Isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo i-lithium ion ibhetri yokubuyisela iteknoloji kunye nesimo sophuhliso

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Ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo loluntu, itekhnoloji yethu yokuphinda isetyenziswe kwebhetri ye-lithium-ion nayo ikhula ngokukhawuleza. Ke uyaluqonda ulwazi oluneenkcukacha lwe-lithium-ion iteknoloji yokubuyisela ibhetri? Okulandelayo, vumela uXiaobian akhokele wonke umntu ukuba afunde ngakumbi ngolwazi. Iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zinoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamacwecwe, ii-smartphones kunye ne-supernators, kulindeleke ukuba zibe malunga ne-2020, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kweebhetri ezincinci ze-lithium-ion kuya kubonisa indlela entsha enkulu.

Ngelo xesha, ingxaki yokuphinda isetyenziswe inani elikhulu leebhetri ze-lithium-ion inkunkuma ibalasele ngakumbi, isebenzisa iindlela zemveli ezifana nokulahla inkunkuma, ukutshisa, njl., eziyinkcitho, kunye nokusingqongileyo kubangele ungcoliseko, kunye nokunika impilo yabantu. Ingozi.

Okwangoku, ilizwe lam libe ngumvelisi webhetri ye-lithium-ion ebalulekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwihlabathi, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwebhetri kuye kwafikelela kwi-8 yezigidigidi. Ukuba awunayo inkqubo ecwangcisiweyo yeebhetri ze-lithium-ion ezishiyiweyo, inkcitho eqatha yemithombo, ingcolise indalo, kwaye yenzakalise impilo yabantu. Ingabonwa ukuba imarike yokuphinda isetyenziswe inkunkuma ye-lithium ion iibhetri ibanzi.

Ibhetri ye-lithium ion iqukethe ipleyiti ye-electrode efanelekileyo kunye ne-electrode plate engafanelekanga, i-binder, i-electrolyte, kunye ne-separator. Kwimizi-mveliso, umenzi ubalulekile ukusebenzisa i-lithium cobalt-cobaltate, i-lithium manganate, i-nickel-manganese acid lithium ternary material kunye ne-lithium iron phosphate njengento efanelekileyo, igraphite yendalo kunye negraphite yokwenziwa njengento esebenzayo esebenzayo. I-Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) sisixhobo sokuncamathelisa se-electrode esisetyenziswa ngokubanzi esine-viscosity ephezulu, uzinzo oluhle lweekhemikhali kunye neempawu zomzimba.

Ukuveliswa kwemizi-mveliso yeebhetri ze-lithium ion Ukusetyenziswa okubalulekileyo isisombululo se-lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) kunye ne-solvent ye-organic njenge-electrolyte, kunye nefilimu yezinto eziphilayo ezifana ne-polyethylene (PE) kunye ne-polypropylene (PP) isetyenziswe njenge-diaphragm yebhetri. Iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zihlala zibhekwa njengeebhetri eziluhlaza ezihambelana nokusingqongileyo kunye nezingangcolisi, kodwa ukubuyiswa kwebhetri ye-lithium-ion kuya kubangela ungcoliseko. Nangona iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zingenayo isinyithi esinetyhefu efana ne-mercury, i-cadmium kunye ne-lead, kodwa impembelelo ye-electrode efanelekileyo kunye ne-negative material, i-electrolyte, njl.

yebhetri isenkulu. Kwelinye icala, ngenxa yemfuno enkulu yentengiso yeebhetri ze-lithium ion, inani elikhulu lenkunkuma ye-lithium ion iibhetri ziya kubonakala kwixesha elizayo. Indlela yokujongana nezi bhetri ze-lithium-ion kunye nokunciphisa impembelelo yazo kwindalo yingxaki engxamisekileyo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nemfuno enkulu yemarike, umenzi webhetri ye-lithium-ion kufuneka avelise inani elikhulu leebhetri ze-lithium-ion ukubonelela imarike. Iibhetri ze-Lithium ion ngokuqhelekileyo zenziwe ngesinyithi esinzima, i-organic compounds, kunye neeplastiki, ezinomlinganiselo omkhulu we-akhawunti yesinyithi esinzima kwi-15% -37%, kunye ne-organic compounds akhawunti ye-15%, kunye ne-7% yeeplastiki. Ngokubanzi, ekubunjweni kwebhetri ye-lithium ion, i-electrode efanelekileyo esebenzayo, oko kukuthi, isinyithi esinzima, indalo, kwaye inexabiso eliphezulu lokubuyisela.

