Theknoloji ea tsosoloso ea libeteri tsa lithium ion tsa litšila: theknoloji ea ho tsosolosa metsi ke eona haholo-holo

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - ተንቀሳቃሽ የኃይል ጣቢያ አቅራቢ

Lithium-ion battery recovery technology profile litšila tsa lithium-ion battery resource technology ke metsoako ea litšila tsa libeteri tsa lithium-ion, ho latela fisiks ea bona, thepa ea lik&39;hemik&39;hale, karohano. Ka kakaretso, mokhoa oohle oa ho hlaphoheloa o arotsoe likarolo tse 4: (1) Karolo ea pele ho phekolo; (2) ho lokisa thepa ea electrode; (3) leaching ea tšepe karo-karolelano; (4) tlhoekiso ea lik’hemik’hale. Nakong ea ts&39;ebetso ea ho hlaphoheloa, ho ea ka mokhoa o fapaneng oa ho ntša, theknoloji ea ho hlaphoheloa ea libeteri tsa lithium ion e ka aroloa ka mekhahlelo e meraro: (1) theknoloji ea ho hlaphoheloa e omileng; (2) theknoloji ea ho hlaphoheloa ha metsi; (3) Theknoloji ea ho hlaphoheloa ha likokoana-hloko.

Ho omisa hape Bohlokoa bo kenyelletsa karohano ea mochini le tharollo ea mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso (kapa metallurgy ea mocheso o phahameng). Ts&39;ebetso e ommeng ea ho recycle e khuts&39;oane, &39;me ts&39;ebetso e reriloeng haholo ha e matla. Ke mohato oa pele oa ho finyella ho hlaphoheloa ha karohano ea tšepe.

Ke habohlokoa ho bua ka mokhoa oa ho tsosolosa thepa kapa karo-karolelano ea thepa kapa tokelo ea thepa, e leng ea bohlokoa ke hore betri e sithabetsoa ke mokhoa oa ho hlophisa &39;mele le tharollo ea mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso, kapa karohano ea mocheso o phahameng ho tlosa lintho tse phelang bakeng sa ho tsosolosa Element. Theknoloji ea ho tsosolosa metsi e rarahane le ho feta, empa tekanyo ea ho hlaphoheloa ha tšepe e &39;ngoe le e&39; ngoe ea theko e phahame, &39;me hona joale ke habohlokoa ho tšoara litšila tsa nickel battery le lithium-ion battery. Mekhoa ea ho hlaphoheloa ha metsi ke metastasis, &39;me e fetisetsa li-ion tsa tšepe ho tloha lisebelisoa tsa electrode ho ea sebakeng sa leaching, ebe ka phapanyetsano ea ion, pula, adsorption, joalo-joalo.

Ho ntšoa ka tharollo. Theknoloji ea ho hlaphoheloa ea likokoana-hloko e na le litšenyehelo tse tlaase, tšilafalo e nyenyane, e ka sebelisoang hape, &39;me ke tataiso e nepahetseng ea theknoloji ea nakong e tlang ea lithium-ion battery recovery. Mekhoa ea ho hlaphoheloa ea likokoana-hloko ke ea bohlokoa ho sebelisa leaching ea likokoana-hloko, ho fetola likarolo tse molemo tsa tsamaiso hore e be metsoako e qhibilihang ebe e qhibiliha ka mokhoa o ikhethileng, ho fumana tharollo e nang le tšepe e sebetsang hantle, ho hlokomela karolo ea sepheo le likarolo tse sa hloekang, &39;me qetellong u fumane lithium Metal.

Hona joale, lipatlisiso tsa theknoloji ea ho hlaphoheloa ha likokoana-hloko li sa tsoa qala, &39;me butle-butle li rarolla ho lengoa ha mefuta e mengata e sebetsang hantle, mathata a nako le nako, le litaba tsa taolo tse amanang le maemo a leaching. Ho tloha ka tatellano ea ts&39;ebetso ea ho hlaphoheloa, mohato oa pele: ts&39;ebetso ea pele, morero oa eona ke ho qala ka ho arola karolo ea theko ea betri ea khale ea lithium ion, ka mokhoa o nepahetseng ka ho khetha ka mokhoa o ikhethileng ho ntlafatsa thepa ea elektrode, joalo-joalo, ho thusa ho tsosolosa ts&39;ebetso e latelang.

Ts&39;ebetso ea pele ho kalafo hangata e kopanya ho sila, ho sila, ho lekola, le karohano ea &39;mele. Mekhoa ea bohlokoa ea ho phekola pele e kenyelletsa: (1) pele ho tefiso; (2) karohano ea mechine; (3) phekolo ea mocheso; (4) tharollo ea alkaline; (5) ho qhibiliha ha solvent; (6) disassembly ka letsoho, jj. Mohato oa 2: Karohano ea lintho tse bonahalang.

