Ingabe amashaja emoto kagesi asebenza emhlabeni wonke? | iFlowPower

“Nakuba wonke ama-EV esebenzisa amapulagi ajwayelekile afanayo ekushajweni kweLeveli 1 neleveli 2, izindinganiso zokushaja kwe-DC zingahluka phakathi kwabakhiqizi nezifunda.”

Izinhlobo ezahlukene zamapulaki namashaja asuselwe ezinhlotsheni zokushaja 

Ukushaja kwe-EV kungahlukaniswa ngamaleveli amathathu ahlukene. Lawa maleveli amele ukuphuma kwamandla, ngakho-ke isivinini sokushaja, esifinyeleleka ukushaja imoto kagesi. Ileveli ngayinye inezinhlobo zezixhumi ezikhethiwe eziklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphansi noma aphezulu, kanye nokuphatha ukushaja kwe-AC noma kwe-DC. Amazinga ahlukene wokushaja imoto yakho kagesi abonisa isivinini namandla ogesi oshaja ngawo imoto yakho. Ngamafuphi, amapulagi afanayo ajwayelekile okushajwa kweLeveli 1 kanye neLeveli 2 futhi azoba nama-adaptha asebenzayo, kodwa amapulaki angawodwana ayadingeka ukuze kushajwe ngokushesha kwe-DC ngokusekelwe kumikhiqizo ehlukene.

Izinhlobo zepulaki yemoto kagesi

1. I-SAE J1772 (Uhlobo 1):

   - Indlela yokushaja: Isetshenziselwa ukushaja okushintshayo kwamanje (AC).

   - Izifunda Ezisebenzayo: Isetshenziswa kakhulu eNyakatho Melika.

   - Izici: Isixhumi se-SAE J1772 iyipulaki ene-notch, eyaziwa ngokuhambisana kwayo okuqinile, efanelekayo ezimotweni eziningi zikagesi.

   - Isivinini sokushaja: Ivamise ukusetshenziselwa iziteshi zokushaja ze-AC zasekhaya nezomphakathi, ezinikeza isivinini sokushaja esihamba kancane esilungele izidingo zokushaja zansuku zonke.

Ukushaja kweleveli 1 (120-volt AC)

Amashaja eLeveli 1 asebenzisa ipulaki ye-AC engu-120-volt futhi angaxhunywa kalula endaweni kagesi evamile. Kungenziwa ngentambo ye-Level 1 EVSE ene-  ipulaki yasendlini esezingeni eliphezulu enama-prong amathathu kwelinye icala le-outlet kanye nesixhumi esijwayelekile se-J1722 semoto. Uma ixhunywe kupulaki engu-120V AC, amanani wokushaja avala phakathi kuka-1.4kW kuya ku-3kW futhi angathatha noma yikuphi ukusuka emahoreni angu-8 kuya kwayi-12 kuye ngokuthi ibhethri lingakanani kanye nesimo. 

Ukushaja kweleveli 2 (240-volt AC)

Ukushaja kwezinga 2 kubhekisela endleleni yokushaja izimoto zikagesi (EVs) esebenzisa amandla kagesi aphezulu kunezindlu ezijwayelekile zasendlini. Ngokuvamile ifaka umthombo wamandla angu-240-volt futhi idinga ukufakwa kwesiteshi sokushaja esikhethekile noma ishaja ebekwe odongeni. 

Ukushaja kweleveli 2 kushesha kakhulu futhi kunganikeza izinga lokushaja eliphezulu. Ivamise ukusetshenziswa ekhaya, ezindaweni zokusebenza, naseziteshini zokushaja zomphakathi ukuze kushajwe kabusha ama-EV. Amashaja eLeveli 2 ahambisana namamodeli amaningi e-EV futhi angashaja imoto ngokugcwele esikhathini esingamahora, kuye ngomthamo webhethri.

Ukushaja kweleveli 2 kunikeza lula nokuvumelana nezimo kubanikazi be-EV, njengoba inikeza izikhathi zokushaja ngokushesha futhi kunika amandla amabanga amade okushayela. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ingqalasizinda yokushaja yeLeveli 2 ingase ingatholakali kabanzi njengokushajwa kweLeveli 1, ikakhulukazi ezifundeni noma ezindaweni ezithile.

Ukushaja Ngokushesha kwe-DC (Ukushaja Kwezinga 3)

Ukushaja izinga 3 kuyindlela eshesha kakhulu yokushaja imoto kagesi. Nakuba kungase kungavamile njengamashaja eLeveli 2, amashaja eLeveli 3 nawo angatholakala kunoma yiziphi izindawo ezinkulu ezinabantu abaningi. Ngokungafani nokushajwa Kweleveli 2, amanye ama-EV angase angahambisani nokushajwa kweLeveli 3. Amashaja eLeveli 3 nawo adinga ukufakwa nokunikeza ukushaja ngamapulagi angu-480V AC noma e-DC. Isikhathi sokushaja singathatha imizuzu engu-20 ukuya ehoreni elilodwa nesilinganiso sokushaja esingu-43kW kuya ku-100+kW ngesixhumi se-CHAdeMO noma seCCS. Womabili amashaja eLeveli 2 kanye no-3 anezixhumi eziboshelwe eziteshini zokushaja.

