Revitalization thev naus laus zis ntawm cov roj teeb lithium ion pov tseg: cov khoom siv ntub dej rov siv dua yog feem ntau

Автор: Iflowpower – Kannettavien voimalaitosten toimittaja

Lithium-ion roj teeb rov qab thev naus laus zis profile pov tseg lithium-ion roj teeb kev siv tshuab yog cov khoom xyaw hauv cov roj teeb lithium-ion pov tseg, raws li lawv lub cev, tshuaj lom neeg, kev sib cais. Feem ntau, tag nrho cov txheej txheem rov qab tau muab faib ua 4 ntu: (1) Kev kho ua ntej; (2) kho cov khoom siv electrode; (3) leaching ntawm ib tug ratio hlau; (4) tshuaj purification. Thaum lub sij hawm rov qab txheej txheem, raws li cov txheej txheem sib txawv, kev siv tshuab rov qab ntawm lithium ion roj teeb tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb pawg: (1) tshuab rov qab qhuav; (2) ntub dej rov qab tshuab; (3) Kev siv thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis.

Qhuav recycling Ib qho tseem ceeb suav nrog kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom siv sib cais thiab kev kub siab thermal tov (los yog kub metallurgy). Cov txheej txheem rov ua dua tshiab qhuav yog luv luv, thiab qhov kev rov ua dua tshiab tsis muaj zog. Nws yog ib theem pib ntawm kev ua tiav cov hlau sib cais rov qab.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau xa mus rau cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom siv rov qab los yog qhov piv ntawm cov khoom siv los yog kev tsim nyog ntawm cov khoom siv, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb yog tias lub roj teeb yog crushed los ntawm lub cev sorting txoj kev thiab kub kub kua, los yog kub division kom tshem tawm cov organic teeb meem rau ntxiv Element recycling. Kev siv thev naus laus zis ntub dej yog qhov nyuaj dua, tab sis tus nqi rov qab ntawm txhua tus nqi hlau yog siab, thiab tam sim no tseem ceeb heev rau kev kho cov khib nyiab nickel roj teeb thiab lithium-ion roj teeb. Cov txheej txheem ntub dej rov qab yog metastasis, thiab hloov cov hlau ions los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv electrode mus rau qhov nruab nrab leaching, thiab tom qab ntawd los ntawm kev sib pauv ion, nag lossis daus, adsorption, thiab lwm yam.

Extraction nyob rau hauv kev daws. Kev siv thev naus laus zis rov qab muaj tus nqi qis, muaj kuab paug me me, rov siv tau dua, thiab yog qhov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv roj teeb lithium-ion yav tom ntej. Cov txheej txheem rov ua kom lom neeg yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev siv cov kab mob microbial leaching, hloov cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev mus rau hauv cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke thiab xaiv cov yaj, kom tau txais cov tshuaj uas muaj cov hlau zoo, paub txog lub hom phiaj thiab cov khoom tsis huv, thiab thaum kawg rov qab lithium hlau.

Tam sim no, kev tshawb fawb txog kev siv thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis tau nyuam qhuav pib, thiab tom qab ntawd maj mam daws cov kev cog qoob loo ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab, teeb meem raws sij hawm, thiab kev tswj cov teeb meem cuam tshuam txog cov kab mob leaching. Los ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov txheej txheem rov qab, thawj kauj ruam: cov txheej txheem pretreatment, nws lub hom phiaj yog pib cais tus nqi ntawm cov roj teeb lithium ion qub, xaiv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo, thiab lwm yam.

Cov txheej txheem pretreatment feem ntau ua ke sib tsoo, sib tsoo, tshuaj ntsuam xyuas, thiab sib cais lub cev. Cov txheej txheem pretreatment tseem ceeb muaj xws li: (1) pre-charge; (2) mechanical sib cais; (3) kev kho cua sov; (4) alkali tov; (5) kuab tshuaj dissolution; (6) phau ntawv disassembly, thiab lwm yam. Kauj Ruam 2: Cov khoom sib cais.

Lub pretreatment theem yog enriched kom tau ib tug sib tov electrode khoom ntawm zoo electrode thiab tsis zoo electrode, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav cais cov co-recovery ntawm Co, Li, thiab lwm yam., selectively extract cov mix electrode khoom. Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom sib cais kuj tseem tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov cuab yeej kev faib tawm ntawm kev rov ua kom qhuav, rov qab ntub dej thiab rov ua kom muaj roj ntsha: (1) inorganic acid leaching; (2) biometric leaching; (3) Mechanical chemical leaching.

