Nā holomua i ka noiʻi e pili ana i ka nalowale wela o ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka pā lithium

著者：Iflowpower – Dodávateľ prenosných elektrární

Abstract: ʻO ka hōʻuluʻulu o nā holomua hou loa a me nā manaʻo hoʻomohala no ka noiʻi ʻana i ka pākaukau lithium-ion palekana kiʻekiʻe. He mea koʻikoʻi mai ka paʻa kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana o nā electrolytes a me nā electrodes, nā kumu o ka thermal instability o nā ʻāpana lithium ion a me kā lākou mau hana i hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ʻaʻole lawa ka ʻōnaehana pākaukau lithium-ion pāʻoihana i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe, manaʻo e hoʻomohala i nā electrolytes kiʻekiʻe, hoʻololi maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole a me ka hoʻokele pākaukau o waho, etc. e hoʻolālā i nā pākahi lithium-ion palekana kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO Outlook i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka manaʻo ʻenehana o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā pahu lithium-ion palekana. 0 Introduction Lithium ion batteries e lilo i ʻelele maʻamau no kahi ʻano ikehu hou ma muli o kona kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa, hana kiʻekiʻe, mana kiʻekiʻe, a me ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā huahana kikohoʻe 3C, ka mana kelepona a me nā mea uila. I kēia mau makahiki i hala iho nei, ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka haumia o ke kaiapuni a me ke alakaʻi ʻana i nā kulekele aupuni, ua hoʻonui ka mākeke kaʻa kaʻa uila i ka noi no nā pā lithium-ion, i ke kaʻina o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana lithium-ion kiʻekiʻe, ua hoʻopiʻi nui nā pilikia palekana o ka pākaukau.

Hoʻoholo ʻia ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka mahana o ka ʻōnaehana pākaukau e ka puka ʻana o ka wela a hoʻohele ʻia ʻelua mau mea. He mea nui ka hopena o ka wela o ka pā lithium ion ma muli o ka hopena ma waena o ka decomposition thermal a me nā mea pākaukau. E ho&39;ēmi i ka wela o ka&39;ōnaehana pila a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka&39;ōnaehana o ka hana wela anti-kiʻekiʻe, palekana ka pūnaewele.

Aʻo nā mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e like me nā kelepona paʻalima, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui o ka pākaukau pona ma mua o 2AH, a ʻo ka mana o ka mana lithium-ion i hoʻohana ʻia i nā kaʻa uila ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 10ah, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana kūloko ma mua o 55 ° C i ka wā o ka hana maʻamau, a hiki i ka mahana o loko a hiki i 300 ° C, Ma lalo o ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ka nui o ka uku a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā kūlana, ka piʻi ʻana o ka wela a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā kūlana. a me ka puhi pilahi a pahū [3]. Ma waho aʻe o kāna mau mea pane kemika ponoʻī, loaʻa i kekahi poʻe kahi kaapuni pōkole ma muli o ka overheating, overtaking, a me ka hopena mechanical, hiki i kekahi mau mea hana ke alakaʻi i ka hiki ʻana o ka pā lithium-ion e hoʻokau i nā pōʻino palekana. No laila, he mea nui e aʻo a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana wela kiʻekiʻe o nā pā lithium-ion.

He mea nui ka nānā &39;ana i ka wela ma waho o ka mana o ka pumehana lithium-ion no ka pi&39;i &39;ana o ka wela o loko o ka pila. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka ʻōnaehana electrolyte i hoʻohana nui ʻia i loko o nā pākahi lithium-ion kalepa he hopena carbonate hui ʻia o LiPF6. ʻO ia solvent he volatility kiʻekiʻe, wahi uila haʻahaʻa, maʻalahi loa e puhi.

I ka wā o ke kaapuni pōkole kūloko i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hui ʻana a i ʻole deformed, ka uku nui a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana a me ka loaʻa ʻana, e nui ka wela, e hopena i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka mahana pākaukau. I ka hiki ʻana i kahi mahana, e hoʻopau ʻia ke koena wela o ka pākaukau i kahi ʻano o nā hopena decomposition. Ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka wela e kēia mau hopena kemika ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka manawa, e hoʻonui i ka holomua o ka hopena, a hoʻoulu i kahi ʻano o nā ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao hoʻomehana.

