Tsvagiridzo uye kufambira mberi kwesimbi kupora mumarara lithium ion mabhatiri

Автор: Iflowpower – Kannettavien voimalaitosten toimittaja

Simba nemhoteredzo inyaya mbiri huru dzanga dzichitarisana nezana ramakore re21, kuvandudzwa kwesimba idzva rekuvandudza uye zviwanikwa ndiyo hwaro uye kutungamira kwebudiriro yemunhu. Mumakore achangopfuura, mabhatiri e-lithium-ion ave achishandiswa zvakanyanya nekuda kwechiedza chemhando, vhoriyamu diki, kuzviburitsa, hapana mhedzisiro yekurangarira, yakakura yekushanda tembiricha yemhando, kukurumidza kuchaja uye kuburitsa, hupenyu hurefu hwebasa, kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza uye zvimwe zvakanakira. Wekutanga Whittingham akaita yekutanga lithium-ion bhatiri achishandisa Li-TIS system, muna 1990, yakagadzira anopfuura makore makumi mana kubva 1990, yakafambira mberi zvikuru.

Zvinoenderana nenhamba, iyo yakazara bhatiri ye lithium-ion munyika yangu muna Chikumi 2017 yaive 8.99 bhiriyoni, ine kuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwe34.6%.

International, lithium-ion mabhatiri ari munzvimbo yemagetsi emuchadenga apinda muchikamu chekushandisa engineering, uye mamwe makambani nemadhipatimendi emauto munyika akagadzira munzvimbo yemabhatiri e-lithium-ion, akadai seUnited States, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), EAGLE -Picher bhatiri kambani, France SAFT, Japan&39;s JAXA, nezvimwewo. Nekushandiswa kwakakura kwemabhatiri e-lithium ion, kune kuwanda uye kuwanda kwemabhatiri emarara. Zvinotarisirwa kuti pamberi uye mushure me2020, nyika yangu chete yemagetsi akachena (kusanganisira plug-in) mota yevatyairi uye hybrid yevatakuri mota simba lithium bhatiri i12-77 miriyoni T.

Kunyangwe iyo lithium-ion bhatiri inonzi bhatiri rakasvibirira, hapana chinhu chinokuvadza chakadai seHg, PB, asi iyo yakanaka zvinhu, electrolyte mhinduro, nezvimwewo, izvo zvinokonzeresa kusvibiswa kukuru kune zvakatipoteredza, uye zvakare zvinokonzeresa kutambisa zviwanikwa. Naizvozvo, ongorora maitiro ekudzoreredza kurapwa kwemarara lithium-ion mabhatiri kumba nekune dzimwe nyika, uye inopfupisa nzira yekuvandudza yemarara lithium-ion bhatiri kudzoreredza maitiro, ine yakakosha inoshanda kukosha.

Chinhu chakakosha che lithium-ion bhatiri chinosanganisira imba, electrolyte, anode material, cathode material, adhesive, foil yemhangura, uye aluminium foil, nezvimwe zvakadaro. Pakati pavo, CO, Li, Ni chikamu chemazana chikamu 5% kusvika 15%, 2% kusvika 7%, 0.5% kusvika 2%, pamwe chete nezvinhu zvesimbi zvakadai seAl, Cu, Fe, uye kukosha kwezvinhu zvakakosha, anode Zvinhu uye cathode zvinhu zvinokwana 33% uye 10%, uye electrolyte uye diaphragm ine 3% inoremekedzwa uye 12%.

Masimbi akakosha akadzoserwa mumarara lithium ion mabhatiri ari Co uye Li, yakakosha yakadzika cobalt lithium firimu pane anode zvinhu. Kunyanya munyika yangu zviwanikwa zvecobalt zvine hurombo, kusimudzira uye kushandiswa kwakaoma, uye chikamu chikuru checobalt mumabhatiri e-lithium-ion chinosvika 15%, inova nguva 850 yekuperekedza migodhi yecobalt. Parizvino, kushandiswa kweLiCoO2 ndeye lithium ion bhatiri yezvinhu zvakanaka, iyo ine lithium cobalt organte, lithium hexafluorophosphate, organic carbonate, kabhoni zvinhu, mhangura, aluminium, nezvimwe.

, iyo yakakosha simbi yemukati inoratidzwa muTafura 1. Kushandiswa kwekunyorova kurapa marara lithium-ion mabhatiri parizvino akadzidzwa zvakanyanya uye akawanda maitiro, uye maitiro ekuyerera anoratidzwa muMufananidzo 1. Chiitiko chakakosha 3 nhanho: 1) Dzvanya iyo yakadzoreredzwa yekuzorodza lithium ion bhatiri kuti ibudise zvachose, nyore kupatsanura, nezvimwe.

