Iibhetri zamandla zidla umhlala-phantsi, kwaye i-Shenzhen iza kuseka inkxaso-mali yokurisayikilisha

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Xa ndixubusha ukuqaliswa komgaqo-nkqubo we-2019 entsha yenkxaso yemoto yemoto kwishishini, i-Shenzhen 2018 umgaqo-nkqubo wenkxaso yengingqi ukhululwe nje. Kutshanje, Shenzhen iKomiti yeMali kaMasipala, Shenzhen Development and Reform Commission ngokudibeneyo babhengeze "Shenzhen 2018 New Energy Automobile Application Application Policy Support" ("Shenzhen New Energy Automobile Financial Support Policy"), iyonke imigaqo-nkqubo yoncediso-mali ezintathu, kuquka izibonelelo zokuthenga Vehicle, ukutshaja izibonelelo ukwakhiwa kwenkxaso-mali kunye nombane sublithium ibhetri recycling. Ngeli xesha, i-subsidies yomgaqo-nkqubo yaziswa ngokucacileyo, kwaye i-Shenzhen iye yaba sisixeko sokuqala esiseta i-lithium yenkxaso-mali yokubuyisela ibhetri.

Enyanisweni, njengoko ibhetshi yokuqala yamandla ebhetri ye-lithium sele iza kuthatha umhlalaphantsi, ukuphinda kusetyenziswe kunye nokusetyenziswa kwakhona kwebhetri ye-lithium yamandla ibisoloko ingumxholo oshushu weenkxalabo zeshishini. I-1 kW, i-yuan ye-20 yenkxaso-mali, kuxelwe ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo wenkxaso-mali ye-"Shenzhen New Energy Automobile Financial Support Policy" yahlulwe ngezigaba ezithathu, apho i-12 ukuya kwe-11 Juni 2018 yithuba lokutshintsha, kunye nokuthintela unyaka. Ipolisi yemela kunye nokusika; ukongeza kwimoto yebhetri yamandla epetroli, iimoto zabakhweli zamandla amatsha, abakhweli bombane abasulungekileyo, iilori zombane ezisulungekileyo kunye nezithuthi ezikhethekileyo zinokuhla okukhulu, kodwa ziphucule ngakumbi kwaye zicokise umgangatho wenkxaso-mali yokwakha yezibonelelo zokutshaja.

Ukongeza, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhankanya ukuba isiXeko saseShenzhen simisele inkxaso-mali yokubuyisela ibhetri ye-lithium, kwaye i-Shenzhen iye yaba sisixeko sokuqala e-China yaseka inkxaso-mali yokubuyisela ibhetri ye-lithium enamandla. I-Beijing News intatheli iphonononge "uMgaqo-nkqubo weNkxaso yezeMali we-Shenzhen New Energy Automobile" yafumanisa ukuba useto olusemgangathweni lweSixeko sase-Shenzhen senkxaso-mali yokubuyisela iibhetri ze-lithium ezinamandla. Ngokukodwa, kukho iinkampani ezithengisa izithuthi zamandla amatsha e-Shenzhen, kubandakanywa iinkampani zemveliso zasekhaya kunye neenkampani zokuvelisa intsimi, e-Shenzhen, inkampani yokuthengisa umntu osemthethweni, kufuneka isekelwe kwi-20 yuan / kW, i-akhawunti ekhethekileyo yokugcinwa kwebhetri yokugcina amandla.

Ngokubhekiselele kwiimfuno zokufunyanwa kwakhona kwebhetri yogcino lwamandla, i-50% yemali eqinisekisiweyo ephicothiweyo iye yaxhaswa. Ngokutsho kwe "Shenzhen New Energy Automobile Financial Support Policy", kunokufunyaniswa ukuba into yamandla i-lithium yokubuyisela ibhetri yenkxaso-mali yinkampani yokuvelisa iimoto: iNew Energy Automobile Production Co., Ltd.

