Ta yaya BYD ke ba da garantin amincin batirin lithium-ion mai ƙarfi?

Mawallafi: Iflowpower -Mai Bayar da Tashar Wutar Lantarki

A cikin watan baya-bayan nan, sabbin hatsarurrukan amincin motoci na makamashi akai-akai. Bisa kididdigar da ba ta cika ba, kawai adadin motocin lantarki da suka faru a cikin watanni biyu na wannan shekarar, jimillar hadurran gobara a shekarar 2017 a duk tsawon shekarar 2017. Ya kamata a lura da cewa, da yawa daga cikin wadannan motoci masu amfani da wutar lantarki suna cikin hadarin gobara, akwai kuma yawancin batura lithium-ion masu ƙarfi.

Ana iya ganin cewa amincin batirin lithium-ion mai wutar lantarki yana da alaƙa da keɓaɓɓu da amincin mabukaci. Don haka, me yasa batirin lithium-ion ke ɗaukar motar lantarki? Wadanne matakan fakitin baturi suke yi? Wurin da ba a sarrafa shi ba shine gaskiya, ƙarfin baturin lithium-ion mai ƙarfi. Batirin lithium-ion yana da girma, kuma asalin yana faruwa ne ta hanyar zafin jiki daga rashin sarrafawa.

A halin yanzu, gine-ginen motocin lantarki masu tsafta har yanzu ba su da kyau sosai. Masu amfani sun dace da motocin lantarki masu tsabta. Ba shi da sauƙi isa ga keken mai.

Shin mabukaci ne ko sabon samfurin makamashi, akwai takamaiman buƙatu don rayuwar baturi. Don haka, akwai batirin lithium-ion mai nauyin Yuan uku wanda ke da nauyi mai nauyi da ƙarfi, yawancin sabbin kamfanonin motoci masu amfani da makamashi. Duk da haka, baturin lithium-ion mai girma uku yana da mummunar lahani, wanda ke da sauƙi don haifar da hadarin gobara bayan abin hawa ya yi karo, da kuma babba, ma'aunin zafi da zafi na baturin.

(Batir lithium iron phosphate ion da aka riga aka yi amfani da shi baya sauƙin farawa bayan karon, nauyin ya ɗan yi nauyi, ƙarfin ya ɗan ƙarami, don haka a hankali ya maye gurbinsa da baturin ion mai girma uku) a cikin motar lantarki mai tsabta, Tsarin baturi mai ƙarfi na lithium-ion ya ƙunshi nau'ikan ƙwayoyin baturi na lithium-ion mai ƙarfi, kuma babban adadin zafi yana tattare cikin ƙaramin akwati yayin aiki. Idan adadin kuzari ba zai iya watsewa cikin sauri cikin lokaci ba, ba wai kawai zai shafi rayuwar batirin lithium-ion mai ƙarfi ba, har ma da yanayin rashin ƙarfi na thermal, wanda hakan zai haifar da haɗari kamar fashewar wuta. Idan bisa ka'ida, akwai lokuta hudu na ka'idar thermal daga sarrafawa, wato, cin zarafi na inji, cin zarafin lantarki, zagi mai zafi, da gajerun hanyoyin ciki.

Mechanical cin zarafin shi ne cewa a lokacin da mota hadarin, saboda waje ƙarfi, da lithium-ion baturi cell, baturi ya lalace, da dangi matsuguni sassa daban-daban, sa baturi diaphragm ya yage da kuma faruwa na ciki short circuits. da kuma yayyan wutar lantarki daga qarshe yana haifar da gobara. A cikin cin zarafi na inji, lalacewar huda ya fi tsanani, yana iya haifar da mai gudanarwa ya saka jikin baturi, yana haifar da ingantacciyar sandar sandar madaidaiciya madaidaiciya. Kuma cin zarafin wutar lantarki yana faruwa ne ta hanyar rashin amfani da baturi, kuma yana da nau'ikan gajerun kewayawa na waje da yawa, ƙarin caji da wuce gona da iri.

Daga cikin su, saboda fitarwar canji ba ta da yawa, haɓakar wakilan tagulla da ke haifar da fitarwa mai yawa zai rage amincin baturi, don haka sabbin damar samun ƙarfi. Gudun gajeriyar kewayawa na waje shine sakamakon biyu daga cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan matsi guda biyu a cikin ainihin wutar lantarki. Lokacin da gajeriyar kewayawa ta waje ta faru, zafin baturin ba zai iya bazuwa da kyau ba, kuma zafin baturin zai tashi, kuma babban zafin da ke jawo zafi ya fita daga sarrafawa.

