Ubani ozoxazulula ukugaywa kabusha kwebhethri?

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - ପୋର୍ଟେବଲ୍ ପାୱାର ଷ୍ଟେସନ୍ ଯୋଗାଣକାରୀ

"Izinyathelo Zesikhashana Zokuphathwa Kwebhethri Entsha Yamandla Ezimoto Zamandla Kagesi" zizosetshenziswa kusukela ngo-Agasti 1 kulo nyaka, abakhiqizi bezimoto bamanje, abakhiqizi bebhethri ye-lithium-ion abanamandla basembonini yokugaywa kabusha ukuze babekwe. I-ejensi ilindele ukuthi imakethe yokugaywa kabusha kwebhethri ye-lithium-ion izoqala ukuvela ngo-2018, futhi isikali singafinyelela ku-5 billion yuan. Uma imboni ifika, ingabe imboni isimi ngomumo ngempela? Intengo inzima ukufaka isiteshi esifanele sokugaya kabusha ithrekhi.

“Umuntu ongaphakathi embonini uthe. Ngo-2018, izwe lami lamukela isikhathi sokuqala sokuphakama kwebhethri ye-lithium-ion yamandla. Ngokusho kwedatha, kulindeleke ukuthi ibhethri le-lithium-ion eliguquguqukayo lokuthatha umhlalaphansi lika-2018 libe ngu-5.

I-14GWH, kuya ku-2023, ibhethri le-lithium-ion eselithathe umhlalaphansi elinamandla lizofinyelela ku-48.09GWH. Lawa mabhethri e-lithium-ion ashukumisayo asekelwe kudoti, njengokulahlwa ngendlela engafanele, awagcini nje ngokuba nezingozi ezinkulu zemvelo nokuvikeleka ezifihliwe, kodwa futhi abangela ukumoshwa kwezinsiza ezibalulekile.

Izifudumezi zamanzi zaseChunjiang, inhloko-dolobha yezimboni ephunga amathuba ebhizinisi. Izikhungo ezihlobene zasekhaya zibikezela ukuthi isikali semakethe yokugaywa kabusha esidalwe amabhethri e-lithium-ion asekelwe kudoti singafinyelela kuma-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-5 ngo-2018. 2020 - 2023 izofinyelela ku-6.

5 billion yuan kuya ku-150 billion. Idatha ibonisa ukuthi isibalo sezinkampani ezigaya kabusha ibhethri ye-lithium-ion ngo-2018 senyuke ngokushesha, futhi singaphezu kwama-400 ngoMashi 2018. Inombolo yezinkampani zebhethri ze-lithium-ion ezintsha zamandla engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2018 iyafana ne-2016.

Imakethe isanda kudingekile ukwanda kancane kancane, futhi inqubomgomo kazwelonke ibuye idlale "i-punch ehlanganisiwe" futhi yaqinisa ukuphathwa okuhlanganisiwe kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion ashukumisayo. Ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, izinkonzo eziyisikhombisa zizomemezela "Izinyathelo Zesikhashana Zokuphatha I-New Energy Automobile Power Battery Recycling", zigcizelela ukuqaliswa kwesistimu yokwandisa umthwalo womkhiqizi, edinga inkampani yokukhiqiza izimoto ukuthi ithathe umthwalo wemfanelo oyinhloko wokugaywa kabusha kwebhethri yokugcina amandla, le ndlela izoba kusukela ngo-Agasti 1 kulo nyaka Ukuqalisa. Isibikezelo semboni, ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe obuhlobene, isimemezelo senqubomgomo sizosheshisa, namazinga afanele okucolisiswa azomenyezelwa.

Kodwa-ke, ukwakhiwa kwamashaneli ebhethri e-lithium-ion ashukumisayo akulona ithemba. U-Zhang Ying, unobhala-jikelele we-Renewable Resources Recycling Association yezwe lami, uthe ukuvuselelwa kwebhethri yemoto yamandla entsha kusanda kuqala, amabhethri amaningi abikwayo awazange angene eziteshini ezivamile, ukuntuleka kwemakethe kwezimiso. Njengoba imboni isendle, inani elikhulu lezinkampani zezimoto zinenani eliphezulu, okwenza iningi lamabhethri e-lithium-ion aguquguqukayo alahleke ahluleka ukugeleza eziteshini zokwelashwa ezisemthethweni, futhi ukwelashwa kwangempela kuyakhathaza.

