I-BYD ikuqinisekisa kanjani ukuphepha kwebhethri le-lithium-ion eliguqukayo?

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Enyangeni yakamuva, izingozi ezintsha zokuphepha kwezimoto zivame kakhulu. Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelele, kuphela inani lezimoto zikagesi ezenzeka ezinyangeni ezimbili zalo nyaka, inani eliphelele lezingozi zomlilo ngo-2017 kulo lonke i-2017. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi eziningi zalezi zimoto zikagesi zisengozini yomlilo, maningi amabhethri e-lithium-ion anamandla.

Kungabonakala ukuthi ukuthembeka kwebhethri ye-lithium-ion yamandla kuhlobene nokuphepha komuntu siqu kanye nempahla yomthengi. Ngakho-ke, kungani ibhethri ye-lithium-ion yamandla ithathwe imoto kagesi? Yiziphi izinyathelo ezenziwa amaphakheji ebhethri? I-thermal out-of control iyiqiniso, amandla ebhethri ye-lithium-ion ashukumisayo. Ibhethri le-lithium-ion likhulu, futhi elokuqala libangelwa ukungalawuleki kwe-thermal.

Njengamanje, ukwakhiwa kwezimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile akukakapheleli kakhulu. Abathengi balungele izimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile. Akulula ukufinyelela ikalishi likaphethiloli.

Umthengi noma umkhiqizo omusha wamandla, kunesidingo esithile sempilo yebhethri. Ngakho-ke, kukhona ibhethri ye-lithium-ion yama-yuan amathathu enesisindo esincane namandla aphezulu, isetshenziswa izinkampani eziningi zezimoto zamandla amasha. Kodwa-ke, ibhethri ye-lithium-ion enezinhlangothi ezintathu inobunzima obulalayo, okulula ukubangela ingozi yomlilo ngemva kokuba imoto ishayisane, futhi uthishanhloko, i-thermostat ebangelwa ukushisa ngokweqile kwebhethri.

(Ibhethri ye-ion ye-lithium iron phosphate ion esetshenziswe ngaphambilini akulula ukuyiqala ngemva kokushayisana, isisindo sisinda kancane, amandla mancane kancane, ngakho kancane kancane athathelwe indawo ibhethri le-ion elinezinhlangothi ezintathu) emotweni kagesi ehlanzekile, Uhlelo lwebhethri ye-lithium-ion lwakhiwa ubuningi bamandla ebhethri ye-lithium-ion, futhi inani elikhulu lamaseli ebhethri e-lithium-ion elilinganiselwe ngesikhathi esincane sokushisa. Uma ama-calories engakwazi ukuhlakazeka ngokushesha ngesikhathi, ngeke nje athinte impilo yebhethri ye-lithium-ion enamandla, kodwa futhi nokwenzeka kokuphuma kokushisa okushisayo, ngaleyo ndlela kubangele izingozi ezifana nokuqhuma komlilo. Uma ngokuyisisekelo, kunezimo ezine zesimiso sokuphuma kokushisa okushisayo, okungukuthi, ukuhlukunyezwa kwemishini, ukuhlukunyezwa kukagesi, ukusetshenziswa kabi kokushisa, kanye nama-circuits angaphakathi afushane.

Ukuhlukunyezwa kwemishini kusho ukuthi lapho imoto iphahlazeka, ngenxa yamandla angaphandle, iseli yebhethri ye-lithium-ion, iphakethe lebhethri likhubazekile, kanye nokugudluzwa okuhlobene kwezingxenye ezihlukene, okubangela ukuthi i-diaphragm yebhethri idabuke futhi kwenzeke amasekhethi amafushane angaphakathi, kanye nokuvuza kwe-electrolyte yamafutha Ekugcineni kubangele umlilo. Ekuhlukunyezweni komshini, ukulimala kokubhoboza kubi kakhulu, kungase kubangele ukuthi ikhondakta ifake umzimba webhethri, okuholela kumjikelezo oqondile kanye negethivu. Futhi ukusetshenziswa kabi kukagesi kubangelwa ukusetshenziswa okungalungile kwebhethri, futhi kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zesekethe yangaphandle efushane, ukushajwa ngokweqile kanye nokukhipha ngokweqile.