Piʻi ikaika ka wela o ka pākaukau, ʻo ia hoʻi, "thermal out of control", a hiki i ke ahi o ka pākaukau, a hiki i ka pahū ʻana. Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, ʻo ke kumu o ka wela ma waho o ka mana o ka pā lithium-ion he mea nui i ka instability thermal o ka electrolyte, a me ka instability thermal o ka electrolyte a me ka coexistence electrode maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole. I kēia manawa, mai kahi hiʻohiʻona nui, he mea nui ka palekana o nā pā lithium-ion mai ka hoʻokele o waho a me ka hoʻolālā i loko e hoʻomalu i ka wela o loko, ka uila, a me ke ea e hoʻokō i nā kumu palekana.

2 E hoʻoholo i ka hoʻolālā hoʻokele wela ma waho o ka mana 2. ʻO ka hoʻokele waho 1) ʻāpana PTC (koehana wela maikaʻi): E hoʻokomo i ka ʻāpana PTC i loko o kahi pākaukau lithium ion, e noʻonoʻo ana i ke kaomi a me ka mahana i loko o ka pākaukau, a i ka wā e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ai ka pākaukau e ka overcharge, ʻo ka pākaukau he 10 ʻO ka piʻi ʻana o ke kūʻē i ka palena o kēia manawa, a ua hoʻemi ʻia ka uila ma waena o nā pou maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole i kahi uila palekana e ʻike ai i ka hana palekana o ka pā. 2) Pahū-hōʻoia valve: I ka nui o ka pākaukau ma muli o ka abnormal, ka explosion-hōʻoia valve ua deformed, e waiho i loko o ka pākaukau e hoʻohui, oki i ka hoʻopiʻi.

3) Electronics: Hiki i ka 2 ~ 4 mau pahu pahu ke hoʻonani i ka hoʻolālā uila uila lithium ion protector, pale i ka overcharge a over-discharge, pale i nā pōʻino palekana, hoʻonui i ke ola pākaukau. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo kēia mau ʻano mana o waho he hopena, akā ua hoʻohui kēia mau mea hana hou i ka paʻakikī a me ke kumukūʻai hana o ka pākaukau, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopau piha i ka pilikia o ka palekana pākaukau. No laila, pono e hoʻokumu i kahi mīkini palekana palekana intrinsic.

2.2 Hoʻomaikaʻi i ka electrolyte electrolyte electrolyte ma ke ʻano he lithium ion battery, ʻo ke ʻano o ka electrolyte e hoʻoholo pololei i ka hana o ka pākaukau, ka mana o ka pākaukau, ka pae wela hana, ka hana pōʻai a me ka hana palekana he mea nui. I kēia manawa, nā ʻōnaehana hoʻonā electrolytic pākaukau lithium-ion pāʻoihana, ʻo ka mea hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo LIPF6, vinyl carbonate a me linear carbonate.

ʻO ka mua he mea waiwai nui, a ʻo kā lākou hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi mau palena e pili ana i ka hana pākaukau. I ka manawa like, hoʻohana ʻia ka nui o ka paila haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka carbonate solvent i ka electrolyte, aia ma nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. ʻO Flash, aia kahi pōʻino palekana nui.

No laila, nui nā mea noiʻi e ho&39;āʻo e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻōnaehana electrolyte e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana palekana o nā electrolytes. I ka hihia kahi i loli ʻole ai ka mea kino nui o ka pākaukau (me ka mea electrode, ka diaphragm material, ka electrolyte material) i kahi manawa pōkole, ʻo ke kūpaʻa o ka electrolyte he ala nui ia e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka palekana o nā pā lithium ion. 2.

2.1 Loaʻa ka liʻiliʻi o nā mea hoʻohui hana hoʻohui hana, kahi hiʻohiʻona i manaʻo ʻia. ʻO ia hoʻi, hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui i kekahi hana macroscopic o ka pākaukau me ka ʻole o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke kaʻina hana me ka ʻole o ka hoʻololi ʻana a i ʻole ke kumu kūʻai pākaukau hou.

No laila, ua lilo nā mea hoʻohui hana i wahi wela i ka pā lithium-ion o kēia mau lā, ʻo ia kekahi o nā ala hoʻohiki maikaʻi loa i kēia manawa ka hopena pathogenic maikaʻi loa o ka lithium-ion battery electrolyte. ʻO ka hoʻohana maʻamau o ka mea hoʻohui i mea e pale ai i ka wela o ka pākaukau mai ke kiʻekiʻe loa a ua kaupalena ʻia ka uila uila i ka pae mana. No laila, noʻonoʻo ʻia ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka additive mai ke ʻano o ka mahana a me ka hiki ke hoʻouka.