Mokhahlelo oa pele oa phekolo o matlafatsoa ho fumana lisebelisoa tse tsoakiloeng tsa electrode tsa electrode e ntle le electrode e mpe, e le ho arola co-recovery ea Co, Li, joalo-joalo, ka khetho ea ho ntša lisebelisoa tse tsoakiloeng tsa electrode. Ts&39;ebetso ea ho arohana ha lintho tse bonahalang e ka boela ea aroloa ka theknoloji ea lihlopha tsa ho hlaphoheloa o omileng, ho hlaphoheloa ha metsi le ho hlaphoheloa ha likokoana-hloko: (1) leaching ea inorganic acid; (2) leaching ea biometric; (3) Leaching ea lik&39;hemik&39;hale tsa mechine.

Mohato oa 3: Ho hloekisa lik&39;hemik&39;hale. Sepheo sa eona ke ho arola le ho hloekisa litšepe tse fapa-fapaneng tsa boleng bo phahameng ka tharollo e fumanoang ke mokhoa oa ho ntša metsi. Tharollo ea leaching e na le likarolo tse ngata tse kang Ni, Co, Mn, Fe, Li, Al le Cu, moo Ni, Co, Mn, Li e leng ntho ea bohlokoa e tsosolositsoeng ea tšepe.

Ka mor&39;a ho lokisa pH, khetho ea Al le Fe e khethoa, &39;me likarolo tse kang Ni, Co, Mn, le Li ka har&39;a leach li tsoela pele ho sebetsoa. Mekhoa e sebelisoang hangata e na le pula ea lik&39;hemik&39;hale, tlhahlobo ea letsoai, mokhoa oa phapanyetsano ea li-ion, mokhoa oa ho ntša le mokhoa oa electrodeposition. Litsela tsa tekheniki le mekhoa ea libeteri tse matla tsa lithium-ion lapeng le kantle ho naha: Ts&39;ebetso ea metsi le mocheso o phahameng oa pyrolysis ke mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa ho bapisa le lik&39;hamphani tsa kantle ho naha tsa ho khutlisa betri, hajoale ts&39;ebetso ea ho khutlisa betri ea lithium-ion e metsi.

Moruo oa ho hlaphoheloa ha Lithium, bahlahisi ba ho itšehla thajana kapa mofuta oa motho oa boraro o ntse o tsoela pele ho tloha ka 2015, ha ho qhoma indasteri e ncha ea likoloi tsa motlakase, le tataiso ea lisebelisoa tsa betri (ho ea ntlheng ea lisebelisoa tse phahameng tsa nickel ternary) Ntlafatso ea theko ea cobalt, nickel le lithium carbonate / lithium hydroxide e tla eketseha. Sena se etsa hore ho khonehe ho khutlisa moruo oa betri ea khale ea lithium ion. Karolelano ea lik&39;hilomithara tsa koloi ea poraefete naheng ea heso e ka ba lik&39;hilomithara tse 16,000.

Tlas&39;a maemo a ts&39;ebeliso ea likoloi tsa poraefete, bophelo bo sebetsang ba likoloi tse hloekileng tsa motlakase / plug-in ke lilemo tse 4 ho isa ho tse 6; libese tse amanang, Likoloi tse hiriloeng, joalo-joalo. Mefuta e fapaneng ea litšepe tsa betri tsa lithium-ion li fapane. Ho ea ka mekhatlo e nang le matla, karolo ea mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea likoloi tsa motlakase le libaesekele tsa lithium capacitance e boleloa esale pele ka libeteri tsa lithium-ion tsa naha ea heso tse tlang.

Ho hakanngoa hore ka 2018, betri ea naha ea heso e ncha e lahliloeng matla a lithium-ion e tla fihla ho 11.8GWH, &39;me tšepe e lumellanang le e ka sebelisoang hape ke: nickel lithane tse limilione tse 1.8, cobalt, lithane tse 2003,400 tsa manganese, lithane tse 03,400; e hakanyetsoang ho 2023 Ka selemo, betri ea lithium-ion e sa tsoa hlakoloa e tla fihla ho 101GWH, &39;me tšepe e tsamaellanang le e ka sebelisoang hape ke: nickel lithane tse 119,000, cobalt, lithane tse 230,000, manganese, lithane tse 20,000 tsa lithium.

Setsi se nang le matla se lebeletsoe ho ba le tekanyo e fapaneng ea ho theoha ha litheko tse ling tsa tšepe ho phaella ho cobalt ea tšepe. Ho ea ka sena, ka 2018, boholo ba &39;maraka oa tšepe e ka sebelisoang hape bo tla fihla ho li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 1,4.

Cobalt li-yuan tse limilione tse 870, li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 26; ho fihlela ka 2023, boleng ba &39;maraka ba tšepe e ka sebelisoang hape bo ka fihla li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 8.4, cobalt li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 7.3, manganese manganese li-yuan tse limilione tse 850, 16.

