Pehea ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka graphite oxide pepa lahilahi a me ka graphene

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Ua hoʻomākaukau maikaʻi ʻia ka ʻāpana graphite oxidized pepa lahilahi e ke ʻano Hummers i hoʻololi ʻia, a ua hoʻemi ʻia ka papa graphite oxidation i hoʻomākaukau ʻia ma ke ʻano he graphene nanomaterial me kahi hydrazine. Nā huahana Synthesis e Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman Spectroscopy (RS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Transmitting Electroractor (TEM), a me Agency (AFM), etc. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ke ʻano a me ka hana.

Hōʻike nā hopena i ka mānoanoa o ka graphene he 0.36 nm, ʻo ka helu o nā papa he 3. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia ke ʻano hana pane o ke ʻano Hummers i hoʻololi ʻia e ke ʻano hana o ka graphite oxidation oxidation pepa lahilahi, a ua loiloi ʻia ke kaʻina hana kemika i ka wā o ka oxidation o ka graphite oxidation.

I ka makahiki 2004, ua hoʻomākaukau ʻo GEIM et al i ʻelua-dimensional atomic crystal-graphene hou i haku ʻia me SP2 hybridized carbon atomic layers me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano hoʻokae mechanical. ʻO ka ʻāpana kumu kumu o ka graphene he benzene ʻeono yuan apo, ʻo ia wale nō ka 0.34 nm.

No laila, graphene i nui maikaʻi physical kemika waiwai, e like me 100 manawa o ka ikaika o ke kila, a hiki i 130gPa, lawe mobility hiki i 15000 cm2 / (v · s), ka thermal conductivity mea 5000W / (m · K). Eia kekahi, loaʻa i ka graphene nā waiwai kūikawā e like me ka hopena quantum Hall a me nā waiwai ferromagnetic wela o ka lumi. I kēia manawa, ʻo ke ʻano o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka graphene ʻo ia ka micro-mechanical stripping method, chemical vapor deposition, chemical redox reduction method, crystal epitaxial growth method and solvent heat method.

Ma waena o lākou, hiki i ka micromechanical stripping method ke hoʻomākaukau i ka graphene o ka nui micron, akā haʻahaʻa ka controllability, paʻakikī ke hoʻokō i ka hana nui. Hiki ke hana hou ʻia ke ʻano o ka ulu ʻana o ka kristal epitaxial ma muli o ka ʻili o ka kristal SiC, no laila ua like kahi ʻāpana nui, kahi mānoanoa me hoʻokahi graphene. ʻO ke ʻano o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka mahu (CVD) he substrate me kahi aniani metala a i ʻole kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni metala, hiki ke ulu i kahi ʻāpana ʻāpana graphene lau, akā ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe ka maʻemaʻe graphene, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ka hana nui.

ʻO ke ala wela solvent ma muli o nā kūlana koʻikoʻi e like me ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe, a haʻahaʻa ka conductivity huahana, a ʻaʻohe hiki ke hana nui. ʻO ke ʻano hana hoʻemi redox kemika ʻo ia ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka graphene ma ke kaʻina hana hoʻoemi kani ultrasonic ma ke ʻano Hummers. Ma muli o ke kaʻina hana pōkole o ke ʻano, ua hoʻopilikia nui ʻia nā pono o ka hana synthetic kiʻekiʻe a me nā noiʻi.

I ka wā o ka Hummers, ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia ka graphite, me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (0 ° C), ka mahana wela (38 ° C) a me ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe (98 ° C), a ʻo ka mea oxidizing e hoʻopili ʻia ʻo H2SO4 a me KMNO4. Ma o ke aʻo ʻana i ke kaʻina hana o ka graphite oxidation, ua hoʻololi ʻia ke ʻano Hummers, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka manawa e hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ai ke kaʻina hana wela waena, a hoʻopau ʻia ka pae wela wela. Ke kāpae nei i ke kaʻina hana o ka pae wela kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole wale i ka pale ʻana i nā pōʻino eruptism i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka sulfuric acid i ka wā kiʻekiʻe o ka wela, akā e pale pū i ka hopena decomposition thermal i ka pae wela kiʻekiʻe, e hōʻemi ana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka oxidation o ka graphite.

Ma ke kumumanaʻo a me ka hoʻokolohua, hiki ke hoʻomākaukau ʻia ka papa o ka oxide ma lalo o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me nā kūlana palekana a paʻa. Ua ho&39;ēmiʻia ka graphite preparative e ka hydrate hydrate no ka hoʻomākaukauʻana i nā nanomaterials graphene, a ua hanaʻia ka pepa lahilahi e like me oxide graphite a me nā mea graphene. 1, hoʻokolohua 1.

