Ukutshaja ibhetri ye-lithium indlela yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza

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1 Ndingayibiza njani "intlawulo ekhawulezayo" xa utshaja? Sibiza isibheno esisisiseko: 1) Intlawulo ikhawuleza; &39;2) Ungabuchaphazeli ubomi bam bebhetri; 3) Zama ukugcina imali, ingakanani intlawulo yombane ekhutshwayo, zama ukuyihlawula kwibhetri yam. Ngoko unokukhawuleza kangakanani ukubiza ngokukhawuleza? Akukho luncwadi olusemgangathweni olunika amaxabiso athile, sibhekiswa okwethutyana kwinani leemitha ezikhankanywe kumgaqo-nkqubo wenkxaso-mali odumileyo. Itheyibhile ilandelayo yimoto yemoto yabahambi yamandla entsha ye-2017 yenkxaso-mali.

Ingabonwa ukuba inqanaba lokungena ngokukhawuleza kwentlawulo yi-3C. Enyanisweni, kumgangatho wenkxaso-mali yeemoto zabakhweli, akukho mfuneko yokubonakalisa. Ukususela kwizixhobo ze-propaganda zemoto yabahambi ngokubanzi, unokubona ukuba wonke umntu unokuzaliswa ngokubanzi nge-80% ingasetyenziswa njengentlawulo ekhawulezayo, kwaye baya kukhuthazwa.

Ke, ke, imoto yomkhweli 1.6c inokuba kwinqanaba lokungena Ixabiso lereferensi yentlawulo. Ngokwalo mbono, ukukhuthazwa yimizuzu eyi-15 egcwele i-80%, elingana ne-3.

2C. 2 intlawulo ekhawulezayo yokuhlawula ityala? Kulo mxholo, amaqela achaphazelekayo alandela izifundo eziphathekayo, kubandakanywa iibhetri, iitshaja, kunye nezibonelelo zokuhambisa amandla. Sixoxa ngokushaja ngokukhawuleza, sicinga ngokuthe ngqo ukuba ibhetri iya kuba neengxaki.

Enyanisweni, ngaphambi kokuba ibhetri ibe neengxaki, eyokuqala yingxaki yokutshaja umatshini kunye nemigca yokuhambisa. Sikhankanye imfumba yokutshaja ye-TSLA, igama layo yimfumba yokutshaja kakhulu, amandla ayo yi-120KW. Ngokweeparamitha zeTslamodels85D, 96S75P, 232.

I-5ah, i-403V ephezulu, i-1.6C ihambelana namandla afunekayo aphezulu yi-149.9kW.

Inokubonwa ukusuka apha ukuba kukho uvavanyo lwemfumba yokutshaja yemoto yombane, i-1.6C okanye imizuzu engama-30. Kwimigangatho kazwelonke, akuvumelekanga ukuseta ngokuthe ngqo isikhululo sokutshaja ngokuthe ngqo kwinethiwekhi yamandla yokuhlala yasekuqaleni.

Imfumba e-1 ezaliswe ngokukhawuleza yamandla ombane asetyenzisiweyo igqithile kumbane wamakhaya alishumi elinesibini. Ngoko ke, zombini izitishi zokutshaja kufuneka zisete i-10kV transformer ngokwahlukeneyo, kwaye uthungelwano losasazo lwengingqi ayisosixa esitsha se-10kV yesikhululo. Yatsho ibhetri.

Ngaba ibhetri ingathwala i-1.6C okanye i-3.2C iimfuno zokutshaja, inokujongwa kwiimbono ezimbini ze-macro kunye ne-micro.

3 Isihloko sethiyori yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza yethiyori yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza ibizwa ngokuba yi "Macroable fast charging theory" ngenxa yokuba ibhetri ezimiseleyo ngokuthe ngqo ukutshaja umthamo wokutshaja yindalo, i-microstructure, izithako ze-electrolyte zezinto zangaphakathi ezilungileyo kunye ne-electrode engalunganga yeebhetri ze-lithium ion. Izongezo, iimpawu ze-diaphragm, njl., Umxholo wala manqanaba amancinci, sibekwe okwethutyana ngaphandle kwebhetri, sibona ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kweebhetri ze-lithium-ion.

