Nnyocha na ọganihu nke mgbake ígwè na batrị lithium ion mkpofu

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - Dobavljač prijenosnih elektrana

Ike na gburugburu ebe obibi bụ isi okwu abụọ a na-eche ihu na narị afọ nke 21, mmepe nke ume ọhụrụ na ihe onwunwe bụ ihe ndabere na ntụziaka nke mmepe mmepe mmadụ. N&39;ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, a na-ejikarị batrị lithium-ion mee ihe n&39;ihi àgwà ọkụ, obere olu, nkwụsị nke onwe, enweghị mmetụta nchekwa, oke okpomọkụ na-arụ ọrụ, ụgwọ ngwa ngwa na nkwụsị, ogologo ndụ ọrụ, nchebe gburugburu ebe obibi na uru ndị ọzọ. Whittingham mbụ mere batrị lithium-ion nke mbụ site na iji sistemu Li-TIS, na 1990, ọ mepụtara ihe karịrị afọ 40 kemgbe 1990, enweela ọganihu dị ukwuu.

Dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ si kwuo, ngụkọta ego batrị lithium-ion na obodo m na June 2017 bụ ijeri 8.99, yana ọnụ ọgụgụ mmụba nke 34.6%.

Batrị mba ụwa, batrị lithium-ion na mpaghara ike ikuku abanyela na ọkwa ngwa injinia, ụfọdụ ụlọ ọrụ na ngalaba ndị agha n&39;ụwa etolitela na oghere maka batrị lithium-ion, dị ka United States, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), ụlọ ọrụ batrị EAGLE -Picher, France SAFT, Japan JAXA, wdg. Site na ngwa obosara nke batrị lithium ion batrị, a na-enwewanye nnukwu batrị mkpofu. A na-atụ anya na tupu na mgbe 2020 gasịrị, naanị obodo m nwere ọkụ eletrik dị ọcha (gụnyere nkwụnye) ụgbọ ala ndị njem na batrị lithium ụgbọ ala ngwakọ bụ 12-77 nde T.

Ọ bụ ezie na a na-akpọ batrị lithium-ion batrị akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, ọ dịghị ihe na-emerụ ahụ dị ka Hg, PB, ma ihe ya dị mma, ngwọta electrolyte, wdg, na-ebute oke mmetọ na gburugburu ebe obibi, na-ebutekwa ihe onwunwe. Ya mere, nyochaa usoro ọnọdụ nke mgbake ọgwụgwọ nke n&39;efu lithium-ion batrị n&39;ụlọ na ná mba ọzọ, na-achikota mmepe ntụziaka nke n&39;efu lithium-ion batrị mgbake usoro, ọ nwere mkpa bara uru bara uru.

Otu ihe dị mkpa nke batrị lithium-ion gụnyere ụlọ, electrolyte, anode material, cathode material, adhesive, foil copper, na aluminum foil, na ihe ndị yiri ya. N&39;etiti ha, CO, Li, Ni uka ụmụ irighiri bụ 5% ka 15%, 2% ka 7%, 0,5% ka 2%, nakwa dị ka metal ọcha dị ka Al, Cu, Fe, na uru nke ihe ndị dị mkpa components, na anode The ihe na cathode ihe akaụntụ maka banyere 33% na 10%, na electrolyte na diaphragm na-akwanyere .31% .

Ọla ndị dị mkpa enwetara na batrị lithium ion mkpofu bụ Co na Li, ihe nkiri cobalt lithium etinyere na ihe anode. Karịsịa n&39;ime akụrụngwa cobalt nke obodo m dị ntakịrị, mmepe na itinye n&39;ọrụ siri ike, na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke cobalt na batrị lithium-ion bụ ihe dị ka 15%, nke bụ oge 850 na-eso ogbunigwe cobalt. Ugbu a, ngwa nke LiCoO2 bụ batrị lithium ion nke ihe dị mma, nke nwere lithium cobalt organte, lithium hexafluorophosphate, organic carbonate, carbon material, copper, aluminum, etc.

, egosiri ihe dị n&39;ime igwe dị mkpa na Tebụl 1. A na-amụwanye usoro mmiri mmiri iji gwọọ batrị lithium-ion n&39;efu ugbu a, a na-egosipụtakwa usoro a na foto 1. Ahụmịhe dị mkpa nkebi 3: 1) Pịa batrị lithium ion enyemaka enwetara ka ịwepụ kpamkpam, nkewa dị mfe, wdg.

