Inkqubela phambili yophando kubuchwephesha bokubuyisela inkunkuma ye-phosphate ion iteknoloji yokubuyisela ibhetri

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Ngo-2010, ilizwe lam laqala ukukhuthaza izithuthi zamandla amatsha. Kwi-2014, ukuvela kokuqhuma kwenyuka, ukuthengiswa kwe-2017 malunga neenqwelo ze-770,000. Ibhasi, ibhasi, njl.

, ngokusekelwe kwiibhetri ze-ion ze-lithium iron phosphate, ubude bokuphila bumalunga neminyaka eyi-8. Ukunyuka okuqhubekayo kwizithuthi zamandla amatsha kuya kuba nebhetri ye-lithium eguqukayo kwixesha elizayo. Ukuba inani elikhulu leebhetri ezicinyiweyo alinaso isisombululo esifanelekileyo, liya kuzisa ukungcoliseka okunzulu kokusingqongileyo kunye nokuchithwa kwamandla, indlela yokusombulula ibhetri yenkunkuma Ngaba yingxaki enkulu abantu abakhathalelayo.

Ngokwezibalo zelizwe lam i-lithium-powered lithium i-lithium ibhetri yelizwe, imfuno ye-lithium yebhetri ye-lithium yehlabathi ngo-2016 yi-41.6GW H, apho i-LFP, i-NCA, i-NCM kunye ne-LMO yeentlobo ezine ezibalulekileyo ze-lithium-ion iibhetri ze-23.9GW · h, ngokulandelanayo.

5.5GW · h, 10.5GW · h kunye ne-1.

I-7GW · h, i-Lifepo4 ibhetri ithatha i-57.4% yeemarike, i-NCA kunye ne-NCM ezimbini ezinkulu ze-thith-dimensional system ye-lithium ibhetri yemfuno iyonke ibalelwa kwi-38.5% yemfuno epheleleyo.

Ngenxa yobuninzi bamandla obuphezulu bezinto ezintathu ze-yuan, i-2017 i-Sanyuan Power Lithium Battery i-45%, kwaye ibhetri yensimbi ye-lithium yi-49% yebhetri ye-lithium. Okwangoku, imoto esulungekileyo yomkhweli yombane zonke iibhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate ion, kwaye ibhetri ye-iron phosphate dynamic lithium yeyona nkqubo iphambili yebhetri kwishishini lokuqala. Ke ngoko, ixesha lokuyeka ukusebenza kwebhetri ye-ion ye-lithium iron phosphate iya kuqala ukufika.

Ukuhlaziywa kweebhetri zenkunkuma ye-LifePo4 akunakunciphisa kuphela uxinzelelo lwendalo olubangelwa yinkcitho eninzi, kodwa kuya kuzisa inzuzo enkulu yezoqoqosho, eya kuba negalelo ekuphuhliseni okuqhubekayo kulo lonke ishishini. Eli nqaku liza kusombulula umgaqo-nkqubo welizwe, ixabiso elibalulekileyo lenkunkuma, iibhetri ze-LifePo4, njl. Ngesi siseko, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuphinda zisetyenziswe, iindlela zokuphinda zisetyenziswe, i-electrolyte, i-electrolyte, i-electrolyte, i-electrolyte kunye nezixhobo ze-electrode ezingalunganga, kwaye zibhekiselele kwireferensi yokubuyisela isikali kwiibhetri ze-LIFEPO4.

1 Umgaqo-nkqubo woKurisayikilisha ibhetri yeLithium-ion ngophuhliso lwelizwe lam loshishino lwebhetri ye-lithium-ion, ukusetyenzwa kwakhona okusebenzayo kunye nokusombulula iibhetri ezisetyenzisiweyo yingxaki esempilweni enokuthi iqhubeleke nokuphuhlisa ishishini. Isaziso se "Energy Saving and New Energy Automobile Industry Development Plan (2012-2020)" ikhankanywa ngokucacileyo ukuba ibhetri yelithium ephuculweyo yokusetyenziswa kwenyathelo kunye nolawulo lokubuyisela, uphuhliso lwendlela yokulawula ukugaywa kwebhetri yelithium, isikhokelo sokusetyenzwa kwebhetri yelithium Inkampani iphucula ukusetyenzwa kwakhona kweebhetri zenkunkuma. Ngengxaki eyandayo yokubuyiselwa kwebhetri ye-lithium eguqukayo, amazwe kunye neendawo ziye zabhengeza uphuhliso lwemigaqo-nkqubo efanelekileyo, izithethe kunye nolongamelo lweshishini lokurisayikilisha kwiminyaka yakutshanje.

Umgaqo-nkqubo obalulekileyo welizwe ekusetyenzisweni kwakhona kwebhetri elizweni uboniswe kwiThebhile 1. 2 iNkunkuma yeLifePO4 iBattery Recycling ISakhiwo seBatri yeLithium Ion Ngokuqhelekileyo ibandakanya i-electrode ekhangayo, i-electrode engakhiyo, i-electrolyte, i-diaphragm, indlu, isigqubuthelo, kunye nokunye okunjalo, apho i-electrode eyi-positive ingundoqo yebhetri ye-ion ye-lithium, kunye nezinto eziphathekayo ze-electrode zibalwe ngaphezu kwe-30 yeendleko zebhetri. Itheyibhile 2 yimathiriyeli yebhetshi ye-5A · h isilonda iibhetri ze-LifePO4 kwiPhondo lase-Guangdong (1% umxholo oqinileyo kwitheyibhile).

