Isbeddelka horumarinta warshadaha soo kabashada batteriga

著者：Iflowpower – Lieferant von tragbaren Kraftwerken

Tamarta cusub ee hadda jirta ee tamarta baabuurka guud ahaan waa baytari lithium ah. Wareegga nolosha ee baytariyada korantada waxaa ka mid ah wax soo saarka, isticmaalka, qashinka, burburka, iyo dib u isticmaalka. Bateriga korontadu wax isbeddel ah kuma laha habka kiimikaad ee batteriga marka laga reebo hoos u dhaca dhaqdhaqaaqa kiimikaad ka dib markii la soo tebiyay, laakiin dalladdiisa iyo waxqabadka sii dayntu ma buuxin karaan shuruudaha tamarta ee baabuurka.

Sifooyinka kiimikaad ee batteriga awoodda laftiisa ma laha isbeddello muhiim ah. Dib-u-warshadaynta iyo ka faa&39;iidaysiga siyaabo kala duwan, dib u warshadaynta baytariga tamarta ee hadda waxa ka mid ah ka faa&39;iidaysiga cascade iyo ka faa&39;iidaysiga dib-u-soo-saarka kheyraadka. Marka loo eego cabbirka, awoodda baytariga lithium ee firfircoon waxa laga kordhiyey 5.

6GWH ee 2018 ilaa 47.3GWH sanadka 2022, oo leh kobac sanadle ah oo isku dhafan oo ka badan 70%, qiimaha soo kabashada ee u dhiganta waa 580 milyan yuan sanadka 2018 ilaa 7.86 bilyan yuan sanadka 2022.

Heerka kobaca isku dhafan ee sanadka ayaa ka badan 90%. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, baahida degdega ah ee dalkayga si loo dhiso baytari lithium firfircoon "wax soo saarka-iibka-isticmaalka-dib u isticmaalka" silsilad warshadaha xiran-loop, si dhab ah u ogaadaan ilaalinta deegaanka ee tamarta lithium-korontada. Horumarka joogtada ah ee warshadaha baabuurta tamarta cusub, batari koronto cusub oo sanadle ah ayaa lagu rakibay mugga wuxuu ka kordhay 0.

66GWH sanadka 2012 ilaa 57GWH sanadka 2018, batteriga awooda lagu rakibay ayaa ka badan 100GWH. Baahida loo qabo walxaha togan ee batteriga korantada ayaa sii kordhaya, alaabteeda asaasiga ah ee nikkel, cobalt, qiimaha lithium ayaa sii socota; Isla mar ahaantaana, qadarka ugu weyn ee batteriga korontada ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah hoos ugu dhici doona 2018, haddii ay khaldan tahay, haddii ay khaldan tahay, qaybaha kala duwan ee batteriga ayaa noqon doona wasakh weyn ayaa u keenta deegaanka ;. Marka loo eego darawalada badan ee warshadaha kor ku xusan, cadaadiska deegaanka iyo dhiirigelinta siyaasadda, muhiimada iyo degdega ah ee dib u warshadaynta baytariyada lithium ayaa sii kordhaya oo caan ah.

Sannadaha soo socda, warshaduhu waxay keeni doonaan horumar degdeg ah. Fursadda maalgashi ee warshadaha dib-u-warshadaynta lithium-korontadu waxay weli ku jirtaa marxaladaha hore ee horumarka, inkasta oo dufcad bilaw ah oo hore, cabbirka keliya uusan weyneyn, xoogga saarista warshaduhu waa hooseeyaa, nidaamka dib-u-warshadaynta waara weli ma qummana. Raadinta mustaqbalka, maalgashiga Jiuding wuxuu aaminsan yahay in kaliya nidaamka dib-u-warshadaynta uu yahay mid qumman, tayada macaamiisha, xoogga dhaqaale ee xooggan, heerarka deegaanka ee saaxiibtinimo, iyo qaabka hore, shahaadooyinka qalalaasaha ee horay u soo baxay waxay u muuqan karaan jawiga suuqa ee baahida warshadaha iyo jawiga suuqa ee sii kordhaya, iyo ugu dambeyntii u koraan sida Shiinaha.

Ganacsiga ugu horeeya ee dhinaca dib u warshadaynta korontada ee lithium. Baaxadda warqadani waxay isticmaashaa caliber-ka leh caliber-ka batteriga lithium-ka, iyo soo-saarka iyo shixnadaha batteriga lithium-ka. Guud ahaan, wax soo saarka batteriga lithium ee awoodda ayaa ka badan inta shixnadaha.

1. Bartilmaameedka Warshadaha (1) Fikradda Aasaasiga ah ee Tamarta Cusub ee Tamarta Cusub ee Baabuurka Bateriga Guud ee baytariga Lithium. Baytariga lithium waxa loo qaybin karaa: lithium cobalt acid lithium cell, baytari lithium manganate, baytari lithium iron fosfat baytari, baytari lithium saddex-cabbir ah (lithium nickel-cobalt-oxanate), iwm.

