Ibhetri ye-lithium eshiyiweyo iyingozi

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Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, phantsi kwenkxaso eyomeleleyo yelizwe, ishishini elitsha leemoto zelizwe lam liphuhliswe ngokukhawuleza, ngakumbi ukususela ngo-2014, imarike iyaqhuma. Ngokwezibalo ezivela kwilizwe lam i-Automotive Industry Association, kwi-2016, intengiso yemoto entsha yelizwe lam ifikelele kwi-507,000, kwaye imarike ifikelele kwi-1 yezigidi. Isithuthi esitsha samandla lishishini lesizwe elikhulayo le "13th Five-Year", ekulindeleke ukuba liphuhliswe ngakumbi.

▲ Ingxaki yebhetri yengxaki yebhetri ngokuqhelekileyo i-5-8 iminyaka, oku kuthetha ukuba ukususela kwi-2018, ilizwe lam elitsha lamandla emoto yamandla e-lithium-ion ibhetri liya kujongana nengxaki yokuphinda kusetyenziswe i-scrap. Ngokutsho koqikelelo, ngo-2020, ilizwe lam amandla emoto yelithium-ion ibhetri eqokelelweyo ngetyala iya kulindela ukufikelela kwiitoni ezingama-200,000, kunye nophuhliso kunye nexesha lophuhliso kunye nexesha lezithuthi zamandla amatsha, uxinzelelo lwebhetri ye-lithium-ion iya kuba ngaphezulu Inkulu, indlela yokuphinda isetyenziselwe i-scrap dynamic lithium ukuya kwi-injini entsha ye-lithium echaphazela ibhetri entsha ye-lithium echaphazela ibhetri entsha. Ngokutsho kwezibalo, ingxelo yonyaka yamandla enkunkuma, ibhetri ye-lithium-ion yi-20,000 ukuya kwi-40,000 yeetoni.

Ukubuyiswa kwebhetri ehambelanayo yi-2% kuphela, kunye nesivuno sangoku sokubuyisela, ekulindeleke ukuba sibe ngenxa ye-120,000 elindelekileyo kwiitoni ze-170,000 zeebhetri ezilahliweyo kwi-2020. Ke ngoko, kukho iingxaki ezininzi kulwakhiwo lwenkqubo yolawulo lokurisayikilisha, ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe, ukuphononongwa kwepateni, ukwakhiwa kwenkqubo eqhelekileyo, njl. ▲ Ukulahla ibhetri enobungozi kubangele inkunkuma yobutyebi kunye nongcoliseko lokusingqongileyo.

Izinto zekhemikhali ezikwiibhetri zenkunkuma kwindalo esingqongileyo kunye neengozi zempilo yabantu ziboniswe kulo mfanekiso ungentla. UWu Feng, unjingalwazi weBeijing Institute of Technology, wathi esidlangalaleni: “I-1 20 grams yebhetri yefowuni ephathwayo inokungcolisa amanzi equla eliqhelekileyo lokuqubha eli-3, ukuba ilahlwa emhlabeni, linokwenza isikwekhilomitha esi-1 songcoliseko lomhlaba malunga neminyaka engama-50. Khawucinge, ukuba iitoni ezimbalwa zeenqwelo zombane ze-lithium-ion iibhetri zilahlwa kwindawo yendalo, inani elikhulu leentsimbi ezinzima kunye neekhemikhali zingena kwindalo, eziza kubangela ukungcoliseka okukhulu kwendalo.

"Enyanisweni, ibhetri yelizwe lam i-lithium-ion ibhetri ininzi ibhetri ye-lithium-ion, nangona kungekho nto ibalulekileyo yentsimbi efana ne-mercury, i-cadmium, i-lead, njl. ▲ Ingxaki yokubuyiswa kwebhetri Kulo nyaka, uMphathiswa wezoShishino kunye neTekhnoloji yoLwazi, iSebe lezoRhwebo, kunye neSebe lezeNzululwazi kunye neTekhnoloji libhengeze "Isikhokelo sokuKhawuleza uPhuhliso lweZibonelelo zokuRecycling", egxininise "ukuqhuba isithuthi samandla esitsha samandla e-lithium-ion ibhetri yokuphinda isetyenziswe, ukuseka nokuphucula ukusetyenziswa kwamandla e-lithium ions ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwebhetri ye-lithium ion inkqubo yokusetyenziswa kwebhetri, ukusetyenziswa kwebhetri.

Nangona kunjalo, ukubuyiswa kwebhetri ye-lithium-ion yangoku kuyinkimbinkimbi kunokuvelisa, ngenxa yezinga eliphantsi lokuzenzekelayo, iindleko eziphezulu zabasebenzi zenza iindleko zokuchithwa kweebhetri zenkunkuma ngaphezu kweendleko ezintsha zebhetri. Ngaphezu koko, ibhetri ye-lithium-ion efunyenweyo ayinalo ulwalathiso olufanelekileyo lwesicelo. Ukusetyenziswa kuphela kwisikhululo samandla okutshintsha kunye ne-voltage divider, kodwa ubungakanani bokusetyenziswa abuncedo kakhulu, kwaye kunzima kwiinzuzo zezoqoqosho.

Iindleko zokurisayikilishwa ziphezulu, kwaye uqoqosho oluhlwempuzekileyo luthintele uchulumanco lwenkampani yokubuyisela ibhetri. Ngokutsho owayesakuba usekela dean Chinese Academy of Engineering, inkokeli yeqela leengcaphephe National Manufacturing Innovation Centre wathi lithium-enikwe amandla lithium-ion iifektri ibhetri ye-1 million kilowatts amandla okuvelisa e-China ngeenxa 10, kunye nenkampani phantsi le mveliso amandla angafikelela Ubuncinane 4, 5 amakhulu. Izinto zebhetri ze-lithium-ion kunye nokuqulunqwa kwabavelisi abahlukeneyo bahluke, kwaye akulula ukugqiba ukubuyiswa.

▲ Shwankathela iintlobo ngeentlobo zeebhetri zasekhaya zokugcina, ibhetri inzima kwaye akukho mgangatho umiselweyo, okukhokelela kwinkqubo entsonkothileyo yokurisayikilisha, ixabiso eliphezulu lokubuyisela, inkampani ayinamdla wokuphinda isetyenziswe, kunzima ukwenza ulawulo lwemizi-mveliso, kunye nohlengahlengiso lwendlela yobugcisa, kunye nokungabikho korhulumente kunye noMgaqo-nkqubo wenkuthazo, ukuphinda kusetyenziswe ibhetri kunzima kakhulu. Okwangoku, imodeli yokusebenza yemoto yasekhaya yamandla e-lithium-ion yokubuyisela ibhetri isekho kwinqanaba lokuhlola. Ngoku kungxamisekile ukungenelela kukarhulumente.

Ekuphuhlisweni kwemigaqo-nkqubo kunye nokusekwa kweenkqubo ezisemgangathweni, khokela inkampani ukuba ihambe ngokuthe ngcembe kwindlela yokuphuhlisa impilo. Kukwayimfuneko ukuseka ishishini lemizi-mveliso, ukuseka ikhonkco lemizi-mveliso elisempilweni, ukufumana indawo yengeniso enokwenzeka ukuxhasa uphuhliso olukhawulezayo noluzinzileyo lweshishini elitsha leemoto lelizwe lam lamandla.