Inokubonwa kwiThebhile 2, i-lithium positive electrode phosphate, i-graphite engalunganga, i-electrolyte, i-diaphragm iyona inkulu, i-copper foil, i-aluminium foil, i-carbon nanotubes, i-acetylene emnyama, i-graphite conductive, i-PVDF, i-CMC. Ngokutsho Shanghai enemibala umnikelo net (Juni 29, 2018), aluminiyam: 1.4 million yuan / ton, ubhedu: 51,400 yuan / ton, lithium iron phosphate: 72,500 yuan / ton; ngokothungelwano lwelizwe lam lokugcina amandla kunye nenethiwekhi yebhetri Ngokutsho kweengxelo, izinto eziqhelekileyo zegraphite negative electrode (6-7) million / ton, ixabiso le-electrolyte yi (5-5.

5) izigidi / iitoni. Isixa esikhulu sezinto eziphathekayo, ixabiso eliphezulu, liyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuhlaziywa kwangoku kweebhetri ezisetyenzisiweyo, kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe isisombululo ukuqwalasela inzuzo yezoqoqosho kunye neenzuzo zokusingqongileyo. 3 Inkunkuma LifePO4 Material Recycling Technology 3.

1 Umthetho Wokurisayikilisha kweMichiza Umthetho Wokurisayikilisha Itekhnoloji Okwangoku, ukubuya kweekhemikhali kumanzi yindlela engqongqo yokurisayikilishwa kweebhetri zenkunkuma. Iioksidi okanye iityuwa zeLi, Co, Ni, njl. zifunyanwa ngokuhlangana kwemvula, kunye nemathiriyeli ekrwada yeekhemikhali.

Ifom iqhutywe, kwaye indlela yokuchithwa kweekhemikhali yindlela ebalulekileyo ekubuyiselweni kwamashishini akhoyo ngoku i-lithium cobaltate kunye nebhetri yenkunkuma emithathu. Ngokubhekiselele kwizinto ze-LiFePO4, ukwahlula indlela yemvula ngokubala ukushisa okuphezulu, ukuchithwa kwealkali, ukuchithwa kwe-asidi, njl., ukubuyisela ixabiso lezoqoqosho lezinto ze-Li, kwaye ngaxeshanye unokubuyisela isinyithi kunye nezinye izinyithi, sebenzisa isisombululo se-alkali se-NaOH sokunyibilikisa i-electrode efanelekileyo, ngoko ke i-collective aluminium foil ingena kwisisombululo esixutywe kwi-naal sulfure, isisombululo se-asidi ye-NaalO2. ukufumana Al (OH) 3, kunye nokubuyiselwa Al.

Intsalela yesihluzi yi-LiFePO4, i-agent eqhuba ikharbhoni emnyama kunye ne-LiFePO4 imathiriyeli egqunywe phezulu ngekhabhoni, njl. Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokubuyisela kwakhona i-LifePO4: Indlela isetyenziselwa ukutshabalalisa i-slag kunye ne-hydrogen sulfuric acid ukutshabalalisa i-slag nge-hydroxide, ukwenzela ukuba isisombululo kwi-Fe2 (SO4) 3 kunye ne-Li2SO4, i-filtrate emva kokuhlukana kokungcola kwekhabhoni ilungelelaniswe kunye ne-NaOH kunye namanzi ammonia, kuqala yenza i-iron Feciecipita3 i-precipita3 i-precipita3 i-recipita3 isisombululo se-Iron precipita3 recipita. Li2CO3; indlela ye-2 isekelwe kwi-FEPO4 i-microolysis kwi-nitric acid, incibilikisa i-electrode filter residue efanelekileyo kunye ne-nitric acid kunye ne-hydrogen peroxide, kuqala ukwenza i-FEPO4 i-precipitate, kwaye ekugqibeleni i-precipitate kwi-Fe (OH) 3, isisombululo se-asidi esishiyekileyo sinciphisa i-Li2CO3 ye-saturated Na2CO3 isisombululo, kunye ne-Al-precitation ye-Al, kunye ne-Al. Li et al [6], ngokusekelwe kwi-LIFEPO4 kwi-H2SO4 + i-H2O2 isisombululo esixubileyo, i-Fe2 + i-oxidized ibe yi-Fe3 +, kwaye yenza i-FEPO4 i-precipitate nge-PO43-bonding, i-metal yokubuyisela i-Fe kwaye yahlulwe kwi-Li, isekelwe ngakumbi kwi-3LI2SO4 + 2NA3PO4 → 3NA3SO4, i-3NA2SO4, i-precipitate qokelela, baqonde ukubuyiswa metal Li.

Izinto ezixutywe nge-oxidizing zichithwa ngokulula kwisisombululo seHCl, i-WANG, njl., i-LiFePO4 / C i-powder edibeneyo exutywe nge-calcined kwi-600 ° C, iqinisekisa ukuba i-ferri ion i-oxidized ngokupheleleyo, kwaye i-solubility ye-LiFePO4 ichithwa kwi-asidi, kwaye ukubuyiswa kwe-Li yi-96%. Uhlalutyo oluhlaziyiweyo lwe-LifePO4 Emva kokufumana i-precursor FePO4 · 2H2O kunye nomthombo we-Li, ukudibanisa izinto ze-LiFepo4 yindawo eshushu yophando, i-ZHENG et al [8] izisombululo zobushushu obuphezulu kumaphepha e-electrode, isusa i-binder kunye ne-carbon oxidize LIFEPO4 Fe2 + ukuya ku-Fe3 +, isikrini Umgubo ofunyenweyo wachithwa kwi-acidity ye-fitroic, i-sulfuric acid yanyibilika kwaye yachithwa kwi-pH. I-FEPO4 i-hydrate, kunye ne-5 h yafunyanwa kwi-700 ° C kwiiyure ze-5 ukufumana imveliso yokubuyisela i-FEPO4, kwaye i-filtrate yayigxininiswe kunye nesisombululo se-Na2CO3 sokunciphisa i-Li2CO3, kunye nokuqaphela isinyithi.

