Ubuchwepheshe obujwayelekile bokutholwa kwebhethri ye-lithium ion nesimo sokuthuthukiswa

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - Furnizor centrală portabilă

Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo komphakathi, ubuchwepheshe bethu bokuvuselela izinto zebhethri ye-lithium-ion nabo buthuthuka ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke uyaluqonda ulwazi oluningiliziwe lobuchwepheshe bokutholwa kwebhethri le-lithium-ion? Okulandelayo, ake uXiaobian ahole wonke umuntu ukuze afunde kabanzi ngolwazi. Amabhethri e-Lithium-ion anezinhlelo eziningi ezihlukene, ngokusetshenziswa kwamaphilisi, ama-smartphones kanye nama-supernators, kulindeleke ukuthi kube cishe ngo-2020, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamabhethri amancane e-lithium-ion endabuko kuzoletha umkhuba omusha omkhulu.

Ngaso leso sikhathi, inkinga yokugaywa kabusha kwenani elikhulu lamabhethri e-lithium-ion imfucuza igqame kakhulu, kusetshenziswa izindlela zendabuko ezifana nokulahlwa kwemfucuza, ukushiswa, njll., okumoshayo, futhi imvelo ibangele ukungcola, ngisho nokunikeza impilo yomuntu. Ingozi.

Njengamanje, izwe lami selingumkhiqizi obalulekile webhethri le-lithium-ion kanye nokusetshenziswa emhlabeni, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwebhethri sekufinyelele ku-8 billion. Uma ungenakho ukucutshungulwa okuhlelekile kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion alahliwe, ukumoshwa okukhulu kwezinsiza, ukungcolisa imvelo, nokulimaza impilo yabantu. Kuyabonakala ukuthi imakethe yokugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri e-lithium ion kadoti ibanzi.

Ibhethri ye-lithium ion iqukethe ipuleti le-electrode elihle kanye nepuleti le-electrode elingalungile, i-binder, i-electrolyte, kanye nesihlukanisi. Ezimbonini, umenzi kubalulekile ukusebenzisa i-lithium cobalt-cobaltate, i-lithium manganate, i-nickel-manganese acid lithium ternary material kanye ne-lithium iron phosphate njengento enhle, i-graphite yemvelo kanye ne-graphite yokufakelwa njengento esebenzayo esebenzayo. I-Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ingcina i-electrode enamathelayo esetshenziswa kabanzi ene-viscosity ephezulu, ukuqina okuhle kwamakhemikhali kanye nezakhiwo zomzimba.

Ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni zamabhethri e-lithium ion Ukusetshenziswa okubalulekile kwesisombululo se-lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) kanye ne-solvent ephilayo njenge-electrolyte, futhi ifilimu ephilayo efana ne-polyethylene (PE) ne-polypropylene (PP) isetshenziswa njenge-diaphragm yebhethri. Amabhethri e-lithium-ion avame ukubhekwa njengamabhethri aluhlaza angalungele imvelo futhi angangcolisi, kodwa ukutakula kwebhethri ye-lithium-ion nakho kuzodala ukungcola. Nakuba amabhethri e-lithium-ion engenayo insimbi enesisindo esinobuthi njenge-mercury, i-cadmium nomthofu, kodwa ithonya lempahla ye-electrode enhle nebi, i-electrolyte, njll.

yebhethri isenkulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngenxa yesidingo esikhulu semakethe samabhethri e-lithium ion, inani elikhulu lamabhethri e-lithium ion likadoti lizovela esikhathini esizayo. Indlela yokubhekana nalawa mabhethri e-lithium-ion futhi unciphise umthelela wawo emvelweni kuyinkinga ephuthumayo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo esikhulu semakethe, umkhiqizi webhethri le-lithium-ion kufanele akhiqize inani elikhulu lamabhethri e-lithium-ion ukuze anikeze imakethe. Amabhethri e-lithium ion ngokuvamile akhiwa izinsimbi ezisindayo, izinhlanganisela eziphilayo, namapulasitiki, anesilinganiso esikhulu sezinsimbi ezisindayo ezibalelwa ku-15% -37%, kanti ama-organic compounds enza u-15%, kanti amapulasitiki athatha u-7%. Ngokuvamile, ekubunjweni kwebhethri ye-lithium ion, i-electrode esebenzayo esebenzayo, okungukuthi, izinsimbi ezisindayo, imvelo, futhi inenani eliphakeme lokutakula.

