Tignoolajiyada dib-u-soo-nooleynta ee baytariyada lithium ion qashinka: tignoolajiyada dib-u-warshadaynta qoyan ayaa inta badan ah

Qore:Iflowpower - Iibiyaha Saldhigga Korontada ee la qaadan karo

Tignoolajiyada soo kabashada baytariyada lithium-ion qashinka tignoolajiyada kheyraadka baytariyada lithium-ion waa maaddooyinka ku jira batariyada qashinka ee lithium-ion, marka loo eego fiisigiskooda, sifooyinka kiimikada, kala soocida. Guud ahaan, habka soo kabashada oo dhan ayaa loo qaybiyaa 4 qaybood: (1) Qaybta daawaynta ka hor; (2) hagaajinta walxaha korantada; (3) dheecaanka birta saamiga; (4) nadiifinta kiimikada. Inta lagu jiro habka soo kabashada, marka loo eego habka soo saarista kala duwan, tignoolajiyada soo kabashada ee baytariyada lithium ion waxaa loo qaybin karaa saddex qaybood: (1) tignoolajiyada soo kabashada qalalan; (2) Farsamada soo kabashada qoyan; (3) Farsamada soo kabashada noolaha.

Dib-u-warshadaynta qalalan ee muhiimka ah waxaa ka mid ah kala-soocidda farsamada iyo xalalka kulaylka sare (ama heerkulka sare ee birta). Habka dib-u-warshadaynta qalalan waa mid gaaban, iyo dib-u-warshadaynta badan ee la beegsaday maaha mid xooggan. Waa marxalad horudhac ah oo lagu gaarayo soo kabashada birta.

Waxaa muhiim ah in la tixraaco habka dib u soo celinta walxaha ama saamiga walxaha ama mudnaanta walxaha, taas oo muhiim ah in bateriga lagu jajabiyo habka kala-soocidda jirka iyo xalalka kulaylka sare, ama qaybinta heerkulka sare si meesha looga saaro walxaha organic si dib-u-warshadaynta Cunsurka dheeraadka ah. Tiknoolajiyada dib-u-warshadaynta qoyan waa mid aad u dhib badan, laakiin heerka soo kabashada birta qiimihiisu waa sarreeyaa, waxaana hadda muhiim ah in la daweeyo batari nikkel qashinka ah iyo baytari lithium-ion. Farsamooyinka soo kabashada qoyan waa metastasis, waxayna u wareejiyaan ion birta walxaha elektiroonigga ah ee dhexdhexaadka ah, ka dibna beddelka ion, roobab, adsorption, iwm.

Soo saarista xalka. Tignoolajiyada soo kabashada noolaha waxay leedahay qiimo jaban, wasakh yar, dib loo isticmaali karo, waana jihada ugu fiican ee tignoolajiyada soo kabashada baytariyada lithium-ion mustaqbalka. Farsamooyinka soo kabashada noolaha ayaa muhiim ah in la isticmaalo leaching microbial, beddelo qaybaha waxtarka leh ee nidaamka galay xeryahooda milmi iyo xulashada milaan, si aad u hesho xal ka kooban biraha wax ku ool ah, xaqiijinta qaybta bartilmaameedka iyo qaybaha wasakhda, iyo ugu dambeyntii kabashada birta lithium.

Waqtigan xaadirka ah, cilmi-baaris ku saabsan tignoolajiyada soo kabashada noolaha ayaa hadda bilaabatay, ka dibna si tartiib tartiib ah u xalliya beerista noocyada waxtarka sare leh, dhibaatooyinka xilliyeed, iyo arrimaha xakamaynta ee la xiriira xaaladaha leaching. Laga soo bilaabo nidaamka habka soo kabashada, tallaabada ugu horreysa: habka daaweynta ka hor, ujeeddadeedu waa in marka hore la kala saaro qaybta qiimaha ee baytarigii hore ee lithium ion, si wax ku ool ah oo door ah u kobciya qalabka elektaroonigga ah, iwm, si loo fududeeyo habka dib-u-warshadaynta ee soo socota ayaa si fiican u socota.

Habka daawaynta ka hor guud ahaan waxa uu isku daraa burburin, shiidid, baadhis, iyo kala goyn jidheed. Hababka daawaynta ka hor ee muhiimka ah waxaa ka mid ah: (1) dallacaadda hore; (2) kala-soocidda farsamada; (3) daaweynta kulaylka; (4) xalalka alkali; (5) kala dirid dareere; (6) gacan-ku-furid, iwm. Talaabada 2: Kala saarida alaabta.

Marxaladda pretreatment waa la hodmay si aad u hesho walxaha electrode isku dhafan ee electrode togan iyo electrode taban, si loo kala saaro wada-soo kabashada ee Co, Li, iwm, xulashada soo saaro walxaha electrode isku dhafan. Habka kala-soocidda walxaha waxa kale oo loo qaybin karaa tignoolajiyada kala soocidda ee soo kabashada qalalan, soo kabashada qoyan iyo soo kabashada noolaha: (1) dheecaanka aashitada inorganic; (2) Biyometric leaching; (3) Dheejinta kiimikada makaanikada.