The electrode ihe enwetara mgbe tupu ọgwụgwọ agbaze, nke mere na dị iche iche ọla na ogige ya n&39;ime ụdị ion n&39;ime leaching mmiri mmiri; 3) Nkewa na mgbake nke metal bara uru na ngwọta leaching, ọkwa a bụ isi ihe na-eme ka usoro ọgwụgwọ batrị lithium ion ghara imebi Ọ bụkwa ihe na-elekwasị anya na ihe isi ike nke ndị nchọpụta ruo ọtụtụ afọ. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, usoro nkewa na mgbake dị mkpa na mmịpụta ihe mgbaze, mmiri ozuzo, electrolysis, usoro mgbanwe ion, salting na etiology. 1.

1, ihe mkpofu ọkụ eletrik nke ọkụ eletrik fọdụrụnụ, akụkụ fọdụrụnụ nke batrị ion, na-ahapụ nke ọma tupu nhazi ya, ma ọ bụghị ya, ike fọdụrụnụ ga-etinye uche na nnukwu okpomọkụ, nke nwere ike ịkpata mmetụta ọjọọ dị ka ihe ize ndụ nchekwa. Enwere ike kewaa usoro mkpofu nke batrị lithium ion n&39;efu ụzọ abụọ, nke bụ mwepu anụ ahụ na mwepu kemịkalụ. N&39;ime ha, mwepu anụ ahụ bụ mwepu mkpirisi okirikiri, na-ejikarị nitrogen mmiri mmiri na mmiri oyi ndị ọzọ na-eme ka oyi na-adị obere, wee pịa oghere a na-amanye.

N&39;oge mbụ, Umicore, US Umicore, TOXCO na-eji nitrogen mmiri mmiri na-emepụta batrị lithium ion n&39;efu, ma usoro a dị elu maka ngwá ọrụ, ọ bụghị adabara maka nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe; Mwepu kemịkalụ dị na ngwọta na-eduzi (mwepụta ike fọdụrụnụ na electrolysis na ngwọta NaCl. N&39;oge mbụ, Nan Junmin, wdg, tinye batrị lithium ion monomer n&39;efu n&39;ime akpa nchara nke mmiri na onye na-eduzi elektrọn, mana ebe ọ bụ na electrolyte nke batrị lithium ion nwere LiPF6, mmeghachi omume ahụ gosipụtara na kọntaktị na mmiri.

HF, na-ebute mmerụ ahụ na gburugburu ebe obibi na ndị na-arụ ọrụ, ya mere ọ dị mkpa ka ịme mmiri mmiri alkaline ozugbo ọ kwụsịrị. N&39;afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, Song Xiuling, wdg. Ntinye nke 2g / L, oge mgbapụta bụ 8h, voltaji nkwado ikpeazụ na-ebelata ka 0.

54V, izute akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma ihe achọrọ. N&39;ụzọ dị iche, ego nkwụsị nke kemịkalụ dị ala, ọrụ ahụ dị mfe, nwere ike izute ngwa nke nnukwu nkwụsị, ma electrolyte nwere mmetụta ọjọọ na ụlọ na akụrụngwa ígwè. 1.

2, usoro nke imebi nkewa na nkewa dị mkpa iji kewapụ ihe electrode site na ikpochapụ ọtụtụ ọkwa, nyocha, wdg. site n&39;ichipịa ọtụtụ ọkwa, nyocha, wdg. site n&39;ichipịa ọtụtụ ọkwa, nyocha, wdg.

, iji kwado ojiji ọkụ na-esote. Usoro, usoro mmiri, wdg. Mechanical nkewa usoro bụ otu n&39;ime pretreatment ụzọ a na-emekarị na-eji, mfe nweta nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ ulo oru mgbake ọgwụgwọ nke n&39;efu lithium-ion batrị.

SHIN et al., Site n&39;ichipịa, nyocha, nkewa magnetik, ezigbo pulverizing na nhazi ọkwa iji nweta nkwalite nkewa nke LiCoO2. Nsonaazụ na-egosi na enwere ike imeziwanye mgbake nke metal a na-achọsi ike n&39;okpuru ọnọdụ ka mma, ma ebe ọ bụ na batrị lithium ion batrị dị mgbagwoju anya, ọ na-esiri ike ikewapụ ihe ndị ahụ kpamkpam site na usoro a; Li et al.

, Jiri ụdị ọhụrụ nke usoro nkewa n&39;ibu, mmelite arụmọrụ mgbake nke CO na-ebelata oriri ike na mmetọ. Banyere ihe nkedo electrode kewara, a na-asacha ya ma kpalie ya na mmiri mmiri 55 ¡ã C, na ngwakọta a na-akpali maka 10 min, na 92% electrode ihe na-esi na ya pụta na-ekewapụ na mmiri mmiri dị ugbu a. N&39;otu oge ahụ, onye nchịkọta nke ugbu a nwere ike nwetaghachi n&39;ụdị ígwè.

