Simba rekuchaja lithium bhatiri recycling puzzle

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - Soláthraí Stáisiún Cumhachta Inaistrithe

Kana iyo 2014 iri mota nyowani yenyika yangu mugore rekutanga reChina, iyo 2015 ichokwadi nyowani simba mota kubuda. Zvinoenderana nedatha yeBazi reIndasitiri uye Ruzivo rweTekinoroji, Gumiguru 2015, nyika yangu yakagadzira 50,700 mota nyowani dzemagetsi, 8 zvakapetwa kupfuura gore-pagore. Kana iyo data yekugadzira muna Gumiguru gare gare, iyo nyowani yemagetsi mota ichaendeswa kune anopfuura 300,000 mota nyowani dzemagetsi muna 2015.

Nekuwedzera kwemotokari yemagetsi matsva, dambudziko rekudzoreredza reiyo dynamic lithium-ion bhatiri rinongoitika. Puzzle 1: Ndeipi isingafaniri kushandiswazve? Munyori akashanda pane itsva magetsi emotokari indasitiri foramu muna Mbudzi gore rapfuura kuti aone maitiro ekutarisa kudzokororwa kwesimba re lithium-ion mabhatiri? Mhinduro ndeyokuti: ikozvino kufunga nezvemafashoni. Maererano nemaonero enyanzvi, nhamba yemotokari itsva dzesimba munguva yacho haisi yakawanda.

Iyo dynamic lithium-ion bhatiri tekinoroji haina kukura. Iyo simba lithium-ion bhatiri yakabviswa inodzoserwa kumasangano ekutsvagisa kuti atsvage, saka hapana chikonzero chekufunga hukuru-hukuru kudzokorodza. Nhasi, mwedzi mumwe chete kubuda kwemotokari itsva yemagetsi munaOctober yakapfuura hafu yegore negore gore rakapera (2014 motokari itsva yemagetsi gore negore yakabuda ye83,900), uye nekodzero yemitemo uye kuenderera mberi kudzika kwekusimudzirwa kwenharaunda, motokari itsva dzemagetsi Social Security ichawedzerawo zvakanyanya, nhamba huru yemagetsi e-lithium-ion mabhatiri achatarisana nekugadzirisa nyaya.

Zvinoenderana nenyika yangu Automotive Technology Research Center, panosvika 2020, nyika yangu yemagetsi mota simba lithium bhatiri rakaunganidzwa scrap volume richasvika 120,000 kusvika 170,000 matani. Munguva ichangoburwa yakabudirira "yenyika yangu itsva simba mota kukwidziridzwa uye application inoenderana neruzivo shanduko uye semina yekusimudzira" Basa rekudzoreredza bhatiri rinofanirawo kuiswa pachena nekukasira uye kutanga. Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti dambudziko rekugadzirisazve mabhatiri e-lithium-ion rave dambudziko ratinofanira kutarisana naro.

Puzzle 2: Ndiani ane basa rekudzokorodza? Parizvino, iyo indasitiri uye vamwe veruzhinji nezve kutyaira lithium-ion bhatiri yave kuenderana, saka ndiani anofanirwa kuve nebasa rekudzokorodza maitiro? Musi waSeptember 11, National Development and Reform Commission uye Bazi reMaindasitiri uye Ruzivo rweTekinoroji vakabatana vakazivisa kuti "yakakodzera yemagetsi mota yekuchengetera bhatiri recycling tekinoroji mutemo (2015 vhezheni)" zvakajeka, zviri pachena kuti mugadziri wemotokari achava mutumbi mukuru wemotokari yemagetsi yakashandiswa kuchengetedza bhatiri recycling. Asi kuita uku kwakadii? Mukugadzira uye kushandisa maitiro emagetsi matsva emagetsi emagetsi lithium mabhatiri, ichasanganisira makambani ekugadzira mabhatiri, makambani emotokari, uye vatengi. Kambani yekugadzira bhatiri ine basa rekugadzira mabhatiri uye ane hukama masisitimu, uye kuungana zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nemakambani emotokari;.

