Kev tshawb nrhiav thiab kev nce qib ntawm cov hlau rov qab hauv cov roj teeb lithium ion pov tseg

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - Портативті электр станциясының жеткізушісі

Lub zog thiab ib puag ncig yog ob qhov teeb meem loj uas tau ntsib nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 21st, kev txhim kho lub zog tshiab thiab cov peev txheej yog lub hauv paus thiab kev coj ntawm tib neeg kev tsim kho kom ruaj khov. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, cov roj teeb lithium-ion tau siv dav vim lub teeb pom kev zoo, ntim me me, tso tawm tus kheej, tsis muaj kev nco, kev ua haujlwm kub ntau, ceev ceev thiab tawm, lub neej ua haujlwm ntev, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab lwm yam zoo. Qhov ntxov tshaj plaws Whittingham ua thawj lithium-ion roj teeb siv Li-TIS system, hauv 1990, nws tau tsim ntau tshaj 40 xyoo txij li xyoo 1990, tau ua tiav zoo.

Raws li kev txheeb cais, tag nrho cov roj teeb lithium-ion hauv kuv lub tebchaws nyob rau lub Rau Hli 2017 yog 8.99 billion, nrog rau qhov nce ntxiv ntawm 34.6%.

Thoob ntiaj teb, lithium-ion roj teeb nyob rau hauv lub aerospace fais fab teb tau nkag mus rau hauv engineering daim ntawv thov theem, thiab qee lub tuam txhab thiab cov tub rog hauv lub ntiaj teb tau tsim nyob rau hauv qhov chaw rau lithium-ion roj teeb, xws li Tebchaws Meskas, National Aeronautics thiab Space Administration (NASA), EAGLE -Picher roj teeb tuam txhab, Fabkis SAFT, Nyiv JAXA, thiab lwm yam. Nrog rau kev siv dav ntawm cov roj teeb lithium ion, muaj ntau thiab ntau ntau ntawm cov roj teeb pov tseg. Nws cia siab tias ua ntej thiab tom qab 2020, kuv lub teb chaws tsuas yog hluav taws xob ntshiab (suav nrog plug-in) neeg nrog caij tsheb thiab hybrid neeg caij tsheb fais fab lithium roj teeb yog 12-77 lab T.

Txawm hais tias lub roj teeb lithium-ion hu ua roj teeb ntsuab, tsis muaj teeb meem xws li Hg, PB, tab sis nws cov khoom zoo, cov tshuaj electrolyte, thiab lwm yam, uas ua rau muaj kuab paug rau ib puag ncig, thiab tseem ua rau cov khoom siv pov tseg. Yog li ntawd, tshuaj xyuas cov txheej txheem ntawm cov txheej txheem rov qab kho cov roj lithium-ion pov tseg hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws, thiab sau cov lus qhia txog kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem pov tseg lithium-ion roj teeb rov qab, nws muaj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov tswv yim tseem ceeb.

Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov roj teeb lithium-ion muaj xws li cov vaj tsev, cov khoom siv electrolyte, cov khoom siv anode, cov khoom siv cathode, cov nplaum nplaum, cov ntawv ci tooj liab, thiab cov ntawv txhuas txhuas, thiab lwm yam. Ntawm lawv, CO, Li, Ni pawg feem ntau yog 5% mus rau 15%, 2% mus rau 7%, 0.5% mus rau 2%, nrog rau cov khoom hlau xws li Al, Cu, Fe, thiab tus nqi ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb, cov anode Cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv cathode suav txog li 33% thiab 10%, thiab cov electrolyte thiab cov diaphragm .3012%.

Cov hlau tseem ceeb hauv cov roj teeb lithium ion pov tseg yog Co thiab Li, tseem ceeb cobalt lithium zaj duab xis ntawm cov khoom siv anode. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kuv lub teb chaws cov peev txheej cobalt kuj tsis zoo, kev txhim kho thiab kev siv yog qhov nyuaj, thiab feem ntau ntawm cobalt hauv lithium-ion roj teeb suav txog li 15%, uas yog 850 npaug ntawm cov pob zeb cobalt. Tam sim no, daim ntawv thov ntawm LiCoO2 yog lithium ion roj teeb ntawm cov khoom zoo, uas muaj lithium cobalt organte, lithium hexafluorophosphate, organic carbonate, cov khoom siv carbon, tooj liab, txhuas, thiab lwm yam.

