Ngaphezu kwamathani angu-300,000 amabhethri emfucuza ngonyaka alahla iphazili yokuvuselela ibhethri ye-lithium ngokungemthetho

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - Pārnēsājamas spēkstacijas piegādātājs

"Angazi ukuthi lawa ma-battery ashonaphi, u-hawker uyaqoqwa, ibiza bani?. “Muva nje, esitolo esinesivinini esiphansi esihambisa izimoto zikagesi e-Weifang City, eDolobheni lase-Weifang, eSifundazweni SaseShandong, umnikazi washo lokho. Lapho sibhekene nenani elikhulu lamabhethri e-lithium-ion alahliwe, akuwona nje abantu abavamile, ngisho noma imifula namachibi amadala embonini engakwazi ukuyiphendula.

IDolobha i-Weifang iyimoto yokuqala kagesi ehamba ngesivinini esiphansi yokuqala enkulu kunazo zonke ezweni lami, okwenze iSifundazwe saseShandong sibe ukukhiqiza izithuthuthu zikagesi ezihamba ngesivinini esiphansi kunazo zonke ezweni. Lesi sitolo silingana ne-Weifang City kuphela, indawo enkulu yokusabalalisa izimoto zikagesi ezinesivinini esiphansi. Esinye sezitolo esikulesi sitolo, izimoto ezidayiswa esitolo zisebenzisa amabhethri aneasidi yomthofu.

Ngokusho kokuhlangenwe nakho okuhlobene nesikhathi esedlule, umphathi usho ukuthi abathengi bangeza esitolo ukuzolungisa isitolo ukuze balungise isitolo, noma badayisele ngqo kumthengisi, kodwa mayelana nendlela yebhethri, akwaziwa. “Ibhethri elidala licishe libe ngamayuan ayi-100. Ukuthi kuzoba nokumoshakala yini,.

"Kusho lo muntu. Njengoba nje u-Jinbao Street, ongekude no-Minsheng Street, kunendawo yokugaywa kabusha exhunywe ngokuqondile kubakhiqizi - i-Weifang New Energy Automobile Service Centre, umthwalo obalulekile u-Qi Rui, kuno-Devin, Ukunciphisa izinkampani ezintathu zezimoto zamandla amasha, Kubandakanya ukulungiswa, ukubuyiswa kwebhethri, njll. “I-battery iphukile noma iphelelwe yisikhathi, umnikazi angafika la, nawe ungasibiza sizokwenza isidala nendlu, sizothumela i-battery yemfucuza kumkhiqizi.

"Umuntu ophethe i-Weifang New Energy Automobile Service Centre etshela izintatheli. Ngokusho kwalo muntu ophethe, mayelana nokugaywa kabusha kwebhethri, yizitolo ezisezingeni lokuqala zemikhiqizo ye-Weifang. I-Weifang futhi isetha indawo encane yokuthola ibhethri lesibili.

Lawa masayithi azobuyisela ibhethri eligaywe kabusha endaweni ephumayo yeleveli yokuqala, bese ibuyisela kumkhiqizi ngezitolo ezisezingeni lokuqala. Ungena esitolo sokulungisa sendawo egaywa kabusha, faka amalebula ambalwa ngaphansi kwetafula, "Tianneng", "Super Wei" ibhokisi. “Ibhethri eligaywa kabusha alibudlabha, ngisho nebhokisi lizothumela ibhokisi uma lithumela ibhethri elisha, futhi alilungile.

"Eqinisweni, hhayi kuphela" i-Tianneng "," i-Super Wei "izinkampani ezimbili, okwamanje izinkampani zebhethri ze-lithium-ion ezinamandla i-Ningde Times, i-Sandton, njll., wonke amadolobha ezwe asungula kancane kancane inethiwekhi enamandla yokuvuselela ibhethri ye-lithium-ion. “I-Weifang kufanele kube yindawo esemthethweni okumele yenziwe kuleli.

“Inkampani yasendaweni ekhiqiza izimoto zikagesi itshele izintatheli. Kodwa-ke, uhlelo lokubuyisela oluthuthukisiwe kancane kancane aluvinjwa ngokuphelele ibhethri ye-lithium-ion eguquguqukayo ukuze igeleze endaweni yokusebenzela encane, kodwa ukwakha uhlelo oluguquguqukayo lwebhethri ye-lithium-ion ezweni. "Imakethe yebhethri le-lead-acid iyasebenziseka kabusha, amabhethri amaningi alahliwe agelezela kubathengisi ngabanye.