Walaxda ternary guud ahaan waxa loola jeedaa walxaha kooxda kiimikaad si ay u noqdaan LiniaXBcoCOCO2, halkaas oo x waa Mn (manganese) loola jeedaa NCM (lithium nickel-cobalt-nickellate), iyo X waa Al (aluminium) waxaa loola jeedaa NCA (lithium nickellate acid). Moodooyinka sida 532, 622 iyo 811 waxay tixraacayaan saamiga saddexda lambar ee A, B, C ee agabka NCM, sida 622 ayaa si gaar ah u tixraacaya Li0.6Mn0.

2CO0.2O2. Wareegga nolosha ee baytariyada korantada waxaa ka mid ah wax soo saarka, isticmaalka, qashinka, burburka, iyo dib u isticmaalka.

Bateriga korontadu wax isbeddel ah kuma laha habka kiimikaad ee batteriga marka laga reebo hoos u dhaca dhaqdhaqaaqa kiimikaad ka dib markii la soo tebiyay, laakiin dalladdiisa iyo waxqabadka sii dayntu ma buuxin karaan shuruudaha tamarta ee baabuurka. Sifooyinka kiimikaad ee batteriga awoodda laftiisa ma laha isbeddello muhiim ah. Dib-u-warshadaynta iyo ka faa&39;iidaysiga siyaabo kala duwan, dib u warshadaynta baytariga tamarta ee hadda waxa ka mid ah ka faa&39;iidaysiga cascade iyo ka faa&39;iidaysiga dib-u-soo-saarka kheyraadka.

(2) Silsiladda warshaduhu waxay muujinaysaa kor u kaca warshadaha soo kabashada lithium-koronta si ay u soo saaraan baytariyada qashinka iyo agabkooda, oo ay ku jiraan ganacsiyada wax soo saarka iyo isticmaalayaasha alaabtooda, qalabka baytariyada, baakadaha baytariyada, hawlwadeennada baabuurta tamarta cusub iyo isticmaalayaasha dhamaadka; meel dhexe waa shabakad soo kabashada baytariyada lithium, dib u warshadaynta iyo dib u soo kicinta Ka faa&39;iidayso shirkadaha, ganacsiga isticmaalka jaranjarada; Hoosta hoose waa soo saaraha walxaha baytariyada lithium iyo isticmaalayaasha baytariyada cajaladaha. Batariyada cusub ayaa u qulqulay isticmaaleyaasha baabuurta, isticmaaleyaasha baabuurta, iyo isticmaaleyaasha baabuurta ayaa beddelaya baytariyada cusub iyada oo loo marayo xarumaha adeegga iibka ka dib iyo shirkadaha kiraynta batteriga, halka ay ku ururinayaan baytariyada qashinka meelaha iibka ka dib, shirkadaha kiraynta batteriga, U wareejinta batteriga qashinka dib-u-soo-nooleynta iyo ka faa&39;iidaysiga shirkadaha ama jaranjarada, batteriga ku qulqulaya jaranjarada ayaa ugu dambeyntii dib loogu soo celiyay ganacsigii shirkadda. Dib-u-cusboonaynta iyo isticmaalka shirkadaha si loo soo saaro agabka dib-u-cusboonaysiinta, sii wadida qulqulka soo saaraha batteriga oo ay sameeyaan baytariyo cusub, oo ku qulqulaya gaariga oo dhan, samee "wax-soo-saarka-iibka-isticmaalka-dib-u-isticmaalka" oo dhammaystiran wareeg xiran.

1) Isticmaalka jaranjarada waa hab dib-u-warshadaynta nolosha batteriga lithium-ka. Guud ahaan, marka awoodda baytariyada lithium-ka ee gaadhiga tamarta cusub la dhimo ilaa 80%, baytarigu ma buuxinayo baahida korontadu waa meesha laga saarayaa, laakiin baytarigu weli waa u diyaar warshado ay ka mid yihiin kaydinta tamarta, kaas oo la gelin karo saldhigga taawarka birta ee isgaadhsiinta iyo meelo kale. , Saldhigga kaydka tamarta ee la deggan yahay ee ganacsiga iyo saldhigga kaydinta kharashka baabuurta korontada, iwm.

Marka la barbardhigo lithium iron fosfate, nolosha baytariga ternary lithium waa mid gaaban, khatarta badbaadaduna waa mid sareysa, iyo aagga isticmaalka sallaanku kuma habboona jawi adag. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, cidhiidhiga xaddidaya horumarinta suuqa ayaa inta badan ku jira baytariyada hawlgabka ah oo leh kharash badan, iyo joogteynta waxqabadka way adag tahay in la dammaanad qaado. Caqabadda farsamo ee jaranjarada ayaa ah mid sare, tignoolajiyada muhiimka ah waxaa ka mid ah tignoolajiyada isdhexgalka ee kala duwan iyo farsamooyinka saadaalinta nolosha ee soo haray.

