Yini imbangela yokuphila okufushane kwempilo yebhethri le-lead-acid?

ليکڪ: آئي فلو پاور - Nešiojamų elektrinių tiekėjas

Nakuba ibhethri elineasidi yomthofu linokuthuthukiswa okukhulu ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo nasekusetshenzisweni kwezinto ezingavuthiwe, ukusebenza kunokuthuthuka okukhulu, amashaji amaningi antantayo ebhethri le-asidi enomthofu angenakulungiswa angenamsebenzi angu-15 ~ Ngaphezu kweminyaka engu-20, kodwa ibhethri elingafinyelela impilo enjalo cishe lincane. 1) Idizayini yemishini yokushaja ayiphelele, akulula ukuyisebenzisa. I-2) Uma ibhethri likhishwa, ngeke lifakwe ngesikhathi, ikakhulukazi ukukhishwa ngokweqile ukuze kubangele ukulimala okubulalayo.

I-3) Ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo yabakhiqizi abambalwa impofu, futhi igcwele izikhathi. Ubuchwepheshe bokushaja ibhethri budinga ukuthi abakhiqizi baqinisekise ukuthi izinkomba zobuchwepheshe zempilo yesevisi zinikezwa ezingeni lokushisa elizungezile elingu-25 ¡ã C. Njengoba amandla kagesi ebhethri le-lead-acid ene-monomer enezinga lokushisa elehle cishe ngo-4 mV ngokukhuphuka ngakunye ku-1 ¡ã C, ibhethri elingu-12V elihlanganisa amabhethri e-monomer ayisithupha, amandla kagesi antantayo angu-25 ¡ã C ngu-13.

5V; lapho izinga lokushisa le-ambient lehliswa libe ngu-0 Ku-¡ã C, ishaji elintantayo kufanele libe ngu-14.1V; lapho izinga lokushisa lendawo likhuphuka lifike ku-40 ¡ã C, ishaja entantayo kufanele ibe ngu-13.14V.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ibhethri le-lead-acid linesici sokuthi lapho izinga lokushisa le-ambient lingashintshi, i-voltage yokushaja iphezulu engu-100mV, futhi amandla okushaja azokhuphuka izikhathi eziningana, ngakho-ke ukuphuma kokushisa kwebhethri kuzoholela ekulahlekeni kokushisa kwebhethri kanye nokulimala kwe-overcharge. Uma i-voltage yokushaja ingu-100mV ne-voltage ephansi, izobangela ibhethri ukuthi ishaje ibhethri, bese ibhethri lilimele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthamo webhethri le-asidi eholayo nawo uhlobene nezinga lokushisa, cishe elingu-1 ¡ã C, elizokwehla ngo-1 ¡ã C, futhi umkhiqizi udinga ukuthi umenzi akhiphe kusukela ku-50% womthamo olinganiselwe ebhethrini lasehlobo, ngemva kokuthi ubusika bukhiphe u-25%.

Kufanele ikhokhiswe ngesikhathi. Ngokusobala, ibhethri elineasidi eholayo elisetshenziswa nsuku zonke alinakwenzeka endaweni engu-12 ¡ã C isikhathi eside, futhi kunomehluko wezinga lokushisa phakathi nosuku, futhi ingasaphathwa entwasahlobo, ehlobo, ekwindla, nasebusika. Umehluko wezinga lokushisa, ngakho-ke kukhona okwamanje ukulungiswa okuhlukahlukene kwe-thyristor, ukulungiswa kwempunzi ye-transformer, kanye nokushintsha okuvamile okulawulwayo kokuphakelwa kwamandla ohlobo lweshaja yebhethri le-lead-acid, okuyishaja yebhethri ye-lead-acid engashintshi noma uhlobo lwamanje olungaguquki.

Izidingo zobuchwepheshe eziqinile ezingakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezindleko zebhethri le-lead-acid. Kuzo zonke lezi zindlela zokushaja amabhethri aneasidi yomthofu, kanye namashaja ebhethri aneasidi yomthofu athuthukiswe ngokwalezi zindlela, akunzima ukubona ukuthi ubuchwepheshe abuphelele, futhi ibhethri le-asidi yomthofu ishajwa ngale mikhiqizo. Ithinta impilo yebhethri le-lead-acid, kuyilapho la mashaja enezinkinga nge-voltage encane yokusebenza, umthamo omkhulu, ukusebenza kahle okuphansi, isici sokuphepha.

Ishaja yebhalansi yemvelo ingeyokuvama kokushajwa kwebhethri le-lead-acid engenhla, i-Changsha Yuxi Electronics Co., Ltd. inocwaningo lwesikhathi eside lweshaja yebhethri eneasidi yomthofu isikhathi eside, enezindlela zayo ezihlukile kanye nomklamo okhaliphile wokukhiqiza ukushaja okusha.