“Kukhombe abantu abazanayo. Emkhakheni wokuvuselela ibhethri ye-lithium-ion enamandla, ayibambeki kuphela ezindabeni zokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, kodwa futhi inkampani ibonisa manje "ukulahlekelwa okukodwa okukodwa", okuthuthukisiwe kumbuthano ononya. amathani angu-300,000 amabhethri e-lead-acid unyaka ngamunye alahlwa ngokungemthetho "Ngaphezu kwengxenye yebhethri le-asidi yomthofu igeleza esandleni.

“Engxoxweni nezintatheli uNobhala Jikelele weLithium New Energy Industry International Summit Forum Organising Committee yezwe lami ukusho lokho. Njengomkhiqizi omkhulu webhethri elineasidi eholayo ezweni, u-Zhang Tian, ​​uSihlalo we-Tianneng Group, uhlole ukutholwa kwamabhethri, futhi ngizizwa ngibuhlungu kakhulu ngalolu daba. "Ezweni lami 3.

amathani ayizigidi ezi-3 webhethri lemfucuza, ingxenye yokululama evamile ingaphansi kwama-30%. “Kulo nyaka, uZhang Tianshi uthe engxoxweni nentatheli. Njengommeleli weNational People&39;s Congress, u-Zhang Tianshi wethule isiphithiphithi ekusetshenzisweni kabusha kwebhethri ye-lithium-ion enamandla phakathi namaseshini amabili, futhi uhlongoza ukuthuthukisa ukunyakaza kokuqondisa ukutholwa kwebhethri le-lead-acid.

Bese, u-70% osele - Likuphi ibhethri le-lead-acid ngaphandle kwalawo mahhala ohlelweni olujwayelekile lokutakula? “Amabhethri amaningi aneasidi yomthofu agelezele ezandleni zezindawo ezihamba emigwaqweni. Imodi yabo yokuphatha ilula uma kuqhathaniswa, faka i-asidi ebhethrini, gcina kuphela ipuleti lomthofu elibaluleke kakhulu, bese uthengisa ipuleti lomthofu enkampanini ye-Disposal engekho emthethweni. "U-Yu Qing utshela izintatheli.

Lolu hlobo lokubuyisela aludali nje ukumoshwa kwezinsiza zokuhola, kodwa ukulahlekelwa intela, umthelela emvelweni mkhulu. Omunye wabantu basendaweni yase-Weifang ongathandanga ukuduma utshele izintatheli ukuthi ezinye izinkundla zokucobelelana ngolwazi ezingekho emthethweni zasendaweni zizojikijela lezi zingodi zomthofu ezithandweni ezivulekile, uma sezishisiwe, zizowela yonke indawo. “Angizange ngilokothe ​​ukubhekana nakho kule minyaka embalwa edlule, kodwa imfihlo iseyiningi.

"" "Inkampani emithathu encibilikisayo inezinga eliphansi lokusebenzisa eliphelele, ngokuvamile kuphela i-80% kuya ku-85%, kuze kufike ku-90%, okuholela emathani angaba ngu-160,000 omthofu minyaka yonke enqubweni yokuncibilikisa ngokungemthetho, intela yonyaka yezwe lami ilahlekile Ngakho-ke Cishe ama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-15. Kusho uZhang Tian. Futhi inani elikhulu lokuhola ngokungabikho kokulawula, ukukhukhula emoyeni, amanzi, imithombo yomhlabathi.

"Inani lokuqedwa kwebhethri lemfucuza likhuphuka unyaka nonyaka.". "Ngokusho kukaZhang Tianshi, imininingwane ethunyelwe kumaseshini amabili" ukunyakaza kulo nyaka, ukuphuma kwamabhethri e-lead-acid ezweni lami kufinyelele ku-22.

4 billion kVah, kanti izinga lebhethri likadoti nalo libe phezulu njengoba lifinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezi-3.3. Ngokohlelo lwebhethri lwe-"13th Five-Year Plan", ukukhiqizwa kwebhethri yezwe lami kuzofinyelela ku-350 million kVah eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo.

Pho kungani kuneziteshi ezisemthethweni, kodwa ishabhu encane isahlula uhlelo olujwayelekile lokugaywa kabusha endaweni yokusebenzela encane? Yini ekhangayo yendawo yokusebenzela encane? “Lapho ngithola amabhethri alahliwe, ngokuvamile senziwa ngezindlela ezindala ukuya kwezintsha. Sithenga abathengi abajwayelekile uma uthola amabhethri amadala. Leli akulona ithikithi lentela, kodwa kuyadingeka ukukhokha intela ye-value-added lapho wenza imikhiqizo.