Qodobka ugu muhiimsan ee saadaasha nolosha ee soo hartay waa in kormeerka wareegga nolosha oo buuxa, taas oo ah, sameynta madal nidaamka raadraaca xogta weyn ee falanqaynta nidaamka batteriga hawlgabka ah, Ma geli kartaa suuqa isticmaalka jaranjarada xogta weyn. Marka la eego sababaha cabbirka badan sida tignoolajiyada, qiimaha, jaranjarada muddada-gaaban waxaa loo isticmaalaa suuqgeyn ballaaran, jaranjaradana looma isticmaalo doodda muhiimka ah ee maqaalkan. 2) Soo kabashada kheyraadka waa in la jebiyo, la kala furfuro oo la dhalaaliyaa baytariga korontada ee la tirtiray, iyadoo la ogaaday dib u warshadaynta iyo ka faa&39;iidaysiga nikkel, kobalt, manganese, lithium iyo agabyo kale.

Iyadoo dib u soo kabashada kheyraadka, nikkel, cobalt, manganese waxay gaari karaan in ka badan 95%, iyo curiyeyaasha lithium waxay ku guuleysan karaan dib u isticmaalka in ka badan 70% (iibiyeyaasha shakhsi ahaaneed waxay gaari karaan 90%), faa&39;iidooyinka dhaqaale ayaa muhiim ah. Wax soo saarka nikkel, cobalt, manganese iyo milixda lithium waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu soo saaro horudhacyo saddex xubnood ka kooban iyo walxaha korantada togan, waxaana loo sii isticmaalaa soo saarista unugyada baytariyada lithium. (3) Heerka Warshadaha 1) Xaaladda warshadaynta dib-u-warshadaynta baytariyada lithium-ta korontada waa ka hor 2014.

Bateriga lithium-ka waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa qalabka elektiroonigga ah ee macaamiisha sida moobilada, laptop-yada. Cabbirka yar, qaab-dhismeedka iyo qaybaha fudud awgeed, qaybintu way adag tahay, iyo dib u warshadaynteeda In ka badan nikkel hydrogen-ka caadiga ah, shirkadaha soo kabashada baytariyada nikel-cadmium. Wixii ka dambeeyay 2014, mugga wax-soo-saarka iyo iibinta baabuurta tamarta cusub ayaa aad u kordhay, batteriga korontaduna waxa uu noqday badeecadii ugu sarraysay marka loo eego isticmaalka baytariyada lithium-ka sannadka 2016-ka.

Waxaa la filayaa inay sii wadi doonto ilaalinta isbeddellada hagaajinta xawaaraha sare leh. Jidhka ugu muhiimsan ee suuqa baytariyada lithium, cadadka baytariga lithium ee la xidhiidha elektarooniga macaamiisha ayaa u yaraan doona saami hoose. Farqiga u dhexeeya jidka tignoolajiyada iyo xaaladaha codsiga awgeed, celceliska nolosha batteriga korontadu waa 3-5 sano.

Waqtigan xaadirka ah, waxa ay hadda soo gashay marxalad aad u weyn oo hawlgab ah oo qashinka ah, sidaas darteed suuqa dib-u-warshadaynta baytariyada lithium-ka ee wadankeeygu hadda wuu bilaabmay. Horumarinta suuqa dib-u-warshadaynta lithium-e-korontada ee Shiinaha ayaa weli ku jira maalmihii hore, aan qaan-gaarin, oo aan la jaan-qaadin. Shirkadaha soo kabashada batari dhaqameed ee nikkel-hydrogen iyo shirkadaha dib-u-warshadaynta birta qoyan ayaa hormuud ka ah qaabeynta, iyagoo isticmaalaya shabakad dib u warshadeyn ah oo horey loo sameeyay iyo sanado badan oo teknoolojiyadda aruurin, qabsaday goobo suuq-geyneed, si dhakhso ah u gooyay beerta dib-u-warshadaynta ee lithium.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay tirada xaddidan ee awoodda, nidaamka dib-u-warshadaynta weli ma fiicna, shirkadaha kor ku xusan waxay inta badan sameeyeen xiriir iskaashi oo istiraatijiyadeed oo leh soosaarayaasha wax soo saarka saddex-geesoodka ah, kuwa soo saara baytariyada lithium, oo leh warshadda alaabta ugu muhiimsan iyo qashinka warshadda baytariga. Isha, dammaanad qaadka dib u warshadaynta saadka alaabta ceeriin. Intaa waxaa dheer, ma aha mid dayacan.

Waxaa jira tiro badan oo dib-u-warshadeynta ah ee aqoon-is-weydaarsiyada yaryar. Qalabka geeddi-socodka ayaa ka dambeeya, ma jiraan wax shahaadooyin ah, khataraha badbaadada iyo arrimaha deegaanka ayaa ah kuwo halis ah, iyo kanaalada dib-u-warshadaynta ayaa ku xiran. Aqoon-is-weydaarsiga yar-yar ee noocan oo kale ah ayaa inta badan ku dhaca calanka dib-u-warshadaynta, waana ganacsi "batterigu waa sahlan tahay in la cusboonaysiiyo, iibintiisa", iyada oo loo marayo dib-u-warshadaynta qiimaha badan ee alaabta ceeriin ee baytariyada qashinka ah, taas oo si weyn u carqaladaysa nidaamka caadiga ah ee suuqa batteriga korontada, tuujinaysa booska rasmiga ah ee dib u warshadaynta ee saddexda xisbi.