1, maka mea unahi graphite (granularity: 325 mesh, mua-waiwai nanotechnology Co., Ltd.); ʻakika sulfuric concentrated (95% ~ 98%); potassium permanganate, sodium nitrate, hydrogenated (30%), hydrochloric acid, chlorination Barium, hydrate (80%), etc.

ua kālailai ʻia. ʻAʻole i ʻōlelo kūikawā ʻia nā lāʻau i luna, a kūʻai ʻia mai ka Shanghai Chemical Reagent Company o China Pharmaceutical Group. ʻAʻole mālama pono ʻia nā reagents a pau.

1.2, hoʻomākaukau laʻana 1) ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka ʻīnika oxide e like me ka pepa lahilahi (GO) he 230 mL (98%) i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka sulfuric acid i loko o 1000 ml o ʻekolu mau ipu, ma lalo o ka wela mau a me ka ʻauʻau wai hau, 5.0 gnano3 a me 10.

0 g Nā hui o ka graphite, e hoʻouluulu ana ma ka wikiwiki wikiwiki no 30 min, i hui pū ʻia. 30GKMNO4 hoʻohui mālie i ka hui ʻana, a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana ma 0 ° C no 2 mau hola. Ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia nā pahu ʻekolu i loko o kahi ʻauʻau wai wela mau i hoʻoponopono ʻia i kahi mahana ma kahi o 38 ° C, hoʻomau ʻia no 30 mau hola, a ua hoʻokō ʻia ka hopena wela.

Ma hope o ka mahana o ka hopena wela, ua hoʻololi ʻia ka hui ʻana i loko o ka beaker 2000 ml, i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me ka wai deionized i 1000 mL, a ua hoʻohui ʻia 200 mL (5%) H2O2, a ua lilo ka wai hopena i kala gula. Ka centrifugation ua lawe &39;ia me ka kiʻekiʻe-mämä holo centrifuge, a me ka rotational māmā ua 4000 r / min, holoiʻia me ka pre-pre-preformed 5% HCl a me ka wai deionized a hiki i ka sulfuricʻakika sulfuricʻakika i ikeia, a me ka suspension ua hoʻoneʻe i loko o ka evaporating kīʻaha, 60 oxidizing ipu. 2) Ua hoʻopuehuʻia ka emi o ka graphene i loko o ka 100 ml o ka graphite ink i loko o ka 100 ml o ka wai hoʻonā e loaʻa i ka brown-yellow hoʻomaha, a me ka ultrasound kulana ua hoopuehuia ma lalo o ekolu-waha flask, wela a hiki i 90 ° C, drip 2 ml o hydrated hydrate, ma hope o ka 24 hopena ua kānanaʻia ka hopena, ma hope o 24 hua kānana. me ka methanol a me ka wai, a ua maloʻo ka graphene ma luna o 60 ° C.

1.3, ho&39;āʻo a me ka ho&39;āʻo &39;ana XRD diffraction anana me ka Japanese Rigaku D / MAX-RB diffractometer (Cu pahu hopu, Kα radiation, λ = 0.154056 nm), scanning laulā 5 ° ~ 80 °; ka nānā &39;ana i ka spectroscopy infrared (FT-IR) ThermonicoLET&39;s NEXUS Fourier transform infrared spectrum, nā papa KBR, ka laulā hawewe 400 ~ 4000cm-1; Hoʻopili ʻo Raman spectroscopy (Raman) i ka INVIA-type microclassless laser Raman spectrometer o British Renishaw, ʻO ka pae moʻolelo mai 100 a 3200 cm-1, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka hawewe laser ʻo 785 nm, ʻo ka spatial resolution he 1 μm lateral direction, longitudinal i 1 μm; hoʻohana ʻia ka microscope electron scanning (SEM) i kahi S-4800 FESEM scanning electron microscope; lawe ʻia ka microscope electron transmissive (TEM) ʻo Iapana JEO hui JEM-2100F-type field e hoʻouna i ka microscope electron hoʻonā kiʻekiʻe; Hoʻohana ʻia ka microscope ʻimi ʻimi atomika ikaika (AFM) i kā US Veeco&39;s Nanoscope4-type atomic force microscope.

Ka hopena a. Ma ke kālailai ʻana i ke kaʻina hana oxidation o ka graphite oxidation kaʻina, ke ʻano Hummers i hoʻololi ʻia kahi i hoʻopau ʻia ai ke kaʻina hana wela wela, a ua loaʻa ka graphene ma ka ultrasound peeling a me ka hydrated hydrate reduction treatment. B.

Hōʻike nā hopena hōʻike TEM a me AFM he 0.36 nm ka mānoanoa o ka graphene, ʻo ka helu o nā papa he 3. c.

He palekana a maʻalahi keʻano, nui ka hoʻopukaʻana, maʻalahi ka hoʻomaluʻana, hāʻawi i ka wikiwiki a me ka maʻalahi, ka hoʻomākaukau nuiʻana o ka graphene pepa lahilahi, hāʻawi i kahi kumu no ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka graphene. .