, cov ntsiab lus hlau tseem ceeb tau qhia hauv Table 1. Kev siv cov txheej txheem ntub dej los kho cov roj teeb lithium-ion pov tseg tam sim no tau kawm ntau thiab ntau cov txheej txheem, thiab cov txheej txheem ntws tau qhia hauv daim duab 1. Kev paub tseem ceeb 3 theem: 1) Nias lub roj teeb lithium ion rov qab kom rov ua kom tiav, sib cais yooj yim, thiab lwm yam.

Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tau txais tom qab kev kho ua ntej yog yaj, kom cov hlau ntau thiab nws cov khoom sib txuas rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ions rau hauv cov kua leaching; 3) Kev sib cais thiab rov ua kom zoo ntawm cov hlau tseem ceeb hauv cov tshuaj leaching, theem no yog tus yuam sij rau kev pov tseg lithium ion roj teeb kev kho cov txheej txheem Nws tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb thiab nyuaj ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb tau ntau xyoo. Tam sim no, txoj kev sib cais thiab rov qab yog qhov tseem ceeb nrog cov kuab tshuaj extraction, nag lossis daus, electrolysis, ion exchange method, salting thiab etiology. 1.

1, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua ntej ntawm cov hluav taws xob uas tseem tshuav, cov seem seem ntawm cov roj teeb ion, raug tso tawm kom huv si ua ntej ua haujlwm, txwv tsis pub cov hluav taws xob seem yuav mloog zoo rau cov cua kub ntau, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev phom sij xws li kev nyab xeeb. Txoj kev tso tawm ntawm cov roj teeb lithium ion pov tseg tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob hom, uas yog lub cev tawm thiab tshuaj lom neeg. Ntawm lawv, kev tawm ntawm lub cev yog luv luv-circuit tso tawm, feem ntau yog siv cov kua nitrogen thiab lwm yam dej khov ua kom tsis muaj qhov kub thiab txias, thiab tom qab ntawd nias lub qhov yuam kev tawm.

Thaum ntxov, Umicore, Teb Chaws Asmeskas Umicore, TOXCO siv cov kua nitrogen tso tawm cov roj teeb lithium ion pov tseg, tab sis txoj kev no yog siab rau cov khoom siv, tsis haum rau kev lag luam loj; chemical paug yog nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj conductive (ntau tso tawm lub zog nyob rau hauv electrolysis nyob rau hauv NaCl tov. Thaum ntxov, Nan Junmin, thiab lwm yam, muab tso rau monomer pov tseg lithium ion roj teeb rau hauv lub thawv steel ntawm cov dej thiab cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, tab sis txij li cov electrolyte ntawm lithium ion roj teeb muaj LiPF6, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau cuam tshuam nrog dej.

HF, ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau ib puag ncig thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm, yog li nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum ua kom alkaline immersion tam sim ntawd tom qab tso tawm. Hauv xyoo tas los no, Song Xiuling, thiab lwm yam. Lub concentration ntawm 2g / L, lub sij hawm tso tawm yog 8h, qhov kawg consolidation voltage yog txo mus rau 0.

54V, ua tau raws li kev tso tawm ntsuab ntsuab. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj yog txo qis, kev khiav hauj lwm yog yooj yim, muaj peev xwm ua tau raws li daim ntawv thov ntawm loj-scale paug, tab sis cov electrolyte muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov hlau vaj tse thiab khoom siv. 1.

2, tus txheej txheem ntawm kev sib cais thiab fragmentation yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev cais cov khoom siv electrode los ntawm ntau theem crushing, tshuaj ntsuam xyuas, thiab lwm yam. los ntawm ntau theem crushing, tshuaj ntsuam xyuas, thiab lwm yam. los ntawm ntau theem crushing, tshuaj ntsuam xyuas, thiab lwm yam.

, los pab txhawb kev siv hluav taws tom qab. Txoj kev, txoj kev ntub dej, thiab lwm yam. Mechanical cais txoj kev yog ib txoj kev pretreatment uas feem ntau siv, yooj yim mus cuag loj-scale industrial rov kho cov pov tseg lithium-ion roj teeb.

SHIN li al., Los ntawm crushing, tshuaj ntsuam, sib nqus sib nqus, nplua pulverizing thiab kev faib cov txheej txheem kom ua tiav LiCoO2 sib cais enrichment. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias qhov rov qab ntawm lub hom phiaj hlau tuaj yeem txhim kho nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo dua, tab sis txij li cov qauv lithium ion roj teeb yog qhov nyuaj, nws yog qhov nyuaj rau cais cov khoom sib cais los ntawm txoj kev no; Li et al.