Kurapa kwemarara lithium ion mabhatiri achaburitswa, kubviswa, kukoromorwa, kurongedzwa, kudzoserwa imba, kubviswa kweasidhi-base, zvichingodaro, hunyanzvi hwayo hausi iyo iripo kambani yekugadzira lithium ion uye kambani yemotokari unilaterally inogoneka. Pakave nenyanzvi dzinoti nekuda kweakaomesesa maitiro eiyo simba lithium-ion bhatiri kudzoreredza maitiro, zvakanakisa kudzoreredza yakatsaurirwa bhatiri yekudzoreredza maitiro.

Nyanzvi yakataura kuti mota dzemagetsi dzakashuma kuti mabhatiri e-lithium-ion akadzokororwa uye akashandiswa zvakare yaive mutsara mutsva, ingave iri bhizinesi remotokari kana kambani yebhatiri, ichasangana nematambudziko mazhinji. Kune makambani ekugadzira zvinhu zvebhatiri, nekuda kwehunyanzvi nzira, ramangwana rinogona kutora mukana wekutanga mumunda weyakaraswa ine simba lithium-ion bhatiri kudzoreredza. Puzzle 3: Nzira yekudzorera sei? Kunyangwe makambani ekugadzira mabhatiri anogona kutora mamwe mabhenefiti musimba relithium-ion bhatiri kudzoreredza, kwatova nekambani yekugadzira bhatiri uye yakasarudzika kambani yekudzokorodza kubatanidzwa mubhizinesi iri, asi nekuti parizvino hapana ruzivo rwakakodzera, zvinorehwa kuti simba lithium-ion bhatiri pasina mubvunzo Ichiri "risingazivikanwe gungwa rebhuruu".

Maitiro anozotevera sei panguva yekudzoreredza maitiro, uye ichiri nhamba isingazivikanwe. Pakave nevezvenhau kuti ikozvino kuvandudzwa kwemotokari nyowani simba, nyanzvi, nezvimwe. parizvino akarongerwa mota nyowani dzemagetsi, nyanzvi, nezvimwe.

, nhaurirano, nhaurirano, nezvimwe. Kambani yekugadzira bhatiri inotenda kuti simba lithium bhatiri rinotengeswa kukambani yemotokari, mari yekudzorera bhatiri inofanira kuva nemhosva nekambani yemotokari; kambani yemotokari inotenda kuti bhatiri rinoshandiswa nevatengi, mari yekudzorera inofanira kutakurwa nekambani yemotokari nevatengi Uye vatengi vanotenda kuti mabhatiri avanotenga anodzokororwa, uye vanogadzira motokari uye bhatiri vanofanira kugadzirisa chikamu ichi chekurasikirwa. Nzira yekuenzanisa kodzero dzebato rechokwadi, uye dambudziko rinofanira kunyatsotariswa nedhipatimendi rekuita sarudzo.

Uye zvakare, nyika yangu haina kuunza inoenderana simba lithium bhatiri recycling michina. Nzira yakajairika yakagamuchirwa ndeyekutora nzira yekudzoreredza nickel-hydrogen, nickel-cadmium, lithium-ion bhatiri yakafanana nemagetsi evatengi, uye kubvisa simbi dzakakosha. Iyi fomu inogona kugadzirisa dynamic lithium bhatiri kudzoreredza matambudziko munyaya yesimba idzva remuridzi wemotokari, asi kana nhamba yeakasimba lithium-ion mabhatiri akawedzera zvakanyanya, iyi nzira ichiri kukurukurwa.