Njengoba kunjalo ngayo yonke idivayisi edinga ukushajwa, amabhethri emoto yakho azokwehla ngokusebenza kahle kukho konke ukushajwa. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, amabhethri emoto angahlala iminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu! Kodwa-ke, uma usebenzisa imoto yakho nsuku zonke ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, kungaba kuhle ukuyishintsha ngemva kweminyaka emithathu. Ngale kwaleli phuzu, amabhethri emoto amaningi ngeke athembeke futhi angaholela ezinkingeni eziningi zokuphepha.

2. Uhlobo 2 (Mennekes):

   - Indlela yokushaja: Isetshenziselwa ukushaja okushintshayo kwamanje (AC).

   - Izifunda Ezisebenzayo: Isetshenziswa kakhulu eYurophu.

   - Izici: Isixhumi sohlobo 2 siyipulaki eyicylindrical, evame ukubonakala, futhi ekwazi ukusekela amandla aphezulu wokushaja.

   - Isivinini sokushaja: Idizayinelwe ukushaja okunamandla amakhulu, ihlinzeka ngesivinini sokushaja se-AC esisheshayo.

3. CHAdeMO:

   - Indlela yokushaja: Isetshenziselwa ukushaja okusheshayo kwamanje (DC).

   - Izifunda Ezisebenzayo: Ikakhulukazi yamukelwe amaJapane nabanye abakhiqizi bezimoto base-Asia.

   - Izici: Isixhumi se-CHAdeMO siyipulaki enkulu uma kuqhathaniswa, ngokuvamile esetshenziselwa ukusekela ukushaja okusheshayo kwamandla aphezulu.

   - Isivinini sokushaja: Ifanele iziteshi zokushaja ngokushesha, iletha ukushaja okunesivinini esiphezulu okufanele uhambo olude kanye nezidingo zokushaja eziphuthumayo.

4. Isistimu yokushaja ehlanganisiwe (CCS):

   - Indlela Yokushaja: Isetshenziselwa kokubili ukushaja okusheshayo kwamanje (AC) kanye namanje okuqondile (DC).

   - Izifunda Ezisebenzayo: Isetshenziswa kakhulu eNyakatho Melika naseYurophu.

   - Izici: Isixhumi se-CCS sihlanganisa isixhumi sohlobo 2 (sokushaja kwe-AC) namaphinikhodi amabili e-conductive engeziwe (ekushajeni okusheshayo kwe-DC), okuvumela izimoto ukuthi zishaje zisuka kupulaki efanayo kukho kokubili i-AC ne-DC.

   - Isivinini sokushaja: Iyakwazi ukuhlinzeka ngesivinini sokushaja se-AC ne-DC, ihlinzekela izidingo zokushaja ezihlukene.

5. I-GB/T (Izinga Likazwelonke):

   - Indlela yokushaja: Isetshenziselwa kokubili ukushaja okushintshayo kwamanje (AC) kanye namanje (DC) okuqondile.

   - Izifunda Ezisebenzayo: Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezweni laseChina.

   - Izici: Isixhumi se-GB/T siyindinganiso yokushaja eyakhiwe yiKomidi Lezindinganiso Likazwelonke LaseShayina, elihambisana kakhulu nezinhlobo ezahlukene zezimoto zikagesi kanye nemishini yokushaja.

   - Isivinini sokushaja: Inikeza izinketho zokushaja ezivumelana nezimo ezifanele izimo ezihlukahlukene zokushaja.

6. Tesla:

   - Indlela yokushaja: Isetshenziswa kakhulu izimoto zikagesi zohlobo lweTesla.

   - Izifunda Ezisebenzayo: I-Tesla ishaja amanethiwekhi emhlabeni jikelele.

   - Izici: I-Tesla yamukela izixhumi ezihlukile zokushaja namazinga, ahambisana kuphela nezimoto zohlobo lweTesla, ezingasebenziseki kwezinye izinhlobo zezimoto zikagesi.

   - Isivinini sokushaja: Iziteshi zokushaja ze-Tesla zihlinzeka ngokushaja kwamandla aphezulu, okwenza isivinini sokushaja esisheshayo esifanele izidingo zokushaja okusheshayo zemoto yakwaTesla.

Lawa mazinga ahlanganisa izidingo zokushaja zezifunda ezahlukene namamodeli ezimoto, ahlinzeka ngezinketho eziningi kubasebenzisi bezimoto zikagesi. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuhlukahluka kwezindinganiso zokushaja, ezinye izindawo zokushaja zingase zidinge ukuhlonyiswa ngezinhlobo eziningi zezixhumi zokushaja ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokushaja zemikhiqizo ehlukene namamodeli ezimoto zikagesi.