1.3, usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ dị mkpa iji wepụ ihe ndị dị ndụ, toner, wdg, toner, wdg.

nke batrị lithium ion mkpofu, na nkewa maka ihe electrode na mmiri dị ugbu a. Usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ dị ugbu a na-abụkarị ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ dị elu, ma enwere nsogbu nke nkewa dị ala, mmetọ gburugburu ebe obibi, wdg, iji mee ka usoro ahụ dịkwuo mma, n&39;ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, nchọpụta ahụ nwere ọtụtụ ihe.

SUN et al., A na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ pyrolysis, a na-ebuli ihe batrị na-ekpofu ọkụ n&39;ime ọkụ ọkụ tupu ya agbaze, na okpomọkụ dị 10 ¡ã C ruo 600 ¡ã C maka 30 min, na ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-emebi na obere mmiri mmiri ma ọ bụ gas. Enwere ike iji ya maka akụrụngwa akụrụngwa iche iche.

N&39;otu oge ahụ, LiCoO2 oyi akwa na-aghọ rụrụ na mfe ikewapụ na aluminum foil mgbe kpo oku, nke bara uru maka ikpeazụ inorganic metal oxide. Ngwọta nke ihe mkpofu lithium ion batrị dị mma. Nsonaazụ na-egosi na mgbe usoro ahụ erughị 1.

0 kPa, mmeghachi omume mmeghachi omume bụ 600 ¡ã C, oge mmeghachi omume bụ 30 min, ihe nkedo organic nwere ike iwepụ nke ukwuu, na ọtụtụ n&39;ime ihe na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma electrode na-ewepụ na foil aluminum, a na-edebe foil aluminum. N&39;iji ya tụnyere usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ nke oge ochie, enwere ike nwetaghachi pyrolysis nke na-ekpo ọkụ dị iche iche, na-emeziwanye ojiji nke ihe onwunwe, ebe ọ na-egbochi ikuku ndị na-egbu egbu site na ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-eme ka ọ ghara imebi na gburugburu ebe obibi, ma ngwá ọrụ dị elu, mgbagwoju anya, nkwalite mmepụta ihe nwere ụfọdụ njedebe. 1.

4. Ọtụtụ mgbe, PVDF na mgbaze electrode nke ike pola organic mgbaze, nke mere na nti electrode ihe na-wepụ na nke ugbu a mmiri aluminum foil. Liang Lijun ahọrọ a dịgasị iche iche nke pola organic solvents maka igbari na-etipịa nti electrode ihe, na chọpụtara na kacha mgbaze bụ N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), na nti electrode ihe n&39;ọrụ umi LIFEPO4 na carbon ngwakọta nwere ike mere n&39;okpuru ezigbo ọnọdụ.

A na-ekewapụ ya kpamkpam na aluminom foil; Hanisch et al, na-eji usoro mgbasa ozi iji họrọ electrode nke ọma mgbe ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ na nkewa nrụgide n&39;ibu na usoro nyocha. A na-emeso electrode na 90 ¡ã C na NMP maka 10 ruo 20 min. Mgbe ịmegharị ugboro 6, ihe nkedo na ihe electrode nwere ike ịgbaze kpamkpam, mmetụta nkewa ahụ dịkwa nke ọma.

A na-atụnyere solubility na ụzọ ndị ọzọ tupu ọgwụgwọ, na ọrụ dị mfe, na ọ nwere ike imeziwanye mmetụta nkewa na mgbake nke ọma, na atụmanya ngwa mmepụta ihe dị mma. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, NMP na-ejikarị ihe nkedo ahụ eme ihe, nke ka mma, ma n&39;ihi enweghị ọnụahịa, mgbanwe, obere nsị, wdg, ruo n&39;ókè ụfọdụ, ruo n&39;ókè ụfọdụ, ngwa nkwalite ụlọ ọrụ ya.

The mgbasa leaching usoro bụ igbari na electrode ihe enwetara mgbe pretreatment, nke mere na metal ọcha na electrode ihe n&39;ime ihe ngwọta n&39;ụdị ion, na mgbe ahụ selectively kewapụrụ iche iche nkewa usoro na recovers mkpa metal CO, Li et al. Ụzọ agbazere leaching dị mkpa gụnyere kemikal leaching na leaching ndu. 2.