“Eminyakeni emibili edlule sasayina isivumelwano nezimoto eziningi sathola ukuthi ibhethri alikho ezandleni zabo. Ibanga phakathi kwemoto elahliwe nemboni yezimoto likude, nendlela yokubuyela embonini yezimoto ngemva kokudilizwa, yiyona nkinga okufanele kuxoxwe ngayo. “Abangaphakathi baveze ukuthi indlela yokusungula inethiwekhi yokugaywa kabusha yindaba esemqoka yebhizinisi lokugaywa kabusha, umphumela wesilinganiso kuphela ozayo, ukuhamba kwemali yenkampani, uhlelo lokuhlinzeka ngezinto ezingavuthiwe kanye nohlelo lokuphuma komkhiqizo olungazinza.

Iladi lisebenzisa ukungahambi kahle kuholela ekululameni okuhle kwebhethri le-lithium-ion elingaguquki ukuze lisetshenziswe futhi livuselelwe ngokuya ngezinga le-scrap. Iladi lisebenzisa izinsalela ezilula, ezingasetshenziswa ezintweni zokugcina amandla nasezimotweni zikagesi ezinesivinini esiphansi. Ngemva kokusetshenziswa kweladi, ibhethri izofinyelela izinga lokuhlehla kwesibili elizongena kusixhumanisi esisebenzisekayo esivuselelekayo.

Ukusetshenziswa kokuvuselela kungokwezicucu ezinzima, ngendlela yamakhemikhali yokukhipha impahla ye-electrode yensimbi ehloniphekile njenge-lithium, i-cobalt, nokufeza inhloso yokukhiqiza kabusha. Njengamanje, izinkampani eziningi ezizimele zezimoto zohlobo lwesakhiwo. I-BYD, Beiqi amandla amasha, ubhontshisi wokufunda nezinye izinkampani zezimoto zethule isakhiwo emkhakheni wabadayisi.

Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi kunomehluko ekusetshenzisweni kwemikhiqizo ezimele, futhi umkhiqizo ohlanganyelwe uthambekele kakhulu "ekweqeni" umthengisi, faka ngqo isixhumanisi sokusetshenziswa esivuselelekayo. Njengoba i-Ningde Times iphethe inkampani engaphansi, i-Bangpu yenze iningi le-Ningde Times ifakwe umsebenzi onamandla wokuvuselela ibhethri ye-lithium-ion emotweni entsha yamandla yaseJalimane. U-Yu Navy, umphathi jikelele we-Hunan Bangu Auto Circular Company, uthe izinyathelo eziphathelene nobunikazi bomuntu siqu zisebenza kakhulu, kodwa izinkampani eziningi zezimoto ezihlangene azivumi ukugunyaza ukusetshenziswa okulinganayo.

Ngenxa yokuthi ukusetshenziswa kwesitebhisi sebhethri kusewukucubungula imikhiqizo yebhethri, kufanele kwenziwe ngokuhambisana nezidingo namazinga embonini yokucubungula nokukhiqiza ibhethri, kanye nokugcinwa kwekhwalithi yezinto ezingavuthiwe, ukulawulwa komkhiqizo, ukuqinisekiswa komkhiqizo kanye newaranti yokuthengisa ngemva kokuthengisa. Kodwa-ke, imakethe ebizwa ngesinyathelo ngesinyathelo ayinawo amazinga okuthola, ubuchwepheshe bokubikezela impilo, nesitifiketi somkhiqizo, futhi ayikho iwaranti yokuthola. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubunzima besitebhisi buwukuthi inkinga yokungaguquguquki kwebhethri ayikwazi ukuxazululwa ngokuphinda kufaniswe ukuhlukahluka, ukusebenza, ukucaciswa, kanye nezindlela ze-polarization zebhethri ngalinye lomthengisi.