Waqtigan xaadirka ah, dib-u-warshadaynta qolo saddexaad iyo soosaarayaasha baytariyada korantada gudaha waxay xaqiiqsadeen booska wayn ee suuqa ee warshadaha soo kabashada lithium-koronta mustaqbalka. Tirakoobka horudhaca ah ee tamarta lithium-ta ee shaqaalaha sare, oo hadda ku jira beeraha dib-u-warshadaynta baytariyada korontada, in ka badan shirkadaha 30, oo ay ku jiraan Greenmei, Huayou Cobalt, Bangu Group, Zhangzhou Haopeng, Qalabka Cusub ee Jinyuan, Xien Technology, Fangyuan Environmental Protection, Kooxda Tamarta ee Shiinaha ee Saith, Badbaadinta Duulimaadyada Deegaanka ee Shiinaha, Dryium Thai Technology. Saamiyada Geela, Saamiyada Xiong, Taili, Qalabka Cusub ee Dongpeng, Tignoolajiyada Guanghua, Zhongtianhong Lithium, Wareegga Siflower, Yancheng Star Chuang, Jia Neglon energy iyo shirkado kale. Tirakoob adag, mid kasta oo la bixiyay dhismaha awoodda dib-u-warshadaynta baytariyada lithium ayaa aad uga sarreeyay qashinka sannadlaha ah ee la filayo; Dadka u dhuun daloola warshaduhu waxay muujiyeen cusub ama balaadhinta in ka badan 60 mashruuc sanadka 2019.

Waxaa la arki karaa in suuqa soo kabashada lithium-korontadu ay si dhakhso ah u kululaanayso, laakiin waa waali qaabeynta indhoolaha, waxayna sidoo kale qeexi doontaa maalmaha hore ee warshadaha ee goobtan. Mustaqbalka, heerarka warshadaha, tartanka waa la tirtiray, suuquna si tartiib tartiib ah ayuu u tagi doonaa. Intaa waxaa dheer, soo saaraha batari korantada sida nidaamka mas&39;uuliyadda shuruudaha siyaasadda-cad, iyo warshad baabuurta tamarta cusub sida hay&39;ad ganacsi oo si toos ah ugu xidha suuqa terminal, si ay u dedejiyaan qaabeynta, ama si toos ah u helaan xirfadle dib-u-warshadaynta dhinac saddexaad, kaamil ah warshadaha iyaga u gaar ah Chain; ama saxiix heshiis iskaashi oo istiraatijiyadeed si loo dhiso shabakad dib u warshadayn.

2) Dariiqa teknoolajiyada dib-u-warshadaynta kheyraadka iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay baahida suuqa batteriga, dib-u-warshadaynta kheyraadka iyo dib-u-warshadaynta baytariyada qashinka waxay si wax ku ool ah u yareyn kartaa yaraanta birta sida cobalt, lithium, waxayna yareyn kartaa kharashyada wax soo saarka batteriga. Soo kabashada kheyraadka baytariyada lithium ee firfircoon waxay inta badan ku urursan yihiin soo saarista walxaha korantada togan, habka ugu weyni waa: (1) dheecaan buuxa; (2) in la kala diro, la kala saaro electrode togan, electrode negative, electrolyte iyo diaphragm, iwm. Qayb; (3) ka saarista walxaha korantada togan, dhexgalka aashitada, inductance; (4) soo saarista qiimo la hodmay.

Soo kabashada baytariga lithium waxaa loo qaybin karaa saddex qaybood iyadoo loo eegayo habka soo saarista: dib u warshadaynta qoyan, dib u warshadaynta qalalan iyo soo kabashada noolaha. Habka qoyan waa mid aad u dhib badan, laakiin waa habka soo kabashada guud ee hadda jira ee qiimaha soo kabashada birta, waxaana loo isticmaali karaa habka soo kabashada caadiga ah; Habka qalalan waa sahlan tahay in la keeno wasakhda labaad iyo isticmaalka tamarta, guud ahaan loo isticmaalo dib-u-warshadaynta birta Marxaladda hore, habka qoyan waa la taageeray; Sharciga bayoolojigu wuxuu leeyahay qiimo jaban, wasakh yar, si isdaba joog ah ayaa loo isticmaali karaa, iyo muddada dheer, waa jihada ugu habboon ee soo kabashada batteriga, laakiin wali waxay ku jirtaa R <000000> marxaladaha D, ma jiro kiis codsi ganacsi. (4) Sannadihii u dambeeyay, wasaaradaha iyo guddiyada qaranku waxay ku jireen heer siyaasad, laga soo bilaabo tamarta daciifka ah, si tartiib tartiib ah u jaangooyay oo wanaajiyay suuqa dib-u-warshadaynta ee baytariyada lithium-ka qashinka ah, waxaana lagu ururiyay siyaasado iyo xeerar la xidhiidha dib-u-warshadaynta baytariyada lithium-ka.