Sebenzisa kwakhona. UBian et al. emva kwe-pyrochlorination nge-phosphoric acid nge-asidi ye-phosphoric, isetyenziselwa ukufumana i-FEPO4 · 2H2O, kwaye njenge-precursor, i-Li2CO3 kunye ne-glucose carbon thermal reduction method ukwenza i-LIFEPO4 / C composite, kunye ne-Li kwizinto zokubuyisela i-precipitated kwi-LIH2PO4.

, Qonda ukubuyiswa kwezinto, kwaye ke usebenzise. Indlela yemvula yeekhemikhali ingasetyenziselwa ukuxuba ukubuyiswa okulungileyo kwesinyithi esiluncedo, kwaye i-preamble ifuna iphantsi phambi kokuba inkunkuma ilungile, eyinzuzo yolu hlobo lwendlela. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ze-LifePO4 ezingenayo i-cobalt kunye nezinye izitye ezixabisekileyo, le ndlela ingentla isoloko inexesha elide, kwaye ininzi yokuzalwa Okungalunganga kwe-asidi ephezulu kunye ne-alkali yenkunkuma yamanzi, ixabiso eliphezulu lokubuyisela.

3.2 Ubushushu obuphezulu obuqinileyo bokulungisa itekhnoloji yokulungiswa kwesigaba esisekwe kwindlela yokubola ye-LIFEPO4 ibhetri kunye nokuhlawuliswa kunye nokukhupha iimpawu zezinto eziphathekayo ze-electrode, isakhiwo sezinto ezintle ze-LIFEPO4 zizinzile, kunye nokulahlekelwa komsebenzi we-Li yenye yezinto ezibalulekileyo zokunciphisa umthamo webhetri, ngoko ke izinto ze-LIFEPO4 zithathwa njengezaliswa kwakhona i-LIE kunye nezinye izinto ezinokuthi zilungiswe. Okwangoku, indlela ebalulekileyo yokulungisa inobushushu obuphezulu obuthe tye ukusombulula kunye nokongeza umthombo ohambelana nawo.

Ubushushu obuphezulu busonjululwe, kunye nokusetyenziswa kweempawu ze-electrochemical zezinto zokubuyisela ngokuhlekisa, imithombo yokongeza, njl. Xie Yinghao, njl. Emva kokuqhaqha ibhetri yenkunkuma, ukwahlula i-electrode efanelekileyo, emva kokuba i-binder ifakwe i-carbonized ngokufudumeza phantsi kokukhusela i-nitrogen, i-phosphate-lithium-based based material positive.

Isixa se-FEC2O4 · 2H2O, Li2CO3, (NH4) 2HPO4 elawulwa yi-Li, Fe, kunye ne-P molar ratio yongezwa kwi-1.05: 1: 1, kunye nomxholo wekhabhoni we-reactant we-calcined wahlengahlengiswa kwi-3%, i-5%. Kwaye 7%, ukongeza isixa esifanelekileyo ethanol anhydrous kwizinto (600R / min) ibhola yokusila 4 h, kwaye umoya nitrogen ukufudumala ukuya 700 ° C ubushushu rhoqo 24H uyose izinto LIFEPO4 10 ° C / min.

Ngenxa yoko, izinto zokulungisa ezinomxholo wekhabhoni we-5% zineempawu ezifanelekileyo ze-electrochemical, kunye nomlinganiselo wokuqala wokukhutshwa kwe-148.0mA · h / g; I-1C phantsi kwe-0.1 C ngamaxesha angama-50, umlinganiselo wokugcinwa kwamandla yi-98.

I-9%, kwaye ukubuyiswa yiNkqubo yeSisombululo Jonga uMfanekiso 4. Ingoma et al. Ithatha isigaba esiqinileyo ubushushu obuphezulu bokusetyenziswa kweLifePo4 exutywe ngokuthe tye, xa umlinganiselo wobunzima bezinto ezitsha kunye nenkunkuma yokubuyisela inkunkuma yi-3: 7,700 ° C ubushushu obuphezulu 8h emva kwe-8h yokulungisa izinto zokusebenza kwe-electrochemical ilungile.

Li et al. Isetyenziselwa ukongeza uLi Umthombo we-Li2CO3 ukuphinda usetyenziswe izinto ze-LIFEPO4 kwi-600 ° C, 650 ° C, 700 ° C, 750 ° C, 800 ° C kwi-argon / igesi edibeneyo ye-hydrogen. Umthamo wokuqala wokukhupha wezinto eziphathekayo yi-142.

I-9mA · h / g, ubushushu obuphezulu bokulungisa ngu-650 ° C, amandla okuqala okukhutshwa kwezinto zokulungisa yi-147.3mA · h / g, ephuculwe kancinane, kwaye ukukhulisa kunye nokusebenza komjikelo kuphuculwe. Uphononongo lwe-都成, luvakalisa ukuba i-Li2CO3 eyongeziweyo nge-10% yokuchitha izinto eziphathekayo ze-electrode inokuhlawula ngokufanelekileyo ukulahlekelwa kwe-lithium ehlaziyiweyo, kunye nezinto ezincitshisiweyo emva kokuba izinto zokulungisa ziyi-157 mA, ngokulandelanayo.