Ubukho bebhetri yeLithium-ion, eyona nto ingcono kakhulu yokutshaja yangoku ngo-1972 isazinzulu sase-US uJamas sicebisa ukuba ibhetri ineegophe ezingcono kakhulu zokutshaja ngexesha lokutshaja, kunye noMthetho wakhe we-Mas San, kuya kuqatshelwa ukuba le ngcamango iphakanyiswe kwiibhetri ze-lead-acid, ichaza Imeko yomda yobuninzi obamkelekileyo bokutshaja ngoku ukuvela kwecala kunye nemeko yokusabela okucacileyo okuncinci. Kodwa inkqubo inesona sisombululo silungileyo, kodwa yimibuzo yokuba injalo. Ngokukodwa kwibhetri ye-lithium ion, ukucacisa iimeko zomda wezinga eliphezulu elamkelekileyo langoku linokuthi liphinde libe nentsingiselo.

Ngokusekwe kwezinye izigqibo zoncwadi lophando, elona xabiso liphezulu liseyindlela yegophe efana nomthetho. Kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba umgangatho ophezulu womda webhetri ye-lithium-ion, ukongeza kwizinto ze-lithium ion ibhetri ye-monomer, ukongeza kwizinto zenqanaba lenkqubo, ezifana nokukwazi ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu, ubuninzi obuvumelekileyo bokutshaja okwangoku kwenkqubo kuyahluka. Emva koko siya kuqhubeka sixoxa phantsi ngesi siseko.

Inkcazo yefomula kaMaszer: i = i0 * e ^ αt; I0 yintlawulo yokutshaja yangoku yebhetri; α yintlawulo yokwamkelwa kwentlawulo; T lixesha lokubiza. Ixabiso le-I0 kunye ne-α kunye nohlobo lwebhetri, isakhiwo kunye nentsha kunye nendala. Kweli nqanaba, uphando ngeendlela zokutshaja ibhetri lubalulekile ngokusekelwe kwigophe lokutshaja elilelona lifanelekileyo.

Njengoko kubonisiwe kumzobo ongezantsi, ukuba umbane wokutshaja udlula le ngcaphephe yokutshaja ngokufanelekileyo, kungekhona kuphela intlawulo yokutshaja ayinakunyuswa, kodwa iya kongeza ubuninzi bebhetri; ukuba ingaphantsi kweli jiko lokutshaja, nangona ingayi kulimaza ibhetri, iya kwandisa ixesha lokuTshaja, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshaja. Ukucaciswa kwale ngcamango kubandakanya amanqanaba amathathu, okukuhambo lwe-Masz: i-1 kuyo nayiphi na i-excharge current current, i-current of the charges of battery in the battery inversely proportional to the capacity of the capacity of α kunye nebhetri; 2 Malunga nakuphi na ukukhutshelwa okunikiweyo Isixa-mali, i-α kunye ne-ID yangoku ye-Discharge iyahambelana; I-3 Ibhetri ikhutshwe kumazinga ahlukeneyo okukhutshwa, kwaye i-IT yangoku evumelekileyo yokutshaja ngoku (ikhono elamkelekileyo) yisamba somrhumo ovunyelweyo wokutshaja kwinqanaba ngalinye lokukhupha. Le theorem ingentla ikwangumthombo wengqikelelo yokutshaja isakhono sokwamkelwa.

Okokuqala qonda ukuba yintoni ebiza ukwamkelwa. Ndifumene isangqa kwaye andizange ndibone intsingiselo esemthethweni edibeneyo. Ngokokuqonda kwakho, amandla okwamkela ukutshaja ngowona mgangatho wangoku wokutshaja ibhetri ngexabiso elithile phantsi kweemeko ezithile zokusingqongileyo.

Impembelelo eyamkelekileyo ithetha ukuba akukho mpembelelo yecala engafanele ibe nayo, akukho miphumo emibi kubomi kunye nokusebenza kwebhetri. Ngokubhekele phaya, yiqonde imithetho emithathu. Umthetho wokuqala, emva kokuba ibhetri ikhutshiwe, ukutshajiswa ukukwazi ukwamkelwa kunye nesixa sangoku samandla, intlawulo ephantsi, iphezulu ikhono lokwamkela ukutshaja.

Umthetho wesibini, ngexesha lokutshaja, ukukhutshwa kwe-pulse kunokunceda ibhetri iphucule ukwamkelwa kwexesha langempela ixabiso langoku; umthetho wesithathu, ukuhlawulisa isakhono sokwamkelwa kuya kuphakanyiswa yimeko yokuhlawuliswa kwangaphambili kunye nokukhupha ngaphambi kokubiza. Ukuba i-Mas nayo ifanelekile kwiibhetri ze-lithium-ion, i-reverse pulse charger (igama elithile liyi-reflex indlela yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kule ilandelayo] Ukongeza kwimbono ye-polarization, kunceda ukunyanzeliswa kokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa, i-Massea nayo iyasebenza. Inkxaso yeendlela ze-pulse.