Iyadoo la kala saarayo, waxaanu ogaanay in siyaasadda hadda jirta ay diiradda saarayso kuwan soo socda: (1) Hirgelinta soo saarista nidaamka fidinta ee mas&39;uulka ah. Wasaaradda Qaranka ee Warshadaha iyo Tignoolajiyada Warfaafinta iyo Komishanka Horumarinta iyo Dib-u-habaynta, "Siyaasadda Tiknoolajiyada Dib-u-warshadaynta Dib-u-warshadaynta Baabuurka Korantada" (2016), "Nidaamka Kordhinta Mas&39;uuliyadda Soo-saareyaasha" oo ay soo saartay Xafiiska Golaha Gobolka (2017), oo si cad u tilmaamaya kor u qaadista shirkadaha baabuurta In mas&39;uuliyadda ugu weyn ee wax soo saarka, isticmaalka, dib-u-warshadaynta, dib-u-warshadaynta shirkadaha, dib-u-warshadaynta iyo dib-u-warshadaynta shirkadaha, waxay u baahan tahay dib-u-warshadeynta shirkadaha. Alaabta tamarta tamarta nidaamka ballan-qaadka adeegga iibka kadib (ay ku jirto dib-u-warshadaynta batteriga), Hirgelinta tamarta cusub ee gaadiidka tamarta lithium maaraynta macluumaadka baytariyada, rikoodhka raadraaca Dib-u-warshadaynta batteriga lithium firfircoon. (2) Samee habka dib u warshadaynta baytari korantada dhawaaqa si loo dhiirigaliyo mashaariicda.

Horraantii bishii Febraayo 2017, Wasaaradda Warshadaha iyo Tignoolajiyada, Wasaaradda Ganacsiga, iyo Wasaaradda Ganacsiga ayaa si wadajir ah u soo saaray "Ra&39;yi-Hagaynta Horumarinta Kheyraadka La cusboonaysiin karo". Waxaa si cad loo soo jeediyay: 1 diiradda horumarinta baabuurta tamarta cusub sida Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Waxay taageertaa samaynta lebis xoog leh, hab dib u warshadaynta dhaqaale, iyo fulinta codsiyada muujinta; 2 baabuurta korontada iyo kuwa soo saara baytariyada korontada waa in ay mas&39;uul ka yihiin samaynta shabakadaha dib-u-warshadaynta baytariyada qashinka, iyadoo la isticmaalayo shabakad adeegga iibka ka dib si ay dib u warshadaynta baytariyada qashinka, statistics iyo sii daayo macluumaadka dib u warshadaynta, si loo hubiyo Batari qashin dib u warshadaynta iyo badbaadada daadinta; 3 shirkadood oo baabuur ah waa in ay hirgeliyaan maareynta macluumaadka raadinta batteriga, raad raac dib-u-warshadaynta batteriga. (3) Xoojinta kormeerka warshadaha ee ganacsiyada warshadaha.

Bishii Sebtembar 2018, Wasaaradda Warshadaha iyo Tignoolajiyada Macluumaadka ayaa soo saartay "New Tamarta Baabuurta Waste Battery Comprehensive Utilization Standard Condition" Liiska Shirkadaha (Dufcada Koowaad), shirkadda dib-u-warshadaynta batteriga korontadu waa inay lahaataa shuruudo cad. 2. Falanqaynta Suuqa (1) Qodobbada Wada 1) Ahmiyadda Deegaanka Dib-u-warshadaynta beytariga weyn ee qashinka Lithium waxay leedahay muhiimad deegaan oo weyn.

Marka qashinka lithium batterigu galo deegaanka, biraha birta ah sida nikkel / cobalt / manganese ee walxaha elektiroonigga ah ee togan, saldhigga xoogga leh iyo ions birta culus ee ku jirta electrolyte waxay keeni kartaa wasakhda birta culus ama wasakhowga organic, iyo ugu dambeyntii iyada oo loo marayo silsiladda cuntada Geli dadka iyo xayawaanka, si dhab ah u saameeya tayada deegaanka iyo caafimaadka aadanaha. 2) Baahida batteriga korontadu waxay ku jirtaa siyaasadda cusub ee gaadiidka tamarta, iyo dhammaan silsiladda warshadaha waxay gashaa xilliga horumarka xawaaraha sare leh. yoolalka qorshaynta dalkayga waxa la soo jeediyay in sanadka 2020, iibka baabuurta tamarta cusub uu gaadho 2 milyan, in ka badan 5 milyan oo baabuurna la dammaanad qaaday.

Sannadka 2018, gaadhiga tamarta cusub waxa uu leeyahay 12.7 milyan oo unug sanadka oo dhan, iyada oo la iibiyey 12.56 milyan, marka la barbar dhigo 2017 celcelis ahaan 60%.