Phakathi kwazo, ngenxa yokuthi ukukhishwa kwenguquko kuncane, ukukhuphuka kwezithunywa zethusi okubangelwa ukukhishwa ngokweqile kuzonciphisa ukuphepha kwebhethri, ngaleyo ndlela amathuba amasha okwanda kwamandla. Isifunda esifushane sangaphandle siwumphumela wamakhondatha amabili okuhlukanisa ingcindezi kumongo kagesi. Uma isifunda esifushane sangaphandle senzeka, ukushisa kwebhethri akukwazi ukusakazeka kahle, futhi izinga lokushisa lebhethri lizokhuphuka, futhi ukushisa okuphezulu kwe-trigger ukushisa akulawuleki.

Okokugcina, ukushaja ngokweqile kuwuhlobo olulimazayo lokuhlukumeza ugesi. Ngenxa yokushumeka kwe-lithium ngokweqile, ikristalu yegatsha le-lithium iyakhula ebusweni be-anode. Futhi ukukhishwa ngokweqile kwe-lithium kubangela ukuba isakhiwo se-cathode siphahlazeke ngenxa yokushisa nokukhululwa komoya-mpilo.

Ukukhululwa komoya-mpilo kusheshisa ukuhlaziywa kwe-electrolyte, inani elikhulu legesi. Ngenxa yokucindezela okusha kwangaphakathi, i-valve yokukhipha ivuliwe, ibhethri iqala ukuphuma. Ngemva kokuba into esebenzayo ebhethrini ithintana nomoya, ukusabela okumangalisayo kwenzeka, kubeka ukushisa okukhulu, ngaleyo ndlela kubangele ukuthi iphakethe lebhethri lishise umlilo.

Okulandelayo ukuhlukunyezwa okushisayo, lokhu kubhekisela ekushiseni ngokweqile kwendawo kubhethri, okumbalwa kakhulu okuzimele, ngokuvamile ngenxa yokuhlukunyezwa kwemishini nokusetshenziswa kabi kukagesi, futhi kuyicala ekucupheni kokugcina okuqondile. Ukuhlukumeza okushisayo ngokuvamile kuphezulu kakhulu kumazinga okushisa angaphandle, noma i-short-circuit ebangelwa ukukhiqizwa kokushisa okuphezulu okubangelwa amasistimu okulawula izinga lokushisa, ngaleyo ndlela kubangela ukushisa kungalawuleki. Kusukela ku-protocol, ukushayisana, ukulimala, ukwakheka, ukusebenza kwebhethri, isakhiwo, ukusebenza noma olunye uhlelo lokulawula ukushisa, ukwehluleka kwesistimu ye-air conditioning kungaholela ekuxhashazweni kokushisa.

Ekugcineni, ukushoda kwangaphakathi. Lesi simo sibangelwa ipeni lebhethri eliphozithivu nenegethivu, ngokuvamile elibangelwa ukuxhashazwa komshini kanye nokusetshenziswa kabi kokushisa. Isifunda esifushane sangaphakathi sibangelwa inkimbinkimbi efanayo, njengokushaja ngokweqile kwamabhethri e-lithium ion.

Ukunqwabelana kwama-dendrite kungabangela ukubhoboza i-diaphragm yebhethri, ngaleyo ndlela ukujikeleza okufushane kwangaphakathi noma ukungqubuzana, ngemva kokulimala kokubhoboza, okuholela ekuthinteni okuhle nokubi. Kungabonakala ukuthi engozini yomlilo yezimoto ezihlanzekile zikagesi, ngokuvamile kubangelwa izimo ezine ezingenhla, futhi izingozi zangaphandle ziyisici esihlosiwe. Futhi kungenxa yalokhu, kumkhiqizi wephakethe lebhethri, kuzodala ingozi yomlilo yokuxwayisa noma ngaphezulu, okungeke kuqaphe kakhulu ekucubunguleni ibhethri, kodwa futhi kuqhube uchungechunge lokuhlola ukuhlolwa.