H / g kunye 73mA · h / g, umthamo phantse akukho attenuation emva 200 imijikelo phantsi 0.5C. Ukongezwa kwe-20% ye-Li2CO3 kuya kubangela i-oligants efana ne-Li2CO3 Meng Li2O ngexesha lokulungiswa kwenkqubo yokubhaka, okubangelwa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-coulombic.

Ubushushu obuphezulu besigaba sokulungisa iteknoloji yongeza kuphela inani elincinci le-Li, Fe, P element, abanalo isixa esikhulu se-acid-base reagent, inkunkuma ehlumayo ye-alkali yenkunkuma, inkqubo yokuhamba ilula, ihambelana nokusingqongileyo, kodwa iimfuno zokucoceka zokubuyisela izinto ezikrwada ziphezulu. Ubukho bokungcola kunciphisa iimpawu ze-electrochemical zezinto zokulungisa. 3.

3 Ubushushu obuphezulu besigaba sokuvuselela iteknoloji yahlukile kwi-high-temperature eqinile kwi-peni ye-teknoloji yokulungisa ngokuthe ngqo, kunye neendlela zokuvuselela ubushushu obuphezulu buya kuqala ukusombulula izinto zokubuyisela ukuba zibe ne-precursor kunye nomsebenzi wokuphendula, kwaye into nganye inokuphinda ibonakaliswe, kwaye emva koko iqonde ukuveliswa kwakhona kwezinto. 都成等 3 极 片 分 3 分 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2材料 2 材料 2 2 Kwaye i-mass fraction yi-25% ye-glucose (esekelwe kwi-lithium iron phosphate), i-LIFEPO4 / C i-electrode ehlaziyiweyo yezinto eziphathekayo ifunyenwe kwi-650 ° C, kwaye izinto eziphathekayo zi-0.1c kunye ne-20c kunye nomlinganiselo wokukhupha ngokulandelanayo.

Kuyi-159.6mA · h / g kunye ne-86.9mA · h / g, emva kokwandiswa kwe-10C, emva kwemijikelezo ye-1000, ukuvuselelwa kwe-reservoir reservoir ye-LIFEPO4 yezinto eziphathekayo ze-electrode yi-91%.

Ngolu ncwadi lungasentla, umbhali weli nqaku uqhube inkunkuma yezinto ze-LifePO4 kwinqanaba lokuqala, "i-oxidation-carbon-thermal reduction" indlela yokuvuselela. Indlela yokuhlaziya ibalulekile ngokusekelwe kwi-Co reduction FEPO4 kunye ne-LiOH precursor synthesis ye-LiFePO4 izinto ze-Li3FE2 (PO4) 3 kunye ne-Fe2O3, ngelixa i-LIFEPO4 i-oxidation nayo i-Li3FE2 (PO4) 3 kunye ne-Fe2O3, ngoko ke, isisombululo se-thermal siya kubuyiselwa. I-electrode enhle iyasuswa kwi-binder kwaye ibuye iqonde i-oxidation ye-LIFEPO4.

Njengoko i-regenerative reaction material, i-glucose, i-hydrated citric acid, i-polyethylene glycol, i-650--750 ° C yokushisa okuphezulu kwekhabhoni yokunciphisa ukufudumala kwe-LIFEPO4, ukunciphisa ezintathu Zombini ukuvuselelwa kwe-LIFEPO4 / C izinto ngaphandle kokungcola kunokufumaneka. Ubushushu obuphezulu besigaba sokuvuselela iteknoloji, izinto ezifunyenweyo ze-LIFEPO4 zixutywe kwi-reaction intermediate, kunye nokuvuselelwa kwezinto ze-LIFEPO4 zifunyenwe ngokunciphisa i-carbon thermal, kwaye izinto eziphathekayo zine-oxidation efanayo kunye ne-carbon thermal yokunciphisa inkqubo ye-thermodynamic, kunye nezinto ezihlaziyiweyo ziyakwazi ukulawula ukuxhathisa, ukuhamba kwenkqubo elula, kodwa, ngokufanayo, le ndlela yokubuyisela ubushushu obuphezulu kwi-teknoloji yokubuyisela iteknoloji yokubuyisela iteknoloji yokubuyisela. izinto eziyimfuneko. 3.

4 Ithekhnoloji ye-Biological leaching ye-Biological leaching technology Ekubuyiselweni kwebhetri endala, ukusetyenziswa kokuqala kweebhetri ze-nickel-cadmium zenkunkuma zafumana kwakhona i-cadmium, i-nickel, i-iron, i-Cerruti, njl., inyibilikisiwe, iyancipha inkunkuma ye-nickel-cadmium ibhetri, ukubuyisela, i-100% ngokulandelanayo. I-Nickel 96.

I-5%, i-iron 95%, ixesha lokuchithwa kwe-leaching liyi-93 iintsuku. XIN et al. Isebenzisa sulfur-sulfide thiobacillus, Caucite-Rotel hook-side spiral ibhaktiriya kunye (isulfure + yellow iron ore - sulfur sulfurium) inkqubo yokuxuba ukusombulula LiFepo4, LiMn2O4, LiniXCoyMN1- X-YO2, apho thiosidide thiosidide thiobacillus inkqubo 9 Feecillus, kunye nenkqubo 9 Fepocillus 9. I-LiMn2O4 kwi-LiFePO4 yi-95%, kwaye izinga le-leaching ye-Mn yi-96%, kwaye uMn uphuculwe.