Pākuʻi hoʻopaʻa ahi: Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka mea hoʻohui i ka lapalapa ahi i nā mea hoʻohui i ka phosphorus flame retardant mea hoʻohui, kahi mea hoʻohui hoʻopaʻa ahi i loko o ka nitrogen, kahi mea hoʻohui hoʻopaʻa ahi ma muli o ke silika, a me kahi mea hoʻohui hoʻohui ahi. 5 mau mahele nui. ʻO ka phosphorescell-flame retardant organik: ʻO ka mea nui e komo i kekahi mau alkyl phosphate, alkyl phosphite, fluorinated phosphate, a me phosphate nitrile pūhui.

He mea koʻikoʻi ka mīkini hoʻopaʻa ahi i ke kaulahao o nā molekole hoʻopaʻa ahi e keʻakeʻa ana i nā radical manuahi hydrogen, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo ka mīkini hopu radical manuahi. Hoʻokuʻu ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka phosphorus i nā radical manuahi, ka hiki o nā radical manuahi e hoʻopau i kahi hopena kaulahao. Pākuʻi lapalapa ahi: ʻO ka phosphate nui, triethyl phosphate (TEP), tributyl phosphate (TBP), etc.

Phosphate nitrile pūhui e like me hexamethyl phosphazene (HMPN), alkyl phosphite e like me trimethyl phosphite (TMPI), ekolu - (2,2,2-trifluoroethyl), phosphite (TT-FP), fluorinated acid ester, e like me ekolu-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) phosphate (TFP), di-(2,2,2-MP) (2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) - diethyl phosphate (TDP), phenylphosphate (DPOF), etc. he mea hoʻohui maikaʻi i ka lapalapa ahi. ʻO ka phosphate maʻamau he viscosity nui, maikaʻi ʻole electrochemical paʻa, a me ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka lapalapa ahi he hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka conductivity ionic o ka electrolyte a me ka hoʻohuli ʻana o ka electrolyte me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka refractiveness o ka electrolyte.

ʻO ka mea maʻamau: 1 maʻiʻo kalapona o nā hui alkyl hou; 2 pūʻulu ʻala (phenyl) i pani ʻia i ka pūʻulu alkyl; 3 hana i ka phosphate cyclic structure. Mea hoʻoheheʻe halogenated (mea hoʻoheheʻe halogenated): mea nui ka pale ahi halogenic organik i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi flu. Ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻia ʻana o H e F, ua loli kona mau waiwai kino, e like me ka emi ʻana o ka helu heheʻe, ka emi ʻana o ka viscosity, ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka paʻa kemika a me ka electrochemical, etc.

He mea nui ka mea halogenic flame retardant e hoʻokomo i nā carbonates fluorocyclic, fluoro-chain carbonates a me alkyl-perfluorodecane ether, etc. ʻO OHMI a me nā mea hoʻohālikelike fluororethyl ether, nā pūhui fluoride i loaʻa i ka fluoride i hōʻike i ka hoʻohui ʻana o 33.3% (haʻina puʻupuʻu) 0.

67 mol / lliclo4 / Ec + DEC + PC (volume ratio 1: 1: 1) electrolyte loaʻa kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ma mua o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe organik EC, DEC a me PC, hiki ke hana wikiwiki i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni SEI ma ka ʻili o ka graphite maoli, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka uku mua a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o Cullen pono a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana. ʻAʻole i loaʻa i ka fluoride ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hana hopu radical manuahi o ka flame retardant i hōʻike ʻia ma luna nei, e hoʻoheheʻe wale i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ka flammable co-solvents, no laila ʻo ka hapa nui o ka leo i ka electrolyte ka hapa nui (70%) Ke hiki ʻole ke puhi ʻia ka electrolyte. Pākuʻi lapalapa ahi: ʻO ka mea hoʻopaʻa ahi hui i hoʻohana ʻia i kēia manawa i ka electrolyte he pūhui PF a me kahi pūhui NP-papa, he hexamethylphosphoride koʻikoʻi (HMPA), fluorophosphate, etc.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka hopena hoʻopaʻa ahi ma o ka hoʻohana synergistic o ʻelua mau mea pale ahi. FEI et al. Manaʻo ʻelua mau mea hoʻopaneʻe ahi NP MEEP a me MEE, a ua hōʻike ʻia kona ʻano molekala ma ke Kiʻi 1.