, Siv hom tshiab ntawm kev sib cais tshuab, kev txhim kho Kev rov ua haujlwm ntawm CO txo lub zog noj thiab muaj kuab paug. Hais txog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib cais, nws tau muab yaug thiab nplawm hauv 55 º C dej da dej, thiab qhov sib tov tau nplawm rau 10 min, thiab qhov tshwm sim 92% cov khoom siv electrode tau sib cais los ntawm cov kua dej tam sim no. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov khoom siv tam sim no tuaj yeem rov qab los ntawm cov hlau.

1.3, txheej txheem ntawm kev kho cua sov kev kho cua sov yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tshem tawm cov organic teeb meem, toner, thiab lwm yam., toner, thiab lwm yam.

ntawm cov roj teeb lithium ion pov tseg, thiab kev sib cais rau cov khoom siv electrode thiab cov kua dej tam sim no. Txoj kev kho cua sov tam sim no feem ntau yog qhov kub thiab txias qhov kev kho cua sov, tab sis muaj qhov teeb meem ntawm kev sib cais tsawg, ib puag ncig muaj kuab paug, thiab lwm yam, txhawm rau txhim kho cov txheej txheem ntxiv, nyob rau xyoo tas los no, kev tshawb fawb muaj ntau thiab ntau dua.

SUN et al., Lub tshuab nqus tsev pyrolysis siab kub, cov khoom siv roj teeb pov tseg tau khaws rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev ua ntej pulverizing, thiab qhov kub ntawm 10 ° C mus rau 600 ° C rau 30 min, thiab cov organic teeb meem yog decomposed nyob rau hauv ib tug me me molecule kua los yog roj. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg sib cais.

Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, LiCoO2 txheej dhau los ua xoob thiab yooj yim cais tawm ntawm cov ntawv txhuas tom qab cua sov, uas yog qhov zoo rau qhov kawg inorganic hlau oxide. Pretreatment ntawm pov tseg lithium ion roj teeb khoom zoo. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias thaum lub kaw lus tsawg dua 1.

0 kPa, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kub yog 600 º C, lub sij hawm tshuaj tiv thaiv yog 30 min, cov organic binder tuaj yeem tshem tau ntau, thiab feem ntau ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo yog cais tawm ntawm cov ntawv ci txhuas, cov ntawv txhuas txhuas yog khaws cia kom ruaj. Piv nrog rau cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov, lub tshuab nqus tsev pyrolysis siab tuaj yeem rov qab tau sib cais, txhim kho kev siv cov peev txheej, thaum tiv thaiv cov pa phem los ntawm cov khoom siv organic los ntawm decomposing ua rau muaj kab mob ntawm ib puag ncig, tab sis cov cuab yeej siv siab, complex, industrialization Promotion muaj qee yam kev txwv. 1.

4. Feem ntau cov PVDF ntawm cov hluav taws xob tawg ntawm cov kuab tshuaj muaj zog polar organic hnyav, kom cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo yog cais tawm ntawm cov kua dej txhuas tam sim no. Liang Lijun tau xaiv ntau hom polar organic solvents rau kev sib tsoo cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo, thiab pom tias cov kuab tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws yog N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), thiab cov khoom siv electrode zoo LIFEPO4 thiab cov pa roj carbon sib xyaw tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov zoo.

Nws yog tag nrho cais los ntawm aluminium ntawv ci; Hanisch li al, siv txoj kev sib cais kom huv si xaiv cov electrode tom qab kev kho cua sov thiab kev sib cais ntawm kev sib cais thiab kev tshuaj ntsuam. Cov electrode raug kho ntawm 90 º C hauv NMP rau 10 mus rau 20 min. Tom qab rov ua dua 6 zaug, cov binder hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem yaj tag, thiab cov nyhuv sib cais tau zoo dua.

Lub solubility yog piv rau lwm txoj kev kho ua ntej, thiab kev ua haujlwm yog yooj yim, thiab nws tuaj yeem txhim kho cov nyhuv sib cais thiab rov qab zoo dua, thiab cov ntawv thov kev lag luam zoo dua. Tam sim no, cov binder feem ntau yog siv los ntawm NMP, uas yog qhov zoo dua, tab sis vim tsis muaj nqi, tsis muaj zog, tsis muaj tshuaj lom, thiab lwm yam, rau qee qhov, rau qee qhov, nws daim ntawv thov kev lag luam nce qib.

Cov txheej txheem leaching dissolution yog kom yaj cov khoom siv electrode tau tom qab pretreatment, kom cov hlau nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv electrode mus rau hauv cov kev daws teeb meem nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ions, thiab ces xaiv cais los ntawm ntau yam kev sib cais thiab recovers tseem ceeb hlau CO, Li li al. Cov txheej txheem ntawm yaj leaching Tseem ceeb muaj xws li tshuaj leaching thiab lom leaching. 2.

