Pehea ʻoe e hoʻokō ai i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻoikaika kino?

著者：Iflowpower – Mofani oa Seteishene sa Motlakase se nkehang

E nānā mua i ka ʻikepili, e ka ʻikepili e ʻike i ka noi mākeke a me nā koi hoʻomohala ʻenehana: 1) Wahi a koʻu ʻāina ʻo Automotive Industry Association, 2017 hou ka ikehu automotive hana a me ke kūʻai aku i 7.94 miliona, 7.77 miliona, a 53.

8%, 53.3%, i kēlā me kēia, ʻO nā kaʻa ikehu hou he 2.7% o ka huina kūʻai.

2) E like me ka hopena o 2017, ua hoʻolaha ʻo ia ma mua o 1.8 miliona mau kaʻa ikehu hou, a ʻo ka pākaukau mālama mana ma kahi o 86.9GWH.

Wahi a ka Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, ua manaʻo ʻia e hiki ke kūʻai aku i nā kaʻa ikehu hou i 2 miliona, a ʻo nā kaʻa uila maʻemaʻe he 56%. 3) E like me ka ikehu hou kaʻa kaʻa lithium-ion ola pākaukau 5-6 makahiki, nā kaʻa kalepa 2-3 makahiki, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka mana o koʻu ʻāina ʻo lithium-ion recycling ma kahi o 10.7 biliona yuan i 2020, me kahi o 64 100 miliona yuan, ka hoʻohana hou ʻana ma kahi o 4.

3 biliona yuan. Ua ʻike nā mea ʻekolu ma luna nei i ka mākeke nui no ka hana hou ʻana a me ka hana hou ʻana o nā pā lithium-ion ikaika, akā ke kau nei ka pae ʻenehana i nā koi, "ʻo ka" Mechanical Development Action of the Automobile Power Lithium-Ion Battery Industry "i manaʻo ʻia i 2020, lithium hou ʻO ka monomer pākahi lithium-ion i mana ʻia ma mua o 300Wh / kg ma mua o ka ikehu. ʻOi aku ka ʻōnaehana ma mua o 260Wh / kg ma mua o ka ikehu.

Hoʻemi ʻia ke kumukūʻai i 1 yuan / WH, a hoʻohana ʻia ke kaiapuni -30 ¡ã C a 55 ¡ã C i 2025, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka monomer. 500WH / kg. Ma o ka ʻikepili i luna aʻe, hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā kaʻa ikehu hou e hoʻokele i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka lithium-ion power lithium-ion a pau, e lawe pū ana i ka noi mākeke no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pākaukau lithium-ion dynamic.

Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Zhao Jindi, ka luna o koʻu ʻāina ʻo Battery Industry Association, aia i kēia manawa i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hoʻopukapuka kālā, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i nā ʻenehana koʻikoʻi ke kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa, ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻana o nā kaʻa ikehu hou, ka ulu ʻana o ke kaulahao ʻoihana, ʻaʻole palekana ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke alapiʻi. Ua hōʻuluʻulu pololei nā mea hoʻonaʻauao o Yang Yusheng i kekahi mau pilikia e pono ai ke hoʻoponopono ʻia, a kāhea aku i ke aupuni e alakaʻi, nā loea a me nā pilikia hoʻohui hui like ʻole, nā pilikia ikaika e kū nei i ka mana lithium-ion: 1) ʻO ke kālā ma luna o ke kumu nui o ka hui kaʻa uila Hoʻohui, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paepae no ke kālā, ʻo ke kaulahao o ke kiaʻāina ke kaulahao a me nā ʻoihana pākaukau, ʻo ia ke kaulahao o ke alakaʻi. 2) ʻO ka hana nui, e alakaʻi ana i ke kumukūʻai o ka pā lithium-ion, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, hana manawa; 3) ʻO Cobalt, nā kumu waiwai nickel, pili ke kumu kūʻai i nā kānaka, paʻakikī ke kākoʻo i nā tausani o nā koi hana kaʻa uila; 4) Subsidies a me ka mileage makau, e hana ia i oi aku mamua o ka ikehu, a me ka ternary pākaukau o 333/523 a hiki i 622/811, nickel Ua ho&39;ēmi &39;ia ka maʻiʻo o ka maʻiʻo e ka wela poho, ka palekana ua hoʻohaʻahaʻa; 5) ʻO ke kaumaha o ke kaʻa, ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu ea, ka hoʻopōkole ʻana i ka mile kaʻa, ka uku ʻana i ka uku pila, ʻoi aku ka pōkole o ke ola pākaukau, pono ke kūʻai ʻia ka lua; 6) ho&39;ōki ʻia ke kālā Ma hope o kēlā, paʻakikī ke kūʻai aku kiʻekiʻe. Hōʻike kēia mau pilikia i nā pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻoihana.