Inqubo yokubuyisela imfucuza yebhethri ye-lithium ion ibalulekile kuhlanganise nokwelashwa kwangaphambili, ukucubungula kwesibili kanye nokucubungula ukujula. Njengoba kusekhona ugesi othile osele ebhethrini lemfucuza, inqubo yokwelashwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi ihlanganisa izinqubo zokukhipha ukujula, ukuchotshozwa nokuhlunga ngokomzimba. Inhloso yokwelashwa kwesibili ukuhlukanisa ngokuphelele ama-electrode asebenzayo kanye nama-substrates asebenzayo.

Ivamise ukuncibilika kusetshenziswa ukwelashwa kokushisa kanye ne-organic solvent. Ukunyibilika kwe-alkali kanye nendlela ye-electrolysis ibona ukuhlukaniswa okuphelele kwakho kokubili; Ukwelashwa okujulile Okubalulekile kuhlanganisa izinqubo ezimbili, ukuhlukaniswa, nokuhlanza izinqubo ezimbili zokukhipha izinto zensimbi ezibalulekile. Ngokuya ngezigaba zenqubo yokukhipha, indlela yokubuyisela ibhethri ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu: ukutakula okomile, ukubuyiswa okumanzi kanye nokubuyiselwa kwebhayoloji.

Inqubo yokutakula okumanzi iyasindwa futhi incibilike kusetshenziswa i-reagent yamakhemikhali efanelekile, bese ihlukaniswa ngokukhetha izakhi zensimbi kusixazululo sokucwenga ukuze kukhiqizwe i-cobalt yensimbi yezinga eliphezulu etholakele eqondile noma i-lithium carbonate, njll. Inqubo yokutakula okumanzi ifaneleka kakhulu ukubuyisela izingxenye zamakhemikhali ibhethri ye-lithium-ion yemfucuza eyodwa, enezindleko eziphansi zemishini, futhi ifanele ukubuyiswa kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion ahleliwe amancane naphakathi nendawo. Ngakho-ke, le ndlela manje isisetshenziswa kabanzi.

Ukuthola kabusha okomile kusho izinto zokubuyisela eziqondile noma izinsimbi eziyigugu ngaphandle kwemidiya efana nezixazululo. Phakathi kwabo, indlela ebalulekile yokusebenzisa ihlukanisiwe ngokomzimba kanye nokushisa okuphezulu. UMishra et al.

Isetshenziselwa ukubuyisela i-cobalt ne-lithium ebhethri ye-lithium ion elahla udoti usebenzisa i-eosinophilic oxide, kanye nemiphumela yesikhathi sokuvuza, izinga lokushisa, isivinini esishukumisayo kanye nezinye izici emthelela wokuvuza we-cobalt yensimbi kumabhethri e-lithium ion. Imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi nakuba le ndlela inikeza indlela entsha yokubuyisela izakhi ze-cobalt, izinga le-leaching ye-lithium acidophilic acid liphansi kakhulu. Esikhathini esizayo, i-bacterium enezinga eliphezulu lokutshala iqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela, indlela ye-biological leaching inenani elincane le-asidi, izindleko zilula, futhi umthelela wemvelo mncane.

Okungenhla ukuhlaziya okuningiliziwe kolwazi lobuchwepheshe bokubuyisela izinto zebhethri ye-lithium ion. Kuyadingeka ukuthi uqhubeke uqongelela ulwazi olufanele ekusebenzeni, ukuze ukwazi ukuklama imikhiqizo engcono futhi uthuthukisele umphakathi wethu kangcono.