Kedu otu ị ga-esi nweta "mmepụta ihe n&39;ụzọ kwụ ọtọ" iji ihe mkpofu eme ihe?

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - អ្នកផ្គត់ផ្គង់ស្ថានីយ៍ថាមពលចល័ត

Mbụ anya na data, site na data ịhụ ahịa ina na nkà na ụzụ mmepe chọrọ: 1) Dị ka obodo m Automotive Industry Association, 2017 ọhụrụ ike automotive mmepụta na ahịa ruru 7.94 nde, 7.77 nde, elu 53.

8%, 53.3%, n&39;otu n&39;otu, ụgbọ ala ume ọhụrụ na-akpata 2.7% nke ngụkọta ahịa.

2) Dị ka njedebe nke 2017, ọ kwalitela ihe karịrị 1.8 nde ụgbọ ala ume ọhụrụ, na batrị nchekwa ike dị ihe dịka 86.9GWH.

Dị ka Ministry of Industry and Information Technology si kwuo, a na-atụ anya na ire ụgbọ ala ume ọhụrụ ruru nde 2, na ụgbọ ala eletrik dị ọcha ruru 56%. 3) Dị ka ike ọhụrụ ike njem ụgbọ ala lithium-ion batrị ndụ 5-6 afọ, azụmahịa ugbo ala 2-3 afọ, ọ na-atụ anya na mba m ike lithium-ion batrị imegharị ihe bụ banyere 10.7 ijeri yuan na 2020, gụnyere banyere 64 100 nde yuan, na-eji ọhụrụ eji banyere 4.

3 ijeri yuan. Isi ihe atọ a dị n&39;elu ahụla nnukwu ahịa maka imegharị na imegharị batrị lithium-ion dị ike, mana ọkwa teknụzụ na-ewepụtakwa ihe achọrọ, "Mechanical Development Action of the Automobile Power Lithium-Ion Battery Industry" bụ nke a tụrụ aro na 2020, lithium ọhụrụ The ion-powered lithium-ion batrị monomerer karịrị 300 n&39;arọ. Usoro ahụ karịrị 260Wh / kg karịa ike.

A na-ebelata ọnụ ahịa ya na 1 yuan / WH, na gburugburu ebe obibi -30 ¡ã C ruo 55 ¡ã C na-eji 2025, monomer bụ ike karịa. 500WH / n&39;arọ. Site na data dị n&39;elu, anyị nwekwara ike ịhụ mmepe nke ụgbọ ala ike ọhụrụ iji mee ka mmepe nke batrị lithium-ion ike nke lithium-ion dum, nke na-ebutekwa ahịa ahịa maka iji batrị lithium-ion dị ike.

Zhao Jindi, onye isi oche nke ụlọ ọrụ Batrị Industry Association nke mba m, kwuru na enwere ugbu a na itinye ego na-ekpo oke ọkụ, teknụzụ ndị bụ isi enweghị ihe ọhụrụ nke onwe, mmepe ngwa ngwa nke ụgbọ ala ume ọhụrụ, mmepe ọgba aghara nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, enweghị nchekwa nchekwa, ịrị elu akụrụngwa na-ebili A usoro nsogbu bara uru dị ka uru na-eri. Ndị ọkà mmụta nke Yang Yusheng chịkọtara n&39;ụzọ ziri ezi ụfọdụ nsogbu ndị dị mkpa ka a na-emeso, na-akpọ na gọọmenti na-edu, ndị ọkachamara na ndị ọzọ multipartial nchikota nsogbu, ndị dị ike nsogbu chere ihu batrị lithium-ion batrị: 1) Nkwado n&39;elu elu ihe mere ụgbọ ala eletriki Mgbakwunye, melite ọnụ ụzọ maka enyemaka, agbụ nke Gọvanọ bụ agbụ nke batrị na-edu ndú. 2) mmepụta oke, na-eduga na ọnụahịa nke batrị lithium-ion, uru dị ala, oge mmepụta; 3) Cobalt, akụrụngwa nickel, ọnụahịa dị n&39;okpuru ndị mmadụ, siri ike ịkwado ọtụtụ puku ihe nhazi ụgbọ ala eletrik; 4) Enyemaka na nko mịle, na-eme ka ọ dị mma karịa ike, na batrị ternary mejupụtara 333/523 na 622/811, nickel ọdịnaya nke ọdịnaya na-ebelata site na ọnwụ okpomọkụ, nchekwa na-agbada; 5) Ibu ụgbọ ala, ikuku ikuku ike oriri, na-ebelata ụgbọ ala ịnya ụgbọ ala, ịcha ụgwọ ego, ndụ batrị dị mkpụmkpụ, ekwesịrị ịzụta batrị nke abụọ; 6) enyemaka kwụsịrị Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ na-esiri ike ire elu. Nsogbu ndị a na-egosipụta ihe ịma aka nke mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ.