Umxube ungaphezulu kwe-95% yezinga le-uniform leaching ye-Li, i-Ni, i-Co, kunye ne-Mn ngokwemiqathango ye-Li, i-Ni, i-Co, kunye ne-Mn ngokwexesha lezinto eziphathekayo. Ukuchithwa kwe-Li kubalulekile ngenxa yokuchithwa kwe-H2SO4, kunye nokuchithwa kwe-Ni, Co, kunye ne-Mn yi-Fe2 + yokunciphisa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-asidi yokudibanisa. Kwitekhnoloji ye-biological leaching, umjikelo we-biofushes kufuneka ulinywe, kwaye ixesha lokuchithwa kwe-dissolution lide, kwaye ngexesha lenkqubo yokuchithwa, i-flora ivuliwe ngokulula, inciphisa iteknoloji ekusebenziseni ishishini.

Ke ngoko, uphucula ngakumbi isantya senkcubeko ye-strains, isantya se-ion ye-adsorbing yesinyithi, njl.njl., phucula izinga le-leaching ye-ion zetsimbi. 3.

5 Ukuvula oomatshini Sombulula ukuRecycling Ukwenziwa kusebenze imichiza yobugcisa kunokubangela utshintsho emzimbeni kunye neekhemikhali kuxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lobushushu, kubandakanywa utshintsho lwesigaba, isiphene kulwakhiwo, ubunzima, i-amorphization, okanye neentshukumo ezithe ngqo. Ukusetyenziswa ekubuyiseleni ibhetri yenkunkuma, kunokwenzeka ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle phantsi kweemeko zeqondo lokushisa. Umlandeli et al.

, Isebenzisa ukukhutshwa kwebhetri ngokupheleleyo kwisisombululo se-NaCl, kwaye i-LIFEPO4 efunyenweyo iphakamileyo kwiiyure ze-5 nge-700 ° C ukususa ukungcola kwezinto eziphilayo. Ukusetyenziswa komatshini kunye nokudibanisa kwezinto zokubuyisela umxube kunye ne-acid yengca. Inkqubo yokuvula ngoomatshini ibalulekile ukubandakanya amanyathelo amathathu: ukuncipha kobungakanani besuntswana, ikhefu lebhondi yeekhemikhali, ibhondi entsha yeekhemikhali.

Emva kokusila ukusebenza komatshini, izinto ezixubekileyo ezixutywe kunye namaso e-zirconia ahlanjululwe ngamanzi ahlanjululweyo kwaye afakwe kwi-30 min, kwaye i-filtrate yaxutywa kwi-90 ° C ukuba ibe ngumphunga de i-Li + ibe noxinzelelo olungaphezu kwe-5 g / L, kwaye i-pH ukuya kwi-4 ye-filtrate yalungiswa nge-1 mol isisombululo / L ye-NaOH. Kwaye uqhubeke uvuselela de i-concentration ye-Fe2 + ingaphantsi kwe-4 mg / L, ngaloo ndlela ufumana i-filtrate ephezulu yokucoceka. Emva kokucoca, isisombululo se-lithium esihlambulukileyo salungiswa kwi-8, saxutywa kwi-90 ° C kwi-2 h, kwaye i-precipitate yaqokelelwa kwaye yomiswa kwi-60 ° C yemveliso yokubuyisela i-Li.

Izinga lokubuyisela i-Li lingafikelela kwi-99%, kwaye i-Fe ibuyiselwe kwi-FEC2O4 · 2H2O. Izinga lokubuyisela yi-94%. UYANG et al.

Ngaphantsi kokusetyenziswa kwe-ultrasonic encedisayo, i-electrode efanelekileyo yezinto eziphathekayo ihlukaniswe kwi-powder electrode powder kunye ne-sodium ethylenediamine tetracetate (EDTA-2NA), esebenzisa i-planetary ball mill for activation mechanical. Emva kokukhutshwa okungaphezulu kwesampulu esebenzayo kunye ne-dilute phosphoric acid, i-leaching igqityiwe, kwaye i-membrane ye-cellulose i-vacuum filtration kunye nefilimu ye-acetate, i-filtrate yolwelo equkethe i-lithium, i-iron metal ions, i-Fe, i-Li kwi-asidi ye-phosphoric inokufikelela kwi-97.67%, i-94.

29, ngokulandelelanayo. %. I-filtrate yahlaziywa kwi-90 ° C kwi-9 h, kwaye i-metal Fe yatshitshiswa ngendlela ye-FEPO4 · 2H2O, Li, kunye ne-precipitate yaqokelelwa kwaye yomiswa.

UZhu et al. Idityaniswe ne-lecithin ngokufunyanwa kwakhona kwe-LiFePO4 / C. Emva kokuba ibhola lomatshini lisebenze ikhemikhali, i-4 h ifakwe kwi-600 ° C phantsi kwe-AR-H2 (10%) umoya odibeneyo, ofunyenweyo (C + N + P) Uhlaziyo olufakwe kwi-LifePO4 edibeneyo.

Kwizinto ezihlaziyiweyo, isitshixo se-NC kunye nesitshixo se-PC sihlanganiswe ne-LiFePO4 ukwenza i-co-clad co-clad ezinzileyo ye-C + N + P, kunye nezinto zokuhlaziya zincinci, ezinokunciphisa i-Li + kunye nendlela yokusabalalisa i-LI + kunye nee-electron. Xa inani le-lecithin li-15%, umthamo wezinto zokuvuselela ufikelela kwi-164.9mA · h / g ngexesha lezinga eliphantsi le-0.