Tallaabada 3: Sifaynta kiimikada Shaygeedu waa in la kala saaro oo la nadiifiyo biraha kala duwan ee qiimaha sare leh ee xalka lagu helo habka leaching. Xalka leaching wuxuu ka kooban yahay walxo badan sida Ni, Co, Mn, Fe, Li, Al iyo Cu, halkaas oo Ni, Co, Mn, Li ay tahay curiye bir ah oo muhiim ah.

Ka dib marka la hagaajiyo pH, xulashada Al iyo Fe ayaa la doortaa, iyo walxaha sida Ni, Co, Mn, iyo Li ee ku jira leach si dheeraad ah ayaa loo sii farsameeyaa. Hababka dib-u-warshadaynta sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo waxay leeyihiin roobab kiimikaad, falanqaynta milixda, habka beddelka ion, habka soo saarista iyo habka electrodeposition. Dariiqyada farsamada iyo isbeddellada baytariyada lithium-ion ee xoogga leh ee guriga iyo dibedda: Habka qoyan iyo heerkulka sare ee pyrolysis waa isbarbardhigga guud ee ajnabiga caadiga ah ee soo kabashada batteriga dib-u-warshadaynta geeddi-socodka dib-u-warshadaynta waa la heli karaa, hadda habka soo kabashada batteriga ee lithium-ion waa qoyan Geedi socodka iyo weedha heerkulka sare waa ugu weyn, iyo qayb weyn ayaa lagu maalgeliyay marxaladda wax soo saarka warshadaha.

Lithium-ka soo kabashada dhaqaalaha, soosaarayaasha batteriga is-difaacida ama nooc-kala-diridda qolo saddexaad ayaa hadda ah tan ugu weyn tan iyo 2015, iyadoo dillaacay warshadaha gawaarida tamarta cusub, iyo jihada agabka batteriga (ee jihada agabka ternary nikkel sare) Horumarinta), qiimaha cobalt, nikkel iyo lithium carbonate / lithium hydroxide gaar ah ayaa kor u qaadi doona. Tani waxay suurtogal ka dhigaysaa in dib loo soo celiyo dhaqaalaha baytarigii lithium ion ee qashinka ahaa. Celceliska masaafada baabuurka gaarka ah ee dalkaygu waa qiyaastii 16,000 kiiloomitir.

Marka la eego shuruudaha isticmaalka baabuurta gaarka loo leeyahay, nolosha waxtarka leh ee baabuurta koronto / koronto saafi ah waa qiyaastii 4 ilaa 6 sano; baska la xidhiidha, Baabuurta kirada ah, iwm. Noocyada kala duwan ee biraha lithium-ion batari firfircoon ayaa kala duwan. Sida laga soo xigtay hay&39;adaha awoodda leh, saamiga noocyada kala duwan ee baabuurta korontada ku shaqeeya iyo awoodda lithium-ka baaskiilka ayaa la saadaaliyay mustaqbalka waddankeyga baytariyada lithium-ion ee dhiirigelinta ah.

Waxaa lagu qiyaasaa in sanadka 2018-ka, batariyada lithium-ion ee dalkayga cusub ee la tirtiray uu gaari doono 11.8GWH, birta u dhiganta dib loo warshadayn karo waa: nikkel 1.8 milyan oo tan, cobalt, 2003,400 tan oo manganese ah, 03,400 tan; Qiyaasta sanadka 2023, baytariyada lithium-ion ee tamarta cusub ee la tirtiray wuxuu gaari doonaa 101GWH, birta u dhiganta dib-u-warshadaynta waa: nikkel 119,000 tan, cobalt, 230,000 tan, manganese, 20,000 tan oo lithium ah.

Hay&39;adda awoodda leh ayaa la filayaa inay yeelato hoos u dhac ka duwan qiimaha macdanaha kale marka lagu daro kobaltka birta. Marka loo eego tan, 2018, cabbirka suuqa ee birta dib loo warshadayn karo waxay gaari doontaa 1.4 bilyan yuan.

Cobalt 870 milyan yuan, 26 bilyan yuan; ilaa 2023, qiimaha suuqa ee birta dib loo warshadayn karaa waxay gaari kartaa nikkel 8.4 bilyan yuan, cobalt 7.3 bilyan yuan, manganese manganese 850 milyan yuan, 16.

6 bilyan yuan oo lithium ah 14.6 bilyan yuan. Iyadoo la samaynayo qaabka qiimeynta dhaqaale ee dakhliga kharashka batteriga lithium ion batteriga, dakhliga soo-celinta alaabta soo kabashada waxaa lagu fulin karaa qaabka xisaabeed ee soo socda: BPRO waxay muujinaysaa faa&39;iidada soo kabashada tamarta qashinka lithium-ion batari; CTOTAL waxa ay matalaysaa isticmaalka tamarta wasakhda baytariyada lithium-ion wadarta dakhliga soo kabtay; CDepReciation-ku wuxuu u taagan yahay qiimo-dhimista qalabka baytariyada lithium-ion ee qashinka ah; CUSE waxay muujinaysaa qiimaha isticmaalka qashinka firfircoon ee lithium-ion habka soo kabashada baytariyada; CTAX macneheedu waa cashuurta tamarta qashinka lithium-ion ee baytari dib u warshadaynta.

