Libetri tsa motlakase li tlohetsoe, &39;me Shenzhen e tla theha lithuso tsa ho e sebelisa hape

Tác giả ：Iflowpower – Добављач преносних електрана

Ha ke buisana ka ho hlahisoa ha leano le lecha la 2019 la liphallelo tsa koloi ea matla ho indasteri, leano la lithuso la lehae la Shenzhen 2018 le sa tsoa lokolloa. Haufinyane tjena, Shenzhen Municipal Finance Committee, Shenzhen Development and Reform Commission e kopanetsoe "Shenzhen 2018 New Energy Automobile Promotion Application Finance Support Policy" ("Shenzhen New Energy Automobile Financial Support Policy"), kakaretso ea maano a mararo a lithuso, ho kenyeletsoa lithuso tsa ho reka Koloi, lisebelisoa tsa ho lefisa lithuso tsa kaho le matla a tlase a lithium betri. Nakong ena, e hlahisoa ka ho hlaka lithuso tsa pholisi, &39;me Shenzhen e boetse e fetohile motse oa pele o thehileng thuso e matla ea ho khutlisa betri ea lithium.

Ha e le hantle, ha sehlopha sa pele sa matla a lithium betri se se se le haufi le ho tlohela mosebetsi, ho tsosolosoa le ho sebelisoa hape ha betri ea lithium e &39;nile ea e-ba taba e chesang ea mathata a indasteri. 1 kW, lithuso tsa li-yuan tse 20, ho tlalehoa hore leano la thuso ea "Shenzhen New Energy Automobile Financial Support Policy" le arotsoe ka mekhahlelo e meraro, eo 12 ho ea ho June 11, 2018 e leng nako ea phetoho, le ho thibela selemo. Pholisi thipa le ho itšeha; ho phaella ho koloi ea betri ea matla a mafura, likoloi tse ncha tsa bapalami, bapalami ba hloekileng ba motlakase, literaka tse hloekileng tsa motlakase le likoloi tse khethehileng li na le ho fokotseha ho hoholo, empa ho tsoela pele ho ntlafatsa le ho ntlafatsa boemo ba lithuso tsa kaho bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa ho lefisa.

Ho feta moo, ke habohlokoa ho bolela hore Motse oa Shenzhen o thehile thuso e matla ea ho tsosolosa betri ea lithium, &39;me Shenzhen e boetse e fetohile motse oa pele oa Chaena o thehileng thuso e matla ea ho khutlisa betri ea lithium. Liphuputso tsa moqolotsi oa litaba oa Beijing News "Shenzhen New Energy Automobile Financial Support Policy" li fumane hore litlhophiso tse tloaelehileng tsa Toropo ea Shenzhen bakeng sa lithuso tsa phepelo ea libeteri tsa lithium tse matla. Ka ho khetheha, ho na le lik&39;hamphani tse rekisang likoloi tse ncha tsa matla Shenzhen, ho kenyelletsa le lik&39;hamphani tsa tlhahiso ea lehae le lik&39;hamphani tsa tlhahiso ea masimo, Shenzhen, e leng k&39;hamphani ea molao ea thekiso ea motho, e lokela ho thehoa ho 20 yuan / kW, akhaonto e khethehileng ea ho boloka matla a betri.

Mabapi le litlhoko tsa ho khutlisa betri ea polokelo ea matla, 50% ea chelete e hlahlobiloeng e ile ea tšehetsoa. Ho ea ka "Shenzhen New Energy Automobile Financial Support Policy", ho ka fumanoa hore sepheo sa lithuso tsa matla a lithium betri ke k&39;hamphani ea tlhahiso ea likoloi: New Energy Automobile Production Co., Ltd.

e nka boikarabello bo ka sehloohong ba ho hlaphoheloa ha betri ea polokelo ea matla, mabapi le ak&39;haonte e khethehileng e hlokahalang bakeng sa polokelo ea matla ea betri ea ho khutlisa chelete K&39;hamphani ea tlhahiso ea likoloi, Khomishene ea Ntlafatso le Phetoho ea Shenzhen e tla li tšehetsa ho latela lits&39;ebetso. Ebile, Shenzhen e sa le qalong ea moralo oa matla a ho hlaphoheloa ha betri ea lithium. Ka Mmesa 2018, Shenzhen e ile ea fana ka "Motse oa Shenzhen ho etsa taolo ea naha e ncha ea matla a koloi ea matla a lithium betri le mokhoa oa ts&39;ebetso ea ts&39;ebetso ea ho nchafatsa (2018-2020)", fumana sepheo sa nts&39;etsopele, le ho fihlela matla a macha bakeng sa lithuso tsohle tse kenyellelitsoeng ka 2020.

Ka indasteri, sena se reretsoe ho fana ka thuso bakeng sa ho tsosolosa matla a lithium betri. Reference case. Bokhoni bo boholo ba &39;maraka o sa tloheleng mosebetsi bo bonts&39;oa hore kakaretso ea makoloi a macha a matla ka 2009 ho isa ho 2012 ke likoloi tse ka bang 17,000.

Ka mor&39;a ho bokella matla a lithium betri, e ka bang 1.2GWH (hoo e ka bang limilione tse 1.2 kWh); qalong ea 2013 e qalile ho nts&39;etsapele likoloi tse ncha tsa Matla, koloi ea pele e ncha ea matla e kene &39;marakeng ka molao, ho elella bofelong ba selemo sa 2018, kholiso e akaretsang ea likoloi tse ncha tse fetang limilione tse 3, e bokelletse betri ea polokelo ea matla ho feta 147GWH (e ka bang limilione tse 147 KWH).