Iyada oo soosaarka baabuurta tamarta cusub, mugga wax-soo-saarka iyo iibku aad ayuu u sarreeyaa, iyo warshadaha batteriga lithium-ka ayaa leh korriin qarxa. Isla mar ahaantaana, faa&39;iidada baytariyada lithium-ga ee saddex-geesoodka ah marka la barbar dhigo baytariga birta fosfateed ee lithium, kaas oo buuxinaya shuruudaha adag ee kabka tamarta cusub ee dalka. Sidaa darteed, batari saddex-yuan ah oo lithium ah ayaa si degdeg ah u kordhin doona aagga batteriga korontada, 2018 Qadarka batteriga lithium ee saddex-geesoodka ah wuxuu ku saabsan yahay 78% dhammaan mugga la rakibay, iyo lithium phosphate phosphate ayaa u dhiganta 19%.

3) Si wax ku ool ah u yareeyaan xiisadda alaabta ceeriin leh horumarinta degdega ah ee baabuurta tamarta cusub, baahida loo qabo saddex yuan baytari lithium sii kordhaya, baahida loo qabo alaabta ceeriin sida nikkel, cobalt, manganese, iyo lithium waa ka badan oo degdeg ah, si toos ah u horseedaya kor u kaca qiimaha alaabta ceeriin ee la xidhiidha, 2014 Qiimaha unit of electrolytic cobalt iyo batari-3 jeer manganese iyo batari-2. si xoog leh u kacday muddada gaaban. Khayraadka nikkelka iyo manganese-ka caalamiga ahi waa qani, kaydka nikkel ee dalkaygu waxa uu ku dhaw yahay 2.9 milyan, darajada sideedaad; Aasaaska manganese-ka ee dalkaygu waxa uu kaydiyaa 40 milyan oo tan, isagoo ku jira kaalinta lixaad ee adduunka.

Guud ahaan, dalkaygu wuxuu ogaan karaa dheelitirnaanta saadka iyo baahida nikkel iyo manganese. Kaydka kheyraadka cobalt ee caalamiga ah waa qiyaastii 7 milyan oo tan, qaybinta juqraafiyeed waa mid aad u dheelitiran, inta badan Kongo (Jin), Australia, Cuba, Filibiin, Kanada, Ruushka iyo wadamo kale, wadarta kaydka saddexda ugu sareysa ayaa ah 70% adduunka. Kaydka cobalt-ku-salaysan ee dalkaygu waa ilaa 80,000 oo tan, asal ahaan waxa weheliya miinada la socota, dhibta macdan qodista, markaa khayraadka dalkaygu waa mid daran, ku tiirsanaanta soo dejinta ilaa 90%.

Kaydka kheyraadka lithium ee dalkaygu waa 5.8 milyan oo tan, waana kaalinta saddexaad ee adduunka, laakiin macdan qodista waa adag tahay, inta badan waxaa lagu qaybiyaa Sichuan, Qinghai iyo Tibet, deegaanka deegaanku waa mid jilicsan, awoodda gaadiidkuna waa xaddidan tahay, ka faa&39;iidaysiga baaxadda weyn ee macdanta muddo gaaban gudaheed waa gaaban yahay. Suurtagalnimada aadka u hooseeya, wax-soo-saarka iskiis u leeyahay ayaa dabooli kara kor u kaca baahida batteriga gudaha.

Waqtigan xaadirka ah, waxaa jira 70% baahida lithium. Iyada oo loo marayo dib u soo kabashada lithium-korontada, qiimaha birta ee alaabta elektiroonigga ah ee baytariyada ternary-ga ah ee hawlgabka ah ayaa mar kale loo isticmaali karaa soo saarista walxaha korantada ee saddex-geesoodka ah, oo qayb ahaan qancisa mustaqbalka wax soo saarka batteriga, yaraynta ku-tiirsanaanta alaabada shisheeye ee soo dejinta, ka caawinta shirkadaha si ay u xakameeyaan qiimaha alaabta ceeriin saamaynta xun ee kor u kaca, dhibaatada wax ku ool ah ee dalool. muhiimadda istiraatijiyadeed iyo faa&39;iidooyinka dhaqaale. (2) Qiyaasta cabbirka suuqa 1) Walxaha korantada togan ee ay soo ceshadeen suuqa kheyraadka baytariyada lithium inta badan waxaa ka mid ah lithium iron phosphate iyo saddex yuan lithium.

Marka loo eego cabbirada caadiga ah iyo hababka kiimikada ee fosfatka birta ee lithium iyo saddex-lithium, oo ay weheliso qiimaha unugga suuqa ee lithium-kii dhawaa ee nikkel-cobalt-manganese, qiimaha soo kabashada ee batari kasta oo awood GWH ah ayaa lagu qiyaasaa, iyo shaxdan soo socota: Marka loo eego cabbirkan, GWH kasta Aragtida walxaha wanaagsan ee atrophiophosphate waxay u dhigantaa qiyaastii 100 milyan yuuro. Farqiga u dhexeeya qaybo gaar ah awgeed, qiimaha soo kabashada aragtida NCM333 ilaa NCM811 waa inta u dhaxaysa 330 milyan yuan ilaa 1.9 bilyan yuan (xog faahfaahsan eeg shaxda).