E like me ka ʻōlelo a ka mea hoʻonaʻauao ʻo Yang, ʻaʻole kēia pilikia i ka mana hoʻokahi, ʻo ke aupuni, ka hui, ka hui like ʻana o ka lehulehu. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka ʻenehana hoʻihoʻi ʻana o ka pākaukau kūloko a me nā ʻāina ʻē i ka ʻenehana hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka pila, haole ToxCo, Aeatechnology, Inmetco, SNAM, Toshiba Terume, Sumitomo Metal Mining Company hiki ke hoʻihoʻi i nā pā lithium-ion, kahi e hiki ai iā Toxco ke hoʻoponopono i nā hiʻohiʻona like ʻole, ʻokoʻa nā waiwai Chemical o nā pā lithium-ion; ʻO ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka home, ʻo Greenmei i kēia manawa, Bangu (i loaʻa iā Ningde Times) a me ka pākaukau hoʻoheheʻe nui o nā hui ʻekolu ma Zhangzhou Hao Peng, he 90%. Ma ke kaʻina hana hoʻihoʻi, hoʻohana ka ToxCO i kahi kaʻina pulu e hoʻoheheʻe mua i ka maʻi kanesa ma -198 ¡ã C naikokene wai i -198 ¡ã C, inMETCO, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kaʻina ahi i loko o ka umu ahi arc, a hoʻohana maʻamau ʻo Kelemania i ke ahi ʻole a me ka hui pulu o ke ahi.

Ke kaʻina hana, ma o ka "previvorize-vacuum thermal solution - mechanical solution - the craftsman - Wet method" loaʻa ke kaʻina hana ma nā wahi like ʻole; Hoʻohana maʻamau ʻo Greenmei home, Bangu i ka hana pulu, a me ke ahi Recycling. Ua manaʻo ʻia e 2020, e hoʻokō ka ʻoihana i ka ʻenehana wehe ʻana ma o ka hana ʻana i ka automation, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka pono, a loaʻa ma mua o 85% o ka hoʻokaʻawale keleawe keleawe, nickel-wateng manganese recovery rate ʻoi aku ma mua o 98%. , A uhaki i ka hana hou graphite a me ka ʻenehana hoʻohana waiwai.

ʻAʻohe o nā hui ʻehā i helu ʻia ma ka papaʻaina, ʻaʻole i komo ka hui nui i ka recycling Li, Li Recycling Research i ka wā kamaliʻi, nele i ka decomposition mechanical, nā hihia ʻoihana; Ni a me CO kaʻina hoʻihoʻi acid-base a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka ʻai meaʻai; He emi ka noiʻi e pili ana i ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i nā mea. Kākoʻo ʻia ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā koleke a me nā kulanui e ka ʻenehana lako hana hou. Ua kuhikuhi nā mea hoʻonaʻauao o Yang Yusheng i ka palekana ke kumu nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke alapiʻi: 1) E noʻonoʻo i ka pilikia o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke alapiʻi i ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka pā uila - ka hana ʻana, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻikepili nui e hoʻokumu i kahi hoʻokele traceable ʻO ka ʻōnaehana, e hōʻike ana he maʻalahi nā mea electrode e hoʻonohonoho; Hoʻohana kiʻekiʻe, akā ʻaʻohe waiwai i ka wā e hana hou ai.

I ka oaoieei recycling &39;enehana o Positive Code Materials, Professor Wang Dabui, Lanzhou University, hoʻomaikaʻi kuʻuna pulu metallurgy, me ka hoʻohana &39;ana i ka "haʻahaʻa wela ohe - wai hoʻoheheʻe - hana hou" pōkole kaʻina &39;enehana e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka pulu kaʻina ala, hoemi ikehu, sulfuric waikawa Ho&39;ēmi dosage,ʻaʻole hoʻohana hou H2O2, ho&39;ēmi i ka waika pollution50 / yuan. Hoʻihoʻi hou ʻia ka mea lithium i ka mea electrode maikaʻi i ka pae mua o ka alkaline, paʻakikī ka mea hoʻonā, a paʻakikī ke pani ʻana, no laila ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o ka lithium ma mua o ka nickel-cobalt manganese, ua hoʻemi ʻia ka mea noiʻi ʻo Sun Wei o ka Chinese Academy of Science e ka carbon organik. ʻO ka mea hana, e hoʻopau i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ke aniani electrode maikaʻi, e hoʻolaha ana i nā mea lithium e wehe, e hoʻokō i ka unuhi koho, ka nui o ka lawe ʻana o ka lithium, ka nui o ka unuhi> 95%.