Kukhona u-20% wenzuzo enkulu phakathi kokuthenga nokudayisa, futhi inzuzo emsulwa intela ngokuyisisekelo! “Inkampani egaya kabusha amabhethri kuthiwa ezintathelini. Lokhu okubizwa ngokuthi intela kubhekise ku-Ministry of Finance and State Administration of Taxation, kokuthi "Isaziso Ngokuqoqwa Kwentela Yokugcotshwa Neyokusebenzisa" ngomhla zingama-26 kuMasingana, 2015: "Kusukela ngo-February 1, 2015, Izoqoqa intela yokusetshenziswa kuzo zonke izinhlobo zamabhethri (amanye amabhethri akhululiwe), ekukhiqizeni, intela yekhomishana engu-4 esebenzayo kanye nenani lokungenisa liyasebenza. "Phakathi kwazo, ibhethri lithole intela yokusetshenziswa kusukela ngoJanuwari 1, 2016.

Ngokubona kwakhe, kungenxa yokuthi ayikho intela, akukho ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nezinye izindawo zokukhiqiza zokutshala izimali. Lezo "workshops ezincane" ngokuvamile zingaheha amabhethri kadoti ngezintengo eziphezulu zokutholwa. "Inkampani enkulu (inkampani evamile) ayinanzuzo, futhi indawo yokusebenzela encane iphila kahle kakhulu.

"Kusukela manje kuqhubeke, izinga lokugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri e-lead-acid liphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa, ngoba abakhiqizi abajwayelekile bazoba ngcono, kodwa amanye amabhethri e-lithium-ion, njengamabhethri e-lithium-ion, ngoba kunobunzima bezobuchwepheshe, futhi intengo yokutakula izoba phansi kakhulu. U-Zhang Tianshi uphinde wakhuluma ngokuphindaphindiwe ngendawo engenangqondo entela ekhona yokusetshenziswa kwebhethri esimweni sokuhambisa "izikhathi ezimbili", futhi wembula ukukhiqizwa okubuyela emuva kokugaywa kabusha okungekho emthethweni &39;, okusiza ukuxazulula ngokuphumelelayo ukungcoliswa kwemvelo kwezimboni zebhethri ezikhona; Ibhethri liphinde likhokhise intela yokusetshenziswa kanye nentela yokuvikelwa kwemvelo, engahlangabezani nezimiso zentela ezifanele kazwelonke, nazo ezibangele ukuphindaphinda. "Uphakamise ukuthi kukhululwe noma kuhlukaniswe intela yokusetshenziswa kwebhethri yesitoreji esinomthelela.

"Ngemuva kokuthi iKomidi Likazwelonke Kazwelonke lika-2011 lilungise ngokuhlanganyela imboni yebhethri ene-asidi eholayo, inkampani enkulu yebhethri ene-asidi yomthofu iqinise ukuvikelwa kwemvelo komkhiqizo. Kodwa-ke, umthetho nokugadwa kwesixhumanisi sokuthola kabusha ibhethri kuyivelakancane, okungakwazi ukumisa amabhethri e-lead-asidi ukuthi angagelezi eya ezindaweni zokusebenzela ezincane. "E-Qing Dynasty.

Onyakeni, izwe lami liqale imboni kazwelonke yebhethri le-lead-acid elungisiwe. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, amabhethri e-lead-acid angu-4,000 okuqala akhiqiza, abantu abangaphansi kwe-100 abagciniwe. "Ngokwenyuka kwezimoto zikagesi, ukulungiswa kwesixhumanisi esiguqukayo sebhethri ye-lithium-ion sekuseduze.

“Umuntu ongaphakathi embonini uveze. I-"Ice and Fire" yebhethri njengoba kushiwo ngenhla. Uma sithi ibhethri le-lead-asidi ligelezela endaweni yokusebenzela encane lisekhona, khona-ke ibhethri ye-lithium-ion esezongenisa inani eliphakeme kunzima ukuphunyuka, futhi isimo sibi nakakhulu.

Kuyaqondakala ukuthi izimoto zikagesi zingase zilahlwe eminyakeni engu-5 kuya kwengu-7, kanti inani elikhulu lezinsalela kulindeleke ukuthi ziqale ngo-2018. Ngokwesibikezelo se-Automotive Technology Research Center yezwe lami, ngo-2020, ibhethri ye-lithium-ion ehlanganisiwe yezwe lami izofinyelela kumathani ayi-120,000 kuya ku-200,000. Ukwakhiwa kwezimakethe zokubuyisela ezenziwe ngensimbi evela ku-cobalt, i-nickel, i-manganese, i-lithium, insimbi ne-aluminium, ne-aluminium, njll.

, embonini, izodlula ama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-5.3 ngo-2018. Ngaphezulu kwezigidigidi eziyi-10 zama-yuan ngo-2020, imfucuza ka-2023 Imakethe yebhethri ye-lithium-ion yamandla izofinyelela kuma-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-25.