Marka loo eego baabuurka tamarta cusub ee sanadka iyo awoodda baytari ee noocyada kala duwan, batteriga lithium ee awoodda lagu rakibay awoodda ayaa la saadaaliyay: Marka loo eego saadaasha kor ku xusan, awoodda bateriga lithium ee lagu rakibay waxay kor u kacdaa 47.4GWH bilyan 2018 ilaa 166.6GWH ee 2022, heerka kobaca isku dhafan ee sanadka.

In ka badan 30%. Macluumaadka warshadaha oo dhammaystiran, waxaanu samaynaa fikradaha aasaasiga ah ee soo socda: (1) Marka loo eego Qorshaha Shanta Sano ee 13aad, wax soo saarka gaadhiga tamarta cusub wuxuu u baahan yahay inuu gaadho 2 milyan; (2) Marka la eego cufnaanta tamarta hoose ee fosfooraska birta ee lithium, waxaa la filayaa in lagu rakibay Qadarka ayaa hoos u dhacaya sanadba sanadka ka dambeeya, hoos u dhigista 5GWH ee 2020 wuxuuna ilaaliyaa saddex batari lithium yuan ah; (3) Muddada gaaban, 523 waa xoogga ugu weyn ee batteriga saddexda yuan ee lithium, soo saaraha batteriga ee safka hore wuxuu bilaabayaa inuu soo saaro tiro badan oo ah 622 iyo 811, Waxaa la filayaa in 622 uu yahay badeecad kala-guur ah. Kadib 2018, 333 gabi ahaanba way baaba&39;aan; (4) Deegaannada codsiyada kala duwan, nolosha batteriga lithium-ka guud ahaan waa 3-5 sano, nolosha cabbirkana waa 4 sano; (5) Baytariga lithium ee awooda 80% ee N-4s iyo N-3%.

Iyada oo ku saleysan aasaaska kore, cabbirka suuqa ee kheyraadka batteriga lithium-ka ayaa loo sameeyay sida soo socota: Marka loo eego cabbirka kore, awoodda baytariyada lithium-ka ayaa laga kordhiyey 5.6GWH sanadka 2018 ilaa 47.3GWH sanadka 2022, iyada oo heerka kobaca isku dhafan ee sanadlaha ah uu ka badan yahay 70%.

Qiimaha soo kabashada ee u dhiganta waa laga bilaabo 580 milyan yuan sanadka 2018 ilaa 7.86 bilyan yuan sanadka 2022, oo leh kobac sanadle ah oo isku dhafan oo ka badan 90%. 2) Bateriga dhijitaalka ah ee 3C cabbirka suuqa batteriga dhijitaalka ah wuxuu inta badan ku urursan yahay taleefannada casriga ah, tablet-yada, laptop-yada, kamaradaha iyo qalabka korontada, iwm.

Sidaa darteed, xisaabintu waxay inta badan ku salaysan tahay shixnadaha alaabta dhijitaalka ah ee noocan oo kale ah, iyo celceliska nuxurka bateriga ee batteriga dhijitaalka ah. Marka loo eego daah-furka, batteriga dhijitaalka ah ee hadda jira wuxuu inta badan adeegsadaa batariyada lithium cobaltate, sidaas darteed xisaabinta waxay inta badan ku saleysan tahay qaacidada molecular, awoodda gaarka ah, cufnaanta awoodda dhabta ah ee lithium cobalt, waxay xisaabisaa soo kabashada batteriga dhijitaalka ah ee 3C. Qiyaastan, qiyaasta soo kabashada kheyraadka ee baytariyada dhijitaalka ah waxay ka kori karaan 2.

83 bilyan 2018 ilaa 3.66 bilyan yuan sanadka 2022, oo leh kobac isku dhafan oo ku saabsan 7%. 3.

Ka qaybqaatayaasha ugu waaweyn (1) Soo saaraha Battery-ga Korantada ee si firfircoon kor loogu qaadayo horumarinta siyaasadaha iyo suuqyada, soo saaraha batteriga korontada oo ah jirka ugu muhiimsan ee nidaamka mas&39;uuliyadda wax soo saarka, ayaa ku lug lahaa berrinkii dib u soo kabashada batteriga lithium, qaabka dib-u-warshadaynta iyo ka qaybgalayaasha ugu waaweyn waa sida soo socota: (2) Dib-u-warshadaynta qaybta saddexaad waxay u baahan tahay balaadhin ganacsi oo leh shabakad batari dib u warshadayn ah waxay xooga saartaa qashinka lithium batteriga firfircoon. Qaabkeeda dib-u-warshadaynta iyo ka-qaybgalayaasha ugu waaweyn waa sida soo socota: 4. Isbeddellada horumarinta warshadaha iyo sifooyinka suurtagalka ah ee ganacsiga macluumaadka isku-dhafka ayaa kordhay, saamiga baytariyada saddex-geesoodka ah ee lithium-ka ayaa si joogto ah u kordhaya, iyo cadaadiska kharashka ayaa faa&39;iido dhaqaale oo muhiim ah iyo dib-u-warshadaynta kheyraad muhiim u ah muhiimadda dib-u-warshadaynta dhaqaalaha iyo kheyraadka caadiga ah.