ʻO ka electrolyte ka mea liʻiliʻi i loko o ka pākaukau, akā ʻo ke kaiapuni ka mea nui loa, a ʻo ke kumu aʻo ʻo Dai Changsong ʻo Harbin i kuhikuhi ʻia aia kahi PC solvent PC a me DEC evaporation i ka wā o ka electrolyte, a me HF, organophosphate (OPS), hui alkyl ʻO ka pilikia o nā mea ʻawaʻawa a me nā mea ʻino e like me fluoroplastics, Dai Professor, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā pono o ka hoʻonā ʻana o ka wai a me ka hoʻonā ʻana o ka wai. ʻO ke ʻano hoʻoheheʻe CO2, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka supercritical CO2 extract, hoʻohui i ka methanol, ethanol, etc. ma ka ʻōnaehana, etc. "Hiki i ka hoʻonui nui ʻana i ka pono o ka unuhi ʻana o ka polar solute.

Ma ke kaʻina hana, ka home maʻamau hoʻohana o ka maloʻo a me ka pulu &39;ano, Professor Tamari, ka mea akau &39;enekinia, hoʻolauna semi-ʻeleu dismantling ho&39;ōla kaʻina hana, ma o "dismantling-roasting-rupture-vibrating pale (maikaʻi a me ka maikaʻiʻole)" e hoʻokō i mea hoʻihoʻi, I ke kaʻina hana, ua loaʻa ka acidic leaching "mixed-precipitate" kiʻina mai FE a me ka MN, keʻano o ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka electropposition, Cu. hoʻihoʻi hou, CO hoʻihoʻi mua me ka oxalic acid, a laila hiki i ka hoʻoponopono hoʻoponopono ke loaʻa ka hana e hoʻohālikelike ʻia. Hoʻoponopono hou i nā huahana o nā huahana mineral; ka leaching rate o nickel-manganese e like me nickel-wateng manganese i loko o ka Trieager ua hiki i 99%, a me ka precursor ua loaa ma leaching i ka nickel-cobalt pono electrode meaʻakika e loaʻa i ka precursor, a laila calcined. Hoʻoulu hou ʻana i nā mea maikaʻi.

Ua ʻimi ka hui i ka hoʻonā hana hou, a ua hoʻohana ʻia ke ala i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻoihana i ke alapiʻi pākaukau. Ke manaʻo nei kekahi mau ʻoihana i ke alakaʻi hoʻomohala akamai, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pono, hoʻemi i ke kumukūʻai a hōʻoia i ka palekana ma o ka naʻauao. ʻO Zhongtianhong lithium i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona kūʻai hoʻolimalima i ka pae pākaukau lithium-ion ikaika, ʻo ka waiwai o ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka mea kūʻai aku o ka ʻōpala lithium ion ʻo 70%, a ʻo ka waiwai o ka hoʻohana hou ʻana he 30%, a ʻo ka waiwai o ka hoʻoulu hou ʻana i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i nā ʻāpana ternary.

He haʻahaʻa ka hana hou ʻana o ka pākaukau Lithium-ion; ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wehe ʻana o ka pākaukau lithium ion he paʻakikī ke kūlike me nā ʻāpana, nā mea, nā kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe, nā ʻano kelepona uila, hydraulic art, module series, chassis structures, etc., structures, composition, process. Hoʻohana ʻo Zhongtianhong lithium i ka laina hoʻokaʻawale automated e hoʻokō i ka naʻauao wehe, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻopau ʻana. Ua hoʻokumu pū ʻo Shenzhen Thai i nā laina hoʻokaʻawale naʻauao, e loaʻa ana he 50,000 mau kaʻa ikehu hou i ʻoki ʻia, 30,000 tons o nā ʻōhua i hoʻomaha ʻia, a me 40,000 tons o nā ʻōhua i hoʻomaha ʻia, e hoʻokaʻawale ana i 15,000 tons o nā ʻōpala.

Hoʻokomo ʻo Shenzhen Xionghao i ka ʻenehana data nui, hoʻohana i ka huahana, ke kumukūʻai, ke kaulahao ʻoihana, ka mākeke hiki. Ua nele koʻu ʻāina i nā kumuwaiwai cobalt, a he mea pono e lawe mai mai Kongo a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe, a ke pāʻani nei ka cobalt i ka hana circulating a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka mea ma ke ʻano o nā mea ʻekolu lālā a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea stabilizing. ʻO ka ʻoihana Huayou Cobalt ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻolako i ka cobalt raw material, kāna laina hana i hoʻomohala ʻia mai ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka naʻauao, ua hoʻokumu ʻo ia i kahi hale hana akamai.