Iyo electrode zvinhu zvakawanikwa mushure mekutanga kurapwa zvinonyungudika, kuitira kuti simbi dzakasiyana-siyana uye makomisheni ayo ave muchimiro cheiyoni mukati meiyo leaching fluid; 3) Kupatsanurwa uye kudzoreredzwa kwesimbi yakakosha mune leaching mhinduro, iyi nhanho ndiyo kiyi yekurasa lithium ion bhatiri kurapwa maitiro Iyo zvakare inotarisa uye kuomerwa kwevaongorori kwemakore mazhinji. Parizvino, nzira yekuparadzanisa uye kupora inokosha nekunyungudutsa, mvura, electrolysis, ion exchange method, salting uye etiology. 1.

1, iyo pre-electric tsvina yemagetsi akasara, iyo yakasara yeion bhatiri, yakanyatsobudiswa isati yagadziriswa, kana zvisina kudaro simba rinosara richaisa pfungwa pahuwandu hwekupisa, izvo zvinogona kukonzera migumisiro yakaipa yakadai sekuchengetedza njodzi. Iyo nzira yekurasa yemarara lithium ion mabhatiri inogona kukamurwa kuva marudzi maviri, ayo ari kubuda mumuviri uye kubuda kwemakemikari. Pakati pavo, kubuda kwemuviri ipfupi-yedunhu kubuda, kazhinji kushandisa mvura nitrogen uye zvimwe zvinwiwa zvinoomesa nechando kuti ive yakaderera-tembiricha yechando, uye wobva wadzvanya buri rekumanikidza kubuda.

Mumazuva ekutanga, Umicore, US Umicore, TOXCO inoshandisa nitrogen yemvura kuti ibvise tsvina lithium ion bhatiri, asi nzira iyi yakakwirira kune michina, isingakodzeri kushandiswa kwemaindasitiri makuru; kemikari inoburitsa iri mune conductive mhinduro (yakawanda Kuburitsa residual simba mu electrolysis muNaCl mhinduro. Pakutanga, Nan Junmin, nezvimwewo, akaisa monomer tsvina lithium ion bhatiri mumudziyo wesimbi wemvura uye erekitironi conductive agent, asi sezvo electrolyte ye lithium ion bhatiri yaive neLiPF6, maitiro airatidzwa pakusangana nemvura.

HF, ichiunza kukuvadza kune zvakatipoteredza nevashandisi, saka zvinodikanwa kuita kunyudzwa kwealkaline pakarepo mushure mekubuda. Mumakore achangopfuura, Song Xiuling, nezvimwewo. Iko kusungirirwa kwe2g / L, nguva yekubuda ndeye 8h, iyo yekupedzisira yekubatanidza voltage inoderedzwa kusvika 0.

54V, inosangana negirinhi inoshanda yekuburitsa zvinodiwa. Kusiyana neizvi, mari yekuburitsa kemikari yakaderera, kushanda kuri nyore, kunogona kusangana nekushandiswa kwekubuda kukuru, asi iyo electrolyte ine kukanganisa kwakashata paimba yesimbi nemidziyo. 1.

2, maitiro ekutyora kupatsanurwa uye kupatsanurwa kwakakosha kupatsanura iyo electrode zvinhu neakawanda-nhanho kupwanya, kuongorora, nezvimwe. nekupwanya-matanho akawanda, kuongorora, nezvimwe. nekupwanya-matanho akawanda, kuongorora, nezvimwe.

, kufambisa kushandiswa kwemoto kunotevera. Nzira, nzira yemvura, nezvimwewo. Mechanical separation method ndiyo imwe yenzira dzepretreatment dzinowanzo shandiswa, zviri nyore kuwana hukuru hwemaindasitiri kudzoreredza kurapwa kwemarara lithium-ion mabhatiri.

SHIN et al., Nekupwanya, kuongorora, kupatsanurwa kwemagineti, kupuruzira kwakanaka uye kurongedza maitiro kuti uwane LiCoO2 kupatsanura hupfumi. Mhedzisiro inoratidza kuti kudzoreredzwa kwesimbi yakanangwa kunogona kuvandudzwa pasi pemamiriro ari nani, asi sezvo lithium ion bhatiri chimiro chakaoma, zvakaoma kuparadzanisa zvachose zvikamu nenzira iyi; Li et al.

