative a me nā metala non-ferrous. Noi i nā kūlana hana palekana o ka hui hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, e hoʻokaʻawale e hōʻoia i ka pilina a me ka palekana. Ma ke kulekele hoʻololi hou ʻana i ka pā uila lithium-ion, ua hoʻolaha ka Ministry of Industry and Information Technology i ka "Interim Provisions on the Management of New Energy Automobile Power Battery Recycling and Utilization", e kuhikuhi ana i ka ʻike e pili ana i ka hana, kūʻai aku, hoʻohana, ʻōpala, hana hou, hoʻohana ʻana i nā pihi mālama mana.

ʻO ka hana ʻana i ka pākaukau a me ke alapiʻi e hoʻohana i ka hui, e like me ka "Notice on Open Automobile Power Battery Coding Record System" (Middle Machine Letter [2018] No. 73), nā mea hana code code a me nā lula coding no ka waiho ʻana, ka pākaukau mālama mana a i ʻole ke alapiʻi i hana ʻia e ka hui Battery products Code identification. Ua hōʻuluʻulu ka mea i luna i ka pilikia a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā pilikia i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka pākaukau lithium-ion a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pōʻai, ʻo nā kumu nui o nā ʻanuʻu a i ʻole ka hoʻohana hou ʻana ʻo ia ka ʻenehana, ka palekana o ke kaiapuni a me nā pilikia kumukūʻai.

No ka hopu ʻana i ka mākeke, aia nō ka foothold i ka ʻenehana koʻikoʻi, maʻamau, Breakthroughs i nā pilikia nui e like me nā kulekele, ʻike, aupuni, nā hui upstream, nā hui ʻoihana, hui pū, hoʻolālā hohonu o kēia ʻoihana. I mea e hoʻoponopono ai i kēia mau pilikia, pono mākou e hoʻomau i ke aʻo ʻana i ka noiʻi hohonu ma ka indus.