Qinisa ukugaywa kabusha kwebhethri ye-lithium kufanele kube izinqubomgomo zeminyango kahulumeni

著者：Iflowpower – Lieferant von tragbaren Kraftwerken

Ngokwemibiko, abacwaningi beNational Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) yoMnyango Wezamandla wase-US bakhiphe umbiko wocwaningo, futhi izithiyo zezobuchwepheshe, zemakethe, zokuqondisa zamabhethri e-lithium-ion zadalwa futhi zahlaziywa. Izinhlelo zokugcina amandla kanye nezimoto zikagesi (EVs) manje ziyakhula esidingweni samabhethri e-lithium-ion. Kodwa-ke, umjikelezo wempilo yamanje webhethri ucishe uqondiswe ngendlela efanayo, kusukela ekukhiqizeni kuye ekusetshenzisweni kuye ekulahlekeni, cishe aliphinde lisetshenziswe noma ligaywe kabusha.

Umhlaziyi we-NREL uthe kunendawo eyodwa kuphela yokugaywa kabusha kwebhethri ye-lithium-ion namuhla. Ukuze kucutshungulwe kabusha umjikelezo wempilo yebhethri unidirectional, ithimba le-NREL lihlola ukukhiqizwa nokugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri e-lithium ion aphezulu asetshenziswa ezimotweni zikagesi nezinhlelo zokugcina amandla ebhethri. Bathola ukuthi ukuphinda kusetshenziswe futhi kugaywe kabusha amabhethri kungadala amathuba amaningi emakethe yase-US, kusimamise amaketango okunikezwa kwamabhethri, kunciphise umthelela wemvelo, futhi kukhulule izimo eziqinile zezinsiza.

Baphinde bathola ukuthi umnotho oyindilinga uzothola inani elithe xaxa ohlelweni lokugcina amandla ebhethri. Izinto zebhethri zizosetshenziswa kabusha, zigaywe kabusha noma zilungiswe izikhathi eziningi. Abacwaningi abayizithiyo ezintathu bakhomba, ubuchwepheshe, ingqalasizinda.

Inqubo iyisithiyo ekugayweni kabusha kwebhethri ye-lithium ion yamanje. Isibonelo, idizayini nokwakheka kwamabhethri e-lithium ion kuyahlukahluka kuye ngomkhiqizi, okwenza kube nzima ukuklama ukugeleza okujwayelekile ukuze kusetshenziswe ngendlela ephumelelayo noma kusetshenziswe kabusha izinto zebhethri. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ulwazi lokuthembeka komphakathi luncane mayelana nesimo noma ubuningi bebhethri ye-lithium-ion, noma okunye ukusetshenziswa.

Abahlaziyi batusa ucwaningo, ukuthuthukiswa, ukuhlaziya kanye nezinyathelo zokukhuthaza ezixhaswa uhulumeni wase-US, kanye nokushintshisana ngolwazi ukuze kwandiswe ulwazi nokukhuthaza ukutshalwa kwezimali kwangasese. Ngokusho kocwaningo lwabo, umhlaziyi we-NREL uqokomise imithetho ekhona engase ithinte ukufakwa kwebhethri ye-lithium-ion kanye negridi yamandla. Inhloko yephrojekthi yophenyo, umhlaziyi we-NREL u-TaylorCurtis uthe, i-California noma i-New York nezinye izifundazwe zibuyekeza imithethonqubo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izidingo ezixhunywe kugridi zifanele izinhlelo zokugcina amandla ebhethri.

UCurtis uveze ukuthi: “Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi imithetho yokuxhuma igridi ayimiselwe uhlelo lokugcina amandla, lokhu kuyinqubekelaphambili enkulu. “Imithetho yokuhlukaniswa kukadoti wamabhethri ibhekene nenye inselele. Namanje akukacaci ukuthi angawachaza kanjani amabhethri e-lithium-ion asethathe umhlalaphansi ngokusekelwe kumithetho ye-scrap.

NgoJulayi 2020, uhulumeni wobumbano wase-US awunayo inqubomgomo ehilela ngokuqondile ukuhoxiswa kwamasistimu okugcina amandla ebhethri, futhi awukho umthethonqubo wokuphoqelela noma ukujabulisa ukusetshenziswa kabusha noma ukugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion. Ngokuvamile, ibhethri le-lithium-ion eselathatha umhlalaphansi livame ukubhekwa njengemfucuza eyingozi, futhi imithethonqubo iphinde ihluke e-United States Judicial jurisdiction, futhi inhlangano kanye nabantu abangathobeli imithetho bangabhekana nezijeziso. Isijeziso ezifundazweni ezithile, ukwephulwa kwemfucuza eyingozi noma iziqondiso kuqinile kunemithetho yenhlangano yase-US.

Isibonelo, umbiko uthi ngamabomu noma ukuntuleka kokwephulwa komthetho noma iziqondiso zaseCalifornia, futhi ukwephula kungahlawuliswa u-$70,000 ngosuku. Umbiko uthe uMnyango Wokuvikela Imvelo wase-US wenze ezinye izindlela zokugada zokugaywa kabusha kwezinto ezifana namabhethri e-lead-acid. Inhloso yale mithetho ukukhuthaza ukuqoqwa kanye nokugaywa kabusha kwemfucuza eyingozi.

Umbiko wenhlolovo ye-NREL uveze ukuthi ukutholwa okusebenzayo kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion kungadambisa ukukhathazeka kwabantu mayelana nesibopho sezemvelo, kwenze kube ukonga kakhudlwana ukubuyisela okuhle kakhulu. .