Phakathi kwabo, i-BYD ifanele ukudunyiswa mayelana nalokhu. I-BYD iqinisekise ukuphepha kwebhethri ku-R <000000> D, ukuze kuqashwe ibhethri, ibhethri le-BYD ligwenyiwe ukugwema izingozi ngezinga elithile phakathi nocwaningo nokuthuthukiswa. Ibhethri elisetshenziswa ezimotweni zabagibeli ze-BYD ngokuyisisekelo ibhethri le-lithium ion le-ternary, elaziwa nangokuthi ibhethri le-lithium ion elinezinhlangothi ezintathu, elisho into esebenza kahle ye-electrode esebenzisa i-nickel-cobalt-oxanate noma i-lithium nickel-cobalt-oxide.

Ibhethri ye-lithium ion yezinto ezibonakalayo ze-ternary positive. I-electrode material esetshenziswa yi-BYD ye-ternary lithium-ion ibhethri yi-lithium nickel-cobalt-oksijeni-melate, efana nebhethri ye-ion ye-lithium-cobalt-aluminate, kuyilapho ukuminyana kwamandla kuphezulu, kuqinisekisa ibhethri elilinganiselwe, ukuzinza, ngakho-ke izoba Okuthandwayo kumandla webhethri yemoto kagesi ye-lithium yamanje yezinga lomthengi. Kodwa-ke, ukuzinza okushisayo kwe-lithium nickel-cobalt-manganese acid kungcono kune-nickel-cobalt-aluminate, futhi isilinganiso sokuqukethwe kwe-nickel sincane, futhi kungcono ukwenza ibhalansi yokuphila nokuphepha ngenkathi kwandisa amandla.

Ngakho-ke, ivikeleke kakhulu njengebhethri ye-lithium ion yamandla. Okwesibili, ibhethri ye-lithium-ion ihlukaniswe yaba izigaba ezimbili ezinkulu zegobolondo eliqinile nesikhwama esithambile ngokusho kweseli kagesi, futhi impahla yegobolondo eqinile iyadingeka ngegobolondo lensimbi negobolondo le-aluminium, kanti isikhwama esithambile siyifilimu eyinhlanganisela ye-aluminium-plastic. Phakathi kwazo, igobolondo eliqinile lihlukaniswe ngohlobo lwegobolondo le-cylindrical kanye nesikwele ngokusho kokuhlelwa kwezigxobo ezinhle nezimbi ngaphakathi kwayo.

Kalula nje, amaphakheji ebhethri ajwayelekile ayizinhlobo ezintathu, i-cylindrical, uhlobo lwegobolondo eliyisikwele kanye nohlobo lwesikhwama esithambile. I-BYD isebenzisa amaphakheji egobolondo le-aluminium yesikwele, angenza okokusebenza kwangaphakathi kwebhethri kuqine kakhulu, kanye nezingqinamba zegobolondo le-aluminium, akulula ukunwetshwa, kuphephe kakhulu. Ukwengeza, iphakethe legobolondo lesikwele lingahlonywa ukuqhuma, futhi uma kukhona ukulahlekelwa ukushisa, umoya wokwandisa ukhululwa endaweni eqondile yokuhlonishwa, akulula ukuthinta amanye amaseli ebhethri.

Futhi ngenxa yokuthi iphakethe lesikwele liyasetshenziswa, igebe lamaseli lincane kakhulu, futhi indlu ye-aluminium inomthamo omncane, isisindo sokukhanya silula, futhi ukuminyana kwamandla ebhethri ephakethe legobolondo lesikwele kungaba ngaphezulu. Kuhle futhi ukubalula ukuthi isistimu yokuphatha ibhethri ye-BYD iqapha isimo sebhethri ngesikhathi sangempela, lapho izinga lokushisa lephakethe lebhethri lingajwayelekile, linqanyulwa ukushisa noma lishisisa ngesistimu ye-air conditioning, iqinisekisa ukuphepha kwebhethri nempilo. Futhi ohlelweni oluhlakaniphile lokulawula izinga lokushisa elisekelwe ku-lithium-ion ibhethri, iphakethe lebhethri le-lithium ion lamandla lengeza ukufudumeza kwebhethri, umsebenzi wokupholisa, futhi ngasikhathi sinye lenze kahle umsebenzi omusha we-thermal insulation insulated, ukuze ibhethri lisebenze ebangeni lokushisa elifanele, inwebe impilo yebhethri.