Ho ea ka nako ea inshorense ea khoebo ea koloi, nako e matla ea "lithium battery cycle lifecycle", tšebeliso ea likoloi, bophelo ba koloi e ncha ea matla a matla a lithium betri hangata ke lilemo tse 4 ho isa ho tse 6, &39;me tšebeliso ea matla a koloi ea lithium libeteri ke nako e khutšoanyane, hoo e ka bang lilemo tse 2-3. Ka hona, ha ho pelaelo hore betri ea pele e ncha ea matla a koloi ea lithium e haufi le ho tlisa leqhubu le leholo la ho tlohela mosebetsi. Matla a lithium betri a se a le haufi le ho felisa, ba kenang indastering ba lumela hore &39;maraka oa mofofisi oa lithium battery recycling le ho sebelisa hape o na le menyetla e meholo ea nts&39;etsopele, e lebelletsoeng ho feta li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 10&39; marakeng ka 2020, 2022 kapa ho feta li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 30.

Tlas&39;a lintlha tse ngata tse kang ts&39;ireletso ea tikoloho, tlhokahalo e eketsehileng le mokhanni oa thahasello, boemo ba naha le bona bo se bo qalile ho khothalletsa nts&39;etsopele ea khoebo e matla ea lithium battery recycling. Ka selemo sa 2018, boemo ba naha bo fane ka "Mehato ea Nakoana bakeng sa Tsamaiso ea New Energy Automobile Power Battery Recycling Management" le "Mokhoa oa ho Recycling of New Energy Automobile Power Battery Recycling and Utilization", e hlakisang sepheo sa nts&39;etsopele, le ho theha sistimi e felletseng ea ts&39;ebetso ea betri ea matla, ho hlahloba mokhoa oa ts&39;ebelisano-mmoho ea ts&39;ebelisano ea matla a betri. Le hoja leano le hlakile, ho hlaphoheloa ha betri ea lithium hona joale ho ntse ho lieha.

Litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa ho tsosolosa li hloka ho rarolloa ponong ea indasteri, &39;me mathata a bohlokoa ao ho leng thata ho a fumana le ho tsosolosa nts&39;etsopele ea matla a matla a lithium libeteri ke theko e phahameng. Mabapi le ho tiisoa ha betri ea litšila bakeng sa ho arohana, litšenyehelo tsa ho hlophisa bocha li phahame; &39;me tsoelo-pele ea bobeli ea betri ea pele le eona ke morero oa litšenyehelo tse phahameng. Hase feela hoo, ho na le kotsi e kholo ea tšireletso ho hlophisoeng bocha ha libeteri tsa litšila, &39;me ho na le kotsi e kholo ea ts&39;ireletso ts&39;ebetsong ea ho hlophisa bocha.

Ntle le moo, khaello e batlang e le ea matla a theknoloji ea lithium betri ea ho hlaphoheloa, sistimi e sa tloaelehang ea liindasteri tse amanang, le mathata a tlhahlobo ea matla a matla a lithium betri, lekhalo la kaho ea sistimi ea taolo le eona e fokotsa nts&39;etsopele ea ho nchafatsa le ho sebelisoa hape ha betri ea lithium. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, puisano ea mosebedisi ha e sebetse, ha e lemohe bohlokoa ba matla a lithium betri ho hlaphoheloa, ho matlafatsa ka ho eketsehileng kananelo. Hona joale Shenzhen e sebelisa lithuso tsa lichelete ho ntšetsa pele nts&39;etsopele ea libeteri tse matla tsa lithium, kapa e tla fana ka maikutlo a macha bakeng sa nts&39;etsopele ea matla a lehae a lithium betri recycling le ho sebelisoa hape, empa nts&39;etsopele ea indasteri e ke ke ea itšetleha kamehla ka lithuso tsa lichelete, &39;me qetellong e khutlela ho tlhaho ea&39; maraka.

Nakong ena, ho bohlokoa haholo ho rarolla bothata ba indasteri ka boeona. Ka 2014, likoloi tsa motlakase li ile tsa qala ho eketseha, &39;me tšebeliso ea libeteri tse matla tsa lithium hangata ke lilemo tse 5-8. Karolo e kholo ea betri e tobane le ho felisoa ha lintlha tse mahlonoko, ho bolelang hore betri ea lithium ho tloha hosane, e kanna ea kena leqhubu le leholo la tlaleho.

He Zhuhui, mofuputsi, He Zhuhui, o itse, ho phaella tikolohong e ka sehloohong k&39;hamphaning ea lead-acid ho phahamisa moralo oa libeteri tsa lithium-ion le liindasteri tse ncha tsa matla, ho tsosolosoa ha libeteri tse ncha tsa matla a ho boloka matla a koloi ke bothata bo potlakileng. Ho ea ka ponelopele ea Setsi sa Patlisiso sa Theknoloji ea Likoloi sa naha ea heso, se kopantsoeng le lilemo tsa maqeba a koloi, bophelo ba betri ea lithium, joalo-joalo. Boholo kapa boholo ba lithane tse 350,000.

Ho latela litsi tse amehang, boholo ba ho hlaphoheloa ha betri bo tla fihla ho li-yuan tse ka bang limilione tse likete tse 6.5 ka 2020, ho kenyeletsoa tse ka bang limilione tse likete tse 4.1, tekanyo ea mmaraka e ka ba limilione tse likete tse 41, &39;me boholo ba mmaraka o ka nchafatsoang ke 2.

4 limilione tse likete. Ka 2023, tekanyo ea &39;maraka e tla fihla ho li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 15, tseo boholo ba&39; maraka oa tsona bo ka bang li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 5.7, &39;me boholo ba &39;maraka bo ka nchafatsoang bo ka ba 9.

3 limilione tse likete. Mokhoa oa ho fumana sengoathoana sa senoelo sa matla a lithium betri recycling market le lere e tla fetoha sebaka se chesang marakeng o latelang. .