1, chemical leaching ot chemical leaching usoro bụ iji nweta dissolution leaching nke electrode ihe site acid imikpu ma ọ bụ alkaline imikpu, na ọ dị mkpa na-agụnye a nzọụkwụ leaching usoro na abụọ-nzọụkwụ leaching usoro. Otu nzọụkwụ leaching usoro na-ejikarị inorganic acid HCl, HNO3, H2SO4, na ihe ndị dị ka igbari ozugbo na electrode ihe ozugbo na electrode ihe, ma dị otú ahụ usoro ga-enwe na-emerụ gas dị ka CL2, SO2, nke mere na iyuzucha gas ọgwụgwọ. Nnyocha ahụ chọpụtara na H2O2, Na2S2O3 na ndị ọzọ na-ebelata ihe ndị dị ka H2O2, Na2S2O3 ka agbakwunyere na onye na-ahụ maka ịcha mmiri, enwere ike idozi nsogbu a nke ọma, CO3 + dịkwa mfe igbari CO2 + n&39;ime mmiri mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ, si otú ahụ na-abawanye ọnụ ọgụgụ leaching.

Pan Xiaoyong et al. Nabata sistemu H2SO4-Na2S2O3 iji leach ihe elektrọd, na-ekewa ma na-agbake CO, Li. Nsonaazụ gosiri na mkpokọta H + nke 3 mol / L, N2S2O3 ịta nke 0.

25 mol / L, mmiri mmiri siri ike ruru 15: 1, 90 ¡ã C, CO, Li leaching ọnụego bụ elu karịa 97%; Chen Liang et al, H2SO4 + H2O2 ka leaching Leaching ihe na-arụ ọrụ. Nsonaazụ gosiri na mmiri siri ike ruru 10: 1, H2SO4 ịta 2.5 mol / l, H2O2 gbakwunyere site na 2.

0 ml / g (ntụ ntụ), okpomọkụ 85 ¡ã C, oge nkwụsị nke 120 min, Co, Ni na Mn, 97%, n&39;otu n&39;otu, 98% na 96%; Lu Xiuyuan et al. Iji leach ojiji nke H2SO4 + Welitere n&39;ụlọnga usoro ka leach n&39;efu elu-nickel batrị lithium-ion nti electrode ihe (lini0.6CO0.

2Mn0.2O2), mụọ ihe ndị na-ebelata ihe dị iche iche (H2O2, glucose na Na2SO3) na mmetụta leaching metal. mmetụta.

Nsonaazụ na-egosi na n&39;okpuru ọnọdụ kachasị mma, a na-eji H2O2 mee ihe dị ka onye na-ebelata ihe, na mmetụta leaching nke metal dị mkpa bụ ọkachamma 100%, 96.79%, 98.62%, 97%, n&39;otu n&39;otu.

Echiche zuru oke, na-eji ihe ndị na-ebelata acid dị ka usoro leaching, ọ bụ usoro nchịkọta isi nke ọgwụgwọ ụlọ ọrụ ugbu a nke batrị lithium-ion n&39;efu n&39;ihi uru nke imikpu acid kpọmkwem, ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu dị elu, mmeghachi omume ngwa ngwa, wdg. The abụọ-nzọụkwụ leaching usoro bụ ịrụ alkali leaching mgbe a dị mfe tupu ọgwụgwọ, nke mere na Al n&39;ụdị NaAlO2 n&39;ụdị NaAlO2, na mgbe ahụ na-agbakwunye a mbenata gị n&39;ụlọnga H2O2 ma ọ bụ Na2S2O3 dị ka leaching ngwọta, nwetara The leaching mmiri mmiri na-gbanwee site n&39;ịgbanwe pH, selectively dozie n&39;ihu Al, Fe na-anakọta na-ebu si n&39;aka liquo; na nkewa. Deng Chao Yong et al.

Emere ya site na iji 10% NaOH ngwọta, na Al leaching ọnụego bụ 96.5%, 2 mol / L H2SO4 na 30% H2O2 bụ acid imikpu, na CO leaching ọnụego bụ 98.8%.

Ụkpụrụ leaching bụ nke a: 2licoo2 + 3H2SO4 + H2O2→A ga-enweta Li2SO4 + 2CoSO4 + 4H2O + O2 site na ngwọta leaching enwetara, yana mmịpụta ọtụtụ ọkwa, na mgbake CO ikpeazụ ruru 98%. Usoro dị mfe, dị mfe iji rụọ ọrụ, obere corrosion, obere mmetọ. 2.