, Shandisa rudzi rutsva rwema mechanical separation method, kuvandudza Kubudirira kwekugadzirisa kweCO kunoderedza kushandiswa kwesimba uye kusvibiswa. Nezve kupatsanurwa kwezvinhu zve electrode, yakashambidzwa uye yakasimudzwa mumvura yekugezera ye55 ¡ã C, uye musanganiswa wacho wakakurudzirwa kwemaminitsi gumi, uye zvakaguma 92% electrode zvinhu zvakaparadzaniswa kubva kune ikozvino simbi yemvura. Panguva imwecheteyo, muunganidzi wezvino anogona kudzorerwa nenzira yesimbi.

1.3, maitiro ekupisa kupisa kurapwa kwakakosha kubvisa organic matter, toner, etc., toner, nezvimwe.

yemarara lithium ion mabhatiri, uye kupatsanurwa kwezvinhu zve electrode uye zvinwiwa zvazvino. Ikozvino kupisa kupisa nzira inonyanya kupisa kupisa kwakajairika kupisa kurapwa, asi kune dambudziko rekuparadzana kwakaderera, kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza, nezvimwewo, kuitira kuti uwedzere kuvandudza maitiro, mumakore achangopfuura, tsvakiridzo ine zvakawanda uye zvakanyanya.

SUN et al., A high-temperature vacuum pyrolysis, tsvina yebhatiri inotorwa muchoto chevacuum isati yaputirwa, uye kutonhora kunosvika 10 ¡ã C kusvika 600 ¡ã C kwemaminetsi makumi matatu, uye organic matter inoparara mudiki molecule mvura kana gasi. Inogona kushandiswa kune makemikari mbishi zvinhu zvakasiyana.

Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo LiCoO2 layer inove yakasununguka uye nyore kupatsanurwa kubva kune aruminiyamu foil mushure mekupisa, izvo zvinobatsira kune yekupedzisira inorganic simbi oxide. Kugadziriswa kwemarara lithium ion bhatiri yakanaka zvinhu. Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidza kuti kana sisitimu iri pasi pe1.

0 kPa, tembiricha yekuita i600 ¡ã C, nguva yekuita i30 maminetsi, iyo organic binder inogona kubviswa zvakanyanya, uye yakawanda yeyakanaka electrode inoshanda chinhu inovharirwa kubva paaluminium foil, iyo aluminium foil inochengetwa yakasimba. Kuenzaniswa neyakajairwa kupisa kupisa matekiniki, yakakwirira-tembiricha vacuum pyrolysis inogona kudzoserwa yakaparadzana, kuvandudza mashandisirwo akazara ezviwanikwa, uku ichidzivirira magasi ane muchetura kubva kune organic zvinhu kubva pakuora kukonzeresa kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza, asi michina yakakwira, yakaoma, indasitiri yekusimudzira ine zvimwe zvinogumira. 1.

4. Kazhinji iyo PVDF iri pa dissolution electrode yeiyo yakasimba polar organic solvent, kuitira kuti iyo yakanaka electrode zvinhu zvivharirwe kubva ikozvino fluid aruminiyamu foil. Liang Lijun akasarudza zvakasiyana-siyana zvepolar organic solvents yekunyungudutsa iyo inopwanya yakanaka electrode zvinhu, uye akaona kuti iyo optimum solvent yaive N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), uye iyo yakanaka electrode zvinhu zvinoshanda chinhu LIFEPO4 uye kabhoni musanganiswa unogona kugadzirwa pasi pemamiriro akakwana.

Yakaparadzaniswa zvachose kubva kune aluminium foil; Hanisch et al, anoshandisa nzira yekunyungudutsa kunyatsosarudza electrode mushure mekupisa kurapwa uye mechanical pressure kuparadzanisa uye kuongorora maitiro. Iyo electrode yakabatwa pa90 ¡ã C muNMP ye10 kusvika 20 min. Mushure mekudzokorora ka6, binder mu electrode zvinhu zvinogona kuparara zvachose, uye kupatsanurwa kunowedzera.

Solubility inofananidzwa nedzimwe nzira dzekutanga kurapwa, uye mashandiro acho ari nyore, uye anogona kunyatsovandudza kupatsanurwa kwekuita uye chiyero chekudzoreredza, uye tarisiro yekushandiswa kwemaindasitiri iri nani. Parizvino, binder inonyanya kushandiswa neNMP, iyo iri nani, asi nekuda kwekushayikwa kwemutengo, kushanduka, kuderera kwehupfu, nezvimwewo, kune imwe nhanho, kune imwe nzvimbo, kushandiswa kwayo kwemaindasitiri ekusimudzira.