Pakave nemamwe maonero ekuti ichave imwe yenzira dzinoshanda dzekugadzirisa kushandiswa kweiyo yakagadziriswa dynamic lithium-ion bhatiri. Hofori yemota Daimler - Mercedes-Benz nguva pfupi yadarika yakaparura bhatiri rekuchengetedza simba remaoko maviri rine huwandu hwe13 megawatts uye akati wandei emakambani. Nekudaro, kune zvakare nyanzvi, uye vagadziri vemotokari vakasiyana vanopihwa nevagadziri vakasiyana bhatiri, uye mhando dzakasiyana dzekambani yemotokari imwe chete inogona kushandisa mhando dzakasiyana dzesimba mabhatiri e-lithium, izvo zvinokonzeresa mabhatiri ekuchengetedza simba maererano nekuenderana.

Dambudziko Rakakura. Naizvozvo, kune indasitiri mukati meiyo dhipatimendi rekuita sarudzo rinofanirwa kugadzirisa dambudziko rekuenderana kweiyo nhanho yekudzokorodza kuitira kuti igadzire yakabatana zviyero kubva kune simba lithium bhatiri danho rekugadzira. Puzzle4: Ndeipi modhi inoshandiswa? Sezvo ichiri "gungwa rebhuruu", ndeipi modhi inoshandiswa kune simba lithium-ion bhatiri kudzoreredza, uye makambani makuru parizvino ari padanho rekuongorora.

Daimler - Mercedes-Benz inodzosera iyo lithium-ion bhatiri simba rekuchengetedza purojekiti kana ichaiswa mukushanda muna 2016, kunyangwe zvichingodiwa kutora chete Mercedes-Benz mota dzemagetsi dzisingazivikanwe, iyi inogona kunge iri bhizinesi remotokari kune simba re lithium-ion bhatiri recycling Imwe yezviitiko zvakabudirira zvekushandisazve. Pamusoro pezvo, kune zvakare mabhizinesi emhando dzemakambani ekugadzira mabhatiri uye makambani ehunyanzvi ekudzokorodza kuwana. Zvakadai sekugamuchirwa kweBYD muBYD muBYD, kushanda nekambani ye lithium-ion bhatiri recycling Greenmei, vachitarisira kuwana kukunda-kukunda mamiriro ezvinhu mumunda wesimba re lithium-ion bhatiri recycling kuburikidza nekusimudzirwa, kushanda uye kushanda kwesimba rekuchengetedza simba rekuchengetedza uye photovoltaic power plant project.

Kune zvakare makambani ekugadzira mabhatiri kuti ape kushandiswa kwemukati, seWatma yekuvaka yakadzokororwa ine simba lithium-ion bhatiri mushure mekuyedzwa kwekuchengetedza, kuvaka chiteshi chekuchengetedza magetsi, kuburitsa masikati, kuchaja husiku, kuchengetedza magetsi anodiwa kufekitori yemasikati, kuderedza magetsi ekambani Chikamu chemari yekushandisa. Pamusoro pezvo, kune zvakare maindasitiri emukati anogona kuiswa mumagetsi matatu mavhiri, maviri-mavhiri, backup simba, simba rekuchengetedza bhatiri, kana simbi chinhu zvinoenderana neyakasiyana mamiriro eyakakura simba lithium-ion bhatiri, uye inogona kushandiswa kune esimbi zvinhu, izvo zvinogona zvakare kusvika pamanera Chinangwa. Pasinei nemuenzaniso webhizimisi, nyanzvi dzinokurudzira kuti usapararira nebhizimisi guru rekambani, zvikasadaro hazvizokwanisi kuwana hupfumi hwepamusoro.

Mukuwedzera, kuti uvandudze kushanda kwekugadzirisa kwesimba re lithium-ion bhatiri, kuumba indasitiri, zvakakosha kuti uise nzvimbo yakakosha yekudzorera, uye nzvimbo yekudzokorora inofanira kunge iri kure nepakati peguta uye haifaniri kunge yakawandisa kudzivirira lithium-ion bhatiri. Kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza. Panguva imwecheteyo, kambani inofanirwa kutenderedzwa zvakare nekambani, uye iyo "disorder" mamiriro mune yakapfuura bhatiri kudzoreredza link inodziviswa kudzivirira bhatiri "kutanga kusvibiswa kwekutonga".