He pehea te hanga kauwhata waikura pepa angiangi me te kauwhata me te tohu tohu

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - Umhlinzeki Wesiteshi Samandla Esiphathekayo

Ko te paparanga kauwhata oxidized oxidized pepa angiangi i pai te whakarite e te tikanga Hummers kua whakarereketia, a ka whakahekehia te paparanga kauwhata oxidation oxidation rite rau hei taonga nano graphene me te hydrazine. Ko nga hua whakahiato na Fourier te huri i te tirohanga infrared (FT-IR), Raman Spectroscopy (RS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Transmitting Electroractor (TEM), me te Agency (AFM), etc. Ko te hanganga me te mahi e tohuhia ana.

Ko nga hua e whakaatu ana ko te matotoru o te graphene he 0.36 nm, ko te maha o nga papa he 3. I tua atu, ko te tikanga tauhohenga o te tikanga Hummer kua whakarereketia i whakaritea e te tikanga tauhohenga o te kauwhata whakarorohikotanga rite-pepa angiangi, a, i tātarihia te tukanga tauhohenga matū i te wa o te waikura o te graphite oxidation.

I te tau 2004, ko GEIM et al, i whakarite he karaihe-graphene ngota-rua hou i titoa mai i nga paparanga waro ngota kua whakakotahihia e SP2 ma te whakamahi i te tikanga tihorea miihini. Ko te waeine hanganga taketake o te graphene he mowhiti benzene ono yuan, he 0.34 nm anake.

No reira, he maha nga ahuatanga matū tino pai o te graphene, penei i te 100 nga wa te kaha o te maitai, tae atu ki te 130gPa, ka eke ki te 15000 cm2 / (v · s), te kawe waiariki ko 5000W / (m · K ). I tua atu, he mea motuhake ano te graphene penei i te paanga o te Hall quantum Hall me nga taonga ferromagnetic pāmahana rūma. I tenei wa, ko te tikanga whakarite o te graphene ko te tikanga moroiti-miihini tihorea te tikanga, te waipara matū matū, te tikanga whakaheke redox matū, te tikanga tipu epitaxial tioata me te tikanga wera whakarewa.

I roto ia ratou, ka taea e te tikanga tangohanga miihini miihini te whakarite i te graphene o te rahi o te micron, engari he iti te mana whakahaere, he uaua ki te whakatutuki i te whakaputanga nui. Ko te ahua o te tipu epitaxial tioata he pai ki te hanga ano na te mata o te karaihe SiC, kia rite te waahanga nui, he matotoru ki te graphene kotahi. Ko te tikanga whakaheke kohu matū (CVD) he tïpako me te karaihe whakarewa kotahi, he kiriata whakarewa ranei, ka taea te tipu i te paparanga angiangi o te paparanga graphene, engari kaore i te teitei te maatanga o te graphene, kaore e taea te hanga nui.

Ko te tikanga wera whakarewa e tika ana ki nga ahuatanga kino penei i te teitei o te pāmahana me te pehanga teitei, a he iti te kawe o te hua, a kaore he waahi o te whakaputa papatipu. Ko te tikanga whakaiti redox matū ko te whakarite i te graphene na roto i te tangohanga ultrasonic me te tukanga whakaheke ma te tikanga Hummers. Na te poto o te huringa whakaputa o te tikanga, ko nga painga o te whakangao waihanga teitei e pa ana ki nga rangahau.

I roto i te tikanga Hummers, kua rite te kauwhata, tae atu ki te iti o te pāmahana (0 ° C), te pāmahana reo (38 ° C) me te teitei o te pāmahana (98 ° C), me te mea whakangao ko te H2SO4 me te KMNO4. Na roto i te rangahau o te tukanga graphite oxidation, ka whakarereketia te tikanga Hummers, ara, te wa e roa ai te waahi o te tauhohenga o te pāmahana reo, me te whakakore i te waahi tauhohenga teitei. Ko te whakakore i te tukanga tauhohenga o te taumata teitei o te pāmahana, kaua e karo noa i nga aitua erupism i puta mai i te waikawa pungatara i roto i nga tauhohenga teitei o te pāmahana, engari me karo ano hoki i te tauhohenga waiariki pirau i roto i te waahanga teitei o te pāmahana, me te whakaiti i te tohu o te waikura o te kauwhata.

I roto i te ariā me te whakamatautau, ka taea te whakarite i te paparanga waikura i raro i te pāmahana iti me nga tikanga haumaru me te pumau. I whakaitihia te kauwhata takatika e te hydrate hydrate ki te whakarite i nga mea nanomaterials graphene, a ka hangaia te graphite oxide oxide me nga mea graphene rite pepa angiangi. 1, whakamātau 1.