2c. 3.6 Ezinye izisombululo zokuSebenza kwakhona - Isisombululo se-Electrochemical Recycling Technology Yang Zeheng et al, sebenzisa i-1-methyl-2 pyrrolidone (NMP) ukunyibilikisa inkunkuma LIFEPO4 (NMP), ukuqokelela izinto ezifunyenweyo ze-LIFEPO4, izinto zokubuyisela kunye ne-conductive agents, izibophelelo Ukulungiselela i-electrode ukuba ilungiswe, i-electrode ye-electrode engalunganga, ifilimu ye-metage ye-lithium, ifilimu ye-metage ye-lithium.

Emva kokuhlawuliswa okuphindaphindiweyo kunye nokukhutshwa, i-lithium ifakwe kwi-electrode engalunganga ibe yinto efanelekileyo ye-electrode, eyenza i-electrode efanelekileyo ukusuka kwi-lithium state ukuya kwi-lithically, iphumelele umphumo wokulungisa. Nangona kunjalo, i-electrode elungisiweyo iye yadityaniswa ibe nobunzima obupheleleyo bebhetri, kunzima ukwalathisa ukusetyenziswa kwesikali. I-4 iteknoloji yokubuyisela isisombululo se-Electrolytic Inkqubela phambili.

I-SUN et al, sombulula i-electrolyte ngelixa usebenzisa indlela ye-vacuum pyrolysis ukubuyisela ibhetri yenkunkuma. Beka izinto ezidibeneyo ze-electrode kwi-vacuum vacuum, inkqubo ingaphantsi kwe-1 kPa, ubushushu bokupholisa bomgibe obandayo yi-10 ° C. I-furnace vacuum yatshiswa kwi-10 ° C / min, kwaye yavunyelwa kwi-600 ° C ngemizuzu engama-30, i-volatiles yangena kwi-condenser kwaye igxininiswe, kwaye igesi engabonakaliyo yakhutshwa ngepompo yokucoca, kwaye ekugqibeleni iqokelelwe ngumqokeleli wegesi.

I-binder kunye ne-electrolyte ziguquguqukayo okanye zihlalutywe njengemveliso ephantsi ye-molecular weight, kwaye uninzi lweemveliso ze-pyrolysis ziyi-organic fluorocarbon compounds ukwenzela ukutyebisa kunye nokubuyisela. Indlela yokukhutshwa kwe-solvent ye-organic kukudlulisa i-electrolyte kwi-extractant ngokufaka i-solvent efanelekileyo yezinto eziphilayo kwi-extractant. Emva kokukhutshwa, i-distillation okanye i-fractionation, ukuqokelela okanye ukwahlula isisombululo se-electrolytic emva kokukhupha amanqaku abilayo ahlukeneyo ecandelo ngalinye kwimveliso yokukhutshwa.

Isikhumba seTongdong, phantsi kokhuseleko lwe-nitrogen engamanzi, sinqumle inkunkuma yebhetri, sisuse into esebenzayo, sibeke izinto ezisebenzayo kwi-solvent ye-organic kangangexesha elithile ukuze kungene i-electrolyte. Ukusebenza kwe-extraction yesisombululo se-electrolytic kwathelekiswa, kwaye iziphumo zibhengeza ukubhengezwa kwe-PC, i-DEC kunye ne-DME, kwaye isantya sokutsalwa kwe-PC yayiyeyona ikhawulezayo, kwaye i-electrolyte inokukhutshwa ngokupheleleyo emva kweeyure ze-2, kwaye i-PC inokusetyenziswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo amaxesha amaninzi, okunokuthi ngenxa yee-PC ezichaseneyo ezine-electromalities ezinkulu zinceda ngakumbi ukuchithwa kwe-lithium yetyuwa. I-Supercritical CO2 iphinda isetyenziswe inkunkuma ye-lithium ion ibhetri ye-electrolyte ibhekisela kwinkqubo yesisombululo se-electrolytic efakwe kwi-CO2 ephezulu njenge-extractant, eyahlula i-lithium ion yebhetri diaphragm kunye nezinto ezisebenzayo.

Gruetzke et al. Funda isiphumo sokutsalwa kwe-CO2 yolwelo kunye ne-CO2 ephezulu kwi-electrolyte. Ngokuphathelele inkqubo ye-electrolyte equkethe i-LiPF6, i-DMC, i-EMC kunye ne-EC, xa kusetyenziswa i-CO2 ye-liquid, izinga lokubuyisela i-DMC kunye ne-EMC liphezulu, kwaye ukubuyiswa kwe-EC kuphantsi, kwaye izinga lokubuyisela lilonke liphezulu xa ukubuyiswa kwe-EC kuphantsi.

Ukuphumelela kwe-extraction yesisombululo se-electrolytic kuphezulu kwi-CO2 yolwelo, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-electrolyte kunokufezekiswa (89.1 ± 3.4)% (iqhezu lobuninzi).