Ukuqhubela phambili, ngokwenene, yindlela yokutshaja ehlakaniphile, oko kukuthi, indlela yokutshaja ehlakaniphile, oko kukuthi, ixabiso langoku lokutshaja lihlala litshintshile ngenxa ye-Mascus curve yebhetri ye-lithium-ion, ukwenzela ukuba ukutshaja okusebenzayo kwandiswe kumda wokhuseleko. I-4 Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza Indlela yokutshaja iibhetri ze-lithium-ion ineentlobo ezininzi, kwiimfuno zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza, iindlela zayo ezibalulekileyo ziquka ukutshaja kwe-pulse, ukutshaja kwe-Reflex, kunye nokutshaja okuhlakaniphile. Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zebhetri, iindlela zabo zokutshaja ezisebenzayo azifani ncam, kwaye eli candelo alenzi ulwahlulo oluthile kweli candelo.

Ukutshaja kwe-Pulse Le yimowudi yokutshaja i-pulse evela kuncwadi, kwaye isigaba se-pulse sinikezelwa emva kokuthintela ukutshaja kunye ne-voltage ephezulu yomda yi-4.2V, kwaye ngokuqhubekayo phezu kwe-4.2V.

Ungayikhankanyi ingqiqo yemimiselo yayo ethile yeparameter, iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeebhetshi zinokwahlukana. Sinikela ingqalelo kwinkqubo yokuphunyezwa kwe-pulse. Ngezantsi kukho i-curve yokutshaja i-pulse, kwaye kubalulekile ukubandakanya izigaba ezintathu: i-precharge, ukutshaja ngokuqhubekayo kunye nokutshaja kwe-pulse.

Ukutshaja ibhetri ngexesha langoku itshaja, amandla angaphelelanga akhutshelwa ngaphakathi ebhetrini. Xa amandla ombane ebhetri enyuka ukuya kumda wombane ophezulu (4.2V), faka imowudi yokutshaja i-pulse: ukutshaja ibhetri nge-pulse current ye-1C.

I-voltage yebhetri inyuka ngokuqhubekayo ngexesha lokutshaja rhoqo i-Tc, kwaye i-voltage iya kuwa kancinci xa ukutshaja kuyekiwe. Xa amandla ombane ebhetri ehla aye kumlinganiselo womthamo ophezulu wombane (4.2V), ukutshaja ibhetri ngexabiso elifanayo langoku, ukuqala umjikelo wokutshaja olandelayo, ukuze isetyenziswe kwakhona de ibhetri igcwale.

Ngexesha lenkqubo yokutshaja i-pulse, isantya sombane webhetri siya kuhamba kancinci, kwaye ixesha lokumisa i-T0 liya kuba lide. Xa umjikelo wentlawulo oqhubekayo wangoku uphantsi njenge-5% ~ 10%, kuqwalaselwa ukuba ibhetri igcwele kwaye iphelile ukutshaja. Xa kuthelekiswa neendlela eziqhelekileyo zokutshaja, umrhumo we-pulse unokuhlawula nge-current enkulu, kunye nokuxinwa kwebhetri kwibhetri yokumisa kunye ne-ohmic polarization iya kupheliswa, ukwenzela ukuba umjikelo olandelayo wokutshaja uhambe kakuhle, isantya sokutshaja sikhawuleza, Ubushushu buncinci, buchaphazela ubomi bebhetri, kwaye okwangoku kusetyenziswa ngokubanzi.

Nangona kunjalo, ukungonakali kwayo kuyabonakala: unikezelo lwamandla kumsebenzi onqamlekileyo womlambo, oye wongeza iindleko zendlela yokutshaja i-pulse. Indlela yokutshaja okwethutyana, ibhetri ye-lithium-ion, intlawulo yethutyana, ikhefu, indlela yombane eguqukayo, kunye nentlawulo eguquguqukayo yombane. I-1) Utshintsho lwendlela yokudluliselwa kwe-transistream intermittent lucetywayo nguprofesa we-Chen Gongjia, iYunivesithi yaseXiamen.

