Tsvina yekuchengetera bhatiri yenguva dzose kudzoreredza mwero uri pasi pe30%

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - អ្នកផ្គត់ផ្គង់ស្ថានីយ៍ថាមពលចល័ត

nyika yangu ndiyo inogadzira bhatiri hombe pasirese uye inotengesa kunze kwenyika, asi tsvina yebhatiri yekudzoreredza system haina kugadzikana. Munguva ichangopfuura, "Economic Report" mutori wenhau akadzidza kubva kuEvironment Protection Department Environmental and Economic Policy Research Center uye Status Quo uye Countermeasures yenyika yangu Waste Battery Recycling Management munyika yangu, nhamba yemabhatiri emarara anoitika gore negore yakapfuura China mamiriyoni 2.6 matani, asi chiyero chenguva dzose chekudzorera chiri pasi pe30%.

Indasitiri yemarara bhatiri yekudzoreredza inyika isingafungidzire, ingangoita 80% yebhatiri marara ichiri kuyerera ichipinda mune zvisiri pamutemo kudzokorora uye kugadzirisa zvinongedzo kuburikidza nekutengesa kwega, uye huwandu hukuru hwekuchengetera marara hunobviswa zvisina tsarukano, uye matambudziko ezvakatipoteredza anoitika ari kuwedzera zvakanyanya. Mumakore gumi apfuura, bhatiri rekuchengetedza tsvina rave richikwira nekukurumidza mumakore gumi apfuura. Ndiyo inogadzira mabhatiri hombe pasi rose uye inotumira kunze kwenyika.

Bazi reIndasitiri uye Ruzivo rweTekinoroji yakaratidza kuti kugadzirwa kwebhatiri kunosvika 174863,000 kVah, iyo yakasimuka muna 2011. 27%. Chirevo chekutsvagisa che "nyika yangu Battery Recycling Management uye Countermeasures", iyo yakaziviswa pamwe chete neBazi reKuchengetedzwa Kwenzvimbo, uye Natural Resources Protection Association, China inozivikanwa zvakare, uye nyika yangu inoshandiswawo mukushandiswa kwebhatiri, uye bhatiri rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukufambisa, kutaurirana, magetsi, njanji uye mamwe maindasitiri.

Pakati pavo, pane matatu-chikamu chemagetsi bhasikoro simba lithium-ion bhatiri, uye mapoka matatu eakachengeterwa magetsi emagetsi account ye90% yehuwandu hwekushandisa. Huwandu hwemabhatiri emarara zvakare hunoshamisa kwazvo, uye huwandu hwemabhatiri emarara anooneka gore negore anodarika 2.6 miriyoni matani.

Bazi reIndasitiri neRuzivo rweTekinoroji rakaburitswa muna 2010 (Draft for Combination), mwero wekudzoreredza bhatiri remarara munyika dzakasimukira dzakaita seEurope, United States, Japan, nezvimwewo, uye nyika yangu yakarongeka yekudzokorodza Chiyero chiri pasi pe30%. Parizvino, hapana yenyika uye yedunhu recycling network yakavakwa nevagadziri vemabhatiri kana vagadziri vanotungamira.

Cao Guoqing, mutevedzeri wemunyori mukuru weBattery Industry Association yenyika yangu, akataura kuti kudzoreredzwa kwemarara e-lead-acid bhatiri, nzira dzega dzakaita 50% -60%, uye bhatiri remarara rinoyerera richienda kumakambani anotungamira ekuvandudza mutsara ndeimwe yemidzi yekusvibiswa kwemutobvu. Iyo yekudzokorodza chinongedzo ine yakakomba bhatiri "regenerated acid", mamwe makambani ekutungamira akagadziridzwa haana mabhatiri emarara asina acid, uye kuyerera kwemarara acid hakuna kujeka, kusvibiswa kwemutobvu uye njodzi yekusvibiswa kweasidhi yakakura kwazvo. Parizvino, huwandu hwekutengesa kwemabhatiri emotokari hunoverengwa maererano ne50 mamiriyoni kVah, iyo mamiriyoni 30 kVah akapfuma, anenge 150,000 matani emutobvu anoderedza sulfuric acid, anenge 42,000 matani e sulfuric acid; mumakore achangopfuura, lead waste acid kudurura iri kuwedzera, 2008 Huwandu hweasidhi hwaive 99,500 matani, hwasvika pa2.

614 miriyoni matani muna 2012. Zvinonzwisiswa kuti kune rumwe rutivi, nyika yangu yekuchengetera marara bhatiri recycling indasitiri kazhinji nekusaziva, uye marara bhatiri rinoyerera richienda kumakambani anotungamira ekuvandudza asina kujairika. Kune rumwe rutivi, kambani "idya unsaturated".