ʻO ke kaʻina hana pulu maʻamau he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (ʻekolu yuan <50%, iron lithium <30%), environmental pollution (incineration or buried, acid-base dip), can not pass the first, second-line city environmental assessment, long distance transportation cost, phosphoric acid Lithium lithium, lithium manganate is not high, economic efficiency is different, etc. In order to deal with the drawback of traditional wet process, Beijing Saidmy adopts precision dismantling + material repair technology, not only recovering the ternary battery, but also solve a variety of batteries such as lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganate, and lithium titanate, and has good recycling Economic; Saidmy's recycling technology achieves full turn, automatic, pure physiological dismantling, no harmful gas, realizing the full component recycling of lithium electrical materials; you can use the most stringent environmental assessment, convenient construction plant, reduce solution costs and Environmental cost. In addition, some companies have considered their own actual considerations, and propose the health index assessment of retired battery screening tests, in the design and processing of dynamic lithium-ion batteries, disassemble, packaging transportation, storage, residual testing, dismantling, step utilization, and regeneration.

E hoʻomohala i nā ʻōnaehana maʻamau, hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā ʻoihana hoʻoili pākaukau, nā ʻoihana kaʻa kaʻa, nā ʻoihana hoʻokaʻawale kaʻa kaʻa, ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea kālepa a me nā hana koʻikoʻi o ka ʻoihana hoʻohana hou. Hoʻomaikaʻi mālie ʻia ke kulekele ʻoihana. No ka hana hou ʻana, ʻo ia nā nīnau penei: 1) Aia nā nīnau penei: 1) Nā kānāwai kūikawā a me nā hoʻoponopono ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka ʻōnaehana hoʻopaʻa uila; 2) ʻAʻole i hoʻokumu maikaʻi ʻia ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka mana ʻōpala; 3) Pono e hoʻomaikaʻi hou ʻia nā kūlana kulekele; 4) Kākoʻo liʻiliʻi no ka ʻenehana hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka ʻenehana hoʻopaʻa mana a me ka noiʻi lako; 5) E hoʻomaikaʻi koke ʻia ka ʻoihana hoʻonaninani kaʻa i hoʻopau ʻia; 6) nele i ke alakaʻi a me nā loina e hoʻokō i nā ʻoihana hoʻohana.

ʻO ke kumukūʻai o ka hana hou ʻana i nā ʻōpala lithium-ion ikaika e pili ana i ka lawe ʻana, ka hoʻopili ʻana, ka hale kūʻai, ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni, ka wehe ʻana, ka ʻike ʻana, ke kumu kūʻai ma hope o ke kūʻai ʻana, pono e hahai i nā lula o ka lawe ʻana i nā pā uila a me nā koi maʻamau, ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana e hahai i nā kūlana metala regeneration aupuni a me nā metala non-ferrous. Ma ke kulekele recycling o ka dynamic lithium-ion battery, ua hoʻolaha ka Ministry of Industry and Information Technology i ka "Interim Provisions on the Management of New Energy Automobile Power Battery Recycling and Utilization". Loaʻa, hoʻokō i ka nānā ʻana i ke kumuhana o nā kumuhana.

ʻO ka hana ʻana i ka pākaukau, ʻoihana hoʻohana alapiʻi, e like me ka "Notice on Open Automobile Power Battery Coding Record System" (medium mechanical letter [2018] No. 73), nā mea hana code code a me nā lula coding no ka waiho ʻana, ka mana mālama ʻana a i ʻole ka hana ʻana i ke alapiʻi o ka hui ʻo Battery products Code identification. Ua hōʻuluʻulu ka mea i luna i ka pilikia a me ka mālama ʻana i ka pilikia a me ka pilikia o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka pākaukau lithium-ion a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pōʻai, ʻo nā kumu nui o nā ʻanuʻu a i ʻole ka hoʻohana hou ʻana ʻo ia ka ʻenehana, ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni a me nā pilikia kumukūʻai.

No ka hopu &39;ana i ka makeke, ka foothold i loko o ka &39;ike loea kumu, maʻamau, E uhaki i nā pilikia nui e like me nā kulekele, hiki ke &39;ike, aupuni, upstream, hui &39;oihana, hui, i ka hohonu hoʻolālā o kēia &39;oihana. No ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i kēia mau pilikia, pono mākou e hoʻomau i ka noiʻi hohonu i ka indus.