A ƙarshe, cajin da ya wuce kima wani nau'in cutarwa ne na cin zarafin lantarki. Saboda wuce haddi na lithium, crystal reshen lithium yana girma a saman anode. Kuma wuce gona da iri deinterling na lithium yana sa tsarin cathode ya fadi saboda zafi da sakin iskar oxygen.

Sakin iskar oxygen yana haɓaka bincike na electrolyte, babban adadin iskar gas. Saboda sabon matsa lamba na ciki, an buɗe bawul ɗin shaye-shaye, baturi ya fara shayewa. Bayan abu mai aiki a cikin baturi yana hulɗa da iska, wani abu mai ban mamaki ya faru, yana sanya zafi mai yawa, don haka ya sa fakitin baturi ya ƙone wuta.

Na gaba shine zagi mai zafi, wannan shine nuni ga zafi na gida a cikin baturi, wanda ba shi da ɗan zaman kansa sosai, sau da yawa ta hanyar cin zarafi na inji da lalata wutar lantarki, kuma lamari ne a cikin faɗakarwa kai tsaye. Zagi mai zafi gabaɗaya ya yi yawa don yanayin yanayi na waje, ko gajeriyar kewayawa sakamakon haɓakar zafi mai zafi ta hanyar tsarin sarrafa zafin jiki, don haka yana haifar da zafi daga sarrafawa. Daga ka'idar, karo, lalacewa, tsarin, aikin baturi, tsarin, aiki ko sauran tsarin kula da zafi, rashin nasarar tsarin kwandishan na iya haifar da zagi mai zafi.

A ƙarshe, ƙarancin ciki ne. Wannan yanayin yana faruwa ne ta hanyar tabbataccen alkalami mara kyau da mara kyau na baturi, yawanci lalacewa ta hanyar injiniyanci da zagi. Wurin gajeriyar da'ira na ciki yana faruwa ta hanyar hadaddun guda ɗaya, kamar wuce kima na cajin batirin lithium ion.

Tarin dendrites na iya haifar da huda diaphragm na baturi, ta haka cikin gajeriyar kewayawa ko karo, bayan lalacewar huda, wanda zai haifar da alaƙa mai kyau da mara kyau. Za a iya ganin cewa a hatsarin gobarar da motocin lantarki zalla ke yi, yawanci abubuwa guda hudu da ke sama ne ke haifar da su, kuma hadurran da ke faruwa a waje su ne manufa. Har ila yau, saboda wannan, ga masana'anta na baturi, zai haifar da hadarin wuta don faɗakarwa ko sama, wanda ba zai zama mai hankali ba kawai wajen sarrafa baturi, amma kuma yana gudanar da gwaje-gwajen gwaji.

Daga cikinsu, BYD ya cancanci yabo ta wannan fanni. BYD ta ba da garantin amincin baturi a cikin R&D, don kiyaye batirin, batir BYD an nisantar da shi don gujewa haɗari zuwa wani ɗan lokaci yayin bincike da haɓakawa. Batirin da ake amfani da shi a cikin motocin fasinja na BYD shine ainihin baturin lithium ion baturi, wanda kuma aka sani da baturin lithium ion mai girma uku, wanda ke nufin ingantaccen kayan lantarki ta amfani da nickel-cobalt-oxanate ko lithium nickel-cobalt-oxide.

Baturin lithium ion don abu mai kyau na ternary. Ingantattun kayan lantarki da batirin lithium-ion na BYD ke amfani da shi shine lithium nickel-cobalt-oxygen-melate, wanda yayi daidai da batirin lithium-cobalt-aluminate ion baturi, yayin da yawan makamashi ya fi girma, yana tabbatar da daidaiton baturi, kwanciyar hankali, don haka zai zama wanda aka fi so a cikin batirin lithium ion mai ƙarfin abin hawan mai amfani na yanzu. Koyaya, kwanciyar hankali na thermal na lithium nickel-cobalt-manganese acid ya fi na nickel-cobalt-aluminate, kuma rabon abun ciki na nickel kaɗan ne, kuma yana da kyau a sanya ma'auni na rayuwa da aminci yayin haɓaka ƙarfin kuzari.

Don haka, ya fi aminci azaman baturin lithium ion mai ƙarfi. Na biyu, batirin lithium-ion ya kasu kashi biyu manyan nau'ikan harsashi mai wuya da kuma jaka mai laushi bisa ga tantanin lantarki, kuma kayan harsashi mai ƙarfi yana da sha'awar harsashi na ƙarfe da harsashi na aluminum, jakar taushi kuma shine fim ɗin haɗaɗɗun aluminum-plastic. abu. Daga cikin su, harsashi mai wuya ya kasu kashi cylindrical da nau'in harsashi na murabba'i bisa ga tsari na sanduna masu kyau da mara kyau a cikin ciki.