1, chemical leaching cov pa tshuaj leaching txoj kev yog kom ua tiav cov txheej txheem leaching ntawm cov ntaub ntawv electrode los ntawm acid immersion los yog alkaline immersion, thiab nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj xws li ib kauj ruam leaching txoj kev thiab ob-kauj ruam leaching txoj kev. Ib-kauj ruam leaching txoj kev feem ntau yog siv cov inorganic acid HCl, HNO3, H2SO4, thiab cov zoo li kom yaj cov khoom electrode ncaj qha mus rau cov khoom siv electrode, tab sis xws li ib txoj kev yuav muaj teeb meem gases xws li CL2, SO2, thiaj li hais tias cov pa pa kho. Txoj kev tshawb nrhiav pom tias H2O2, Na2S2O3 thiab lwm cov tshuaj txo qis xws li H2O2, Na2S2O3 tau ntxiv rau cov leaching tus neeg sawv cev, thiab qhov teeb meem no tuaj yeem daws tau zoo, thiab CO3 + kuj yooj yim rau yaj CO2 + hauv cov kua leaching, yog li ua kom cov leaching tus nqi.

Pan Xiaoyong et al. Txais yuav H2SO4-Na2S2O3 system rau cov khoom siv electrode, sib cais thiab rov qab CO, Li. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias H + concentration ntawm 3 mol / L, Na2S2O3 concentration ntawm 0.

25 mol / L, kua khoom piv 15: 1, 90 ¡ã C, CO, Li leaching tus nqi siab tshaj 97%; Chen Liang et al, H2SO4 + H2O2 tau leached Leaching cov tshuaj nquag. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias cov kua dej sib piv yog 10: 1, H2SO4 concentration 2.5 mol / l, H2O2 ntxiv los ntawm 2.

0 ml / g (hmoov), kub 85 ¡ã C, leaching lub sij hawm ntawm 120 min, Co, Ni thiab Mn, 97%, feem, 98% thiab 96%; Lu Xiuuan et al. Txhawm rau tshem tawm kev siv H2SO4 + Raised tus neeg sawv cev rau cov khoom pov tseg high-nickel lithium-ion roj teeb zoo electrode (lini0.6CO0.

2Mn0.2O2), tau kawm txog kev txo cov neeg ua haujlwm sib txawv (H2O2, qabzib thiab Na2SO3) ntawm cov teebmeem hlau leaching. cawv.

Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias nyob rau hauv qhov tsim nyog tshaj plaws, H2O2 yog siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev txo qis, thiab cov nyhuv leaching ntawm cov hlau tseem ceeb yog 100%, 96.79%, 98.62%, 97%, feem.

Kev pom zoo, siv cov kua qaub-txo cov neeg ua haujlwm raws li cov txheej txheem leaching, nws yog cov txheej txheem leaching tseem ceeb ntawm cov kev kho mob tam sim no ntawm cov roj ntsha lithium-ion vim qhov zoo ntawm cov kua qaub ncaj qha immersion, siab dua leaching tus nqi, ceev cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab lwm yam. Txoj kev leaching ob-kauj ruam yog ua kom alkali leaching tom qab ib qho yooj yim pre-kho, kom Al nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm NaAlO2 nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm NaAlO2, thiab ces ntxiv ib tug txo tus neeg sawv cev H2O2 los yog Na2S2O3 raws li ib tug leaching kua, tau leaching kua yog kho los ntawm kev kho cov pH, xaiv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm NaAlO2, thiab ces ntxiv ib tug txo tus neeg sawv cev H2O2 los yog Na2S2O3 raws li ib tug leaching kua, tau txais cov leaching kua yog kho los ntawm kev kho cov pH, xaiv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov kua liquant thiab muab sib cais los ntawm leej niam. thiab kev sib cais. Deng Chao Yong et al.

Tau ua tiav siv 10% NaOH tov, thiab Al leaching tus nqi yog 96.5%, 2 mol / L H2SO4 thiab 30% H2O2 yog acid immersion, thiab CO leaching tus nqi yog 98.8%.

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus leaching yog raws li nram no: 2licoo2 + 3H2SO4 + H2O2→Li2SO4 + 2CoSO4 + 4H2O + O2 yuav tau txais los ntawm cov tshuaj leaching, nrog rau ntau theem kev rho tawm, thiab qhov kawg CO rov qab mus txog 98%. Cov txheej txheem yog yooj yim, yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam, me me corrosion, tsawg muaj kuab paug. 2.