Kauj Ruam 3: Tshuaj purification. Nws cov khoom yog cais thiab ua kom huv huv ntau yam khoom muaj nqis ntxiv hauv cov tshuaj tau los ntawm cov txheej txheem leaching. Cov tshuaj leaching muaj ntau yam xws li Ni, Co, Mn, Fe, Li, Al thiab Cu, qhov twg Ni, Co, Mn, Li yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau zoo.

Tom qab kho cov pH, kev xaiv ntawm Al thiab Fe raug xaiv, thiab cov ntsiab lus xws li Ni, Co, Mn, thiab Li hauv cov leach yog ua tiav. Kev siv cov txheej txheem rov ua dua tshiab muaj tshuaj los nag, tshuaj xyuas ntsev, ion pauv txoj kev, txoj kev rho tawm thiab txoj kev electrodeposition. Kev cob qhia thiab cov qauv hauv cov roj teeb lithium-ion muaj zog hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws: cov txheej txheem ntub dej thiab kub pyrolysis yog cov ntsiab lus sib piv txawv teb chaws cov roj teeb rov qab cov tuam txhab rov ua dua cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem pom, tam sim no cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm lithium-ion roj teeb rov qab yog ntub Cov txheej txheem thiab cov kab lus kub siab yog qhov tseem ceeb, thiab feem ntau tau nqis peev hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom.

Lithium rov qab kev lag luam, roj teeb manufacturers tus kheej disassembly los yog thib peb-tog dismantling qauv yog tam sim no mainstream txij li thaum 2015, nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub tshiab zog tsheb kev lag luam, thiab cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov ntaub ntawv roj teeb (mus rau cov kev taw qhia ntawm high nickel ternary cov ntaub ntawv kev loj hlob), nqi ntawm cobalt, npib tsib xee thiab lithium carbonate / lithium boostedoxide tej yam ntuj tso . Qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm rov qab tau cov kev lag luam ntawm cov khib nyiab-laus lithium ion roj teeb. Qhov nruab nrab mais ntawm lub tsheb ntiag tug hauv kuv lub tebchaws yog kwv yees li 16,000 mais.

Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev siv cov tsheb ntiag tug, lub neej muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov hluav taws xob ntshiab / plug-in tsheb yog nyob ib puag ncig 4 txog 6 xyoo; ntsig txog tsheb npav, tsheb xauj tsheb, thiab lwm yam. Ntau hom dynamic lithium-ion roj teeb hlau sib txawv. Raws li cov koom haum tso cai, qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm ntau hom hluav taws xob tsheb thiab kev caij tsheb kauj vab lithium capacitance tau kwv yees txog kuv lub teb chaws yav tom ntej kev txhawb zog lithium-ion roj teeb.

Nws yog kwv yees tias los ntawm 2018, kuv lub teb chaws lub zog tshiab scrapped lithium-ion roj teeb yuav ncav cuag 11.8GWH, thiab cov hlau sib xws rau recyclable yog: npib tsib xee 1.8 lab tons, cobalt, 2003,400 tons ntawm manganese, 03,400 tons; kwv yees rau xyoo 2023 Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo, lub zog tshiab lithium-ion roj teeb yuav ncav cuag 101GWH, thiab cov hlau sib xws rau recyclable yog: npib tsib xee 119,000 tons, cobalt, 230,000 tons, manganese, 20,000 tons ntawm lithium.

Lub tsev kawm ntawv tso cai yuav tsum muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm kev poob qis hauv lwm cov nqi hlau ntxiv rau cov hlau cobalt. Raws li qhov no, xyoo 2018, kev lag luam loj ntawm cov hlau rov ua dua tshiab yuav ncav cuag 1.4 billion yuan.

Cobalt 870 lab yuan, 26 billion yuan; Txog rau xyoo 2023, kev lag luam tus nqi ntawm cov hlau rov qab tuaj yeem ncav cuag nickel 8.4 billion yuan, cobalt 7.3 billion yuan, manganese manganese 850 lab yuan, 16.

6 billion yuan ntawm lithium 14.6 billion yuan. Los ntawm kev tsim cov qauv kev ntsuas kev lag luam rau cov nyiaj tau los ntawm tus nqi ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob lithium ion roj teeb, cov nyiaj tau los ntawm cov khoom siv rov qab tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm cov qauv lej hauv qab no: BPRO qhia txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev rov qab los ntawm cov khoom pov tseg lithium-ion roj teeb; CTOTAL sawv cev rau kev siv cov roj teeb lithium-ion pov tseg Tag nrho cov nyiaj tau los ntawm kev rov qab los; CDepReciation sawv cev rau tus nqi qis ntawm cov khoom siv roj teeb lithium-ion pov tseg; CUSE qhia txog tus nqi ntawm kev siv cov khib nyiab dynamic lithium-ion roj teeb rov ua haujlwm; CTAX txhais tau hais tias kev sau se ntawm lub tuam txhab pov tseg hluav taws xob lithium-ion roj teeb rov ua dua tshiab.