Ibonakaliswa ngokutshintsha ukutshaja kwangoku rhoqo kumbane othintelweyo. Njengoko kuboniswe kumzobo ongezantsi, isigaba sokuqala sokutshintsha utshintsho kwinguqu kuqala, kwaye ibhetri ihlawuliswa ngexabiso elikhulu langoku. Xa i-voltage yebhetri ifikelela kwi-cutoff voltage V0, ukutshaja kuyekile.

Ngeli xesha, amandla ombane ebhetri ehle kakhulu. Emva kokugcina ixesha lokumisa, ukunciphisa umsinga wokutshaja uyaqhubeka nokutshaja. Xa i-voltage yebhetri iphakanyiselwe kwi-cutoff voltage V0, ukutshaja kumisiwe, ukwenzela ukuba ixesha lokubuyisela (ngokuqhelekileyo malunga ne-3 ukuya kumaxesha e-4) ukutshaja okwangoku kuya kunciphisa ixabiso langoku le-cutoff.

Emva koko faka inqanaba lokutshaja kwe-voltage rhoqo, hlawula ibhetri kwibhetri de ukutshaja kwangoku kuncitshiswe kumda ophantsi, ukuphela kokutshaja. Ingqungquthela ephambili yenguqu kwintlawulo yokutshintsha umbane inyuswe ngendlela ephazamisayo eye yanciphisa ngokuthe ngcembe ngoku, oko kukuthi, inkqubo yokutshaja iyakhawuleza, kwaye ixesha lokutshaja lifinyeziwe. Nangona kunjalo, le sekethi yemowudi yokutshaja inzima ngakumbi, ixabiso eliphezulu, ngokuqhelekileyo liqwalasela kuphela xa intlawulo ephezulu yamandla.

I-2) Ngokusekelwe kwinguqu yokutshintsha kombane, kukho utshintsho kwintlawulo engapheliyo yombane. Umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini yinkqubo yokutshaja yenqanaba lokuqala, kwaye ukuqukuqela okuphakathi kuyatshintshwa kube ngamaxesha athile. Thelekisa le mbono ingasentla (a) kunye noMfanekiso (b), intlawulo ebonakalayo eqhubekayo yoxinzelelo oluphakathi oluhambelana nelona jiko lokutshaja lokutshaja.

Kwinqanaba ngalinye lokutshaja kwe-voltage rhoqo, ngenxa ye-voltage engaguqukiyo, umbane wokutshaja uyancipha ngokwemvelo ngokomthetho wesalathiso, kwaye izinga lokwamkelwa kwebhetri langoku liyancipha ngokuthe ngcembe ngokutshaja. I-REFLEX indlela yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza Indlela yokutshaja ekhawulezayo yeReflex, ekwabizwa ngokuba yindlela yokutshaja ebonisa okanye "ukurhona" ukutshaja. Umjikelo ngamnye womsebenzi wale ndlela ubandakanya ukutshaja phambili, ukukhupha umva kwangoko kunye nezigaba ezithathu.

Isombulula i-polarization yebhetri kubungakanani obukhulu kwaye ikhawulezisa isantya sokutshaja. Kodwa ukukhutshwa umva kuya kunciphisa ubomi bebhetri ye-lithium ion. Njengoko kuboniswe kumzobo ongentla, kwimijikelezo nganye yokutshaja, ixesha lokutshaja langoku le-2C yi-10s ye-TC, kwaye emva koko i-TR1 ye-0.

I-5 s, ixesha lokukhutshwa kwe-reverse yi-1 s TD, ixesha lokumisa li-0.5 s TR2, ixesha ngalinye lokutshaja liyi-12s. Njengokutshaja, umsinga wokutshaja uya kuba mncinci kancinci.

Indlela yokutshaja ekrelekrele ngoku yeyona ndlela iphambili yokutshaja. Njengoko kubonisiwe kulo mzobo ungezantsi, umgaqo wayo obalulekileyo kukusebenzisa i-DU / DT kunye ne-DI / DT iteknoloji yokulawula. Ngokujonga amandla ebhetri kunye nokunyuswa kwangoku, ibhetri iyatshajiswa, ukulandelela okuguquguqukayo Ibhetri eyamkelekileyo yokutshaja yangoku yenza ukuba ukutshaja kwangoku ukusuka ekuqaleni kwebhetri kwamkeleke.