2, Biological Leaching Law Raws li kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis, thev naus laus zis biometrial muaj kev txhim kho zoo dua thiab kev cia siab rau daim ntawv thov vim nws qhov kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig zoo, tus nqi qis. Biological leaching txoj kev yog raws li oxidation ntawm cov kab mob, kom cov hlau mus rau hauv cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ions. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, qee cov kws tshawb fawb tau kawm txog tus nqi ntawm cov hlau hauv kev siv cov tshuaj lom neeg leaching.

MISHRA et al. Siv cov tshuaj inorganic acid thiab eosubric acid oxide oxide bacillus los ntxuav cov khib nyiab lithium ion roj teeb, siv cov ntsiab lus S thiab Fe2 + ua lub zog, H2SO4 thiab FE3 + thiab lwm yam metabolites nyob rau hauv nruab nrab leaching, thiab siv cov metabolites kom yaj lub qub lithium Ion roj teeb. Txoj kev tshawb nrhiav pom tias CO&39;s biological dissolution tus nqi nrawm dua Li.

Fe2 + tuaj yeem txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm biota, FE3 + thiab hlau hauv cov seem. Cov kua dej ntau dua, piv txwv li

, kev loj hlob tshiab ntawm cov hlau concentration, tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov hlau tawg; MarcináCováEtOAc. Qhov nruab nrab noj qab haus huv yog tsim los ntawm tag nrho cov zaub mov uas xav tau rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob, thiab cov khoom noj uas tsis muaj zog yog siv los ua lub zog hauv H2SO4 thiab cov khoom S. Txoj kev tshawb no pom tias nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig kev noj haus nplua nuj, cov roj ntsha leaching ntawm Li thiab CO yog 80% thiab 67%, feem; nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig khoom noj khoom haus tsawg, tsuas yog 35% Li thiab 10.

5% CO tau yaj. Biological leaching txoj kev piv rau cov tsoos acid-txo tus neeg sawv cev leaching system, muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov nqi qis thiab ntsuab ib puag ncig tiv thaiv, tab sis cov leaching tus nqi ntawm cov hlau tseem ceeb (CO, Li et al.) yog qhov tsawg, thiab kev ua lag luam loj ntawm kev lag luam muaj qee yam kev txwv.

3.1, hnyav extraction method solvent extraction method yog cov txheej txheem tam sim no ntawm kev sib cais thiab rov qab cov hlau ntsiab ntawm cov roj teeb lithium ion pov tseg, uas yog tsim kom muaj kev ruaj khov nrog lub hom phiaj ion hauv cov kua leaching, thiab siv cov kuab tshuaj organic tsim nyog. Cais, kom rho tawm phiaj hlau thiab compound.

Feem ntau siv cov extractants tseem ceeb rau Cyanex272, Acorgam5640, P507, D2EHPA thiab PC-88A, thiab lwm yam. Swain et al. Kawm txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm CYANEX272 extractant concentration ntawm CO, Li.

Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias qhov concentration ntawm 2.5 txog 40 mol / m3, CO tau nce los ntawm 7.15% mus rau 99.

90%, thiab Li&39;s extraction nce los ntawm 1.36% mus rau 7.8%; concentration ntawm 40 mus rau 75 mol / m3, CO extraction tus nqi hauv paus Lub extraction tus nqi ntawm Li yog tshiab ntxiv rau 18%, thiab thaum lub concentration siab tshaj 75 mol / m3, qhov sib cais ntawm CO txo qhov concentration, qhov siab tshaj plaws sib cais yog 15641.

Tom qab ob-kauj ruam txoj kev ntawm Wu Fang, tom qab rho tawm cov extractant P204, P507 tau muab rho tawm los ntawm CO, Li, thiab tom qab ntawd H2SO4 tau thim rov qab, thiab cov extract rov qab tau ntxiv rau Na2CO3 xaiv rov qab Li2CO3. Thaum pH yog 5.5, CO, Li sib cais qhov tseem ceeb mus txog 1×105, CO rov qab yog siab dua 99%; kev et al.

Los ntawm zealic 5% mus rau 20% CO, 5% ~ 7% Li, 5% ~ 10% Ni, 5% organic chemicals thiab 7% yas pov tseg lithium ions Cobalt sulfate yog zoo tu qab tso nyob rau hauv lub roj teeb, thiab cov CO concentration yog 28 g / L, pH yog kho rau 6.5 tswm ciab hlau ion impurities xws li Al. Tom qab ntawd xaiv Extract Co los ntawm purified aqueous theem los ntawm Cyanex 272, thaum pH <6, the separation factor of CO / Li and CO / Ni is close to 750, and the total recovery of CO is about 92%.