Ngenxa yokuthi isilinganiso esincane, umzila wokugaywa kabusha awuphelele, okuholela ekubuyiseni okungazinzile kwempahla eluhlaza, ezinye izinkampani zithole ukuthi izinkampani zomfelandawonye zinokungahambi kahle. “Ukhona umuntu oneziqu, akekho noyedwa oqokiwe. “Izinkampani eziningi ezinesitebhisi zisebenzisa ibhizinisi lokugaywa kabusha, uma kucutshungulwa ubuchwepheshe, ukuphepha, ngokwenqubo evamile yokukhiqiza ibhethri, iledi okwamanje lisesigabeni sokulahlekelwa.

Abantu bemboni abangafuni ukudalulwa bakhombisa ukuthi isilinganiso seminyaka yokuphila kweladi endaweni yokugcina amandla yiminyaka eyi-9 futhi singazuza inzuzo ngonyaka wesithupha. Kodwa-ke, uma izitebhisi eziningi ezingalawulwa zisebenzisa izinkampani, izitebhisi eziningi ezingalawulwa zizoba nezinzuzo eziningi ngesikhathi esifushane. Isibonelo, okwamanje kunamabhethri amaningi asekhaya asethathe umhlalaphansi abe nenzuzo enkulu ezimotweni zikagesi ezinesivinini esiphansi, ukushaja amagugu nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.

Ukuba khona kwendawo empunga. "Imboni eshiwo ngenhla abantu bathe," Amanye amagugu ashajayo avela kumabhethri asetshenziselwe amasekeni, futhi namanye amabhethri azalwa angafakwa emaphaketheni amahle ngokucubungula okulula, lesi isitebhisi esiningi esingajwayelekile. "Okwamanje, kuyimpahla elula, ukwenza iladi, futhi kuyimpahla enzima.

Izinkampani eziningi ezintsha zisebenzisa isitebhisi noma ukusetshenziswa kabusha, zingabheki izindlela ezicacile, eziqondile zobuchwepheshe kanye namamodeli ebhizinisi abengaphuphutheki. "I-Yu Navy ikholelwa lokho" kusho ukusetshenziswa kwesinyathelo ngesinyathelo akulula ukuthenga. Uma ubala umjikelezo wakho wokuphila, ukukhishwa kwegesi, izindleko zamandla, inqobo nje uma inqubekelaphambili yobuchwepheshe, intengo yeyunithi entsha izoqhubeka ihamba yonke indlela.

Ngaphansi kwethrendi yezintengo zensiza, inzuzo ephelele yezindleko kanye nesilinganiso semiphumela yezomnotho yokusetshenziswa kokuvuselela izoba sobala kakhulu ngaphansi kwethrendi yezintengo zensiza. "" Ingxoxo yamanje iyiminyaka engu-5-18 kamuva. Ngokuncipha okusheshayo kwezindleko zebhethri, imboni yezimoto izimisele kakhulu ukuthenga ibhethri elisha, futhi iladi lingase lingabi khona.

“Kusho imboni. Uma izindleko ziphezulu, uhlelo lokugaywa kabusha ludinga ukuthuthukisa ochwepheshe bathi into ebaluleke kakhulu evimbela ukugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion ashukumisayo ukuthi isitokwe semakethe asikabi sikhulu ngokwanele. Ukugeleza kokutakula kuhlakazeke kakhulu.

Akwenzi ukucubungula kwesikali, okuholela ezindlekweni eziphelele. Kusukela esimeni samanje, inqubo yokugaywa kabusha kwezindleko zebhethri ibalulekile okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kochwepheshe, ukupakishwa okuchwepheshile, ukugcinwa kwempahla nokuthutha okuchwepheshile, ukuphathwa kwemvelo, ukuthuthukiswa kwemishini yobuchwepheshe, intela yabasebenzi, ukwehla kwenani. Ukwengeza, izixhumanisi zokugcina nokusabalalisa azibushelelezi ngokwanele, futhi uhlelo lokugaywa kabusha ludinga ukuthuthukiswa.

Njengamanje, kuqhamuke i-prototype yephethini ye-lithium-ion yokutakula ibhethri eliguquguqukayo, engahlukaniswa cishe nge-Jinchuan, Shanqi Co., Ltd. Ukukhokha, Izinto zikagesi ze-Lithium, ezimelwe ngu-Huawager, kanye ne-lithium ku-Lithium.

