How long is electric car battery life? How much does it cost to change the battery?

　　Author ：Iflowpower – Portable Power Station Supplier

Although the current disputes are constantly, many owners have seen it, and new energy vehicles are the mainstream direction of the future China auto market. Whether it is from policy or from a strategic transition from catering enterprises, more and more car companies have set up new energy vehicles in this area, and their own brands are more pure electric vehicles as foreign car companies "corner overtake A large shortcut. The national and car companies have a deep thinking about the entire development of the automotive industry, and we are a fart, and if the electric car is more concerned, it is not good to repair.

After all, it is different from the development of the traditional car for hundreds of years. The electric car has a lot of doubts in the hearts of many ordinary people. Here we answer the most concerned about ordinary owners.

Type and characteristics of the battery? At present, the power battery for new energy vehicles is divided into three-dimensional lithium batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries. The three-dimensional lithium battery has a representative car with Tesla, Beiqi E200EV, Jianghuai IEV5, Chery EQ, etc. It is characterized by high energy density, the same volumetric weight, the capacity is large, battery consistency is good, production technology matures.

Lithium phosphate batteries have high safety and longer cycle life, and the charge and discharge rate is high, that is, the charging speed is fast, and the acceleration performance is good. Good security, no problem with curved puncture high temperature. The disadvantage is that the energy density is low.

The same battery needs to use more batteries, which increases the vehicle weight and cost; the consistency is different, there is a better battery management system; the low temperature decline is more obvious, the capacity will be reduced by 10% when 0 ¡ã C Left and right, while the -20 degree capacity reduced by about 30% to the country's largest electric vehicle manufacturer BYD as an example, in the past, BYD, which has realized mass production in the field of lithium phosphate, and starts to turn to large-scale development of lithium in terms of three yuan. For example, the EV models such as BYD Qin, Tang, Song, are all used in three yuan lithium batteries. Therefore, overall, three-dimensional lithium batteries have more obvious advantages in the current policy environment.

How long is the battery life? First of all, let's explain what is called "charge and discharge circulation", the cycle life is 1000 times, is it necessary to charge 1000 times? Not! Just like mobile phone charging, mobile phone power is from 0% to 100% for a charge and discharge cycle, and if only 50%, pull out the socket, meaning only half a cycle. Take the most common three-dimensional lithium battery and lithium iron phosphate battery as an example. The three-dimensional lithium battery is theoretically circulating in the test of about 1,500 times.

The fully charge and discharge cycle is more than 800 times, and the battery discharge is controlled. In the 25% -75% state, the actual use can reach more than 1200 times. Lithium iron phosphate power battery, theoretical circulation life reaches 2,000 times, standard charging (5 hours), can reach 2000 times.

In actual use, the fully charge and discharge cycle can also reach more than 1200 times. Therefore, it can be calculated in a sport, with a general three-yuan lithium battery electric car, and the actual driving distance of 1 full cycle is about 250 kilometers. According to the full charge and discharge cycle, it is calculated that the life of the battery can reach 200,000 kilometers, basically cover the service life of a car.

How is the battery attenuation process? Although the battery life can reach about 200,000 kilometers, there is another consideration standard, that is, the battery pack will decrease the energy density of the battery with charge and discharge. Just after the mobile phone is for a long time, the battery will be more and more unused. Once the capacity of the battery is below the initial 80%, the battery pack is not suitable for continuing to use it on the car, it is necessary to replace the new battery.

At present, the most accurate battery attenuation test data is obtained, only their own models published by each manufacturer. According to industry, "General pure electric vehicles are relatively large in the first year, around 8%, but will attenuate 4% in 2-3 years, 5-6 years will be attenuated 1% year later". From the foreign battery attenuation chart of the Thousand Tesla owners, it can be seen that ModeS is only 6% after running 100,000 kilometers.

After running 250,000 kilometers, the average battery attenuation is less than 10%. Although there are also abnormal attenuation of individual owners, the attenuation amplitude is not large. Which manufacturer's warranty terms are the warranty? At present, according to the state, the performance attenuation of the battery in the warranty period cannot exceed 20%, otherwise the factory is free to replace the battery for the owner of the owner.

Require new energy car key components (battery, electric control, motor) to provide no less than 5 years or 100,000 kilometers warranty, and since 2016, it offers no less than 8 years or 120,000 kilometers warranty. For example, Tesla's drive and battery warranty is an unlimited mileage; BYD provides 8 years or 150,000 kilometers of warranty, lifelong electric core, Geely, North Stroke new energy is also available for battery pack for 8 years Or 150,000 kilometers warranty; Roewe offers 8 years or 120,000 kilometers warranty for the battery pack. Are battery attenuation in the warranty range? At present, national regulations, during the shelf life (8 years / 120,000 km), battery performance is not exceeding 20%, otherwise, the manufacturer is free to replace.

However, if the battery attenuation is normal, the manufacturer generally does not replace the battery. If you encounter a battery, the life is suddenly lowered, and it is an abnormal phenomenon. The vendor will replace the battery pack for vehicles during the warranty period.

Due to the development of pure electric vehicles in recent years, it has developed rapidly in recent years. Therefore, the case of replacing aging batteries is also very ever. Taking BYD as an example, BYD Mth said that "The normal attenuation range of BYD battery is mainly determined by the manufacturer, we have the test after the battery is detected, and then the manufacturer determines whether the car belongs to normal attenuation, if it is in the normal range Decay cells, do not provide free replacement battery pack services.

Because this process is not transparent, that is, battery attenuation should not be changed by the manufacturer, it is the car company. How much does the battery replacement need? The price of battery packs is currently not public, according to various websites such as lithium-grid, currently power battery production costs in 1300 yuan / degree, and the price of the car is 1,700 yuan. But from the replacement owner, the price of the offer, the old BYD Tang change battery price is more than 50,000 yuan.

Overseas Nissan released a daily hearing battery replacement plan and price in March 2018. Nissan owners buy new original 24KWH, 30KWH and 40KWH car batteries, the price of payment is 650,000 yen (about 40,000 yuan), 800,000 yen (about 49,000 yuan), 820,000 yen (binding 50,000 yuan). Since the trend of the electric vehicle has been raised in recent years, many models on the market have not replaced the battery pack of the battery pack, so there is no case in which a lot of battery recession has occurred.

According to the national warranty period of 8 years / 120,000 kilometers, electric vehicles have enough guarantees for battery packs. On the other hand, the manufacturer's implementation has its own set, and the detection of battery performance attenuation is that the manufacturer has said, and there is no public transparent standard. And if the owner has questions that you need to find agency test, the fees must be saved by themselves, feeding the gods, easy to use the car.

What should I do if the battery decline is serious after shelf life? This many manufacturers have not made a clear answer, adopt a fuzzy attitude, generally adopt "technology constantly updated iteration, and the battery cost will be more cheaper". This is undoubtedly "painting big cake", which has also created the no trust of electric cars.