Dị ka onye mmụta Yang kwuru na nsogbu ndị a abụghị ihe a na-eme n&39;otu n&39;otu, gọọmentị, ụlọ ọrụ, mmekọrịta ọha na eze na-emekọ ihe ọnụ. A na-atụnyere teknụzụ mgbake batrị nke ụlọ na nke mba ọzọ na teknụzụ mgbake batrị, mba ọzọ ToxCo, Aeatechnology, Inmetco, SNAM, Toshiba Terume, Sumitomo Metal Mining Company nwere ike nwetaghachi batrị lithium-ion, ebe Toxco nwere ike dozie ụdị dị iche iche, ihe dị iche iche Chemical nke batrị lithium-ion; ụlọ na-amalite n&39;oge, Greenmei dị ugbu a, Bangu (nke Ningde Times nwetara) na nnukwu batrị nrụpụta nke ụlọ ọrụ atọ dị na Zhangzhou Hao Peng, na-aza 90%. N&39;ime usoro mgbake, ToxCO na-eji usoro mmiri na-ebu ụzọ kpoo ọrịa cancer na -198 ¡ã C mmiri mmiri nitrogen na -198 ¡ã C, inMETCO, na-eji usoro ọkụ na ọkụ ọkụ eletrik, na Germany na-ejikarị ọkụ ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na mmiri ọkụ.

Usoro, site na "previvorize-vacuum thermal solution - mechanical solution - onye omenkà - usoro mmiri" na-enwetaghachi usoro nhazi dị iche iche; Greenmei ụlọ, Bangu n&39;ozuzu na-eji usoro mmiri mmiri, na imegharị ọkụ. A na-eme atụmatụ na ka ọ na-erule 2020, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ga-enweta teknụzụ na-emebi emebi site na arụrụ arụ na akpaaka, kwalite nrụpụta nrụpụta, wee nweta ihe karịrị 85% nke ụdị ọla kọpa aluminom, ọnụego mgbake manganese nickel-wateng karịa 98%, yana ọnụego mgbake akụrụngwa lithium karịa 60%. , Na mebie site graphite recycling na akụrụngwa itinye n&39;ọrụ teknụzụ.

Ọ dịghị otu n&39;ime ụlọ ọrụ anọ ahụ edepụtara na tebụl, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ agụnyeghị nnukwu recycling Li, Li Recycling Research n&39;oge ọ bụ nwata, enweghị usoro decomposition, ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe; Ni na CO usoro mgbake acid-base na mbenata ndị nnọchite oriri; Enwere obere nyocha maka nrụzi ihe. Nchọpụta na mmepe nke kọleji na mahadum na-akwado teknụzụ na-enyegharị ihe. Ndị ọkà mmụta nke Yang Yusheng mere ka ọ pụta ìhè na nchekwa bụ isi okwu nke iji ubube eme ihe: 1) Tụlee nsogbu iji ihe eji eme ihe na batrị batrị - nhazi, na-eji nnukwu data iji guzobe njikwa traceable Usoro, na-egosi na ihe electrode dị mfe nhazi; Ojiji dị elu, mana ọ nweghị uru mgbe ị na-emegharị.

Na teknụzụ recycling technology nke Positive Code Materials, Prọfesọ Wang Dabui, Lanzhou University, mma omenala mgbochi mmiri metallurgy, na-eji "obere okpomọkụ a ṅara n&39;ọkụ - mmiri etisasịwo - re-n&39;ichepụta" obere usoro technology ime ka mmiri usoro ụzọ, mbenata ike oriri, sulfuric acid belata doseji, agaghịkwa eji acid pollu50, na-ebelata ọnụ ahịa nke 0500 acid. ton. The lithium mmewere na nti electrode ihe na-n&39;ozuzu natara na mbụ nzọụkwụ alkaline gburugburu ebe obibi, ihe ngwọta akụrụngwa bụ mgbagwoju, na nnọchi siri ike, otú mgbake arụmọrụ nke lithium bụ mgbe ala karịa nickel-cobalt manganese, Sun Wei-eme nchọpụta nke Chinese Academy nke Sciences na-ebelata site organic carbon. Onye nnọchi anya, bibiri ihe owuwu kristal dị mma, na-akwalite ihe lithium imeghe, nweta mmịpụta nhọrọ, ọnụego mmịpụta nke lithium, ọnụego mmịpụta> 95%.