Licf3SO3 / MeEP: PC = 25:75, hiki i ka electrolyte ke hōʻemi i ka flammability o 90%, a hiki i ka conductivity ke hiki i 2.5 × 10-3S / cm. 2) Mea hoʻohui i hoʻonui ʻia: E hana ʻia ke ʻano o nā hopena i ka wā e hoʻonui ʻia ai ka pākaukau lithium-ion.

ʻO ka mea electrolyte (koʻikoʻi ka mea hoʻoheheʻe) e hoʻohuli i ka ʻili o nā hopena decomposition oxidative i ka ʻili o ka electrode maikaʻi, hana ʻia ke kinoea a hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka nui o ka wela, ka hopena i ka piʻi ʻana o ke kaomi kūloko o ka pākaukau a me ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana, a ua pilikia nui ka palekana o ka pā. Mai ka mīkini kumu, he mea nui ka mea hoʻohui hoʻomalu overchaul i ke ʻano oxidative stripping power-type a me ʻelua ʻano ʻano polymerization uila. Mai ke ʻano o ka additive, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka lithium halide, metallocene compound.

I kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka adaprase hou aʻe (BP) a me ka cyclohexylbenzene (CHB) ma redox anti-overchard additives ke kumu i ka wā i ʻoi aku ai ka uila hoʻopiʻi ma mua o ka voli cutoff maʻamau, hoʻomaka ka additive ma ka electrode maikaʻi. ʻO ka hopena o ka oxidation, ka huahana oxidation diffuses i ka electrode maikaʻi ʻole, a loaʻa ka hopena hōʻemi. Hoʻopili ʻia ka oxidation ma waena o nā pou maikaʻi a me nā pole maikaʻi ʻole, e hoʻopaʻa i ka uku keu.

He ferrocene kona mau mea waiwai a me kona derivative, ferrid 2,2-pyridine a me kahi paʻakikī o 1,10-pili glenoline, thiol derivative. Pākuʻi polymerization anti-hoʻopiha hoʻohui. ʻO nā mea i hōʻike ʻia he cyclohexylbenzene, biphenyl a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

Ke hoʻohana ʻia ka biphenyl ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui mua, ke piʻi ka volta i ka 4.5 a i ka 4.7V, ua hoʻohui ʻia ka biphenyl i electrochemically polymerized, e hana ana i kahi papa o ke kiʻi conductive ma ka ʻili o ka electrode maikaʻi, e hoʻonui ana i ke kūpaʻa kūloko o ka pākaukau, a laila e kaupalena ana i ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i ka pā uila pale.

2.2.2 Ion wai ion wai electrolyte ua piha i ka yin a me ka cation.

Ma muli o ka nāwaliwali o nā interi a i ʻole nā ​​cationic volumes, nāwaliwali ka waena, ʻaʻole like ka puʻunaue electron, a hiki i ka oan-censoon ke kūʻokoʻa e neʻe i ka lumi wela, ʻo ia ka wai. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i imidazole, pyrazole, pyridine, quaternary ammonium paʻakai, etc. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kūlohelohe maʻamau o nā pā lithium ion, ʻo nā wai ionic he 5 mau pono: 1 kiʻekiʻe thermal stability, 200 ° C ʻaʻole hiki ke decompose; ʻO ke kaomi mahu 2 kokoke i 0, mai hopohopo e pili ana i ka pākaukau; ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka wai ionic ʻAʻohe corrosiveness; Loaʻa iā 4 kahi conductivity uila kiʻekiʻe; 5 maikaʻi ka paʻa kemika a i ʻole ka electrochemical.

ʻO AN a i ʻole nā ​​mea like e like me PP13TFSI a me 1Mollipf6ec / Dec (1: 1) i loko o kahi electrolyte, hiki ke hoʻokō i nā hopena ʻaʻole wahie, a hoʻohui i 2 wt% liboB additive i kēia ʻōnaehana e hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka hoʻopili pili. ʻO ka pilikia wale nō e pono e hoʻoponopono ʻia ʻo ka conductivity o ka ion i ka ʻōnaehana electrolyte. 2.