Nws tuaj yeem pom tias qhov concentration ntawm cov extractant muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj ntawm qhov kev rho tawm, thiab kev sib cais ntawm cov hlau tseem ceeb (CO thiab Li) tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev tswj cov pH ntawm cov extraction system. Rau lub hauv paus no, kev siv cov txheej txheem sib xyaw ua ke yog kho nrog cov khib nyiab lithium-ion roj teeb, uas tuaj yeem ua tiav cov kev xaiv sib cais thiab rov qab los ntawm cov hlau ions tseem ceeb. PRANOLO li al, ib qho kev sib xyaw extraction system xaiv tau zoo dua Co thiab Li hauv cov roj teeb lithium-ion pov tseg.

Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias 2% (ntim piv) ACORGAM 5640 ntxiv rau 7% (ntim piv) Ionquest801, thiab pH ntawm kev rho tawm Cu tuaj yeem txo qis, thiab Cu, Al, FE yuav raug muab rho tawm mus rau hauv cov organic theem los ntawm kev tswj hwm pH, thiab Siv Kev Sib cais nrog Co, Ni, Li. Tom qab ntawd, pH ntawm lub system tau tswj ntawm 5.5 txog 6.

0, thiab Co selective extraction ntawm CO xaiv extraction, Ni thiab Li hauv cov kua extraction yog negligible; Zhang Xinle et al. Siv los siv acid immersion - extraction - nag lossis daus Co nyob rau hauv ion roj teeb. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias acid dip yog 3.

5, thiab cov extractant P507 thiab Cyanex272 ntim piv ntawm 1: 1 yog muab rho tawm, CO extract yog 95.5%. Tom qab siv H2SO4 rov qab haum, thiab cov pelletion ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv pH yog 4 min, thiab nag lossis daus ntawm CO tuaj yeem ncav cuag 99.

9%. Kev pom zoo, cov txheej txheem tshem tawm cov kuab tshuaj muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg, cov txiaj ntsig zoo sib cais, cov kua qaub-cov kuab tshuaj extraction yog tam sim no cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm cov roj ntsha lithium ion roj teeb, tab sis ntxiv optimization ntawm extractants thiab extraction tej yam kev mob Nws yog tam sim no kev tshawb fawb tsom nyob rau hauv daim teb no kom ua tau zoo dua thiab environmentally friendly thiab recyclable teebmeem. 3.

2, txoj kev los nag yog los npaj cov khib nyiab lithium-ion roj teeb. Tom qab dissolving, cov CO, Li tov yog tau, thiab cov precipitant ntxiv rau nag lossis daus, lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb hlau Co, Li, thiab lwm yam., kom ua tiav cov kev sib cais ntawm cov hlau.

SUN et al. Ua kom pom tseeb siv H2C2O4 ua tus leaching tus neeg sawv cev thaum nag lossis daus ntawm CO ions hauv kev daws teeb meem hauv daim ntawv ntawm COC 2O4, thiab tom qab ntawd Al (OH) 3 thiab Li2CO3 tau ua los ntawm kev ntxiv cov nag lossis daus NaOH thiab Na2CO3. Kev sib cais; Pan Xiaoyong et al nyob ib ncig ntawm PH yog kho rau 5.

0, uas tuaj yeem tshem tawm feem ntau ntawm Cu, Al, Ni. Tom qab kev rho tawm ntxiv, 3% H2C2O4 thiab saturated Na2CO3 kev sib haum xeeb COC2O4 thiab Li2CO3, CO rov qab siab dua 99% Li rov qab tus nqi siab dua 98%; Li Jinhui pretreated tom qab kev npaj cov khib nyiab lithium ion roj teeb, qhov me me ntawm qhov tsawg dua 1.43 hli yog tshuaj ntsuam nrog qhov concentration ntawm 0.

5 mus rau 1.0 mol / L, thiab cov khoom-kua piv yog 15 mus rau 25 g / L. 40 ~ 90min, ua rau COC2O4 precipitate thiab Li2C2O4 leaching tov, qhov kawg COC2O4 thiab Li2C2O4 rov qab tau tshaj 99%.

Cov nag lossis daus yog siab, thiab tus nqi rov qab ntawm cov hlau tseem ceeb yog siab. Kev tswj pH tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov sib cais ntawm cov hlau, uas yooj yim rau kev ua lag luam, tab sis yooj yim cuam tshuam nrog impurities, uas yog qhov tsawg. Yog li ntawd, tus yuam sij rau cov txheej txheem yog xaiv tus neeg saib xyuas nag lossis daus thiab ua kom zoo dua cov txheej txheem, tswj qhov kev txiav txim ntawm privalent hlau ion nag lossis daus, yog li txhim kho purity ntawm cov khoom.