ithatha uxanduva oluphambili lokubuyiswa kwebhetri yogcino lwamandla, malunga neakhawunti ekhethekileyo efunekayo yokugcina amandla ebhetri yokubuyisela imali yokubuyisela imali Inkampani yokuvelisa imoto, iKhomishoni yoPhuhliso kunye noHlaziyo lweShenzhen iya kubaxhasa ngokwemigaqo. Ngapha koko, i-Shenzhen isandul&39; ukusekwa kwindlela yokubuyisela ibhetri ye-lithium. Ngo-Epreli 2018, i-Shenzhen yakhupha "iSixeko saseShenzhen ukuba siqhube ulawulo lwelizwe elitsha lemoto yamandla e-lithium ibhetri kunye nenkqubo yokuphinda isetyenziswe indlela yokulinganisa umsebenzi wokulinga (2018-2020)", ukugqiba injongo yophuhliso, kunye nokuphumeza amandla amatsha kuzo zonke iinkxaso ezibandakanyayo ngo-2020 ubomi obugcweleyo bolawulo lwe-automobile power lithium ibhetri ye-lithium regulatory regulatory system.

Kwishishini, oku kucetywayo ukubonelela ngenkxaso-mali yokuphinda isetyenziswe ibhetri ye-lithium yamandla. Ityala lereferensi. Amandla amakhulu emarike angahlali phantsi aboniswa ukuba inani lilonke lezithuthi zamandla amatsha ngo-2009 ukuya kowama-2012 zimalunga ne-17,000 yezithuthi.

Emva kokudibanisa ibhetri ye-lithium yamandla, malunga ne-1.2GWH (malunga ne-1.2 yezigidi ze-kWh); ekuqaleni kuka-2013 waqala ukukhuthaza iimoto ezintsha ze-Energy, imoto yokuqala entsha yamandla yangena ngokusemthethweni kwimarike, njengoko ekupheleni kuka-2018, ukukhuthazwa okuqokelelweyo kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha angaphezu kwezigidi ezi-3, kuhlanganiswe ibhetri yokugcina amandla ngaphezu kwe-147GWH (malunga ne-147 yezigidi ze-KHH).

Ngokwexesha le-inshurensi yeshishini lemoto, i-lithium yebhetri eguquguqukayo yomjikelo wobomi, ukusetyenziswa kokunxitywa kwezithuthi, ubomi bemoto yabakhweli yamandla amatsha ebhetri ye-lithium eguquguqukayo ngokuqhelekileyo yiminyaka emi-4 ukuya kwe-6, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwebhetri yemoto yorhwebo i-lithium ibhetri iMfutshane, malunga ne-2 ~ 3 iminyaka. Ke ngoko, akukho mathandabuzo ukuba ibhetri yokuqala yamandla emoto ye-lithium sele iza kungenisa i-tide enkulu yomhlalaphantsi. Amandla ebhetri ye-lithium sele eza kuphelisa, abangaphakathi kwishishini bakholelwa ukuba i-pilot ye-lithium yokuphinda isetyenziswe kwakhona ibhetri inamandla ophuhliso, ekulindeleke ukuba idlule kwi-yuan yeebhiliyoni ezili-10 kwimarike ngo-2020, 2022 okanye Ngaphezu kwe-30 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan.

Ngaphantsi kwezinto ezininzi ezifana nokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo, imfuno engaphezulu kunye nomqhubi womdla, inqanaba likazwelonke liye laqala ukukhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kweshishini eliguquguqukayo le-lithium yokubuyisela ibhetri. Kwi-2018, inqanaba likazwelonke likhuphe "iMiqathango yeThutyana yoLawulo lwe-New Energy Automobile Power yeBattery Recycling Management" kunye "neNdlela yokuHlaziywa ngokutsha kweBattery yaMandla oMbane we-Energy Automobile kunye nokuSetyenziswa", ecacisa injongo yophuhliso, kunye nokuseka inkqubo ebanzi yokuhlaziya ibhetri yamandla, uphonononge Ukuqulunqa imodeli yogcino lwebhetri ye-utisi entsha kwishishini. Nangona umgaqo-nkqubo ucacile, ukubuyiswa kwebhetri ye-lithium yangoku kuphelile.