I-LIU et al, i-supercritical CO2 i-electrolyte ye-extractive edityaniswe ne-dynamic extraction emva kokutsalwa okumileyo kokuqala, kunye ne-85% yezinga lokutsalwa linokufumaneka. Itekhnoloji ye-vacuum pyrolysis ibuyisela isisombululo se-electrolytic ukufezekisa ukuxutywa kwezinto ezisebenzayo kunye nolwelo lwangoku, ukwenza lula inkqubo yokubuyisela, kodwa inkqubo yokubuyisela inokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu, kwaye isombulule ngakumbi i-fluorocarbon organic compound; inkqubo yokutsalwa kwe-solvent ye-organic inokubuyiselwa Icandelo elibalulekileyo le-electrolyte, kodwa kukho ingxaki yeendleko eziphezulu zokutsalwa kwe-solvent, ukuhlukana kunzima kunye nezihluma ezilandelayo, njl.; Itekhnoloji ye-Supercritical ye-CO2 yokukhutshwa ayinayo i-solvent residu, ukuhlukana okulula kwe-solvent, ukunciphisa imveliso efanelekileyo, njl.

, ibhetri ye-lithium ion Enye yezikhokelo zophando ze-electrolyte recycling, kodwa kukho ubuninzi bokusetyenziswa kwe-CO2, kwaye i-agent edibeneyo inokuchaphazela ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kwe-electrolyte. 5 Iindlela zokubuyisela izinto ze-electrode ezingalunganga Ukubola ukusuka kwi-LIFEPO4 indlela yokungaphumeleli kwebhetri, iqondo lokudodobala kwentsebenzo yegraphite engalunganga likhulu kunemathiriyeli ye-LiFePO4 entle, kwaye ngenxa yexabiso eliphantsi ngokwentelekiso ye-graphite ye-electrode engalunganga, isixa-mali sincinci ngokwentelekiso, ukubuyiswa kunye noqoqosho lubuthathaka, okwangoku Ukuhlaziya kwakhona uphando kwi-electrode engalunganga xa kuthelekiswa nenkunkuma encinci. Kwi-electrode engalunganga, i-foil yobhedu iyabiza kwaye inkqubo yokubuyisela ilula.

Inexabiso eliphezulu lokubuyisela. I-graphite powder efunyenweyo kulindeleke ukuba ijikeleze ekuqhutyweni kwebhetri ngokuguqulwa. U-Zhou Xu et al, ukuhlolwa kwe-vibration, ukuhlolwa kwe-vibration kunye nenkqubo yokudibanisa i-airflow yohlulahlula kwaye ibuyise inkunkuma ye-lithium ion yebhetri engalunganga ye-electrode.

Inkqubo yenkqubo ihlanjululwe kumatshini wokuqhawula isando ukuya kwi-particle ububanzi obungaphantsi kwe-1 mm, kwaye ukuchithwa kufakwe kwi-plate yokusabalalisa ibhedi edibeneyo ukwenza ibhedi esisigxina; ukuvula i-fan yokulungelelanisa isantya sokuhamba kwegesi, ukuvumela umbhede we-particulate ulungise umbhede, Umbhede ukhululekile, kwaye i-fluid yokuqala ide ifikelele kwi-fluidization eyaneleyo, isinyithi sihlukaniswe kwiingqungquthela ezingezizo zetsimbi, apho icandelo lokukhanya liqokelelwa yi-airflow, ukuqokelela isahluli se-cyclone, kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwakhona kugcinwa phantsi kwebhedi edibeneyo. Iziphumo zibhengeza ukuba emva kokuba i-electrode engalunganga ihlolwe, ubukhulu be-particle yi-92.4% ekugqabhukeni kwe-particle ye-particle engaphezulu kwe-0.

I-250 mm, kwaye ibakala le-toner yi-96.6% kwiqhekeza elingaphantsi kwe-0.125 mm, kwaye inokubuyiselwa; Phakathi kokugqabhuka kwe-0.

I-125--0.250mm, ibakala lobhedu liphantsi, kwaye ukwahlula okusebenzayo kunye nokubuyiswa kobhedu kunye ne-toner kunokufezekiswa ngokuhlelwa kokuhamba kwegesi. Okwangoku, i-electrode engalunganga isekelwe ikakhulu kwi-binder yamanzi, kwaye i-binder inokuchithwa kwisisombululo esinamanzi, i-electrode engafanelekanga kunye ne-copper foil yomqokeleli inokwahlulwa ngeenkqubo ezilula.

UZhu Xiaohui, njl. Iphepha le-electrode elibi lifakwe kwi-dilute hydrochloric acid isisombululo, kwaye ishidi legraphite echanekileyo kunye nomqokeleli we-copper foil iyahlukana, kwaye umqokeleli uyahlanjwa, kwaye ukubuyiswa kufezekiswa.

Izinto zegraphite ziyahluzwa, zomiswe, kwaye zihluzwe ukuze kufunyanwe imveliso ekrwada yegraphite. Imveliso ekrwada isonjululwe kwi-arhente oxidizing ezifana asidi nitric, asidi oxidic, ukususa ikhompawundi metal kwizinto eziphathekayo, ibhinda, kunye negraphite umphezulu ukuntshula functionalized iqela, okubangela ukuhlanjululwa yesibini imathiriyeli igraphite emva kokuqokelela ukoma. Emva kokuba izinto ze-graphite ezihlambulukileyo zesibini zicwiliselwe kwisisombululo esincinci se-aqueous se-ethylenediamine okanye i-diviniscin, emva koko ukukhuselwa kwe-nitrogen kuxazululwe nge-thermal ukulungisa izinto ze-graphite, kunye ne-graphite powder eguquliweyo yebhetri inokufumaneka.