2, Iwu Leaching Biological Dị ka mmepe teknụzụ, teknụzụ biometrial nwere usoro mmepe ka mma yana atụmanya ngwa n&39;ihi nchedo gburugburu ebe obibi nke ọma, ọnụ ala dị ala. Usoro leaching ndu dabeere na oxidation nke nje bacteria, nke mere na metal n&39;ime ngwọta n&39;ụdị ion. N&39;afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, ụfọdụ ndị nchọpụta amụwo ọnụ ahịa ọla dị ọnụ ahịa n&39;iji usoro leaching ndu.

MISHRA et al. Iji inorganic acid na eosubric acid oxide oxide bacillus na-agbaze batrị lithium ion mkpofu, na-eji ihe S na Fe2 + dị ka ume, H2SO4 na FE3 + na metabolites ndị ọzọ na usoro leaching, ma jiri metabolites ndị a gbazee batrị lithium Ion ochie. Nnyocha ahụ chọpụtara na ọnụọgụ mgbasa nke CO dị ngwa karịa Li.

Fe2 + nwere ike ịkwalite mmụba biota, FE3 + na metal na ihe fọdụrụ. Oke mmiri siri ike dị elu, ntụgharị

, uto ọhụrụ nke ntinye ígwè, nwere ike igbochi uto nke nje bacteria, adịghị akwado mgbasa nke ígwè; MarcináKováEtOAc. Ihe oriri na-edozi ahụ bụ nke mineral niile achọrọ maka uto nje bacteria, na obere ihe na-edozi ahụ na-eji ike na H2SO4 na element S. Nnyocha ahụ chọpụtara na na gburugburu ebe nri na-edozi ahụ bara ụba, ọnụego leaching ndu nke Li na CO bụ 80% na 67%, n&39;otu n&39;otu; na ebe nri dị ala, naanị 35% Li na 10.

5% CO agbazere. Usoro leaching ndu usoro tụnyere omenala acid-ebelata gị n&39;ụlọnga leaching usoro, nwere uru nke ala na-eri na green gburugburu ebe obibi nchebe, ma leaching ọnụego nke dị mkpa ọla (CO, Li et al.) Dịtụ ala, na nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ nhazi nke ulo oru nwere ụfọdụ adịghị ike.

3.1, ihe mgbaze mmịpụta usoro ihe mgbaze mmịpụta usoro bụ ugbu a usoro nkewa na mgbake nke metal ọcha nke n&39;efu lithium batrị batrị, nke bụ na-etolite a kwụsiri ike mgbagwoju na lekwasịrị ion na leaching mmiri mmiri, na-eji kwesịrị ekwesị organic solvents. Kewapụ iche, iji wepụta ọla ezubere iche na ngwakọta.

A na-ejikarị extractants eme ihe dị mkpa maka Cyanex272, Acorgam5640, P507, D2EHPA na PC-88A, wdg. Swain et al. Mụta mmetụta nke ntinye uche nke CYANEX272 na CO, Li.

Nsonaazụ gosiri na ntinye nke 2.5 ruo 40 mol / m3, CO mụbara site na 7.15% ruo 99.

90%, na mmịpụta Li mụbara site na 1.36% ruo 7.8%; ịta nke 40 ka 75 mol / m3, CO mmịpụta ọnụego ndabere A na-agbakwunye ọnụego mmịpụta nke Li ọhụrụ na 18%, na mgbe itinye uche dị elu karịa 75 mol / m3, ihe nkewa nke CO na-ebelata mkpokọta, ihe kacha nkewa bụ 15641.

Mgbe usoro ụzọ abụọ nke Wu Fang gasịrị, mgbe ọ wepụsịrị ihe nkedo nke P204, P507 na-esi na CO, Li, wee gbanwee H2SO4, na mgbakwunye na-enweta na-agbakwunye na Na2CO3 nhọrọ mgbake Li2CO3. Mgbe pH bụ 5.5, CO, Li nkewa ihe ruru 1×105, CO mgbake dị n&39;elu 99%; kang et al.

Site ịnụ ọkụ n&39;obi 5% ka 20% CO, 5% ~ 7% Li, 5% ~ 10% Ni, 5% organic chemicals na 7% plastic n&39;efu lithium ion Cobalt sulfate na-enwetara na batrị, na CO ịta bụ 28 g / L, na pH na-gbanwee na 6.5 biri metal ion adịghị ọcha na ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka Cu. Wee wepụta Co site na usoro mmiri dị ọcha site na Cyanex 272, mgbe pH <6, the separation factor of CO / Li and CO / Ni is close to 750, and the total recovery of CO is about 92%.