A taƙaice, mafi yawan fakitin baturi iri uku ne, cylindrical, nau'in harsashi murabba'i da nau'in jaka mai laushi. BYD yana amfani da fakitin harsashi na aluminium murabba'i, wanda zai iya sanya kayan ciki na baturin da ƙarfi sosai, da ƙarancin harsashi na aluminum, ba sauƙin faɗaɗawa ba, don haka in mun gwada da aminci. Bugu da kari, square harsashi kunshin za a iya sanye take da wani fashewa, kuma idan akwai zafi hasãra, da fadada iska da aka saki daga kafaffen shugabanci na daraja, shi ne ba sauki shafi sauran baturi Kwayoyin.

Kuma saboda ana amfani da fakitin murabba'in, ratar tantanin halitta yana da ƙanƙanta sosai, kuma mahalli na aluminum yana da ɗan ƙaramin yawa, nauyin haske yana da haske, ƙarfin baturi na fakitin harsashi na iya zama mafi girma. Hakanan yana da kyau a faɗi cewa tsarin sarrafa baturi na BYD yana lura da yanayin baturi a ainihin lokacin, lokacin da yanayin baturi ya kasance mara kyau, bacewar zafi ko dumama ta hanyar kwandishan, yana tabbatar da amincin baturi da rayuwa. Kuma akan tsarin sarrafa zafin jiki na batirin lithium-ion mai ƙarfin wuta, fakitin batirin lithium ion baturi yana ƙara dumama baturi, aikin sanyaya, kuma a lokaci guda yana haɓaka sabon aikin insulation na zafin jiki, ta yadda baturin yayi aiki cikin yanayin zafi mai dacewa. iyaka, tsawaita rayuwar baturi.

Gwaje-gwaje masu tsauri sun fi kyau don tabbatar da amincin batir ana iya ganin abubuwan da ke sama, kuma batir na BYD sun ba da garantin amincin batir a samarwa R & D. Tabbas, don inganta lafiyar batirin, BYD ya kuma yi jerin gwaje-gwaje masu tsauri a lokacin R & D na baturin, kuma aikin gwajin ya kasance mai kyawawa don daidaita yanayin da masu amfani zasu iya haduwa a cikin amfanin yau da kullun. na masu amfani. Caji, gajeriyar kewayawa, matsi, acupuncture, wuta, da sauransu.

Gwajin wuce gona da iri yana da mahimmanci don kwaikwayi tsarin caji na yau da kullun na batirin lithium ion don tabbatar da aminci da amincin baturin. Wajibi ne a yi cajin halin yanzu da baturin ya kayyade, har sai fakitin baturi ko baturi na monomer ya kai ƙayyadadden ƙarfin lantarki har sai an cika cajin baturin. Sannan tsayawa, lura da baturin daidai da lokaci.

Kwaikwaiyon gwaji gazawar gajeriyar kewayawar baturi ce. A cikin gwaje-gwaje na gajeren lokaci, baturin lithium ion baturi na ciki zai wuce ta wani ɗan gajeren lokaci na yanzu, baturin yana haifar da gabaɗaya, bulging, bugun bawul ɗin aminci, da sauransu. , da dai sauransu.

Wajibi ne don aiwatar da ƙayyadadden yanayi (zazzabi na yau da kullun ko zafin jiki na yau da kullun), sanya baturin da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin akwatin tabbatar da fashewar, kuma ana yin gano simintin ɗan gajeren lokaci na waje na samfurin samfuri tare da samfurin samfurin don kammala kwaikwayo. Gano gajeriyar kewayawa ta waje. Manufar wannan gwaji shine inganta ko inganta fasaha, sabon amincin baturi da aminci.

Image017.jpg Extrusion Gwajin Don kwaikwaiyon hatsarori, lokacin da abin hawa ya lalace sosai, ana matse batir lokacin da baturi ya fita, kuma baturin ya lalace ta hanyar nakasar extrusion, ko haifar da ɓoyayyiyar haɗari kamar wuta, fashewa. Wajibi ne a sanya baturi na monomer ko na'urar baturi da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin gwaji a cikin na'urar aiki, kuma farantin extrusion na semi-cylindrical da aka ƙayyade ta radius yana daidai da saurin matsi na (51) mm / s a ​​cikin jagorancin baturi. polar farantin.