The dissolution leaching muitiro ndiko kunyungudutsa electrode zvinhu akawanikwa pashure pretreatment, kuitira kuti simbi zvinhu ari electrode zvinhu kupinda mhinduro muchimiro ions, uye ipapo zvokusarudza kupatsanurwa siyana kupatsanura unyanzvi uye recoverys inokosha simbi CO, Li et al. Nzira dzekunyungudika leaching Yakakosha inosanganisira kemikari leaching uye biological leaching. 2.

1, kemikari leaching yakajairika kemikari leaching nzira ndeyekuzadzisa dissolution leaching ye electrode zvinhu nekunyudzwa asidhi kana alkaline kunyudzwa, uye zvakakosha kusanganisa nhanho leaching nzira uye maviri-nhanho leaching nzira. Imwe-nhanho leaching nzira inowanzo shandisa inorganic acid HCl, HNO3, H2SO4, uye zvakafanana nekunyungudutsa zvakananga electrode zvinhu zvakananga kune electrode zvinhu, asi nzira yakadaro ichava nemagasi anokuvadza akadai seCL2, SO2, kuitira kuti iyo yekupedza gasi kurapwa. Chidzidzo chacho chakawana kuti H2O2, Na2S2O3 uye mamwe madhigirii ekuderedza akadai seH2O2, Na2S2O3 akawedzerwa kune leaching agent, uye dambudziko iri rinogona kugadziriswa zvinobudirira, uye CO3 + iri nyorewo kunyungudutsa CO2 + mumvura inoyerera, nokudaro ichiwedzera chiyero cheleaching.

Pan Xiaoyong et al. Inotora H2SO4-Na2S2O3 sisitimu yekusiya electrode zvinhu, kupatsanura uye kudzoreredza CO, Li. Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuti H + kusungwa kwe3 mol / L, Na2S2O3 kusungwa kwe0.

25 mol / L, mvura yakasimba reshiyo 15: 1, 90 ¡ã C, CO, Li leaching rate yakakwira kupfuura 97%; Chen Liang et al, H2SO4 + H2O2 yakatorwa Leaching iyo inoshanda chinhu. Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuti mvura yakasimba reshiyo yaive 10: 1, H2SO4 concentration 2.5 mol / l, H2O2 yakawedzerwa ne2.

0 ml / g (upfu), tembiricha 85 ¡ã C, leaching nguva ye120 min, Co, Ni uye Mn, 97%, zvichiteerana, 98% uye 96%; Lu Xiuyuan et al. Kupinza kushandiswa kweH2SO4 + Yakasimudzwa agent system kupinza tsvina yakakwira-nickel lithium-ion bhatiri yakanaka electrode zvinhu (lini0.6CO0.

2Mn0.2O2), akadzidza zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoderedza vamiririri (H2O2, glucose uye Na2SO3) pane simbi leaching migumisiro. pesvedzero.

Zvigumisiro zvinoratidza kuti pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akakodzera, H2O2 inoshandiswa sechinhu chinoderedza, uye iyo leaching effect yesimbi yakakosha inonyanya 100%, 96.79%, 98.62%, 97%, maererano.

Maonero akazara, kushandisa maasidhi-anoderedza maajenti seyo leaching system, ndiyo yakajairwa leaching process yeazvino maindasitiri kurapwa kwemarara lithium-ion mabhatiri nekuda kwemabhenefiti ekunyudzwa kweasidhi yakananga, chiyero cheleaching chepamusoro, kukurumidza kuita mwero, nezvimwe. Nzira mbiri-nhanho leaching nzira ndeyekuita alkali leaching mushure mekare-kare kurapwa, kuitira kuti Al muchimiro cheNaAlO2 muchimiro cheNaAlO2, uyezve kuwedzera inoderedza mumiririri H2O2 kana Na2S2O3 semushonga weLeaching, yakawanikwa The leaching liquid inogadziriswa nekugadzirisa pH, kusarudza kugadzirisa Al, Fe uye kuunganidza amai vanochera uye vanotora amai vanochera uye vanotora mai. kuparadzana. Deng Chao Yong et al.

Yakaitwa pachishandiswa 10% NaOH mhinduro, uye Al leaching rate yaive 96.5%, 2 mol / L H2SO4 uye 30% H2O2 yaive kunyudzwa kweasidhi, uye CO leaching rate yaive 98.8%.

The leaching musimboti sezvinotevera: 2licoo2 + 3H2SO4 + H2O2→Li2SO4 + 2CoSO4 + 4H2O + O2 ichawanikwa neyakagadziriswa leaching solution, ine-multi-stage extraction, uye yekupedzisira CO recovery inosvika 98%. Iyo nzira iri nyore, iri nyore kushanda, diki corrosion, kushoma kusvibiswa. 2.

