Waste storage battery regular recovery rate is less than 30%

著者：Iflowpower – Mofani oa Seteishene sa Motlakase se nkehang

my country is the world's largest battery producer and exporting country, but the waste battery recovery system is extremely uncomfortable. Recently, "Economic Report" reporter learned from the Environmental Protection Department Environment and Economic Policy Research Center and the Status Quo and Countermeasures of my country 's Waste Battery Recycling Management in my country, the number of waste batteries that occur every year exceeded China 2.6 million tons, but the regular recovery ratio is less than 30%.

The waste battery recovery industry is inadvertent state, nearly 80% of the waste battery still flows into the illegal recycling and processing links through individual trafficking, and a large number of waste storage is randomly dismantled, and the environmental problems that occur are increasingly serious. In the past 10 years, the waste storage battery has been rapidly rising in the past 10 years. It is the world's largest battery producer and exporting country.

The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has shown that the battery production reaches 174863,000 kVah, which rose in 2011. 27%. The research report of "my country's Battery Recycling Management and Countermeasures", which is jointly announced by the Ministry of Environmental Protection, and the Natural Resources Protection Association, China is also known, and my country is also used in battery consumption, and the battery is widely used in transportation, communications, electricity, railways and other industries.

Among them, there is a three-category of the electric bicycle power lithium-ion battery, and the three categories of the reserve power supply account for 90% of the total consumption. The number of waste batteries is also very amazing, and the number of waste batteries that appear annually exceeds 2.6 million tons.

The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued in 2010 (Draft for Combination), the recovery rate of the waste battery in developed countries such as Europe, United States, Japan, etc., and my country's organized recycling Less rate of less than 30%. At present, there is no national and regional recycling network built by battery manufacturers or regenerated lead manufacturers.

Cao Guoqing, deputy secretary general of my country's Battery Industry Association, said that the recovery of waste lead-acid battery, individual channels accounted for 50% -60%, and the waste battery flowing to irregular regeneration lead companies is one of the roots of lead pollution. The recycling link has a serious battery "regenerated acid", some regenerated lead companies do not contain acid-free waste batteries, and the flow of waste acid is unclear, lead pollution and acid pollution risk is very large. At present, the sales volume of automobile batteries is calculated according to 50 million kVah, of which 30 million kVah is rich, about 150,000 tons of lead dilute sulfuric acid, about 42,000 tons of sulfuric acid; in recent years, lead waste acid pouring is rising, 2008 The total amount of the acid was 99,500 tons, reached 2.

614 million tons in 2012. It is understood that on the one hand, my country's waste storage battery recycling industry is generally inadvertently, and the waste battery flows to irregular regeneration lead companies. On the other hand, the company "eat unsaturated".

Referring to relevant information related to professionals, the annual emergence of Beijing waste batteries is approximately 12 to 150,000 tons / year, and the conservative estimate is not less than 100,000 tons. However, the only company in Beijing has a total of 7,000 tons of waste batteries last year. There is less than 10% of the tissue recovery rate.

Shanxi Yang Coal Group Shanxi Ji Jijian Technology Co., Ltd. built a 100,000-ton domestic first battery cleaning production closed circulation industry chain, but only 15,000 tons.

Shanghai currently has an annual amount of battery presence in 8.5-95 million tons, while only 0.7 million tons of dangerous shifts through regular channels through regular channels.

The recovery management of waste storage is facing four major challenges. "Although the waste battery is one of the 49 hazardous waste products in the National Hazardous Waste Directory, there is a strict regulations of its recycling, storage and disposal, but in practice, due to lack of lack Phenomenon of related supporting policies, measures, and regulatory, existing business and disorderly competition. Yang Xiaoming, senior engineer of the Environmental and Economic Policy Research Center, Environmental Protection Department, said.

Yang Xiaoming and other experts believe that overall look at the four major challenges in domestic battery recovery management. First, a large number of illegal subjects are present in the market, the qualification recovery subject lacks price competitive advantage. According to the data, the regeneration lead output is about 1.

23 million tons in 2009, 200-300 renewable lead companies, the company's average scale is only 0.67-045 million tons / year. Due to the lack of competitiveness due to the recovery price of qualification recovery companies, the amount of waste battery recovered by the company and battery consumers is insufficient, and the cost of the current model cost is difficult to decrease.