Dhanka kale, nidaamka Mas&39;uuliyadda wax-soo-saarka wuxuu u baahan yahay soo-saareyaasha baytariga awoodda si ay u dhisaan nidaam dib-u-warshad oo hufan oo deegaanka u wanaagsan, si dib-u-soo-kabashada-lithium-ku ay daruuri u noqoto oo ay qasab noqoto. Sida dufcaddii ugu horreysay ee baytariyada lithium-ka korontadu ay hawlgab noqdeen, cadadka baytariyada lithium-ka ee hawlgabku waxay muujin doonaan koboc degdeg ah shanta sano ee soo socota, haddii ay tahay soo saaraha baytariga lithium ee awoodda leh ama dib-u-warshadaynta dhinac saddexaad, iyo xitaa shirkadaha kale ee deegaanka ayaa keeni doona fursad horumarineed oo weyn. Mustaqbalka mustaqbalka warshadaha dib-u-warshadaynta lithium-korontada, dhammaan ka qaybgalayaasha doonaya inay galaan warshadaha soo kabashada lithium-korontadu waxay la kulmi doonaan caqabadaha warshadaha ee soo socda: arrimo dhammaystiran, waxaanu xukumaynaa, mustaqbalka si dhakhso ah ayuu u qarxi karaa oo u tartami karaa jawiga suuqa mustaqbalka.

Shirkadaha dib-u-warshadaynta-lithium-korontada ee leh qalabaynta, waa inay lahaadaan sifooyinka soo socda: 1) Shabakadda dib-u-warshadaynta waa mid fiican. Shirkad kasta oo kheyraad dib u warshadeyn ah, dib-u-warshadaynta alaabta ceeriin ayaa had iyo jeer culeyskeeda ah, kaliya waxay dammaanad qaadaysaa tiro ku filan iyo kharashyo iibsi oo macquul ah si loo hubiyo faa&39;iidada shirkadaha dib-u-warshadaynta kheyraadka. Marxaladdan, dib-u-warshadaynta dhinac saddexaad ee xirfadda leh waxay ku liidataa kanaalada dib-u-warshadaynta batteriga, tiro badan oo alaabta ceeriin ah waxay ka yimaadaan qashinka geesaha batteriga iyo qofka oo soo kabanaya, awoodda gorgortanku waa daciif, mustaqbalka nidaamka dib-u-warshadaynta ayaa ah kan ugu horreeya ee sameeya faa&39;iido tartan dhab ah.

Awood koritaan weyn. 2) Macaamiisha wanaagsan. Sababo la xiriira go&39;aaminta aasaasiga ah ee soosaarayaasha baytariyada lithium-ka korantada, soosaarayaasha baytariyada lithium-ka ayaa labaduba ah alaab-qeybiyeyaasha baytariyada lithium-ka iyo shirkadaha dib-u-warshadaynta, iyo kaliya iskaashi wanaagsan oo ay la leeyihiin soosaarayaasha baytariyada lithium-ka ee waaweyn.

Ilaha batteriga ayaa sarreeya. Shuruudaha wax qabadku waxay dammaanad qaadi karaan horumarka wanaagsan ee shirkadaha dib u warshadaynta baytariyada lithium. 3) Xoog dhaqaale oo xoog leh.

Waqtigan xaadirka ah, warshadaha dib-u-warshadaynta kheyraadka guud ahaan waxaa lagu qaataa lacag caddaan ah oo lagu iibsanayo alaabada ceyriinka ah, shirkaduhuna waxay la kulmaan cadaadis lacageed oo weyn, lacag caddaan ah oo ku filan ayaa aasaas u ah xaqiijinta xasilloonida ganacsiga. 4) Ilaalinta deegaanka. Siyaasadda ilaalinta deegaanku aad ayay u adag tahay, iyo warshadaha dib u soo kabashada ee lithium-ec-cagaarka ugu wayn ee deegaanka u saaxiib ah waa deegaan ahaan.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa in la ogaadaa in soo kabashada kheyraadka guud ahaan ay wax ka qabato kheyraadka qashinka oo leh qiimo gaar ah, dalkaygu wuxuu leeyahay shirkado aan caqli-gal ahayn oo Shiinaha ah oo ku salaysan faa&39;iidada, iyada oo la adeegsanayo hab aan sharci ahayn si loola tacaalo kheyraadka qashinka, laakiin markeeda, deegaanku waa mid aad u dhib badan, iyo muddada dheer waxay ku xiran tahay siyaasaddu ma dhicin. 5) qaabaynta ka hor. Inkasta oo batteriga qashinka aan si rasmi ah loogu darin liiska khatarta ah, warshadaha ayaa laga hadlay, sababtoo ah noocyada kala duwan ee birta culus ee baytariyada lithium, ayaa la filayaa in lagu daro mustaqbalka dadka khatarta ah.

Cilmi-baarista muhiimka ah ee warshadaha.