Tichitaura nezveruzivo rwakakodzera rune chekuita nenyanzvi, kubuda kwepagore kweBeijing mabhatiri emarara angangoita gumi nemaviri kusvika zviuru zana nemakumi mashanu ematani / gore, uye fungidziro inochengetedza haisi pasi pe100,000 matani. Nekudaro, iyo chete kambani muBeijing ine huwandu hwe7,000 matani emabhatiri emarara gore rapfuura. Iko kune isingasviki 10% yetishu yekudzoreredza mwero.

Shanxi Yang Coal Group Shanxi Ji Jijian Technology Co., Ltd. yakavaka 100,000-tani yepamba yekutanga bhatiri yekuchenesa kugadzirwa yakavharwa kutenderera indasitiri cheni, asi gumi nemashanu chete matani.

Shanghai parizvino ine huwandu hwegore hwekuvapo kwebhatiri mumatani 8.5-95 miriyoni, nepo chete 0.7 miriyoni matani ekuchinja kune njodzi kuburikidza nematanho akajairwa kuburikidza nematanho akajairika.

Iyo yekudzoreredza manejimendi yekuchengetedza marara iri kutarisana nematambudziko mana makuru. "Kunyangwe bhatiri remarara iri imwe ye49 ine njodzi tsvina muNational Hazardous Waste Directory, pane mirau yakasimba yekudzokorodza kwayo, kuchengetwa uye kuraswa, asi mukuita, nekuda kwekushaikwa kwePhenomenon yezvine chekuita nemitemo inotsigira, matanho, uye kutonga, bhizinesi riripo uye makwikwi asina kurongeka. Yang Xiaoming, injiniya mukuru weEnvironment and Economic Policy Research Center, Environmental Protection Department, akadaro.

Yang Xiaoming nedzimwe nyanzvi dzinotenda kuti kutarisa kwese kune matambudziko mana makuru mudzimba kudzoreredza bhatiri manejimendi. Kutanga, nhamba huru yezvidzidzo zvisiri pamutemo zviripo mumusika, iyo qualification recovery subject inoshaya mutengo wekukwikwidza mukana. Zvinoenderana nedata, iyo yekuvandudza inotungamira inobuda inenge 1.

23 miriyoni matani muna 2009, 200-300 renewable kutungamirira makambani, avhareji yekambani chiyero chete mamiriyoni 0.67-045 matani / gore. Nekuda kwekushaikwa kwekukwikwidza nekuda kwemutengo wekudzoreredza wemakambani ekudzoreredza zvikwereti, huwandu hwebhatiri remarara rakadzoserwa nekambani nevatengi vebhatiri harina kukwana, uye mutengo weiyo yazvino modhi mutengo wakaoma kudzikira.

Shanxi Ji Tianli Kambani Mutevedzeri Mukuru Maneja Wan Xuejie ane manzwiro. Akaudza vatori venhau kuti Ji Tianli tsvina yebhatiri recycling yakakura, uye ipapo kambani yekuvandudza inofanirwa kubhadhara 17% yemutero-wakawedzerwa mutero, uye kudzokorodza kwemarara ekuchengetera marara kunongori pasi pe4,000 yuan / tani, zvikasadaro icharasikirwa nemari. Nekudaro, mamwe madiki anonyungudutsa ane purofiti ye7,000 / tani.

“Iyo yekunyunguditsa diki isingaite yakawandisa, mari yakawandisa nemari haina kuenzana, takatarisana nedambudziko rekushaya mupunga. "Wan Xuejie akadaro. Chechipiri, basa revagadziri, vatengesi, vashandisi, uye vanodzokorodza muhurongwa hwese havana zvinojairwa, uye iyo yepamutemo system yakaoma kumisa.

Kunyangwe zvipikirwa zvakakodzera zve "Circular Economic Promotion Law", haisati yapihwa kusvika pari zvino, ichidzokorodza nechisimba zvigadzirwa kana zvekurongedza. Chechitatu, musika wakakwira. "Dangerous Waste Business License Management Measures" uye "Technical Specifications for Waste Battery Pollution Control" inotaridza kuti mayuniti ane njodzi akabatanidzwa marezinesi ebhizinesi anogona kuita mukuchengetedza marara, kuchengetedza nekurasa, nezvimwe.

Nekuda kwehukuru hwekushandisa chikumbaridzo chemarara ane njodzi akabatanidzwa marezinesi ebhizinesi, makambani mazhinji kana vanhu vakanetsa kuwana. Cao Guoqing akataura kuti hapana makambani anopfuura mashanu ane hunyanzvi hwekudzokorodza tsvina yebhatiri kuChina. Nekune rimwe divi, iyo unit ine njodzi marara bhizinesi qualification haina kugona kugovera huwandu hwakawanda hwemarara bhatiri recycling network yakazvimirira.

Chechina, hutungamiri hwemapazi akawanda hwakakura. Nhamba dzinoverengeka dzehurumende masangano anobatanidzwa mumarara ekuchengetedza bhatiri kudzoreredza maitiro, chete nedhipatimendi rekuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza zvakaoma kuwana. Mitemo uye zvinokurudzira zvehupfumi ndizvo zvakakosha pakutarisa.