Li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 6 tsa lithium li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 14,6. Ka ho theha mohlala oa tlhahlobo ea moruo bakeng sa chelete ea chelete ea theko ea betri ea lithium ion ea matla, chelete e kenang ea thepa ea ho hlaphoheloa e ka etsoa ka mokhoa o latelang oa lipalo: BPRO e bontša phaello ea ho hlaphoheloa ha matla a litšila lithium-ion battery; CTOTAL e emela tšebeliso ea matla a litšila libeteri tsa lithium-ion Kakaretso ea chelete e fumanoeng; CDepReciation e emela litšenyehelo tsa ho theoha ha thepa ea betri ea lithium-ion e matla; CUSE e bonts&39;a litšenyehelo tsa tšebeliso ea litšila tse matla tsa lithium-ion battery recovery process; CTAX e bolela lekhetho la k&39;hamphani e sebelisang betri ea lithium-ion matla a litšila.

Litsenyehelo tsa tšebeliso ea litšila tse matla tsa lithium-ion battery recovery le re-resource resource ke tsa bohlokoa ho kenyeletsa tse latelang (1) litšenyehelo tsa thepa e tala; (2) litšenyehelo tsa thepa e thusang; (3) theko ea matla a mafura; (4) litšenyehelo tsa ho lokisa thepa; (5) Litšenyehelo tsa ho sebetsana le tikoloho; (6) litšenyehelo tsa mosebetsi. Ho tsoa lintlheng tse tharo tsa phaello e kholo ea phaello, ho khoneha le ho tšoarella, mekhatlo e nang le matla e lumela hore mohlala oa baetsi ba betri ka ho toba ba tsosolosa sebopeho sa mokhoa o koetsoeng le mokhoa oa boraro oa setsebi sa ho qhaqha ho reka libeteri tse litšila ho baetsi ba betri ke matla a tloaelehileng a matla a lithium motlakase oa ho hlaphoheloa &39;me ka moruo o ntlafetseng tabeng ea ho hlaphoheloa ha lithium motlakase. A re re: (1) Theko ea hona joale ea tšepe (215,000 yuan / ton, nickel 777 milione yuan / ton, manganese 1 milione / ton, lithium 700,000 yuan / ton, aluminium 126,000 yuan / ton, tšepe 0.

2 milione / Lithane) &39;me u se ke ua nahana ka melemo ea ho hlaphoheloa tse ling; (2) Nahana ka tšebeliso ea mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea matla a lithium ion libeteri (70% lithium iron phosphate, 7% lithium manganate, li-yuan tse tharo 23%) Kakaretso ea ho hlaphoheloa lithium ion betri; 3) Ntle le litšenyehelo tse ling ka ntle ho thepa e tala: Mekhatlo ea boraro ea litsebi e fumana libeteri tsa lithium-ion tsa litšila ho tsoa lithupelong tse nyenyane le phaello e senyehileng ea phaello, e fihlang ho 60%; e lateloe ke mokhoa oa ho tsosolosa le ho sebetsana le lilekane tsa indasteri, phaello ea kakaretso ea 45%. Leha ho le joalo, ka litsela tsena tse peli, ea pele (mokha oa boraro: ho reka lithupelo tse nyenyane) o na le mathata a ts&39;ireletso le tikoloho, &39;me workshop e nyenyane ea hona joale ha e e-s&39;o hlokomele boleng bo boholo ba indasteri ea ho hlaphoheloa ha lithium-motlakase, theko ea theko e tlaase, kahoo mokhoa ona ha o na Tsoelo-pele; ea morao-rao (selekane sa indasteri) hajoale ha se na monyetla oa ho ba ka lebaka la bonngoe ba melaoana ea taolo e amehang le tikoloho ea molao, empa bokamoso e tla ba e &39;ngoe ea mekhoa. Litsela tse ling tse tharo lia khoneha ebile lia tšoarella, empa mohlala oa phaello e felletseng ea bahlahisi ba li-betri ba ile ba boela ba reka libeteri tsa litšila ho bahlahisi, kahoo mekhatlo e nang le matla e lumela hore tsena tse peli Mokhoa ona o tla etsa mokhoa oa hajoale oa ho sebelisa hape.

Boleng ba ho hlaphoheloa ha lisebelisoa tsa betri ea ternary bo phahame ho feta libeteri tse ling tsa matla a lithium ion, joalo ka ho khutlisa betri ea lithium-ion ea likarolo tse tharo, moetsi oa betri o ile a sebelisa mohlala hape le mohlala oa motho oa boraro oa ho qhaqhoa ho sebelisoa ke moetsi oa libeteri tse sebelisitsoeng boleng ba matsete a boleng (2016) Phaello e felletseng ea phaello e fihlile ho 55% mme indasteri ea matla a motlakase e tla fihla ho 55% ka ho latellana. butle-butle fumana maemo, tekanyo le selekane sa indasteri lilemong tse hlano tse tlang. Ka lebaka la phello ea eona ea sekhahla, e tla ba le phaello e phahameng ea phaello. Ho feta moo, mohlahisi oa pele o ile a sebelisa mokhoa oa ho sebelisoa hape le mofuta oa motho oa boraro oa ho qhaqha ho hlahisa libeteri tsa litšila li ntse li na le moruo o matla.