Inkqubo yokubuyisela inkunkuma ye-lithium ion iibhetri ibalulekile kubandakanywa ukunyangwa kwangaphambili, ukuqhutyelwa phambili kwesibini kunye nokucubungula ubunzulu. Kuba kusekho umbane osele kwibhetri yenkunkuma, inkqubo yonyango lwangaphambili ibandakanya iinkqubo zokukhupha ubunzulu, ukutyunyuzwa kunye nokuhlelwa ngokwasemzimbeni. Injongo yonyango lwesibini kukuhlula ngokupheleleyo i-electrode efanelekileyo kunye ne-negative izinto ezisebenzayo kunye ne-substrates.

Ngokuqhelekileyo inyibilika ngokusebenzisa unyango lobushushu kunye ne-solvent organic. Ukunyibilika kwealkali kunye nendlela ye-electrolysis iqonda ukwahlukana okupheleleyo kokubini; unyango olunzulu Okubalulekileyo kubandakanya iinkqubo ezimbini, ukwahlula, kunye nokucoca iinkqubo ezimbini ukukhupha izinto zentsimbi ezixabisekileyo. Ngokutsho kokuhlelwa kwenkqubo yokukhutshwa, indlela yokubuyisela ibhetri ingahlulwa ibe ngamacandelo amathathu: ukubuyisela okomileyo, ukubuyiswa okumanzi kunye nokubuyiswa kwezinto eziphilayo.

Inkqubo yokubuyisela emanzi iyahlanjululwa kwaye inyibilikiswe kusetyenziswa i-reagent yekhemikhali efanelekileyo, kwaye ngokukhethayo yahlula izinto zetsimbi kwisisombululo se-perfiltration ukuvelisa ngokuthe ngqo kufunyenwe i-cobalt yensimbi ephezulu okanye i-lithium carbonate, njl. Inkqubo yokubuyisela emanzi ifaneleke ngakumbi ukubuyiswa kwamacandelo ekhemikhali ibhetri ye-lithium-ion inkunkuma enye, eneendleko eziphantsi zezixhobo, kwaye ifanelekile ukubuyiswa kweebhetri ze-lithium-ion ezicwangcisiweyo ezincinci kunye neziphakathi. Ngoko ke, le ndlela ngoku isetyenziswa ngokubanzi.

Ukubuyiswa okomileyo kuthetha izinto zokubuyisela ngokuthe ngqo okanye izitye ezinqabileyo ngaphandle kweendaba ezifana nezisombululo. Phakathi kwabo, indlela ebalulekileyo yokusebenzisa ihlukaniswe ngokwasemzimbeni kunye nokushisa okuphezulu. UMishra et al.

Isetyenziselwa ukubuyisela i-cobalt kunye ne-lithium kwi-battery ye-lithium ion inkunkuma usebenzisa i-eosinophilic oxide, kunye nemiphumo yexesha le-leaching, ubushushu, isantya esishukumisayo kunye nezinye izinto kwisiphumo se-leaching ye-cobalt yensimbi kwiibhetri ze-lithium ion. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba nangona le ndlela ibonelela ngendlela entsha yokubuyisela izinto ze-cobalt, izinga le-lithium acidophilic acid liphantsi kakhulu. Kwixesha elizayo, ibhaktheriya enezinga eliphezulu lokulima ithelekiswa nezinye iindlela, indlela ye-biological leaching inomlinganiselo omncinci we-asidi, ixabiso lilula, kwaye impembelelo yokusingqongileyo incinci.

Oku ngasentla luhlalutyo olucacileyo lolwazi lwetheknoloji yokubuyisela izinto zebhetri ze-lithium ion. Kuyimfuneko ukuba uhlale uqokelela amava afanelekileyo ekusebenzeni, ukuze ukwazi ukuyila iimveliso ezingcono kwaye uphuhlise ngcono uluntu lwethu.