2, Biological Leaching Law Sekuvandudza tekinoroji, biometrial tekinoroji ine zvirinani budiriro uye tarisiro yekushandiswa nekuda kwekuchengetedza kwayo nharaunda, mutengo wakaderera. Biological leaching nzira inobva oxidation mabhakitiriya, kuitira kuti simbi kupinda mhinduro muchimiro ions. Mumakore achangopfuura, vamwe vaongorori vakaongorora mutengo-mutengo wesimbi mukushandiswa kwebiological leaching nzira.

MISHRA et al. Kushandisa inorganic acid uye eosubric acid oxide oxide bacillus kupinza tsvina lithium ion bhatiri, uchishandisa zvinhu S uye Fe2 + sesimba, H2SO4 uye FE3 + uye mamwe metabolites muLeaching medium, uye shandisa aya metabolites kunyungudutsa yekare lithium Ion bhatiri. Chidzidzo ichi chakawana kuti CO&39;s biological dissolution rate inokurumidza kupfuura Li.

Fe2 + inogona kukurudzira kubereka kwebiota, FE3 + uye simbi mune zvakasara. Yakakwirira mvura yakasimba reshiyo, kureva

, kukura kutsva kwesimbi yesimbi, inogona kudzivisa kukura kwebhakitiriya, haibatsiri kuparara kwesimbi; MarcináKováEtOAc. Iyo inovaka muviri inoumbwa nemaminerari ese anodiwa pakukura kwebhakitiriya, uye iyo yakaderera nutrient medium inoshandiswa sesimba muH2SO4 uye element S. Chidzidzo chacho chakawana kuti munzvimbo yakapfuma yezvokudya zvinovaka muviri, biological leaching rates yeLi uye CO yaiva 80% uye 67%, maererano; munzvimbo yakaderera ine hutano, chete 35% Li uye gumi.

5% CO yakanyungudika. Biological leaching method kana ichienzaniswa neyechinyakare acid-inoderedza agent leaching system, ine mukana wemutengo wakaderera uye girinhi kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, asi iyo leaching rate yemasimbi akakosha (CO, Li et al.) yakadzikira, uye hukuru-hukuru kugadzirisa kwemaindasitiri kune zvimwe zvinogumira.

3.1, solvent extraction method solvent extraction method ndiyo nzira yemazuva ano yekuparadzanisa uye kudzorerwa kwezvinhu zvesimbi zvemarara lithium ion mabhatiri, iyo inofanirwa kuumba yakagadzikana yakaoma ine chinangwa cheion mumvura yeleaching, uye kushandisa zvakakodzera organic solvents. Kuparadzanisa, kubvisa chinangwa chesimbi uye musanganiswa.

Kazhinji inoshandiswa zvinyorwa zvakakosha kuCyanex272, Acorgam5640, P507, D2EHPA uye PC-88A, nezvimwewo. Swain et al. Dzidza maitiro eCYANEX272 extractant concentration paCO, Li.

Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuti huwandu hwe2.5 kusvika 40 mol / m3, CO yakawedzera kubva pa7.15% kusvika 99.

90%, uye Li&39;s extraction yakawedzera kubva 1.36% kusvika 7.8%; kusungirirwa kwe40 kusvika ku75 mol / m3, CO extraction rate nheyo Kuwedzerwa kwehuwandu hweLi huchangobva kuwedzerwa ku18%, uye kana kusungirirwa kwakakwirira kudarika 75 mol / m3, chikamu chekuparadzanisa kweCO chinoderedza kusungirirwa, chikamu chikuru chekuparadzanisa ndicho 15641.

Mushure memaitiro maviri-matanho eWu Fang, mushure mekutora chidimbu cheiyo P204, P507 yakatorwa kubva kuCO, Li, uyezve H2SO4 yakadzoserwa kumashure, uye iyo yakadzoreredzwa yakawedzerwa kuNa2CO3 yakasarudzwa kupora Li2CO3. Kana iyo pH iri 5.5, CO, Li separation factor inosvika 1×105, CO kupora iri pamusoro pe99%; kang et al.

Kubva pakushingaira 5% kusvika 20% CO, 5% ~ 7% Li, 5% ~ 10% Ni, 5% organic makemikari uye 7% epurasitiki tsvina lithium ions Cobalt sulfate inodzorerwa mubhatiri, uye CO concentration ndeye 28 g / L, pH inogadziriswa kusvika 6.5 yakagadzika simbi Cuion, Feturu uye Al. Wobva wasarudza bvisa Co kubva muchikamu chakacheneswa chemvura neCyanex 272, apo pH <6, the separation factor of CO / Li and CO / Ni is close to 750, and the total recovery of CO is about 92%.