Kharashka isticmaalka qashinka lithium-ion ee soo kabashada iyo dib-u-soo-celinta batariyada firfircoon ayaa muhiim ah in lagu daro waxyaabaha soo socda (1) kharashyada alaabta ceeriin; (2) Qiimaha agabka kaalmada; (3) Qiimaha tamarta shidaalka; (4) Qiimaha dayactirka qalabka; (5) Qiimaha Wax ka qabashada Deegaanka; (6) Qiimaha shaqada. Laga soo bilaabo saddexda dhinac ee faa&39;iidada guud ee faa&39;iidada guud, suurtagalnimada iyo waaridda, hay&39;adaha awoodda leh waxay aaminsan yihiin in qaabka soo-saareyaasha batteriga si toos ah dib-u-warshadaynta qaab-dhismeedka qaab-xirfadeedka-xiran iyo farsamaynta xirfad-yaqaannada dhinac saddexaad si ay u iibsadaan baytariyada qashinka ah ee soo-saareyaasha batteriga waa awoodda caadiga ah ee hadda jirta qaabka soo kabashada korontada ee lithium iyo iyadoo leh dhaqaale wanaagsan marka la eego soo kabashada korantada ee lithium. Ka soo qaad: (1) Qiimaha birta ee hadda (215,000 yuan / ton, nikkel 777 milyan yuan / ton, manganese 1 milyan / tan, lithium 700,000 yuan / ton, aluminium 126,000 yuan / ton, birta 0.

2 milyan / tan) oo ha tixgelin faa&39;iidooyinka soo kabashada kale; (2) Tixgeli isticmaalka noocyada kala duwan ee baytariyada lithium ion batari (70% lithium iron fosfate, 7% lithium manganate, saddex yuan 23%) baytari lithium ion soo kabasho dhamaystiran; 3) Marka laga reebo kharashyada kale ee ka baxsan alaabta ceeriin: Hay&39;adaha xirfadlayaasha ah ee dhinac saddexaad waxay ka helaan baytariyada lithium-ion qashinka ah ee ka yimaada aqoon-is-weydaarsiyo yaryar iyo jajabiyey faa&39;iido guud, oo gaadhay 60%; oo ay ku xigto qaabka dib u warshadaynta iyo habaynta isbahaysiga warshadaha, faa&39;iidada guud ee 45%. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, labadan siyaabood, kii hore (dhinaca saddexaad: iibsashada aqoon-is-weydaarsiga yar-yar) waxay leedahay dhibaatooyin badbaado iyo deegaan, iyo aqoon-is-weydaarsi yar oo hadda jira ma aqoonsanin qiimaha weyn ee warshadaha soo kabashada lithium-koronta, qiimaha wax lagu iibsanayo waa yar yahay, markaa habkani ma laha Joogto ah; kan dambe (isbahaysiga warshadaha) ayaa hadda aad ugu yar inay sabab u tahay midnimada xeerarka maamulka ee khuseeya iyo deegaanka sharciga ah, laakiin mustaqbalka ayaa noqon doona mid ka mid ah isbeddellada. Saddexda dariiqo ee kale waa kuwo la heli karo oo waara, laakiin qaabka faa&39;iidada guud ee soosaarayaasha baytariga ayaa si toos ah dib u warshadeeyay ugana iibsaday baytariyada qashinka wax-soosaarayaasha, sidaa darteed hay&39;adaha awoodda leh waxay aaminsan yihiin in labadan qaab ay ka koobnaan doonaan habka dib-u-warshadaynta guud ee hadda.

Qiimaha soo kabashada ee walxaha batteriga ternary ayaa ka sarreeya baytariyada kale ee lithium ion batari, sida soo celinta batteriga lithium-ion ee saddex-geesoodka ah, soo saaraha batteriga ayaa dib u warshadeeyay moodeelka iyo qaabka qaybinta qayb saddexaad ee soo saaraha isticmaalka baytariyada la isticmaalay Qiimaha maalgashiga tayada (2016) Qiimaha guud ee faa&39;iidada faa&39;iidada ayaa gaadhay 4-5% lithium, si xushmad leh iyo 85% lithium. Warshadaha dib u warshadaynta ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah u gaari doona halbeeg, miisaan iyo isbahaysiga warshadaha shanta sano ee soo socota. Saamaynta miisaankeeda awgeed, waxay yeelan doontaa faa&39;iido guud oo sarreeya. Intaa waxaa dheer, soo saaraha asalka ah ee qaabka dib loo warshadeeyay iyo qaabka burburinta qolo saddexaad si loo soo saaro baytariyada qashinka ayaa weli leh dhaqaale xooggan.