I-electrode engalunganga yebhetri yenkunkuma ijwayele ukusebenzisa i-aqueous bonding, ngoko ke izinto ezisebenzayo kunye ne-foil yobhedu egxininisiweyo inokucocwa ngendlela elula, kunye nokubuyiswa okuqhelekileyo kweefoyile zobhedu zexabiso eliphezulu, i-graphite ilahleka iya kubangela inkunkuma enkulu yezinto eziphathekayo. Ke ngoko, ukuphuhlisa itekhnoloji yokuguqulwa kunye nokulungiswa kwezinto zegraphite, ukuqonda ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kwenkunkuma yezinto zegraphite kwishishini lebhetri okanye ezinye iindidi zoshishino. I-6 Inzuzo yezoqoqosho yokuphinda isetyenziswe ukubola kwezoqoqosho i-lithium iron phosphate inkunkuma yokubuyisela ibhetri ichaphazeleka kakhulu ngamaxabiso ezinto ezibonakalayo, kubandakanywa ixabiso lokubuyisela iibhetri zenkunkuma, ixabiso le-carbonate eluhlaza, ixabiso le-lithium iron phosphate, njl.

Ukusebenzisa indlela yetekhnoloji esetyenzisiweyo emanzi, elona xabiso lifunyenweyo loqoqosho lwebhetri ye-phosphate ion yi-lithium, ingeniso yokubuyisela imalunga ne-7800 yuan / ton, kwaye iindleko zokubuyisela malunga ne-8,500 yuan / ton, kwaye ingeniso yokubuyisela ayinakuchithwa. Iindleko zokuphinda zisetyenziswe, apho iindleko zokubuyisela i-lithium iron phosphate yeendleko ze-original material zenza i-27%, kwaye iindleko ze-excipient cost yi-35%. Iindleko ze-excipients zibalulekile kubandakanya i-hydrochloric acid, i-sodium hydroxide, i-hydrogen peroxide, njl.

(ngaphezulu kwedatha evela kwimanyano yebhetri kunye nokhuphiswano) Di consultation). Ukusebenzisa iindlela zobuchwepheshe ezimanzi, i-lithium ayikwazi ukuphumeza ukubuyiswa okupheleleyo (i-lithium recovery idla ngama-90% okanye ngaphantsi), i-phosphorus, i-iron recovery effect ihlwempuzekile, kwaye isebenzise inani elikhulu labancedisi, njl., kubalulekile ukusebenzisa indlela yobugcisa emanzi kunzima ukufezekisa inzuzo yokuqala.

Ibhetri yenkunkuma ye-lithium ye-iron phosphate isebenzisa ubushushu obuphezulu besigaba sokulungisa indlela okanye indlela yokuvuselela iteknoloji, xa kuthelekiswa nendlela yobugcisa emanzi, inkqubo yokubuyisela ayinakunyibilika i-alkali ye-aluminium foil kunye ne-asidi enyibilikisiweyo yezinto ezilungileyo ze-electrode lithium iron phosphate kunye namanye amanyathelo enkqubo, ngoko ke inani lokusetyenziswa kwezincedisi likhulu. Ukunciphisa, kunye nobushushu obuphezulu bokulungiswa kwesigaba esiqinileyo okanye indlela yokuvuselela iteknoloji, ukubuyiswa okuphezulu kwe-lithium, isinyithi kunye ne-phosphorus izinto zinokuba neenzuzo eziphezulu zokubuyisela, ngokuhambelana nokulindela kweBeijing Saidmy, usebenzisa umthetho wokulungisa ubushushu obuphezulu I-Component recycling yeteknoloji indlela, iya kuba nako ukufikelela malunga ne-20% yenzuzo eshiyekileyo. 7 Xa izinto zokubuyisela ziyizinto ezixubileyo zokubuyisela izinto ezixubileyo, zifanelekile ukubuyiswa kwetsimbi ngendlela ye-chemical precipitation okanye iteknoloji ye-biological leaching, kunye nezinto zekhemikhali ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe kwakhona, kodwa ngokubhekiselele kwizinto ze-LiFePO4, ukubuyiswa okumanzi ixesha elide, Ukusebenzisa i-reagents ye-acid-base kunye nokusombulula inani elikhulu le-asidi-base-waste liquid, kukho ukusilela kwexabiso eliphezulu lokubuyisela ixabiso lezoqoqosho kunye nexabiso eliphantsi lokubuyisela.

Xa kuthelekiswa nendlela yokuxinana kweekhemikhali, ukulungiswa kobushushu obuphezulu kunye neendlela zokuvuselela ubushushu obuphezulu zinexesha elifutshane elifutshane, kwaye inani le-acid-base reagent lincinci, kwaye ubungakanani benkunkuma ye-asidi ye-alkali incinci, kodwa indlela iyafuneka ukusombulula okanye ukuhlaziya isisombululo. I-intrinsic engqongqo yokuthintela iipropathi ze-electrochemical zokungcola zihlala zichaphazela izinto. Ukungcola kubandakanya inani elincinci le-aluminium foil, i-copper foil, njl.

Ukongeza kwingxaki, yingxaki ethe ngqo, kwaye inkqubo yokuhlaziya iye yafundwa kusetyenziso olukhulu kodwa ayiyongxaki yomnqweno. Ukuze kuphuculwe ixabiso lezoqoqosho kwiibhetri zenkunkuma, i-electrolyte ephantsi kwexabiso eliphantsi kunye neendlela ezingalunganga zokubuyisela izinto ze-electrode kufuneka ziphuhliswe ngakumbi, kwaye izinto eziluncedo kwibhetri yenkunkuma zinyuswe ukuze kwandiswe ukubuyiswa.