Matsayin ya kai ƙarfin lantarki na 0V?. Kuma kula da awa 1, gwajin yana buƙatar cewa baturin ba zai iya yin wuta ba, ba fashewa ba. Gwajin ya kuma kwaikwayi hatsarin lokacin da ake amfani da motar, wani abu mai kaifi ne ya huda batirin, kuma ta hanyar fasaha don kare jikin waje, gajeriyar da'ira na ciki, wanda ke haifar da boyayyun haɗari kamar gobara, fashewa.

An gudanar da gwajin a yanayin zafi na 20 ¡ã C ?? 5 ¡ã C, kuma sel da aka yi amfani da su a cikin ganowa an sanya su a kan kayan gwajin, kuma an soke mafi girman saman baturin tare da ƙaddarar girman allurar ƙarfe maras amfani. Matsayin tsakiya, gwajin yana buƙatar cewa baturin ba zai iya yin wuta ba, ba fashewa. Bayan gwajin wuta ya kwaikwayi fakitin baturi ko kuma an shigar da tsarin akan motar lantarki, motar lantarki ta tashi ba zato ba tsammani lokacin da motar lantarki ta kasance ƙasa mai zafi ko kuma wuta.

Yayin gwajin, lura da fakitin baturi ko tsarin a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, saboda yanayi daban-daban waɗanda zafin jiki ya ƙaru ba zato ba tsammani. A cikin gwajin, tsarin baturin wutar lantarki na lithium ion da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin kayan gwajin ana sanya shi a cikin na'urar gwajin da aka ƙayyade ko filin, kuma zafin da ake kashewa zai ci gaba da konewa, gwajin ba ya buƙatar fashewa, wuta, konewa, kuma babu wani tsire-tsire na wuta da ya rage. . Bugu da ƙari, BYD ya aiwatar da ƙarancin zafin jiki mai ɗorewa, babban zafin jiki mai dorewa, jiƙan ruwan gishiri, faɗuwa, da gano girgiza.

Ta hanyar kwatanta batirin Audi da tsarin gwaji, an san cewa batirin lithium ion baturi na BYD yana da aminci cikin aminci da ingancin samfur. BYD tsarkakakken batirin motar lantarki yana da aminci, rayuwa tana da tsayi, game da masu amfani, bayan tabbatar da amincin batir, amma ƙarin kulawa ga juriyar nisan motocin lantarki masu tsabta, yaya mil marar iyaka na motar lantarki mai tsabta? Anan mun zabi motocin BYD masu amfani da wutar lantarki zalla wadanda masu amfani da su suka saba da su, mu kalli yadda wadannan motocin ke da nisan mil mara iyaka. Yuan EV360, wanda shine jagoran SUV mai tsafta na matakin 100,000, ya sayar da raka'a 5008 a cikin Satumbar wannan shekara.

Ya isa ganin wannan motar tana son masu amfani. Wannan motar tana dauke da sabuwar batirin ion mai girma uku a cikin BYD. Adadin fakitin baturi shine 43.

2kW / h, kuma yawan makamashi shine 146.27Wh / kg. Rayuwar batirin da aka haɗa ta shine 305km, kuma a cikin 60km / h isometrics, Mileage kuma na iya kaiwa 360km.

BYD E5 a matsayin abin hawa na lantarki da aka fi sani da mabukaci, tallace-tallace na 4052 a watan Satumba, kuma wannan motar tana da batir lithium-ion mai girma uku. Matsakaicin fakitin baturi shine 60.48kw/h, kuma cikakken rayuwar batir 400M.

BYD Qin Proev yana aiki a matsayin sabuwar mota da aka jera kwanan nan, ƙarfin baturi 56.4kWh, kuma haɗaɗɗen rayuwar batir ɗin ta ya kai 420m. Ana iya gani daga waɗannan samfuran mafi kyawun siyarwar cewa BYD yana hawa baturin lithium-ion mai ƙarfi dangane da rayuwar baturi don saduwa da masu amfani.

Sharhin Edita: Yawancin kamfanonin batir da kamfanonin mota suna neman ƙarin ƙarfin kuzari don samun ƙarin tallafi, amma yin watsi da mafi mahimmancin halayen tsaro na batir lithium-ion mai ƙarfi, kuma hadurran da suka saba yi na baya-bayan nan kuma za su yi ƙarfin ion lithium. Tsaron baturi yana ɗauka sau ɗaya a fagen kallo. A matsayinsa na farko na kamfani a kasar Sin, kamfani na farko a kasar Sin, BYD ya kasance yana kiyaye babban matakin aminci yayin bunkasa batirin lithium-ion mai kuzari.

Kuma muna iya ganin duk tsattsauran bincike a cikin BYD a cikin tsarin sarrafa batir, wanda koyaushe yana sanya amincin masu amfani a farkon wuri. Don haka, sarrafa BYD abin dogaro ne.