3.3. Electrolytic electrolytic method recovering lub valvily hlau nyob rau hauv cov khib nyiab lithium ion roj teeb, yog ib txoj kev ntawm cov tshuaj electrolysis nyob rau hauv cov electrode cov ntaub ntawv leaching kua, thiaj li hais tias nws yog txo mus rau ib tug los yog sediment.

Tsis txhob ntxiv lwm yam tshuaj, nws tsis yooj yim rau kev qhia impurities, tuaj yeem tau txais cov khoom purity siab, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ntau ions, tag nrho cov deposition tshwm sim, yog li txo cov khoom purity, thaum siv hluav taws xob ntau zog. Myoung et al. Pov tseg lithium ion roj teeb zoo cov khoom leaching kua rau HNO3 kev kho mob yog cov khoom siv raw, thiab cobalt rov qab los nrog txoj kev muaj peev xwm tas li.

Thaum cov txheej txheem electrolysis, O2 raug txo rau NO3 - txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, OH-concentration yog ntxiv, thiab CO (OH) 2 yog tsim nyob rau saum npoo ntawm Ti cathode, thiab kev kho cua sov yog tau los ntawm CO3O4. Cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg muaj raws li hauv qab no: 2H2O + O2 + 4E→4OHNO3- + H2O + 2E→NO2- + 2OHCO3 ++ E→CO2 + CO2 ++ 2OH- / TI→CO (OH) 2 / Ti3CO (OH) 2 / Ti + 1 / 2O2→CO3O4 / TI + 3H2OFREITAS, thiab lwm yam, siv lub peev xwm tas li thiab muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj peev xwm rov qab tau CO los ntawm cov khoom zoo ntawm cov roj teeb lithium ion pov tseg.

Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias tus nqi ua haujlwm ntawm CO txo qis thaum pH nce, pH = 5.40, muaj peev xwm -1.00V, tus nqi ceev 10.

0c / cm 2, tus nqi efficiency yog siab tshaj, ncav cuag 96.60%. Cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg muaj raws li hauv qab no: CO2 ++ 2OH-→CO (OH) 2 (S) CO (OH) 2 (S) + 2E→CO (S) + 2OH-3.

4, ion exchange method ion exchange method yog qhov txawv ntawm adsorption muaj peev xwm ntawm txawv hlau ion complexes xws li Co, Ni, realizing qhov sib cais thiab extraction ntawm hlau. FENG et al. Ntxiv rau qhov rov qab ntawm CO los ntawm cov khoom siv electrode zoo H2SO4 leaching kua.

Kawm txog tus nqi rov qab ntawm cobalt thiab kev sib cais ntawm lwm yam impurities los ntawm yam xws li pH, lub voj voog ntawm cov leach. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias TP207 resin tau siv los tswj cov pH = 2.5, kev ncig yog 10 kho.

Qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm Cu mus txog 97.44%, thiab rov qab los ntawm cobalt mus txog 90.2%.

Cov txheej txheem muaj kev xaiv muaj zog ntawm lub hom phiaj ion, txheej txheem yooj yim thiab yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam, yog muab rho tawm ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov hlau tsis sib xws hauv cov roj teeb lithium ion khib nyiab, uas tau muab txoj hauv kev tshiab, tab sis vim yog tus nqi siab, daim ntawv thov kev lag luam. 3.5, saltingation ntawm salinization yog txo cov dielectric tas li ntawm leaching kua los ntawm kev ntxiv saturated (NH4) 2SO4 tov thiab tsawg dielectric tas li hnyav nyob rau hauv khib nyiab lithium ion roj teeb leaching tov, li no txo ​​cov dielectric tas li ntawm cov leaching kua, thiab cobalt ntsev yog precipitated los ntawm cov tshuaj.

Cov txheej txheem yog yooj yim, yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam thiab qis, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov kev mob ntawm ntau yam hlau ions, nrog rau nag lossis daus ntawm lwm cov hlau ntsev, yog li txo cov purity ntawm cov khoom. Jin Yujian et al, raws li kev tshawb xav niaj hnub ntawm cov tshuaj electrolyte, kev siv cov roj ntsha lithium ion roj teeb. Ib qho saturated (NH4) 2SO4 aqueous tov thiab anhydrous ethanol tau ntxiv los ntawm HCl leaching kua los ntawm LiiCoO2 raws li ib tug zoo electrode, thiab thaum cov tshuaj, saturated (NH4) 2SO4 aqueous tov thiab anhydrous ethanol yog 2: 1: 3, CO2 + nag lossis daus ntau tshaj 92%.