Shanxi Ji Tianli Company Deputy General Manager Wan Xuejie has a feeling. She told reporters that Ji Tianli waste battery recycling is huge, and then the regeneration company must pay 17% of value-added tax, and the recycling of waste storage is only less than 4,000 yuan / ton, otherwise it will lose money. However, some small smelters have profit of 7,000 / ton.

"The irregular small smelter is too much, big investment and income are not proportional, we face the difficulties of no rice pot. "Wan Xuejie said. Second, the responsibility of producers, sellers, users, and recycles in the whole system have no normative requirements, and the formal system is difficult to establish.

Despite the relevant provisions of the "Circular Economic Promotion Law", it is still not issued as of now, forcibly recycling products or packaging materials. Third, the market is high. "Dangerous Waste Business License Management Measures" and "Technical Specifications for Waste Battery Pollution Control" stipulate that units with hazardous waste integrated business licenses can engage in waste storage, storage and disposal, etc.

Due to the high application threshold for hazardous waste integrated business licenses, many companies or individuals are difficult to achieve. Cao Guoqing said that there is no more than 5 companies with professional recycling waste battery qualifications in China. On the other hand, the unit with hazardous waste business qualification does not have the ability to distribute a wide range of waste battery recycling networks independently.

Fourth, multi-departmental joint supervision is large. A number of government agencies involved in the waste storage battery recovery process, only by environmental protection department is difficult to achieve. Regulations and economic incentives are key to the focus.

Developed countries have established a relatively complete waste battery recovery system, there are three important ways, one is that the battery manufacturers are responsible for recycling through their retail network; second, specializing in collecting battery according to government regulations. The forced alliance with lead waste recycling (including government industrial sectors, environmental protection departments and battery production, sales to the secondary production cycle of collecting, recycling and lead) and professional recycling companies; third is to build specific Waste battery recycling company. The unified waste battery of the above three ways of recovery is handled by formal regeneration lead, and the government gives a certain waste battery for renewable lead companies.

Experts from the Environmental and Economic Policy Research Center and Natural Resources Protection Association believe that the construction of waste storage batteries is a complex system engineering involving a number of interest mains such as government, production, recycling and regeneration, and public, to build perfect Waste storage battery recycling system, combined with international related experience, my country will start from the following aspects: First, the government department should increase the legislation of maintenance and recycling, law enforcement. Standardizing the responsibility and obligation of consumer terminals in regular recovery and disposal of waste batteries, it should clarify that individual consumers will return old batteries in the sales point, and the group users are subject to the private system to investigate their corresponding environmental pollution responsibility. Encourage conditional retailers and other collectors to recycle waste storage batteries from consumer ends, improve the "Administrative Measures for Hazardous Waste Business License", incorporate waste storage into hazardous waste collection licenses, and encourage market participants to regulate participation; strengthen maintenance The operation of the legal waste battery transportation channel, encouraging battery manufacturers to establish effective new and old battery exchange networks, combat transportation, combat transportation; strengthen the sewage supervision of qualified recovery processing companies, encourage equipment update, and contamination The material emission standard, gradually and internationally, reduce pollutant emissions; incorporate the battery into the forced recycling product catalog, implement the production of battery manufacturers, producers' responsibility extension system.

The second is to encourage the establishment of a regulatory chain through an economic contract in the industry. All participants in the field of battery manufacturers and battery recycling have economic relationships, and cooperation can effectively ensure that the recycling system operates themselves according to the market law and makes all parties to obtain profitable space. Manufacturers and retailers, manufacturers and smelters can establish cooperation through contracts.

At the same time, any incentive measures based on market mechanisms must be based on legal and strict supervision, based on the company's fair competition. "In a good policy orientation and laws and regulations, it is possible to achieve (waste battery) high recovery rate. "The Senior Lawyers of the Natural Resources Protection Association said that" retailer's participation will promote the recycling, regulations and economic incentives of waste batteries, which is the key to promoting this participation.

"The third is to conduct extensive education and guidance. Such as setting markers in the battery point of sale or the issuance, etc.