Umnyango wokugaywa kabusha wenkampani yangaphandle omelwe ummeleli wemoto yonke kanye ne-Bon Po, Greenmei. "Izinkampani eziphethe iphakethe lebhethri, ngenxa yesixhumanisi sokuhlola esiyinhloko, ungathola umlando webhethri, ubikezele ngokunembile impilo yebhethri, ngaleyo ndlela ulawule izindleko. “Kuhlaziywe abangaphakathi embonini, amabhizinisi ezimoto azimisele ukuthatha elinye igxathu eliya phambili embonini - asungule ifektri ye-PACK.

I-Pack Factory ingakwazi ukubuyisela ibhethri ngokusebenzisa amashaneli amasha okuthengisa izimoto zamandla, ibona ibhethri, isikrini. Ibhethri elingasetshenziswa yibhethri lingasethwa kabusha, futhi ibhethri alikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukuphathisa inkampani egaywa kabusha. Ngakho-ke, iningi labakhiqizi bezimoto bazimisele kakhulu ukukhetha iladi, kodwa ukuhlehliswa kwalo modeli kuwukuqhathanisa nomthombo wesiteshi.

Ukuze ukwazi ukuzivumelanisa nokuminyana okukhulu kwamandla ebhethri, umzila webhethri we-lithium-ion wamandla uguqulwa ngokushesha usuka ku-lithium iron phosphate uye kokokusebenza kwe-ternary. Uhlelo Lukazwelonke Lwe-863 Lokonga Amandla kanye Ne-New Energy Automobile Major Project Overall Ingcweti u-Xiao Chengwei ulindele ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwamabhethri abalulekile angama-yuan amathathu kuzodlula ukukhiqizwa kwamabhethri e-ion ion ye-lithium iron phosphate ngo-2018. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-lithium iron phosphate, okuqukethwe kwe-nickel yensimbi ebalulekile, i-cobalt ne-manganese ku-ternary material yi-12%, 3% kanye no-5%, ngokulandelana, nengqikithi yensimbi efika ku-47%, enenani eliphezulu lokubuyisela kanye nokusetshenziswa kabusha.

Ngakho-ke, ukumoswa kwensiza yebhethri yama-yuan amathathu ngokuyisisekelo kuvuthiwe ngemodeli yenzuzo yezohwebo. Ngokusho kwabantu abangafuni ukuduma, ngokusho kwesilinganiso samanani samanje, izindleko zokubuyisela ibhethri lama-yuan amathathu ebhethri ye-lithium-ion enamandla ingaba nenzuzo ku-28,000 yuan / ton; futhi izindleko zokubuyisela i-lithium iron phosphate ziyizigidi ezingu-0.5 / ton.

Njengamanje, ukulahlekelwa okuningi kwenkampani. Ngokungafani nebhethri lama-yuan amathathu, imodeli yenzuzo yebhizinisi elivuthiwe ihlukile, futhi umnotho webhethri ye-lithium iron phosphate ion ukuphazamisa inkinga enkulu yenkampani. Mayelana nalokhu, u-Xie Shaozhong, umphathi jikelele weWu Feng Cai Technology Co.

, Ltd., wathi: "Manje &39;iyadla" isimo samanje sayo yonke imboni. Njengamanje, ibhethri ye-ion ye-lithium iron phosphate embonini ise-lithium-life, kodwa sisadla uhhafu ogcwele.

Ngoba kuyadingeka ukuba nebhethri elahliwe kakhulu, ibhethri ye-ion ye-lithium iron phosphate, futhi isikali siyisici esibalulekile esingathuthukisa ukusebenza komnotho. Uma wonke umuntu enza, akulona inani, inkinga kulesi sigaba. "Kusukela endleleni yokuthuthukiswa kwamabhethri asekhaya, ibhethri ye-ion ye-lithium iron phosphate ingaphambili, ubuchwepheshe buvuthiwe, busetshenziswa kabanzi ezimotweni zezentengiselwano.

Kodwa-ke, ukulahleka kwebhethri kuyashesha kakhulu, ngakho-ke isikhathi sokulahlwa sincike kakhulu ebhethri le-ternary. Njengamanje, ukubuyiselwa kwe-lithium iron phosphate kanye ne-lithium manganenate kuyaphuthuma ukuxhasa ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni. “Ungoti.

.