Cov khoom qab ntsev uas tshwm sim yog (NH4) 2CO (SO4) 2 thiab (NH4) Al (SO4) 2, uas siv cov ntsev segmented cais ob ntsev, yog li tau txais cov khoom sib txawv. Txog kev rho tawm thiab sib cais ntawm cov hlau tseem ceeb hauv cov khib nyiab lithium ion roj teeb leach, cov saum toj no yog ob peb txoj hauv kev los kawm ntxiv. Xav txog yam xws li kev ntim khoom, cov nqi khiav lag luam, cov khoom lag luam purity thiab cov pa phem thib ob, Table 2 qhia txog cov txheej txheem kev sib piv ntau cov hlau sib cais extraction tau piav qhia saum toj no.

Tam sim no, kev siv cov roj teeb lithium-ion hauv hluav taws xob thiab lwm yam yog qhov dav dua, thiab cov roj teeb lithium-ion pov tseg tsis tuaj yeem kwv yees tsawg dua. Nyob rau theem no, cov txheej txheem rov qab lithium-ion roj teeb tsis muaj pov tseg yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kho ua ntej - leaching-ntub rov ua dua. Cov kev kho yav dhau los suav nrog kev tso tawm, crushing thiab electrode cov khoom sib cais, thiab lwm yam.

Ntawm lawv, txoj kev sib cais yog qhov yooj yim, thiab nws tuaj yeem txhim kho cov nyhuv sib cais thiab rov ua haujlwm zoo, tab sis tam sim no siv cov kuab tshuaj tseem ceeb (NMP) yog kim rau qee qhov, yog li daim ntawv thov ntawm cov kuab tshuaj tsim nyog yog tsim nyog tshawb fawb hauv daim teb no. Ib qho ntawm cov lus qhia. Cov txheej txheem leaching yog ib qho tseem ceeb nrog cov kua qaub-txo tus neeg sawv cev raws li tus neeg sawv cev leaching, uas tuaj yeem ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig leaching, tab sis yuav muaj cov pa phem xws li cov dej khib nyiab inorganic, thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg leaching txoj kev muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab tus nqi qis, tab sis muaj cov hlau tseem ceeb.

Lub leaching tus nqi kuj yog siab, thiab qhov optimization ntawm kev xaiv ntawm cov kab mob thiab optimization ntawm leaching tej yam kev mob yuav ua rau kom cov leaching tus nqi, ib tug ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb qhia ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej leaching txheej txheem. Valentine hlau nyob rau hauv ntub dej rov qab leaching kev daws teeb meem yog qhov tseem ceeb txuas ntawm cov pov tseg lithium-ion roj teeb rov qab txheej txheem, thiab cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab cov teeb meem ntawm kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, thiab cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb muaj hnyav extraction, nag lossis daus, electrolysis, ion txauv txoj kev, ntsev soj ntsuam tos. Ntawm lawv, cov kuab tshuaj extraction yog tam sim no siv nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev, uas tsis muaj kuab paug, tsis muaj zog noj, siab sib cais nyhuv thiab cov khoom purity, thiab kev xaiv thiab kev loj hlob ntawm ntau npaum thiab tsawg-nqi extractants, zoo txo ​​nqi khiav hauj lwm, thiab ntxiv kev tshawb fawb ntawm ntau yam extractants synergies yuav yog ib qho ntawm cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm daim teb no.

Tsis tas li ntawd, txoj kev los nag kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau lwm cov kev taw qhia ntawm nws cov kev tshawb fawb vim nws qhov zoo ntawm cov nyiaj rov qab siab, tus nqi qis thiab kev ua haujlwm siab. Tam sim no, qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm txoj kev nag lossis daus yog tsawg, yog li, hais txog kev xaiv thiab txheej txheem ntawm cov sedimentation, nws yuav tswj cov txheej txheem ntawm privalent hlau ion nag lossis daus, yog li nce cov khoom purity yuav muaj kev lag luam zoo dua. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kho cov roj teeb lithium-ion pov tseg, cov pa phem thib ob xws li cov kua khib nyiab, cov khib nyiab pov tseg tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv, thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov pa phem thib ob raug txo kom tsawg thaum cov peev txheej siv los ua kom cov roj teeb lithium ion pov tseg.

Environmental, npaum thiab tus nqi qis rec.