Njengamanje, i-BYD, i-Beiqi New Energy, i-Chery kanye nezinye izinkampani ezintsha ezikhiqiza izimoto zamandla, i-Ningde Times, Ibhethri Lebhayisikili, i-Greenmeal, i-Sandton New Energy kanye nabanye abakhiqizi bebhethri eline-asidi eholayo kanye ne-Tianneng, i-Chao Wei namanye amabhethri e-lead-asidi, futhi sengivele ngizibekile phansi emkhakheni wokugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri. Igagasi elilodwa le-Hunan Sandton New Energy Co., Ltd.

yethule izintatheli ukuthi kuneziteshi ezintathu zamanje zokugaywa kabusha, okuhlanganisa izindawo zokuthuthwa kwendle zikazwelonke, izinhlelo zokugaywa kabusha kwezakhiwo zemigwaqo yomphakathi, iziteshi zezinsiza ezivuselelekayo ezingaxhumekile ku-inthanethi, kanye nezinkundla zenethiwekhi ye-inthanethi yesitolo se-4S. Endaweni yebhethri, i-BYD ithuthuke yaba yisethi yamasistimu okuzibuyisela. "Siyivuselele okwesikhashana, sabe sesiyigaya kabusha ezindaweni zokuthola kabusha ze-BYD; sizonaka amakhasimende amakhulu, okuhlanganisa okukhethekile okufana nokulungiswa, ukulungiswa, njll.

Kukhona futhi imisebenzi yebhethri yesikhashana; ekugcineni sizobuyisela izifunda ezahlukene embonini ehambisanayo. "Umuntu ohlobene ne-BYD ophethe utshela intatheli yezomnotho. Kodwa kulo mkhakha, kusekhona ukuntuleka kokubopha okuphoqelekile, futhi kubalulekile ukushayela usuka enkampanini.

Njengamanje, ekubuyiselweni kwesitoreji samandla emoto kagesi, ukusetshenziswa okubalulekile kwezinhlelo zokunwetshwa kwesibopho sabakhiqizi, izinkampani ezikhiqiza izimoto zikagesi, amabhethri okugcina amandla nezinsimbi zisebenzisa amabhethri, kufanele kube nesibopho esibalulekile sokugaywa kabusha nokusetshenziswa kokukhiqizwa nokusetshenziswa kwazo, okulahliwe Inkampani ediliza kabusha yezimoto ehlakazwayo kufanele ibe nesibopho sokubuyisa amandla ebhethri emotweni elahliwe. Kodwa-ke, abukho uzwelo ekugayweni kabusha kokugaywa kabusha kokugaywa kabusha kwamandla okugaywa kabusha, imboni enkulu, imboni yebhethri, kanye nendawo yokudiliza ayikasitholi imboni enkulu, imboni yebhethri. "Ebhizinisini langempela lokugaywa kabusha, isakhiwo sebhethri ye-lithium-ion sabakhiqizi abahlukene sihlukile, futhi uhlelo lwezinto ezibonakalayo luhlukile, okwenza ubunzima bokubuyisela kabusha kanye nezindleko zokuthola kabusha.

Nakuba ingelashwa ngokugaywa kabusha okuhlanganisiwe, le ndlela inzima ukuyibuyisela. Yenza umsebenzi omuhle ekugayweni kabusha kwamandla ebhethri ye-lithium-ion, kodwa futhi ngokusebenzisa isincomo sohlelo olujwayelekile oluhlanganisiwe, hlanganisa amazinga ebhethri e-lithium ion; futhi wandise ubuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo emkhakheni wokukhuthaza ukutholwa kwebhethri ye-lithium-ion. ".

"Uhulumeni uzogqugquzela izinkampani zasendaweni ezihambisanayo emadolobheni emiboniso ukuthi zenze kabusha amabhethri ngosizo lwezezimali oluhambisanayo, bese kuba nendlela yokwenza ukukhetha okungokwemvelo ngemuva komklamo. "Umuntu ophethe i-BYD okukhulunywe ngaye ngenhla ukholelwa ukuthi lokhu kunengqondo kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngokubona kwe-Wenyi, indlela uxhaso lwezezimali olungasimeme.

Ngokulawulwa kwentela, izinkampani ezivamile zithole amabhethri amaningi alahliwe. U-Zhang Tianshi uphinde waphakamisa ukuthi uhulumeni kufanele enze futhi asebenzise imivuzo yokutholwa kwebhethri ye-lithium-ion kanye nezindlela zokujezisa. Isibonelo, inhlawulo yezinkampani ezingazange zigcwalise izibopho zesibopho zenqubomgomo yokugaywa kabusha, futhi inkampani egaya kabusha amabhethri nebhethri kuxhaswa ngokuya ngenani lamabhethri, umthamo, njll.

, nokusebenzisa izinzuzo zentela.