The electrolyte bụ obere na batrị, ma na gburugburu ebe obibi bụ ndị kasị ibu, na Harbin-nwere Dai Changsong prọfesọ rụtụrụ aka na e nwere organic ihe mgbaze PC na DEC evaporation n&39;oge electrolyte, na HF, organophosphate (OPS), alkyl otu Nsogbu nke na-egbu egbu na-emerụ ogige dị ka fluoroplastics, Dai Prọfesọ, tụnyere uru na ohere ngwọta nke organic ngwọta extracrit usoro. Usoro mmịpụta CO2, na-eji ihe dị elu CO2 wepụ, tinye methanol, ethanol, wdg. n&39;ime sistemu, wdg. "nwere ike ịbawanye arụmọrụ mmịpụta nke polar solute nke ukwuu.

Na usoro mgbake, anụ ụlọ n&39;ozuzu ojiji nke akọrọ na mmiri usoro, Prọfesọ Tamari, nke Northern Engineering, ẹkenam ọkara-arụsi ọrụ ike dismantling mgbake usoro, site "dismantling-roasting-rupture-vibrating ihuenyo (nke ọma na-adịghị mma)" iji nweta ihe mgbake, N&39;ime usoro, usoro acidic leaching "agwakọta-precipitate" usoro e nwetara site na FE, MN na-enweta na electro, metal Cupposition, metal na-eji na-enweta na electro, metal usoro. mgbake, CO mgbake na mbụ na oxalic acid, mgbe ahụ, nrụzi nhazi ahụ nwere ike nweta arụmọrụ iji tụnyere ya. Nhazigharị ngwaahịa nke ngwaahịa ịnweta; ọnụọgụ nke nickel-manganese dị ka nickel-wateng manganese na Trieager erutela 99%, a na-enwetakwa precursor site na leaching nickel-cobalt positive electrode material acid iji nweta precursor, wee calcined. Nmeghachi ihe dị mma.

Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ enyochala ihe ngwọta nke imegharị ihe, a na-ejikwa ụzọ maka mmepe mmepụta ihe na ọkwa batrị. Ụfọdụ ụlọ ọrụ na-achọ ụzọ mmepe nwere ọgụgụ isi, melite arụmọrụ, belata ọnụ ahịa ma hụ na nchekwa site na ọgụgụ isi. Zhongtianhong lithium na-eji ụdị mgbazinye mgbazinye n&39;ime batrị lithium-ion siri ike, uru ojiji nke ndị na-ere ahịa nke batrị lithium ion n&39;efu bụ 70%, uru nke ihe eji emeghari ihe ruru 30%, na uru nke mmeghari na-agbakọba na batrị ternary.

Nrụgharị batrị lithium-ion dị ala; ogo nke dismantling nke ike lithium ion batrị siri ike kwekọrọ na components, ihe, ịgbado ọkụ usoro, eletriki cell ụdị, hydraulic art, modul usoro, chassis owuwu, wdg, Ọdịdị, mejupụtara, usoro Ihe mgbagwoju anya, ukwuu na ihe isi ike nke dismantling, ibu mmebi nke batrị; Zhongtianhong lithium na-eji ahịrị mkposa akpaghị aka iji nweta ọgụgụ isi na-emebi emebi, na-emewanyewanye arụmọrụ nbibi. Shenzhen Thai guzobekwara ahịrị mgbasa nwere ọgụgụ isi, na-enweta ụgbọ ala ume ọhụrụ 50,000 a kpochapụrụ, tọn batrị 30,000 lara ezumike nká, na tọn 40,000 nke batrị larala ezumike nká, na-ekewa 15,000 tọn batrị scrap.

Shenzhen Xionghao na-ewebata nnukwu teknụzụ data, iji ngwaahịa, ọnụ ahịa, yinye ụlọ ọrụ, ahịa nwere ike. akụrụngwa cobalt nke obodo m enweghị, ọ dịkwa mkpa ibubata site na Congo na mba ndị ọzọ, na cobalt na-arụ ọrụ na-ekesa ma na-ebuwanye ibu nke ihe ahụ n&39;ihe gbasara ihe ndị nwere akụkụ atọ na iji ihe nkwụsi ike. Industrylọ ọrụ Huayou Cobalt dị ka onye na-ebubata akụrụngwa cobalt, ahịrị nhazi ya sitere na mmepe nke ọgụgụ isi, o guzobela ụlọ ọrụ mara mma.

