Ibhetri ye-lithium yokutshaja isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukuvumelanisa ukuphinda kusetyenziswe

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - Umhlinzeki Wesiteshi Samandla Esiphathekayo

Ixesha laseBeijing labhengezwa kwiMbasa yeNobel Chemical Award ka-2019, ebibhengezwe izolo ngokuhlwa, kunye nezazinzulu ezintathu ezithe zanegalelo kwiibhetri ze-lithium-ion ezisetyenziswa phantse wonke umntu: uJohn B. Gudarf, M. Stanley Weitan , Ji Ni, bonke bahloselwe ukuba neengcali zasekhaya, kwaye basebenza kakuhle kwiindawo zamandla zamandla.

Ukuhlaziywa ukwenza ibhetri ye-lithium-ion yorhwebo "kulo nyaka amabhaso kwibhetri ye-lithium-ion aphunyeziwe. U-Lin Belin, uNjingalwazi, iSayensi yezeNzululwazi kunye neTekhnoloji yeKholeji, iYunivesithi yaseShanghai yeSayensi kunye neTekhnoloji. Iibhetri zeLithium-ion zifakwe kwimarike phantse iminyaka engama-30, izangqa zezemfundo ziye zaphakama ngenxa yolu kuveliswa kweBhaso leNobel.

Kutheni le nto ibhaso leNobel kwibhetri ye-lithium-ion kulo nyaka? Kucingelwa ukuba oku kungenxa yokusetyenziswa okubanzi kweebhetri ze-lithium-ion kwiimveliso zeselula ezifana neenqwelo zamandla amatsha kwiminyaka yamuva. Ukongeza, inokuthi inxibelelene noxinzelelo lokunciphisa i-carbon dioxide ebangelwa kukutshintsha kwemozulu yehlabathi. "Iqela lethu lipapashe amaphepha" kwiphephancwadi likaJoe ", liqikelela eli xesha ngaphambi kokuba i-2040 ibe ngabantu ngokuncitshiswa kwe-carbon dioxide emission, ukukhusela utshintsho lwemozulu oluyintlekele ngexesha lokugqibela.

Ibhetri yeLithium-ion iyimfuneko kwimowudi entsha yokugcina amandla ekhabhoni ekhutshwayo. "Izazinzulu ezintathu eziphumelele ibhaso zibuyisela ibhetri ye-lithium-ion yorhwebo. M.

UStanley Weitan ngoyena "vulindlela" wokuqala weebhetri ze-lithium ion. Ngo-1970, wasebenzisa i-titanium sulfide njengento efanelekileyo, kwaye i-lithium yesinyithi yasetyenziswa njengento engafanelekanga ye-electrode, eyenza ibhetri ye-lithium ion yokuqala, kodwa ngenxa yokuba kwakungekho kukhethwa kwezinto, ibhetri yokuqala ye-lithium ion kulula kakhulu ukuyidubula. Kwi-1980, uJohn B ¡¤ Gudanaf ucebise ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwee-oxide zetsimbi kwi-electrode efanelekileyo yebhetri, eyona nto ingcono kakhulu ukuphucula ukusebenza kweebhetri ze-lithium-ion.

Nangona kunjalo, akazange aphuhlise ibhetri ye-lithium-ion yorhwebo. Kuze kube yi-1985, xa i-3 ye-Note Award - i-Ji Ni idityaniswe ne-lithium yesinyithi kunye ne-carbon material njengebhetri, iyisombulula ngokwenene ingxaki yokhuseleko lweebhetri ze-lithium-ion. Ukusukela ngoko, i-lithium ihamba ngokwenene kwaye iguqula ubomi babantu.

Enyanisweni, uJiang Hao, usekela-mlawuli weemoto zombane ze-TSLA zamva nje, kunye neLabhoratri ePhambili ye-Ultrafine Material Preparation kunye neSicelo soMphathiswa weMfundo, uMphathiswa wezeMfundo, ufunda, yinto efanelekileyo ye-novel compound "lithium nickellate", ukunciphisa isinyithi esixabisekileyo. Umlinganiselo we-cobalt unyusa umlinganiselo we-nickel ukuya kwi-80% okanye nangaphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, ayinakuphikiswa ukuba ibhetri ye-lithium-ion ayiqhekezwanga ngokwesiseko soyilo olucetywayo nguGudarf.

Nangona kunjalo, u-Su Lin, unjingalwazi we-Energy and Power Engineering College ye-Shanghai University of Technology, ukhoyo ukuba i-lithium yangoku iyancipha kakhulu, kwaye iyingxenye ye-trace element. "Ukuba zonke iiligments zomhlaba wangoku zisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa izithuthi zombane zamandla amatsha, zinokuhlangana kuphela ngamashumi ezigidi zezithuthi zamandla amatsha. Ke ngoko, ngelixa ibhetri ye-lithium-ion isetyenziswa kakhulu, kufuneka idityaniswe ukuze isebenze.

Uphando lwezeNzululwazi alukho iinzame zosuku zokumamela iChemical Nobold. Wamema uM. UStanley Witly Han ukuya eShanghai, waya eShaoxing ukuba athathe inxaxheba kwi-14th China-US Electric Automotive and Battery Technology Information Exchange Conference.

"Mna noWeitan Han kufuneka sibone amaxesha amaninzi ngonyaka." "U-Yoshino uphinde wamema ukuba atyelele i-Shanghai, kwaye ndiziva ngokukhawuleza ekuphuhliseni iibhetri ze-lithium-ion kunye neenqwelo zamandla amatsha, kwaye ukuvavanya umenzi webhetri ye-lithium-ion yelizwe lam kuphezulu kakhulu.

Wahleka, ngoncedo lwamandla obuchwephesha baseJapan, ibhetri ye-lithium-ion inempumelelo enkulu kwi-R <000000> D, kunye nenkampani yelizwe lam nayo isemhlabeni, ivumela ibhetri ye-lithium-ion iphinde iphinde iphinde ibekwe ikamva, "nangona ubuchule bamawaka eteknoloji, nangona kunjalo, Uphononongo aluyiyo imini yemini, kwaye luyinyani yesayensi kunye neteknoloji. “Iqela lophando lelizwe lam nalo linegalelo. Iprojekthi ye "Biracelium" yeqela le-Mitalifeng igqibe "i-British-powered lithium ibhetri yemveliso kunye nenkqubo yesicelo sayo" iprojekthi, kulo nyaka iphumelele ibhaso lesibini leSayensi yeSizwe kunye neTekhnoloji yeNkqubela.

Wathi nokuba isithuthi samandla amatsha, ukuthutha kaloliwe, ilori yezothutho kunye nezinye izixhobo zothutho zombane, kunye nenkqubo yokugcina igridi ehlakaniphile, uphando lwelizwe lam kunye nophuhliso kunye nemveliso kwintsimi ye-lithium ye-iron phosphate ion izicelo zebhetri ziye zaba phambi kwehlabathi. "Ubuchule obutsha abuzalwanga ngexesha lokuphefumlelwa, kodwa ngokuthe ngcembe luphuhliswa ngokwesiseko sophononongo oluqhubekayo kunye nokuziqhelanisa noninzi lwabaphandi. .