1, kauwhata tauine raw rauemi (granularity: 325 mata, tuatahi-taonga nanotechnology Co., Ltd.); waikawa pungatara (95% ~ 98%); pāhare pāhare pāporo, konutai pākawa, hauwai (30%), waikawa pūmāota, chlorination Barium, hydrate (80%), etc.

ka tātarihia. Ko nga raau taero i runga ake nei kaore i tino whakahuahia, ka hokona mai i te Shanghai Chemical Reagent Company o China Pharmaceutical Group. Ko nga reagents katoa i runga ake nei kaore i te whakahaere tika.

1.2, te whakarite tauira 1) Te angiangi o te pepa-rite te waituhi waikura (GO) te whakareri paparanga o te 230 mL (98%) waikawa pungatara i roto i te 1000 ml o nga ipu e toru, i raro i te wera o te kaha autō me te pati wai hukapapa, 5.0 gnano3 me te 10.

0 g Te ranunga o te graphite, te whakaoho i te reo i te tere tere mo te 30 meneti, kia konatunatua. 30GKMNO4 āta tāpiri ki te ranunga, me te whakaoho i te 0 ° C mō te 2 h. Ka nekehia nga ipu e toru ki roto i te kaukau wai mahana tonu kua whakatikahia ki te mahana o te 38 ° C, ka haere tonu mo te 30 haora, ka mahia te tauhohenga pāmahana waenga.

Whai muri i te pāmahana o te tauhohenga o te pāmahana waenga, ka whakawhitia te ranunga ki roto i te ipurau 2000 ml, ka whakahiatotia ki te wai whakaheke ki te 1000 mL, ka tapirihia te 200 mL (5%) H2O2, ka huri te wai hohenga ki te tae koura. I mahia te centrifugation me te centrifuge teitei, a ko te tere hurihuri ko 4000 r / min, ka horoia me te 5% HCl i mua i mua i mua i mua i te 5% HCl me te wai deionized tae noa ki te kitea te waikawa sulfuric sulfuric acid i roto i te filtrate, me te whakatārewatanga i displaced i roto i te rīhi whakaeto, vacuum oxiding, oxiding 60graphing. 2) Ko te whakahekenga o te graphene i marara i roto i te 100 ml o te waituhi graphite hua i roto i te 100 ml o te wairewa wai ki te whiwhi i te whakatārewatanga parauri-kowhai, a ka marara nga tikanga ultrasound i raro i te ipu e toru-waha, wera ki te 90 ° C, maturuturu 2 ml o te hydrated tikanga, i konei Ko te hua o te 24 kua tātarihia i raro i nga wa o te wa hydrated, i konei Ko te hua o te wa i whakahekehia i raro i te wa 24. me te mewaro me te wai, ka whakamarokehia te graphene i runga i te 60 ° C.

1.3, te whakamatautau me te tohu tohu wetewetenga XRD ma te whakamahi i te Japanese Rigaku D / MAX-RB diffractometer (Cu target, Kα radiation, λ = 0.154056 nm), te awhe matawai 5 ° ~ 80 °; te tātari hihinga pōkākā (FT-IR) ThermonicoLET&39;s NEXUS Fourier te huri tūāwhiorangi pōkākā, papa KBR, awhe roangaru 400 ~ 4000cm-1; Ka tātarihia e Raman spectroscopy (Raman) te momo INVIA microclassless laser Raman spectrometer o British Renishaw, Ko te awhe rekoata mai i te 100 ki te 3200 cm-1, ko te roangaru laser he 785 nm, ko te taumira mokowā ko te 1 μm te ahunga taha, te roa ki te 1 μm; matawai karu irahiko (SEM) tango i te S-4800 FESEM matawai karu irahiko; karu irahiko transmissive (TEM) tango Japan JEO kamupene JEM-2100F-momo mara tuku karu irahiko tuku taumira teitei; Ko te karu hiko matawai ngota taikaha (AFM) ka tango i te karuiti kaha ngota momo momo Nanoscope4 a US Veeco.

Whakamutunga a. Na roto i te tātari i te hātepe hāora o te hātepe hāora o te graphite, te tikanga Hummer i whakarerekēhia i whakakorehia ai te taumata tauhohenga teitei o te pāmahana, a ka whiwhi te graphene i te tihorenga ultrasound me te maimoatanga whakaheke hydrated hydrate. B.

Ko nga hua whakamatautau TEM me te AFM e whakaatu ana ko te matotoru o te graphene he 0.36 nm, ko te maha o nga papa he 3. c.

Ko te tikanga he haumaru me te ngawari, he nui te putanga, he ngawari ki te whakahaere, he tere me te ngawari, he nui te whakarite o te graphene pepa angiangi, e whakarato ana i te turanga mo te tono arumoni o te graphene. .