Inogona kuwanikwa kuti kusungirirwa kwechigadziro kune simba guru pahuwandu hwekuchera, uye kupatsanurwa kwesimbi yakakosha (CO neLi) inogona kuwanikwa nekudzora pH yegadziriro yekubvisa. Pamusoro pechikonzero ichi, kushandiswa kweiyo yakasanganiswa dhizaini system inobatwa nemarara lithium-ion bhatiri, iyo inogona kuwana zviri nani kuparadzaniswa kwakasarudzwa uye kudzoreredza kweakakosha simbi ions. PRANOLO et al, yakasanganiswa yekubvisa sisitimu yakasarudzika yakadzoreredza Co uye Li mumarara lithium-ion bhatiri leacals.

Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidza kuti iyo 2% (vhoriyamu reshiyo) ACORGAM 5640 inowedzerwa ku7% (vhoriyamu reshiyo) Ionquest801, uye pH yekubvisa Cu inogona kuderedzwa, uye Cu, Al, FE ichaburitswa muchikamu che organic neiyo control system pH, uye Implement Separation neCo, Ni, Li. Iyo pH yegadziriro yakabva yadzorwa pa5.5 kusvika 6.

0, uye Co selective extraction yeCO selective extraction, Ni naLi mumvura yekubvisa vakanga vasina hanya; Zhang Xinle et al. Inoshandiswa kushandisa kunyudzwa kweasidhi - kudhirowa - kunaya Co mubhatiri reion. Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidza kuti iyo acid dip ndeye 3.

5, uye iyo inodonhedza P507 uye Cyanex272 vhoriyamu reshiyo ye1: 1 inotorwa, iyo CO yakatorwa i95.5%. Iko kushandiswa kunotevera kweH2SO4 reverse fitting, uye pelletion yeanti-extract pH ndeye 4 min, uye mvura inonaya yeCO inogona kusvika 99.

9%. Maonero akazara, iyo solvent extraction method ine zvakanakira kushandiswa kwesimba shoma, yakanaka yekuparadzanisa mhedzisiro, acid immersion-solvent extraction method ikozvino ndiyo nzira huru yemarara lithium ion mabhatiri, asi kuwedzera optimization yeextractants uye mamiriro ekubvisa Ndiyo ikozvino tsvakurudzo inotarisa munharaunda iyi kuti ibudirire zvakanyanya uye zvakatipoteredza uye zvigadziriswe zvakare. 3.

2, iyo nzira yekunaya ndeyekugadzirira marara lithium-ion bhatiri. Mushure mekunyungudika, iyo CO, Li mhinduro inowanikwa, uye iyo inonaya inowedzerwa kune kunaya, iyo yakakosha chinangwa chesimbi Co, Li, nezvimwewo, kuti iwane kupatsanurwa kwesimbi.

SUN et al. Yakasimbiswa kushandisa H2C2O4 sechinhu chinodhaka apo kunaya kweCO ions mumushonga uri muchimiro cheCOC 2O4, uyezve Al (OH) 3 uye Li2CO3 dzakanatswa nekuwedzera precipitant NaOH uye Na2CO3. Kuparadzana; Pan Xiaoyong et al yakatenderedza PH inogadziriswa kusvika ku5.

0, iyo inogona kubvisa yakawanda yeCu, Al, Ni. Mushure mekuwedzera kubudiswa, 3% H2C2O4 uye yakazara Na2CO3 settlement COC2O4 uye Li2CO3, CO recovery yakakwirira kudarika 99% The Li recovery rate yakakwirira kudarika 98%; Li Jinhui pretreated mushure mekugadzirwa kwemarara lithium ion mabhatiri, saizi isingasviki 1.43 mm inotariswa neyakaunganidzwa ye0.

5 kusvika 1.0 mol / L, uye iyo yakasimba-yemvura muyero ndeye 15 kusvika 25 g / L. 40 ~ 90min, zvichikonzera COC2O4 precipitate uye Li2C2O4 leaching mhinduro, yekupedzisira COC2O4 uye Li2C2O4 kupora kwakapfuura 99%.

Kunaya kwacho kwakakwira, uye mwero wekudzoreredza wesimbi dzakakosha wakakwira. Iyo yekudzora pH inogona kuzadzisa kupatsanurwa kwesimbi, izvo zviri nyore kuwana maindasitiri, asi zviri nyore kukanganiswa nekusachena, uko kwakadzikira. Naizvozvo, kiyi yemaitiro ndeyekusarudza yakasarudzika yekunaya kwemvura uye kuwedzera optimize mamiriro ekuita, kudzora kurongeka kweiyo yakavanzika simbi ion kunaya, nekudaro kuvandudza kuchena kwechigadzirwa.