Nyika dzakasimukira dzakagadzira hurongwa hwakakwana hwekurasa bhatiri, kune nzira nhatu dzakakosha, imwe ndeyekuti vanogadzira mabhatiri vane basa rekudzokorora kuburikidza netiweki yavo yekutengesa; chechipiri, kunyanya kuunganidza bhatiri maererano nemitemo yehurumende. Mubatanidzwa wekumanikidzirwa nekudzoreredza tsvina yemutobvu (kusanganisira zvikamu zvehurumende zveindasitiri, madhipatimendi ekuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza uye kugadzirwa kwebhatiri, kutengesa kune yechipiri kugadzirwa kutenderera kwekuunganidza, kudzokorodza uye kutungamirira) uye makambani ehunyanzvi ekudzokorodza; yechitatu ndeyekuvaka chaiyo Waste bhatiri recycling kambani. Bhatiri remarara rakabatana renzira nhatu dziri pamusoro dzekudzoreredza inobatwa neyakarongwa yekuvandudza lead, uye hurumende inopa imwe marara bhatiri kumakambani anotungamira anotungamira.

Nyanzvi dzinobva kuEnvironment and Economic Policy Research Center uye Natural Resources Protection Association dzinotenda kuti kuvakwa kwemabhatiri ekuchengetera marara inzira yakaoma yeinjiniya inosanganisira akati wandei madhiri akadai sehurumende, kugadzira, kudzokorodza uye kugadzirwa patsva, uye neruzhinji, kuvaka rakakwana Kuchengetera bhatiri recycling system, yakasanganiswa neruzivo rwepasirese, nyika yangu ichatanga kubva pane zvinotevera zvinhu: Kutanga, dhipatimendi rekugadzirisa uye remitemo rinofanira kuwedzera dhipatimendi rehurumende. Kumisikidza basa uye chisungo chezviteshi zvevatengi mukudzoreredza nekurasa mabhatiri emarara, zvinofanirwa kujekesa kuti mutengi wega wega anodzosa mabhatiri ekare munzvimbo yekutengesa, uye vashandisi veboka vari pasi peiyo yakavanzika sisitimu yekuferefeta yavo inoenderana nekusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza mutoro. Kurudzirai vatengesi vane zvimiso uye vamwe vateresi kuti vadzokorore mabhatiri ekuchengetera marara kubva kumagumo evatengi, kuvandudza "Administrative Measures for Hazardous Waste Business License", kubatanidza kuchengetwa kwemarara mumarezinesi ekuunganidza marara, uye kukurudzira vatori vechikamu pamusika kuti vatonge kutora chikamu; simbisa gadziriso Kushanda kweiyo pamutemo tsvina bhatiri yekufambisa chiteshi, kukurudzira vanogadzira mabhatiri kuti vamise anoshanda matsva uye ekare mabhatiri ekuchinjana network, kurwisa kutakura, kurwisa kutakura; simbisa kutariswa kwetsvina yemakambani anokwanisa kudzoreredza ekugadzirisa, kurudzira kugadziridzwa kwemidziyo, uye kusvibiswa Muyero wekuburitsa zvinhu, zvishoma nezvishoma uye kune dzimwe nyika, kuderedza kusvibiswa kwemhepo; batanidza bhatiri muakamanikidza kudzokorodza chigadzirwa kabhuku, ita kugadzirwa kwevagadziri vebhatiri, vagadziri&39; mutoro wekuwedzera sisitimu.

Chechipiri ndechekukurudzira kugadzwa kweketani yekutonga kuburikidza nechibvumirano chehupfumi muindasitiri. Vese vatori vechikamu mumunda wevagadziri mabhatiri uye kudzokorodza bhatiri vane hukama hwehupfumi, uye kushandira pamwe kunogona kunyatso kuona kuti iyo recycling system inoshanda yega zvinoenderana nemutemo wemusika uye inoita kuti mapato ese awane nzvimbo ine pundutso. Vagadziri uye vatengesi, vagadziri uye vanonyungudutsa vanogona kumisikidza kubatana kuburikidza nezvibvumirano.

Panguva imwecheteyo, chero matanho ekukurudzira anoenderana nemaitiro emusika anofanirwa kuve akavakirwa pakutonga kwepamutemo uye kwakasimba, zvichibva pamakwikwi akanaka ekambani. "Mune maitiro akanaka emitemo uye mitemo nemirairo, zvinokwanisika kuwana (marara bhatiri) yakakwirira yekudzoreredza. "The Senior Lawyers of the Natural Resources Protection Association vakataura kuti" kutora chikamu kwemutengesi kuchasimudzira kudzokororwa, mirau uye kukurudzira kwehupfumi kwemabhatiri emarara, inova kiyi yekusimudzira kutora chikamu uku.

“Chechitatu kuita fundo huru negwara. Zvakadai sekuisa mamakisi munzvimbo yebhatiri yekutengesa kana kuburitsa, nezvimwe.