Enwere ike ịchọta na ntinye nke onye na-emepụta ihe na-enwe mmetụta dị ukwuu na ọnụ ọgụgụ mmịpụta, na nkewa nke ọla dị mkpa (CO na Li) nwere ike nweta site na ịchịkwa pH nke usoro mmepụta ihe. N&39;okwu a, a na-eji batrị lithium-ion n&39;efu na-emeso iji usoro mmịpụta agwakọta, nke nwere ike nweta nkewa nhọrọ na mgbake nke ion metal dị mkpa. PRANOLO et al, usoro mmịpụta agwakọta ahọpụtara enwetara Co na Li n&39;ime mkpofu batrị lithium-ion.

Nsonaazụ gosiri na 2% (olu ratio) ACORGAM 5640 na-agbakwunyere na 7% (olu ratio) Ionquest801, na pH nke mmịpụta Cu nwere ike ibelata, na Cu, Al, FE ga-amịpụtara n&39;ime organic na-adọ site akara usoro pH, na mejuputa nkewa na Co, Ni, Li. A na-achịkwa pH nke usoro ahụ na 5.5 ruo 6.

0, na Co nhọrọ mmịpụta nke CO nhọrọ mmịpụta, Ni na Li na mmịpụta mmiri mmiri bụ negligible; Zhang Xinle et al. A na-eji imi acid - mmịpụta - precipitation Co n&39;ime batrị ion. Nsonaazụ na-egosi na ntinye acid bụ 3.

5, na onye na-emepụta P507 na Cyanex272 olu nke 1: 1 bụ nke a na-ewepụta, ihe nchịkọta CO bụ 95.5%. Ojiji nke H2SO4 na-esote dabara adaba, na pellet nke mgbochi mmịpụta pH bụ 4 min, na oke mmiri ozuzo nke CO nwere ike iru 99.

9%. Comprehensive ele, ihe mgbaze mmịpụta usoro nwere uru nke ala ume oriri, ezi nkewa mmetụta, acid imikpu-ihe mgbaze mmịpụta usoro bụ ugbu a mainstream usoro nke n&39;efu lithium batrị ion batrị, ma n&39;ihu njikarịcha nke extractants na mmịpụta ọnọdụ Ọ bụ ugbu a nnyocha na-elekwasị anya n&39;ọhịa a iji nweta ọzọ nke ọma na gburugburu ebe obibi enyi na enyi na recyclable mmetụta. 3.

2, usoro mmiri ozuzo bụ ịkwadebe batrị lithium-ion mkpofu. Mgbe dissolving, na CO, Li ngwọta na-enwetara, na precipitant na-agbakwunyere na ọdịda, ihe dị mkpa lekwasịrị metal Co, Li, wdg, iji nweta nkewa nke ọla.

SUN et al. E mesiri ike iji H2C2O4 dị ka onye na-ahụ maka ịsa ahụ mgbe mmiri ozuzo nke CO ion na ngwọta n&39;ụdị COC 2O4, na mgbe ahụ Al (OH) 3 na Li2CO3 na-ebute site n&39;ịgbakwunye NaOH na Na2CO3. Nkewa; A na-ahazi Pan Xiaoyong et al gburugburu PH ka ọ bụrụ 5.

0, nke nwere ike iwepu ọtụtụ Cu, Al, Ni. Mgbe ọzọ mmịpụta, 3% H2C2O4 na jujuru Na2CO3 mmezi COC2O4 na Li2CO3, CO mgbake dị elu karịa 99% The Li mgbake ọnụego bụ elu karịa 98%; Li Jinhui pretreated mgbe nkwadebe nke ihe mkpofu batrị lithium ion batrị, a na-enyocha akụkụ nke ihe na-erughị 1.43 mm na ntinye nke 0.

5 ruo 1.0 mol / L, na oke mmiri siri ike bụ 15 ruo 25 g / L. 40 ~ 90min, n&39;ihi na COC2O4 precipitate na Li2C2O4 leaching ngwọta, ikpeazụ COC2O4 na Li2C2O4 mgbake gafere 99%.

Mmiri ozuzo dị elu, na mgbake nke ọla dị mkpa dị elu. PH na-achịkwa nwere ike nweta nkewa nke ọla, nke dị mfe iji nweta mmepụta ihe, ma ọ dị mfe na-egbochi adịghị ọcha, nke dị ntakịrị. Ya mere, isi ihe dị na usoro a bụ ịhọrọ onye na-ahụ maka mmiri ozuzo na-ahọrọ ma kwalite ọnọdụ usoro, na-achịkwa usoro nke mmiri ozuzo metal privalent, si otú ahụ meziwanye ịdị ọcha nke ngwaahịa ahụ.