3.3. Electrolytic electrolytic nzira yekudzoreredza iyo valvily simbi mumarara lithium ion bhatiri, inzira yemakemikari electrolysis mu electrode zvinhu leaching fluid, zvekuti inoderedzwa kuita imwechete kana sediment.

Usawedzera zvimwe zvinhu, hazvisi nyore kuunza tsvina, inogona kuwana yakakwira kuchena zvigadzirwa, asi mune yakawandisa ion, yakazara deposition inoitika, nekudaro ichidzikisa kuchena kwechigadzirwa, ichidya mamwe magetsi emagetsi. Myoung et al. Waste lithium ion bhatiri positive material leaching liquid yeHNO3 kurapwa chinhu chakabikwa, uye cobalt inodzoserwa inogara ichiita nzira.

Munguva ye electrolysis process, O2 inoderedzwa kusvika NO3 - kuderedzwa kwekuita, iyo OH-concentration inowedzerwa, uye CO (OH) 2 inogadzirwa pamusoro peTi cathode, uye kurapwa kwekupisa kunowanikwa ne CO3O4. Iyo kemikari yekuita maitiro ndeyekutevera: 2H2O + O2 + 4E→4OHNO3- + H2O + 2E→NO2- + 2OHCO3 ++ E→CO2 + CO2 ++ 2OH- / TI→CO (OH) 2 / Ti3CO (OH) 2 / Ti + 1 / 2O2→CO3O4 / TI + 3H2OFREITAS, zvichingodaro, uchishandisa zvinogoneka uye zvine simba zvinogoneka tekinoroji kudzoreredza CO kubva kune yakanaka zvinhu zvemarara lithium ion bhatiri.

Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidza kuti kubhadharisa kweCO kunodzikira sezvo pH iri kuwedzera, pH = 5.40, inogona -1.00V, charge density 10.

0c / masendimita 2, iyo yekuchaja inoshanda zvakanyanya, inosvika 96.60%. Iyo kemikari yekuita maitiro ndeyekutevera: CO2 ++ 2OH-→CO (OH) 2 (S) CO (OH) 2 (S) + 2E→CO (S) + 2OH-3.

4, iyo ion yekutsinhana nzira ion yekutsinhana nzira ndiyo mutsauko mukushambadza kugona kweakasiyana simbi ion complexes seCo, Ni, kuona kuparadzaniswa uye kubviswa kwesimbi. FENG et al. Kuwedzera kudzoreredza kweCO kubva kune yakanaka electrode zvinhu H2SO4 leaching fluid.

Kudzidza nezve kudzoreredza mwero wecobalt uye kupatsanurwa kwezvimwe zvitsvina kubva kuzvinhu zvakaita sepH, kutenderera kweleach. Zvigumisiro zvakaratidza kuti TP207 resin yakashandiswa kudzora pH = 2.5, kutenderera kwaiva 10 kurapwa.

Kubviswa kweCu kwakasvika 97.44%, uye kudzorerwa kwecobalt kwakasvika 90.2%.

Iyo nzira ine kusarudzwa kwakasimba kweiyo inotarirwa ion, nzira iri nyore uye iri nyore kushanda, inotorwa kuitira kubviswa kwemutengo wesimbi inoshanduka mumarara lithium ion bhatiri, iyo yakapa nzira nyowani, asi nekuda kwekudhura kwepamusoro, kushandiswa kwemaindasitiri. 3.5, saltingation ye salinization ndeyekuderedza dielectric constant ye leaching liquid nekuwedzera saturated (NH4) 2SO4 solution uye yakaderera dielectric inogara yakanyungudutswa mumarara lithium ion bhatiri leaching solution, nokudaro kuderedza dielectric constant ye leaching liquid, uye cobalt munyu inodururwa kubva mumhinduro.

Iyo nzira iri nyore, iri nyore kushanda uye yakaderera, asi pasi pemamiriro emhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzesimbi ions, pamwe nekunaya kweimwe simbi yemunyu, nokudaro kuderedza kuchena kwechigadzirwa. Jin Yujian et al, maererano nedzidziso yemazuva ano ye electrolyte solution, kushandiswa kwemabhatiri e-salinated lithium ion. A saturated (NH4) 2SO4 aqueous solution uye anhydrous ethanol yakawedzerwa kubva kuHCl leaching liquid kubva kuLiiCoO2 seyakanaka electrode, uye apo mhinduro, yakazara (NH4) 2SO4 aqueous solution uye anhydrous ethanol yaiva 2: 1: 3, CO2 + precipitation rate Kupfuura 92%.