Iindleko zokuphinda zisetyenziselwe umngcipheko ophezulu kufuneka zisonjululwe kwimbono yoshishino, kwaye iingxaki ezibalulekileyo ekunzima ukuzifumana kunye nokusetyenziswa kwakhona kophuhliso lweebhetri ze-lithium zamandla zixabisa kakhulu. Ngokuphathelele ukutywinwa kwebhetri yenkunkuma yokwahlula, iindleko zokuhlengahlengiswa ziphezulu; kunye nophuhliso lwesibini lwebhetri yokuqala lukwayiprojekthi yeendleko eziphezulu. Akunjalo kuphela, kukho ingozi enkulu yokhuseleko ekuhlengahlengisweni kweebhetri zenkunkuma, kwaye kukho ingozi enkulu yokhuseleko kwinkqubo yohlengahlengiso.

Ukongeza, ukunqongophala kwamandla etekhnoloji yokubuyisela ibhetri ye-lithium, inkqubo engaqhelekanga yamashishini anxulumeneyo, kunye neengxaki zamandla ovavanyo lwe-lithium yokubuyisela ibhetri, ukungabikho kolwakhiwo lwenkqubo yokubeka iliso nako kunciphisa uphuhliso lokuhlaziya kunye nokusetyenziswa kwakhona kwebhetri ye-lithium yamandla. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uthethwano lomsebenzisi alukho, aluqapheli ukubaluleka kwamandla e-lithium ukubuyiswa kwebhetri, ukuqinisa ngakumbi ukuqaphela. I-Shenzhen yangoku isebenzisa izibonelelo zemali ukukhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kweebhetri ze-lithium ezinamandla, okanye iya kunika iingcamango ezintsha zokuphuhliswa kwamandla asekhaya i-lithium ibhetri yokuphinda isetyenziswe kunye nokusetyenziswa kwakhona, kodwa uphuhliso lweshishini alukwazi ukuhlala luthembele kwinkxaso-mali, kwaye ekugqibeleni lubuyele kwindalo yemarike.

Ngeli xesha, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusombulula ingxaki yeshishini ngokwalo. Kwi-2014, izithuthi zombane zaqala ukulinganisa, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kweebhetri ze-lithium ezinamandla ngokuqhelekileyo iminyaka emi-5-8. Inxalenye enkulu yebhetri ijongene nokupheliswa kwamanqaku abalulekileyo, oku kuthetha ukuba ibhetri ye-lithium yamandla ukusuka kulo ngomso, inokuthi ingene kwi-tide yengxelo enkulu.

U-He Zhuhui, umphandi, u-He Zhuhui, uthe, ukongeza kwimeko-bume ephambili kwinkampani ye-lead-asidi ukunyathela ukusetyenzwa kweebhetri ze-lithium-ion kunye namashishini amatsha amandla, ukuphinda kusetyenziswe amandla amatsha okugcina amandla eebhetri zemoto yingxaki engxamisekileyo. Ngokwesimo sezulu seZiko loPhando lweTekhnoloji yelizwe lam, lidityaniswe neminyaka eyi-car scrap, amandla ebhetri ye-lithium, njl. Ubungakanani okanye ubungakanani beetoni ezingama-350,000.

Ngokwamaziko afanelekileyo, ubungakanani bokubuyiswa kwebhetri buza kufikelela malunga ne-6.5 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan ngo-2020, kubandakanywa malunga ne-4.1 yeebhiliyoni, isikali semarike simalunga neebhiliyoni ezingama-41, kwaye ubungakanani bemarike yokusetyenziswa ngokutsha yi-2.

4 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan. Ngo-2023, isikali semakethi siya kufikelela kwi-15 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, apho ubungakanani bamanyathelo emarike bumalunga ne-5.7 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, kwaye ubungakanani bokusetyenziswa obuhlaziyiweyo bumalunga ne-9.

3 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan. Indlela yokufumana isiqwenga sekomityi yamandla emakethe ye-lithium yokubuyisela ibhetri kwaye ileli iya kuba yindawo eshushu kwimarike elandelayo. .