Imikhiqizo yochungechunge, ixazulula izinkinga zobuchwepheshe eziyinkimbinkimbi kumabhethri e-lead-acid, efakazelwe iminyaka eminingi yokuhlolwa, yandisa kakhulu impilo yamabhethri e-lead-acid. (Lobu buchwepheshe busetshenziswe kulungelo lobunikazi) indlela yebhalansi yemvelo yokushajwa kwebhethri? Kukhona izinto ezimbili zikagesi i-EA, EB. Uma umthombo wamandla u-EA usezingeni lokushisa elifanayo le-ambient, i-electrode ephozithivu kanye ne-electrode ephozithivu kuxhunyiwe, i-electrode eyinegethivu ixhunywe ku-electrode eyinegethivu, Phakathi kwazo, kunobudlelwano ukuthi kunobudlelwano.

Uma i-EA ingaphezulu, i-EB izohlinzeka nge-EA-EB ku-EB =δU-E we-voltage, ngekeδUsayizi we-E, nika eyodwaδi yamanje ku-EB yokugeleza kwamandla kanye namakha, lapho i-EB idonsa ukunikezwa kwe-EAδI yamanje, ukuze i-EB ikhuphuke iye ku-EB (ebhethri, i-voltage yokuphela kwebhethri iyanda kanye nenani lenani lesitoreji sokushaja), umthombo wamandla we-EA uzomisa ukunikezwa kwamanje kumandla kagesi EB, okuyi-EA = EB,δE = 0,δngi =0. Encazelweni engenhla, sishintsha u-EB ozoshajwa, obalwa kuvoltheji ehambisana nebhethri ekujuleni okuhlukene kokukhipha kanye namazinga okushisa asendaweni. I-EA yakhelwe ngokucophelela kumazinga okushisa ahlukene, futhi amandla okunikezwa kwamandla kagesi okukhiphayo kanye namanje kungalungiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokuya ngebhalansi yokushaja ibhethri.

Endabeni ye-idealization ngokugcwele, amandla e-EA angashaja ibhethri ngokuya ngebhethri, futhi ibhethri lingashajwa ngokwebhethri, futhi ibhethri lishajwe ngokugcwele.δE = 0,δi = 0, amandla e-EA ngeke esadla amandla. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, i-EA ishintsha kuphela ngezinga lokushisa elizungezile, kanye nesinxephezelo sebhalansi yokulandelela ukunikezwa kwebhethri eshajayo, ngoba yonke inqubo yokushaja ibhethri izenzakalelayo ngokuphelele, ngakho sikubiza ngokuthi uMthetho webhalansi yemvelo.

Le ndlela yenziwe kahle ngokuphelele: ibhethri lihlukile ngemva kokushajwa kwebhethri, futhi umehluko we-voltage phakathi kwe-EA nebhethri yokushaja i-EB uhlukile.δE = 0, imveloδi = 0, njengoba i-EA ingenayo ibhethri yokuhlinzeka amandla (EB), i-electrolyte yebhethri ayikwazi ukubilisa, futhi akunakwenzeka ukubola amanzi ku-electrolyte ebhethri, okungenakwenzeka kakhulu ukwandisa ukucindezela kanye nezinga lokushisa ebhethri, okuvela Izingozi Zokuphepha. Ngakho-ke, indlela inikezwa ibhethri engavumeli ibhethri ukuthi ishaje ngokweqile, futhi ngeke yenze ukushajwa kwebhethri, kodwa kube lula kakhulu, kuphephe, kuthembeke kakhulu.

Kusukela ekuhlaziyweni okungenhla, akunzima ukubona ukuthi le ndlela ifaneleka ngokukhethekile ukunganakeki nokugcinwa kancane kwebhethri le-asidi yomthofu, engakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nokugcinwa kwansuku zonke kwebhethri ukuze liphume izikhawu, okusiza ekuthuthukiseni ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke kwebhethri. Ukuthembeka, thuthukisa impilo yesevisi yebhethri. Okwesibili, ukuhlaziya ngokombono wezinto ezibonakalayo.

Kusukela manje, i-Toyota kuphela ithole into eqinile, ehluke ngokuphelele ku-ferrite esetshenziswa ebhethri ye-lithium ion, enganciphisa ibhethri yebhethri ye-lithium-ion, engancishiswa ngo-70. % Ukushisa. Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe ukudla kuningi kangaka, iToyota ayikwazi ukusho ukuthi alusekho uhlelo lokupholisa amabhethri.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphezu kwalokhu okuqinile, akukho lwazi oluye lwafakazelwa ukuthi lunezinto ezingewona umkhuhlane ukuqedela ukushaja nokukhipha. Ngakho-ke ukusuka kule engeli, ngiyesaba ukuthi futhi kunzima ukufeza ukupholisa kwebhethri.