Chigadzirwa chemunyu chinoguma (NH4) 2CO (SO4) 2 uye (NH4) Al (SO4) 2, iyo inoshandisa segmented salts kuparadzanisa munyu miviri, nekudaro kuwana zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana. Nezve kubviswa uye kupatsanurwa kwesimbi yakakosha mumarara lithium ion bhatiri leach, iri pamusoro apa inzira shoma dzekudzidza zvakawanda. Tichifunga nezvezvinhu zvakaita sehuwandu hwekugadzirisa, mutengo wekushandisa, kuchena kwechigadzirwa uye kusvibiswa kwechipiri, Tafura 2 inopfupisa nzira yehunyanzvi yekufananidza kudhirowa kwesimbi kwakawanda kunotsanangurwa pamusoro.

Parizvino, kushandiswa kwemabhatiri e-lithium-ion mumagetsi emagetsi uye mamwe maitiro akawandisa, uye nhamba yemarara lithium-ion mabhatiri haigoni kuderedzwa. Panguva ino, iyo isina tsvina-yemahara lithium-ion bhatiri kudzoreredza maitiro yakakosha kune pre-kurapwa - leaching-wet recycling. Iyo yekare kurapwa inosanganisira kuburitsa, kupwanya uye electrode zvinhu kupatsanurwa, nezvimwe.

Pakati pavo, nzira yekuparara iri nyore, uye inogona kunyatsogadzirisa kupatsanurwa kwemaitiro uye chiyero chekudzikinura, asi ikozvino inoshandiswa yakakosha solvent (NMP) inodhura kune imwe nhanho, kuitira kuti kushandiswa kwechimwe chinhu chakakodzera kunofanirwa kutsvakurudza munharaunda iyi. Imwe yenzira. Iyo leaching process yakakosha neasidhi-inoderedza agent senge leaching agent, iyo inogona kuwana yakasarudzika leaching maitiro, asi pachave nechipiri kusvibiswa senge inorganic tsvina yemvura, uye iyo biological leaching nzira ine mukana wekuita, kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza uye mutengo wakaderera, asi pane yakakosha simbi.

Chiyero cheleaching chakanyanya kukwirira, uye optimization yesarudzo yebhakitiriya uye optimization yeleaching mamiriro anogona kuwedzera chiyero cheleaching, imwe yenzira yekutsvagisa yeramangwana leaching process. Valentine simbi mukunyorova kudzoreredza leaching mhinduro ndiwo akakosha malink emarara lithium-ion bhatiri kudzoreredza maitiro, uye akakosha mapoinzi uye kuomerwa kwekutsvagisa mumakore achangopfuura, uye nzira dzakakosha dzine zvinonyungudutsa, kunaya, electrolysis, ion shanduko nzira, munyu ongororo Mira. Pakati pavo, nzira yekubvisa solvent ikozvino inoshandiswa nenzira dzakawanda, nekusvibiswa kwakaderera, kushandiswa kwesimba shoma, kupatsanurwa kwakanyanya uye kuchena kwechigadzirwa, uye kusarudzwa uye kugadzirwa kwezvimwe zvinonyanya kushanda uye zvisingadhuri zvinobvisa, zvinobudirira kuderedza mari yekushanda, uye Kuenderera mberi kwekuongorora kwezvimwe zvakasiyana-siyana zvekugadzirisa synergies zvinogona kuva imwe yenzira yekutarisa kwemunda uyu.

Pamusoro pezvo, iyo nzira yekunaya ndiyo zvakare kiyi kune imwe nzira yekutsvagisa kwayo nekuda kwemabhenefiti ayo epamusoro ekudzoreredza mwero, mutengo wakaderera uye wakakwira kugadzirisa. Parizvino, dambudziko rakakosha pamberi penzira yekunaya yakadzikira, saka, maererano nesarudzo uye maitiro emamiriro eiyo sedimentation, inotonga kutevedzana kweiyo privalent metal ion kunaya, nekudaro kuwedzera kuchena kwechigadzirwa kuchava netarisiro iri nani yekushandisa maindasitiri. Panguva imwecheteyo, mukuita tsvina yelithium-ion bhatiri kurapwa, kusvibiswa kwechipiri senge tsvina yemvura, tsvina yakasara haigone kudzivirirwa, uye kukuvadzwa kwekusvibiswa kwechipiri kunodzikiswa nepo chiwanikwa chichishandiswa kuwana tsvina yelithium ion mabhatiri.

Environmental, inoshanda uye yakaderera mutengo rec.