3.3. Usoro electrolytic electrolytic na-eweghachi metal valvily n&39;ime batrị lithium ion mkpofu, bụ usoro nke electrolysis kemịkalụ na electrode ihe na-agbapụta mmiri mmiri, nke mere na ọ na-ebelata ka ọ bụrụ otu ma ọ bụ sedimenti.

Akwụsịla ihe ndị ọzọ, ọ dịghị mfe ịmebata ihe ndị na-adịghị ọcha, nwere ike nweta ngwaahịa dị ọcha dị elu, ma n&39;ihe banyere ọtụtụ ion, nchịkọta mkpokọta na-eme, si otú ahụ na-ebelata ịdị ọcha nke ngwaahịa, mgbe ị na-eri ike eletrik. Myung et al. Batrị lithium ion na-ekpofu ihe dị mma na-agbapụta mmiri mmiri maka ọgwụgwọ HNO3 bụ ihe eji eme ihe, a na-enwetakwa cobalt site na usoro nwere ike mgbe niile.

N&39;oge usoro electrolysis, O2 na-ebelata na NO3 - mmeghachi omume mbelata, a na-agbakwunye OH-ntụgharị uche, na CO (OH) 2 na-emepụta n&39;elu Ti cathode, na ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ na-enweta site na CO3O4. Usoro mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ bụ nke a: 2H2O + O2 + 4E→4OHNO3- + H2O + 2E→NO2- + 2OHCO3 ++ E→CO2 + CO2 ++ 2OH- / TI→CO (OH) 2 / Ti3CO (OH) 2 / Ti + 1 / 2O2→CO3O4 / TI + 3H2OFREITAS, wdg, na-eji ikike mgbe niile na teknụzụ dị ike na-agbake CO site na ihe dị mma nke batrị lithium ion mkpofu.

Nsonaazụ gosiri na ụgwọ ọrụ nke CO na-ebelata ka pH na-abawanye, pH = 5.40, nwere -1.00V, ụgwọ njupụta 10.

0c / cm 2, arụmọrụ ụgwọ kachasị, na-eru 96.60%. Usoro mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ bụ nke a: CO2 ++ 2OH-→CO (OH) 2 (S) CO (OH) 2 (S) + 2E→CO (S) + 2OH-3.

4, ion mgbanwe usoro ion mgbanwe usoro bụ ihe dị iche na adsorption ikike nke dị iche iche metal ion complexes dị ka Co, Ni, na-aghọta nkewa na mmịpụta nke ọla. FENG et al. Na-agbakwụnye na mgbake nke CO site na nti electrode ihe H2SO4 leaching mmiri mmiri.

Ọmụmụ banyere mgbake nke cobalt na ikewapụ adịghị ọcha ndị ọzọ na ihe ndị dị ka pH, okirikiri nke leach. Nsonaazụ gosiri na a na-eji resin TP207 na-achịkwa pH = 2.5, a na-emeso mgbasa ozi 10.

Mwepụ nke Cu ruru 97.44%, na mgbake nke cobalt ruru 90.2%.

Usoro ahụ nwere nhọrọ siri ike nke ion lekwasịrị anya, usoro dị mfe ma dị mfe iji rụọ ọrụ, a na-amịpụta maka mmịpụta nke ọnụahịa nke metal na-agbanwe na batrị lithium ion n&39;efu, nke enyela ụzọ ọhụrụ, ma n&39;ihi oke ọnụ ahịa dị elu, ngwa mmepụta ihe. 3.5, saltingation nke salinization bụ iji belata dielectric mgbe nile nke leaching mmiri mmiri site na-agbakwụnye juputara (NH4) 2SO4 ngwọta na ala dielectric mgbe nile mgbaze na mkpofu lithium ion batrị leaching ngwọta, si otú ibelata dielectric mgbe nile nke leaching mmiri mmiri, na cobalt nnu na-precipitated si ngwọta.

Usoro dị mfe, dị mfe iji rụọ ọrụ ma dị ala, ma n&39;okpuru ọnọdụ nke ion metal dị iche iche, na mmiri ozuzo nke nnu ndị ọzọ, si otú ahụ belata ịdị ọcha nke ngwaahịa ahụ. Jin Yujian et al, dị ka ozizi nke ọgbara ọhụrụ nke ngwọta electrolyte si dị, iji batrị lithium ion salinated. A jupụtara (NH4) 2SO4 aqueous ngwọta na anhydrous ethanol na-agbakwunyere site na HCl leaching mmiri mmiri si LiiCoO2 dị ka a nti electrode, na mgbe ngwọta, jujuru (NH4) 2SO4 aqueous ngwọta na anhydrous ethanol bụ 2: 1: 3, CO2 + ọnụego mmiri ozuzo karịa 92%.