Iindlela ezinjalo ezikrelekrele, ngokubanzi zidityaniswe netekhnoloji ye-algorithm ephucukileyo efana nenethwekhi ye-neural kunye nolawulo olungenamsebenzi, ukuqonda ukulungelelaniswa kwenkqubo ngokuzenzekelayo. 5 Imowudi yokutshaja Idatha yovavanyo echaphazela izinga lokutshaja ithelekiswa nendlela yokutshaja yangoku kunye ne-reverse pulse charger. Ukutshaja okuthe gqolo kutshaja ibhetri ngendlela engaguqukiyo kuyo yonke inkqubo yokutshaja.

Ukutshaja okungapheliyo kwangoku kunokuba nentlawulo enkulu yangoku, kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha, ukuchasana kwe-polarization kubonakala ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye kwongeza amandla amaninzi, kubangela amandla amaninzi ukufudumeza, kudla kwaye kwenza ukuba ubushushu bebhetri bunyuke ngokuthe ngcembe. Uthelekiso lwendlela yokutshaja i-pulse ngokuqhubekayo ngoku kunye nokutshaja kwe-pulse yindlela yokutshaja ebuyela umva emva kwexesha lokutshaja. Ifomu esisiseko iboniswe ngezantsi.

Kwinkqubo yokutshaja, ukwandisa i-pulses yokukhupha okwethutyana, ukusetyenziswa kwe-depolarization, ukunciphisa imiphumo yokuchasana kwe-polarization ngexesha lokutshaja. Uphononongo luthelekise ngokuthe ngqo umphumo wokutshaja kwe-pulse kunye nokutshaja rhoqo kwangoku. Thatha i-avareji yangoku ye-1c, 2c, 3c, kunye ne-4c (c yexabiso lebhetri elilinganiselwe umthamo), ezisetyenziswe kwiiseti ezi-4 zemifuniselo yokuthelekisa.

Ubungakanani bamandla akhutshiweyo emva kokuba ibhetri izaliswe yibhetri. Umzobo ubonisa i-voltage yangoku kunye ne-battery-side-side waveform ye-pulsed current xa ukutshaja kwangoku kuyi-2C. Itheyibhile 1 yidatha yovavanyo lokutshaja i-pulse rhoqo.

Ixesha le-pulse yi-1s, ixesha lokubetha kwe-positive ngu-0.9 s, ixesha lokubetha elibi li-0.1s.

I-ICHAV ngumyinge wokuhlawula ngoku, i-QIN ihlawuliswa; qo ngamandla okukhupha, η kukusebenza okuphuma kwiziphumo zovavanyo kwitheyibhile engentla, ukutshaja okuzingileyo kwangoku kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokutshaja kwe-pulse kuqikelelwa, i-pulse ingaphantsi kancinane kunoko ngoku rhoqo, kodwa ngaphakathi Unikezelo lwamandla lulonke lwebhetri lubaluleke kakhulu kunemowudi yangoku eqhubekayo. 6 Umjikelo womsebenzi we-pulse owahlukileyo uchaphazela ukutshaja kwe-pulse Ixesha lokukhupha langoku elingalunganga liyacotha, kukho isiphumo esithile, kwaye ixesha lokukhutshwa lide, ukutshaja okucothayo; xa iflethi efanayo, iyunithi ihlawuliswa, ixesha elide lokukhupha. Njengoko kunokubonwa kwitheyibhile engezantsi, umjikelo ohlukeneyo womsebenzi uyasebenza kwaye wamkelwa kumbane unempembelelo ecacileyo, kodwa umahluko wamanani awukho mkhulu kakhulu.

Kwaye oku kuhambelanayo, kukho iiparamitha ezimbini ezibalulekileyo, ixesha lokutshaja kunye nobushushu aziboniswanga. Ngoko ke, ukukhethwa kwentlawulo ye-pulse kuphezulu kwintlawulo eqhubekayo yangoku, kunye nokhetho oluthile lomjikelo womsebenzi, kufuneka ugxininise ekunyukeni kweqondo lokushisa kunye nokufunwa kwexesha lokutshaja. Ireferensi ye-1 i-Wang Fei, i-Lithium Lithium Iron kunye ne-Ternary Materials kunye ne-Capacitance Charge Composite Electrode ngenxa ye-Radio-ehlawuliswa Iimpawu zebhetri ye-Lithium Ion kwiZithuthi zoMbane; 3 Yena Qiusheng, Lithium Ion Ibhetri Ukutshaja isiShwankathelo Technology.