Ukukhumbula ngokuthe ngqo unobangela wokuqhuma kwebhetri ye-lithium ion

著者：Iflowpower – Lieferant von tragbaren Kraftwerken

Umgaqo webhetri ye-lithium ion ibhetri ye-lithium ion ibalulekile kwi-electrode efanelekileyo, i-electrode engalunganga, i-diaphragm, kunye ne-electrolyte. I-electrode e-positive kunye ne-negative layer ihlanganiswe ngokuqinileyo kunye, kwaye umaleko uhlukaniswe kumaleko, kwaye i-positive kunye ne-negative ifakwe kwi-electrolyte. Iibhetri ze-Cylindrical kunye neebhetri zesikwere zisetyenziswe njengebhetri ye-lithium ion ibhetri yesakhiwo, equlethwe ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ze-lithium-insert compounds, zilungile kwaye zibi.

Izinto ze-node zibalulekile kwinguqu ye-oxide yensimbi, i-oxides yensimbi, i-sulfides yensimbi, kunye nokunye okunjalo. Izinto zokurhweba ze-electrode ezixhaphakileyo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiibhetri ze-lithium-ion zezona zinto zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-anode ye-transition metal oxides ezibalulekileyo izinto ezingenayo i-metallic, i-metal-non-metallic composites, i-oxides zetsimbi, kunye nokunye okunjalo. I-Lithium iron phosphate igqunywe Izinto ze-electrode electrode zenziwe kwizinto eziqhubayo zigqiba amandla ombane kunye nomthamo we-electrolyte yebhetri njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo yebhetri ye-lithium ion, kwaye idlala usetyenziso olubalulekileyo lokudluliselwa kwangoku ngexesha lokuhlawulwa kwebhetri kunye nokukhupha.

Ukuze kuthintelwe izinto ezintle kunye ezimbi ze-electrode ezifakwe kwi-electrolyte ngenxa yomnye nomnye, i-diaphragm efanelekileyo kunye nembi ye-electrolytic diaphragm iyahlukana. Ibhetri yesibini ye-lithium ion ngokwenene ibhetri engalunganga kugxininiso lwe-lithium ion. ukutshaja I-LI ithathwa kwi-electrode efanelekileyo, kwaye i-electrode engafanelekanga ifakwe kwi-electrode engafanelekanga, i-electrode efanelekileyo ikwimo ye-lithium, intlawulo yembuyekezo yee-electron inikezelwa yisekethe yangaphandle ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulingana kwentlawulo.

Ukukhutshwa kuhambelana nokukhutshwa, kwaye i-Li isuswe kwi-electrode engafanelekanga kwaye ifakwe kwizinto ze-cathode nge-electrolyte. Ngaphantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokutshaja kunye nokukhupha, i-ion ze-lithium zifakwe kwaye zisuswe phakathi kwezixhobo zekhabhoni ezicwangcisiweyo kunye nezakhiwo ezinqamlekileyo, ezibangela kuphela utshintsho kwisithuba somgangatho wezinto ngaphandle kokonakalisa isakhiwo sabo se-crystal. Ngexesha lokuhlawula kunye nenkqubo yokukhupha, isakhiwo sekhemikhali sezinto ezingalunganga ze-electrode azitshintshi ngokusisiseko.

I-ion reaction equation iyanda ingenakwenzeka ukongeza amanyathelo okhuseleko ngaphakathi kwebhetri, njengoko ngoku ilandela umthamo ophezulu wokunyusa ubomi bebhetri. Ukususela ngo-1991, ibhetri ye-lithium-ion ithengiswa ngoku, amandla ombane weebhetri ze-lithium-ion wongeze amaxesha amane okanye amahlanu ukuqhuma kwebhetri ye-lithium-ion. Ngoko siyayiqonda indlela esebenza ngayo, ngoko sinokuqonda oko kubangelwa yi-lithium ion.

Ukudubula kwebhetri. Ukuhlawula kunye nokukhutshwa kwe-lithium yesebe ye-crystal ukukhula kwebhetri kukubuyisela ukubuyiswa kwee-ion ze-lithium. Ngexesha lokutshaja, i-lithium ion iyancitshiswa ibe yintsimbi ye-lithium efakwe kwi-electrode engalunganga.

Ngokubanzi, i-lithium inokufakwa kwi-interlayer structure, enokuthi ikhule kumphezulu we-electrode ngenxa yokungaqiniseki kokukhula, kwaye umaleko wokukhula unesakhiwo esifanayo esihlatyiweyo njengesebe, elinokonakalisa i-diaphragm yebhetri, kubangele isiphaluka esifutshane ngaphakathi kwebhetri. Kwaye ukuqhuma kwebhetri. Ukuba kukho isiphene kwibhetri, amasuntswana esinyithi adibanisa i-electrode engalunganga ngokusebenzisa i-insulating layer yebhetri, ukutshintsha isalathiso sangoku, kubangela ukuba izinto zangaphakathi zihlambuluke, zivumela ukusabela kweekhemikhali, ukukhulula ubushushu obuninzi, ukutshisa ibhetri yephakheji yebhetri Ukutshaja ibhetri yethu yangoku kunenkqubo yokukhusela esondla umbane webhetri umva ukuthintela ukutshajiswa, okunokubangela ukutshaja, ukonakala kwebhetri inkqubo yokutshaja okanye ukutshaja ibhetri ishiya ibhetri. Qhubeka ukususwa kwaye ufakwe kwizinto ezimbi ze-electrode.

Ukuba ubuninzi be-lithium efakwe kwi-carbon negative electrode, i-lithium engaphezulu iya kufakwa kwizinto ezimbi ze-electrode ngendlela ye-lithium metal, yanciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kokuzinza kwebhetri. Nokuba ukuqhuma kuhambelana nebhetri ye-lithium-ion, kungekhona nje ukuba umthamo webhetri uphuculwe, kodwa ukusebenza kokhuseleko akunakungahoywa. Ngoku abanye abavelisi beebhetri banomgangatho ophezulu wokhuseleko, nokuba babone iibhetri.

Siyaqonda ukuba xa isikhonkwane singena ebhetri, siya kudibanisa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-negative negative, eya kubangela iisekethe ezimfutshane zangaphakathi. Ijeli ye-electrolyte kunye ne-polymer electrolyte zikwaphononongwa ngakumbi, ngakumbi uphuhliso lwe-polymer electrolyte, akukho volatilization ye-electrolyte engamanzi ebhetri, ephucula kakhulu ukhuseleko lwebhetri.