Usoro mmiri mmiri ọdịnala nwere ọnụego mgbake dị ala (yuan atọ <50%, iron lithium <30%), environmental pollution (incineration or buried, acid-base dip), can not pass the first, second-line city environmental assessment, long distance transportation cost, phosphoric acid Lithium lithium, lithium manganate is not high, economic efficiency is different, etc. In order to deal with the drawback of traditional wet process, Beijing Saidmy adopts precision dismantling + material repair technology, not only recovering the ternary battery, but also solve a variety of batteries such as lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganate, and lithium titanate, and has good recycling Economic; Saidmy's recycling technology achieves full turn, automatic, pure physiological dismantling, no harmful gas, realizing the full component recycling of lithium electrical materials; you can use the most stringent environmental assessment, convenient construction plant, reduce solution costs and Environmental cost. In addition, some companies have considered their own actual considerations, and propose the health index assessment of retired battery screening tests, in the design and processing of dynamic lithium-ion batteries, disassemble, packaging transportation, storage, residual testing, dismantling, step utilization, and regeneration.

Zụlite sistemu ọkọlọtọ dabara na ya, kọwapụta ụlọ ọrụ nhazi batrị, ụlọ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ ụgbọ ala, ụlọ ọrụ na-emebi ụgbọ ala emebi emebi, ojiji ndị na-ere ahịa na mmeghari ohuru nke ụlọ ọrụ dị oke mkpa. A na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ kwalite amụma ụlọ ọrụ. Maka imegharị ihe, ọ bụ ajụjụ ndị a: 1) Enwere ajụjụ ndị a: 1) Iwu na ụkpụrụ pụrụ iche enweghị sistemu nchekwa batrị; 2) A naghị eguzobe sistemu eji emegharị batrị nke ọma; 3) ụkpụrụ iwu kwesịrị ka emewanyewanyewanye ya; 4) Obere nkwado maka teknụzụ nrụpụta batrị batrị na nyocha akụrụngwa; 5) Companylọ ọrụ ndozigharị ụgbọ ala a kpochapụrụ ngwa ngwa ka emelite ya; 6) enweghị nduzi na ụkpụrụ iji kwụpụ itinye n&39;ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ.

Ọnụ nke recycling nke n&39;efu batrị lithium-ion batrị na-agụnye njem, nkwakọ ngwaahịa, nkwakọba ihe, nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi, dismantling, nchọpụta, mgbe-ahịa na-eri, nke kwesịrị na-eso nke mba batrị mgbakọ ụgbọ njem ụkpụrụ na ọkọlọtọ chọrọ, agbaze na-eso mba regeneration metal ụkpụrụ na ndị na-abụghị ferrous ọla Smelting ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa ụkpụrụ nhazi ụkpụrụ na ndị ọzọ metụtara gburugburu ebe obibi chọrọ, imebi ọbụbụenyi na gburugburu ebe obibi chọrọ. N&39;ime amụma nrụgharịgharị nke batrị lithium-ion siri ike, Ministri nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na teknụzụ ozi mara ọkwa "Nkwanye nwa oge na njikwa nke New Energy Automobile Power Battery Recycling and Utilization". Nnweta, mmejuputa nleba anya nke isiokwu nke isi okwu.

Nhazi batrị, ụlọ ọrụ na-eji ubube ga-, dị ka "Ọrịbama na Open Automobile Power Battery Coding Record System" (akwụkwọ ozi ọhaneze [2018] Mba. 73), ndị na-emepụta koodu ngwa na iwu nzuzo maka ntinye akwụkwọ, batrị nchekwa ike ma ọ bụ nhazi ọkwa nke ụlọ ọrụ njirimara koodu ngwaahịa batrị. Ihe dị n&39;elu achịkọtala nsogbu na ọgwụgwọ nke nsogbu ahụ na nsogbu nke nsogbu nke mgbake batrị lithium-ion na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ na okirikiri, isi okwu nke nzọụkwụ ma ọ bụ iji nwetaghachi bụ nkà na ụzụ, nchebe gburugburu ebe obibi na nsogbu ego.

Iji weghara ahịa ahụ, nkwụsị ụkwụ ka dị na nkà na ụzụ bụ isi, ọkọlọtọ, gbajie isi okwu ndị dị ka atumatu, nwere ike ịhụ, ọchịchị, elu, ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ, imekọ ihe ọnụ, na-dị omimi nhazi nke ụlọ ọrụ a. Iji merie nsogbu ndị a, anyị ga-anọgide na-amụ nyocha dị omimi na indus.