Ngwaahịa salted na-esi na ya pụta bụ (NH4) 2CO (SO4) 2 na (NH4) Al (SO4) 2, nke na-eji nnu nkewa kewaa nnu abụọ ahụ, si otú ahụ nweta ngwaahịa dị iche iche. Banyere mmịpụta na nkewa nke metal bara uru na leach batrị lithium ion mkpofu, nke dị n&39;elu bụ ụzọ ole na ole iji mụọ ihe. N&39;ịtụle ihe ndị dị ka nhazi olu, ụgwọ ọrụ, ịdị ọcha ngwaahịa na mmetọ nke abụọ, Tebụl 2 na-achikota usoro teknụzụ nke atụnyere ọtụtụ mmịpụta nkewa nke metal akọwara n&39;elu.

Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ntinye nke batrị lithium-ion na ike eletrik na akụkụ ndị ọzọ ka ukwuu, na ọnụ ọgụgụ batrị lithium-ion n&39;efu enweghị ike ilele anya. N&39;oge a, usoro mgbake batrị lithium-ion na-enweghị ihe mkpofu dị mkpa maka ọgwụgwọ tupu ọgwụgwọ - leaching-wet recycling. Ọgwụgwọ mbụ gụnyere ịgbasa, nchipịa na nkewa ihe elektrọd, wdg.

N&39;ime ha, mgbasa usoro dị mfe, na ọ nwere ike n&39;ụzọ dị irè melite nkewa mmetụta na mgbake ọnụego, ma ugbu a na-eji ịrịba mgbaze (NMP) dị oké ọnụ ruo n&39;ókè ụfọdụ, nke mere na ngwa nke ọzọ kwesịrị ekwesị mgbaze kwesịrị nnyocha na ubi a. Otu n&39;ime ntụziaka. Usoro nke leaching dị mkpa na onye na-eme ka acid na-ebelata acid dị ka onye na-emepụta ihe, nke nwere ike nweta mmetụta leaching a na-ahọrọ, ma a ga-enwe mmetọ nke abụọ dị ka mmiri mmiri mkpofu inorganic, na usoro nchịkwa nke ndu nwere uru nke ọma, nchebe gburugburu ebe obibi na ọnụ ala dị ala, ma enwere ígwè dị mkpa.

Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke leaching dị oke elu, na njikarịcha nhọrọ nke nje bacteria na njikarịcha nke ọnọdụ leaching nwere ike ime ka ọnụ ọgụgụ nke leaching dịkwuo elu, otu n&39;ime ntụziaka nyocha nke usoro nchịkọta n&39;ọdịnihu. Valentine ọla na mmiri mgbake leaching ngwọta bụ isi njikọ nke n&39;efu lithium-ion batrị mgbake usoro, na isi ihe na ihe isi ike nke nnyocha na-adịbeghị anya, na ụzọ dị mkpa nwere ihe mgbaze mmịpụta, ọdịda, electrolysis, ion mgbanwe usoro, nnu analysis Chere. N&39;ime ha, ihe mgbaze mmịpụta usoro a na-eji ugbu a n&39;ọtụtụ ụzọ, na ala mmetọ, obere ike oriri, elu nkewa mmetụta na ngwaahịa ịdị ọcha, na nhọrọ na mmepe nke ọzọ nke ọma na ala-eri extractants, n&39;ụzọ dị irè mbenata ọrụ ụgwọ, na Ọzọkwa nnyocha nke dị iche iche extractants synergies nwere ike ịbụ otu n&39;ime ntụziaka nke na-elekwasị anya nke ubi a.

Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, usoro mmiri ozuzo bụkwa isi ihe na ntụziaka ọzọ nke nyocha ya n&39;ihi uru ya dị elu nke mgbake dị elu, ọnụ ala na nhazi dị elu. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, nsogbu dị mkpa na ọnụnọ nke usoro mmiri ozuzo dị ala, ya mere, banyere nhọrọ na usoro nhazi usoro nke sedimentation, ọ ga-achịkwa usoro nke privalent metal ion ọdịda, si otú ahụ na-abawanye ịdị ọcha ngwaahịa ga-enwe atụmanya ngwa ngwa ụlọ ọrụ ka mma. N&39;otu oge ahụ, n&39;ime usoro ọgwụgwọ batrị lithium-ion n&39;efu, mmetọ nke abụọ dị ka mmiri mmiri n&39;efu, ihe fọdụrụnụ enweghị ike igbochi, na mmebi nke mmetọ nke abụọ na-ebelata ebe a na-eji akụrụngwa nweta batrị lithium ion efu.

gburugburu, ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma na ọnụ ala dị ala rec.