Ukuhlolwa okuqinile kungcono ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukuphepha kwebhethri kungabonwa yilokhu okungenhla, futhi amabhethri e-BYD akuqinisekise kakhulu ukuphepha kwamabhethri ekukhiqizweni kwe-R <000000> D. Yebo, ukuze kuhlolwe kangcono ukuphepha kwebhethri, i-BYD iphinde yenze uchungechunge lwesivivinyo esinzima ngesikhathi sebhethri esingu-R <000000> D, futhi iphrojekthi yokuhlola yayifiseleka ukulingisa isimo lapho abathengi bangahlangana khona ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke kwabathengi. Ukushaja, ukujikeleza okufushane, ukuminyanisa, i-acupuncture, umlilo, njll.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-overshoot kubalulekile ukulingisa inqubo yansuku zonke yokushajwa kwamabhethri e-lithium ion ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwethembeka nokuphepha kwebhethri. Kudingeka ukushaja okwamanje okushiwo yibhethri, kuze kube yilapho ibhethri pack noma ibhethri ye-monomer ifinyelela ku-voltage eshiwo kuze kube yilapho imojula yebhethri ishajwa ngokugcwele. Yima, bheka ibhethri ngokuhambisana nesikhathi.

Ukulingisa kokuhlolwa kuwukwehluleka kwesekethe yebhethri emfushane. Ezivivinyweni ze-short-circuit, ibhethri ye-lithium ion yamandla angaphakathi izodlula ku-current-circuit current, ibhethri ngokuvamile ikhiqizwa, i-bulging, i-valve yokuphepha i-pop-up, njll., izimo ezimbi kakhulu zizovutha, zivele Intuthu enamandla, ngisho nokuqhuma, njll.

Kuyadingeka ukwenza indawo eshiwo (izinga lokushisa elivamile noma izinga lokushisa eliphezulu), beka ibhethri elisetshenziswe ebhokisini elingaqhumi elifanayo, futhi ukutholwa kwangaphandle kokulingisa kwesekhethi emfishane yesampula yesampula kwenziwa ngesampula eyisampula ukuze kuqedelwe ukulingisa. Ukutholwa kwesekethe yangaphandle yebhethri. Inhloso yalolu cwaningo ukuthuthukisa noma ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe, ukuthembeka okusha kwebhethri nokuphepha.

Image017.jpg Extrusion Test Okokulingisa izingozi, lapho umzimba wemoto ukhubazekile kakhulu, ibhethri liyampintsha lapho ibhethri likhishwa, futhi ibhethri lonakaliswa ukuguqulwa kwe-extrusion, noma kubangela izingozi ezifihliwe njengomlilo, ukuqhuma. Kuyadingeka ukubeka ibhethri le-monomer noma imojula yebhethri esetshenziswe ekuhlolweni kudivayisi yokusebenza, futhi ipuleti le-semi-cylindrical extrusion elicaciswe yiradiyasi lincikene nesivinini sokuminyanisa esingu-(51) mm / s lapho ibheke khona ipuleti le-polar yebhethri.

I-degree ifinyelela ku-voltage ye-0V? Futhi bheka ihora elingu-1, ukuhlolwa kudinga ukuthi ibhethri aliwuniki umlilo, hhayi ukuqhuma. Ukuhlola kuphinde kwalingisa ingozi lapho kusetshenziswa imoto, ibhethri labhobozwa into ecijile, futhi kusetshenziswa izindlela zobuchwepheshe zokuvimbela umzimba wangaphandle, isifunda esifushane sangaphakathi, esibangele izingozi ezifihliwe njengomlilo, ukuqhuma.

Ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ezingeni lokushisa elizungezile elingu-20 ¡ã C ?? 5 ¡ã C, namaseli asetshenziswe ekutholweni abekwe endaweni yokuhlola, futhi indawo enkulu kunazo zonke yebhethri yabhobozwa ngosayizi onqunywe kusengaphambili wenaliti yensimbi engeyona i-vase. Indawo ephakathi nendawo, ukuhlola kudinga ukuthi ibhethri lingawuniki umlilo, hhayi ukuqhuma. Ngemuva kokuthi ukuhlolwa komlilo kulingisa iphakethe lebhethri noma isistimu ifakwe emotweni kagesi, imoto kagesi iye yaphakama ngokuzumayo lapho imoto kagesi iyindawo yokushisa ephezulu noma ilangabi.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlola, bheka iphakethe lebhethri noma isistimu ngesikhathi esifushane, ngenxa yezimo ezihlukahlukene lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka ngokuzumayo. Esivivinyweni, imojula yebhethri ye-lithium ion esetshenziswa emishinini yokuhlola ifakwa emshinini wokuhlola onqunywe kusengaphambili noma ensimini, futhi izinga lokushisa lokusebenzisa imali lizoqhubeka livutha, ukuhlolwa akudingi ukuqhuma, umlilo, ukuvutha, futhi azikho izithombo zomlilo ezisele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-BYD yenze izinga lokushisa eliphansi elihlala isikhathi eside, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu elihlala isikhathi eside, ukucwiliswa kwamanzi anosawoti, ukuwa, kanye nokutholwa kokudlidliza.

Ngokuqhathanisa ibhethri le-Adudi nenqubo yokuhlola, kuyaziwa ukuthi ibhethri ye-lithium ion yamandla e-BYD ithembekile ekuthembekeni nakwikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Ibhethri yemoto kagesi ye-BYD ehlanzekile iphephile, impilo yinde ngokwanele, mayelana nabathengi, ngemuva kokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwebhethri, kodwa ukunakwa okwengeziwe ku-mileage yokukhuthazela yezimoto ezihlanzekile zikagesi, anjani amamayela angapheli wemoto ehlanzekile kagesi? Lapha sikhethe izimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile ze-BYD abathengi abazijwayele, ake sibheke ukuthi lezi zimoto zinamamayela angapheli kanjani. IYuan EV360, engumholi wamaSUV ahlanzekile esezingeni lika-100,000, idayise angu-5008 ngoSepthemba nonyaka.

Kwanele ukubona le moto ithandwa ngabathengi. Le moto ifakwe ibhethri le-ion lakamuva elinezinhlangothi ezintathu ku-BYD. Umthamo webhethri ungama-43.

2kW/h, futhi ukuminyana kwamandla ngu-146.27Wh/kg. Impilo yebhethri ehlanganisiwe ingu-305km, kanti ku-60km/h isometrics, i-Mileage ingafinyelela ku-360km.

I-BYD E5 njengemoto kagesi ejwayeleke kakhulu kumthengi, ukuthengiswa kwe-4052 ngoSepthemba, futhi le moto nayo ifakwe ibhethri le-lithium-ion elinezinhlangothi ezintathu. Umthamo wephakethe lebhethri ngu-60.48kw / h, futhi impilo yebhethri ephelele ingu-400M.

I-BYD Qin Proev isebenza njengemoto entsha esohlwini olusanda kufakwa, umthamo webhethri ngu-56.4kWh, kanti impilo yayo yebhethri ehlanganisiwe isifinyelele ku-420m. Kungabonwa kulawa mamodeli athengiswa kakhulu ukuthi i-BYD ifaka amandla ebhethri ye-lithium-ion ngokwempilo yebhethri ukuze ihlangabezane nabathengi.

Amazwana oMhleli: Izinkampani eziningi zamabhethri nezinkampani zezimoto ziphishekela ukuminyana kwamandla aphezulu ukuze zithole uxhaso olwengeziwe, kodwa zishaya indiva izici zokuphepha ezibaluleke kakhulu zamabhethri e-lithium-ion ashukumisayo, futhi izingozi zakamuva ezivamile zizophinda zinike amandla ama-lithium ion. Ukuvikeleka kwebhethri kuthatha kanye emkhakheni wokubuka. Njengenkampani yokuqala e-China, inkampani yokuqala e-China, i-BYD ibilokhu igcina izinga eliphezulu lokuphepha ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwebhethri ye-lithium-ion enamandla.

Futhi singabona wonke ama-probes aqinile ku-BYD enqubweni yokucubungula ibhethri, ehlala ibeka ukuphepha kwabathengi endaweni yokuqala. Ngakho-ke, ukucubungula kwe-BYD kuthembekile.