Tus nqi ntawm kev siv cov khib nyiab dynamic lithium-ion roj teeb rov qab thiab cov khoom siv rov qab yog qhov tseem ceeb suav nrog cov hauv qab no (1) cov nqi raw khoom; (2) cov khoom siv pab them nqi; (3) roj nqi hluav taws xob; (4) tus nqi kho khoom siv; (5) Ib puag ncig tuav tus nqi; (6) tus nqi ua haujlwm. Los ntawm peb yam ntawm cov nyiaj tau los tag nrho, kev ua tau zoo thiab kev ruaj ntseg, cov koom haum tso cai ntseeg tias cov qauv ntawm cov tuam txhab roj teeb ncaj qha rov ua dua qhov tsim ntawm cov voj voog kaw thiab cov neeg thib peb kev tshaj lij dismantling mechanism los yuav cov roj teeb khib nyiab rau cov tuam txhab roj teeb yog tam sim no mainstream fais fab lithium hluav taws xob rov qab qauv thiab nrog kev lag luam zoo dua nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lithium hluav taws xob composite rov qab. Piv txwv li: (1) Tus nqi hlau tam sim no (215,000 yuan / ton, npib tsib xee 777 lab yuan / ton, manganese 1 lab / ton, lithium 700,000 yuan / ton, aluminium 126,000 yuan / ton, hlau 0.

2 lab / Tons) thiab tsis xav txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lwm qhov kev rov qab los; (2) Xav txog kev siv ntau hom fais fab lithium ion roj teeb (70% lithium hlau phosphate, 7% lithium manganate, peb yuan 23%) Kev rov ua haujlwm zoo lithium ion roj teeb; 3) Tsuas yog rau lwm cov nqi sab nraud ntawm cov khoom siv raw: Cov chaw ua haujlwm thib peb tau txais cov roj teeb lithium-ion pov tseg los ntawm cov kev cob qhia me me thiab cov nyiaj tau los ntawm cov khoom siv decomposed, ncav cuag 60%; ua raws li daim ntawv ntawm kev rov ua dua tshiab thiab ua tiav ntawm kev lag luam alliances, tag nrho cov nyiaj tau los ntawm 45%. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv ob txoj kev no, tus qub (thib neeg thib peb: kev yuav khoom me me) muaj teeb meem kev nyab xeeb thiab ib puag ncig, thiab lub rhiav me me tam sim no tsis tau lees paub tus nqi loj ntawm lithium-hluav taws xob rov qab kev lag luam, tus nqi yuav qis, yog li txoj hauv kev no tsis muaj Nruam; tom kawg (kev lag luam alliance) tam sim no tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim vim yog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm thiab ib puag ncig kev cai lij choj, tab sis yav tom ntej yuav yog ib qho ntawm cov qauv. Lwm qhov peb txoj hauv kev yog qhov ua tau thiab ruaj khov, tab sis cov qauv nyiaj tau los tag nrho ntawm cov tuam txhab roj teeb ncaj qha rov ua dua thiab yuav cov roj teeb pov tseg rau cov neeg tsim khoom, yog li cov tuam txhab tso cai ntseeg tias ob hom no yuav ua rau cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab tam sim no.

Tus nqi rov qab ntawm cov khoom siv roj teeb ternary yog siab dua li lwm cov roj teeb lithium ion, xws li rov qab tau cov roj teeb lithium-ion peb sab, cov roj teeb cov khoom siv rov ua dua cov qauv thiab cov neeg thib peb dismantling qauv rau cov tuam txhab roj teeb siv cov roj teeb uas siv tau zoo peev nyiaj (2016) Cov txiaj ntsig tag nrho cov nyiaj tau los ntawm lithium-5% thiab 5% Kev lag luam rov ua dua tshiab yuav maj mam ua tiav cov qauv, nplai thiab kev lag luam alliance hauv tsib xyoos tom ntej. Vim nws cov txiaj ntsig scale, nws yuav muaj txiaj ntsig tag nrho. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus thawj tsim khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab thiab tus thib peb dismantling qauv los tsim cov roj teeb khib nyiab tseem muaj kev lag luam zoo.