2.3 Ke koho ʻana i ka paʻa wela o ka paʻakai lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) he paʻakai lithium electrolyte i hoʻohana nui ʻia i loko o kahi pākaukau lithium-ion waiwai. ʻOiai ʻaʻole maikaʻi kona ʻano hoʻokahi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kāna hana holoʻokoʻa.

Eia nō naʻe, loaʻa i ka LiPF6 kona hemahema, no ka laʻana, ʻo LiPF6 ka mea kemika a thermodynamically ʻaʻole paʻa, a hiki mai ka hopena: LIPF (6S) → LIF (S) + PF (5G), ʻo ka hopena i hana ʻia PF5 he maʻalahi ke hoʻouka i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe organik i ka atom oxygen Lonely i nā electrons, ka hopena i ka polymerization open loop a me nā paʻa kiʻekiʻe o ka hopena koʻikoʻi o ka hopena. ʻO ka noiʻi ʻana i kēia manawa e pili ana i nā paʻakai electrolyte kiʻekiʻe i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā māla paʻakai lithium organik. He mea koʻikoʻi nā mea ʻelele me nā paʻakai paʻakai-boron, nā paʻakai lithium-imine.

ʻO LIB (C2O4) 2 (liboB) he paʻakai electrolyte hou i hana ʻia i nā makahiki i hala. Loaʻa iā ia nā waiwai maikaʻi loa, decomposing wela 302 ° C, hiki ke hana i kahi kiʻi SEI paʻa i kahi electrode maikaʻi ʻole. E hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana o ka graphite i ka hopena electrolytic e pili ana i ka PC, akā nui kona viscosity, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka impedance o ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni SEI [14].

ʻO ka mahana decomposition o LIN (SO2CF3) 2 (Litfsi) ʻo 360 ° C, a ʻo ka conductivity ion i ka mahana maʻamau he haʻahaʻa iki ma mua o LiPF6. He maikaʻi ke kūpaʻa electrochemical, a ʻo ka hiki ke hoʻokahe ʻia e pili ana i 5.0V, ʻo ia ka paʻakai lithium nui loa, akā ʻo ia ka corrosion koʻikoʻi o Al base set fluid.

2.2.4 Polymer Electrolyte He nui nā ʻeke lithium ion waiwai e hoʻohana ana i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe carbonate hiki ke hoʻā a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, inā hiki ke kumu i ke ahi.

ʻO kēia ka ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka pā lithium-ion o ka mana kiʻekiʻe, ka nui o ka ikehu kiʻekiʻe. Ma kahi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā electrolytes polymer unscrupulous ma kahi o nā electrolytes wai wai kūlohelohe, hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka palekana o nā pā lithium-ion. Ua holomua ka noiʻi ʻana o ka polymer electrolyte, ʻoi aku ka gel-type polymer electrolyte.

I kēia manawa, ua hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻia i nā ʻoihana lithium-ion pāʻoihana. Wahi a ka hoʻohālikelike kino polymer, he mea nui ka gel polymer electrolyte me nā ʻano ʻekolu: PAN-based polymer electrolyte, PMMA polymer electrolyte, PVDF-based polymer electrolyte. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka gel-type polymer electrolyte he hopena maoli nō ia o ka hoʻololi ʻana o kahi electrolyte polymer maloʻo a me kahi hoʻololi electrolyte wai, a he nui nā hana e hana ai i nā pākahi polymer ʻano gel.

2.3 Hiki i ka mea maikaʻi ke hoʻoholo i ka paʻa ʻole o ka mea electrode maikaʻi inā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka volta mokuʻāina ma luna o 4V, a ua maʻalahi ka hoʻoulu ʻana i kahi wela i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe e hoʻoheheʻe i ka oxygen, oxygen a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik e hoʻomau i ka nui o ka wela a me nā kinoea ʻē aʻe, e hoʻemi i ka palekana o ka pākaukau [2, 17-19]. No laila, ua manaʻo ʻia ka hopena o ka electrode maikaʻi a me ka electrolyte he kumu nui o ka wela.

E pili ana i ka mea maʻamau, hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ʻano maʻamau o kona palekana ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka uhi. No ka ili ili o ka pono electrode mea me MgO, A12O3, SiO2, TiO2, ZnO, SnO2, ZrO2, etc., hiki ke hoemi i ka hopena o Die +-hope maikaʻi a me ka electrolyte i ka hoemi ana i ka chromatography o ka maikai electrode, inhibiting ka mahele hoololi o ka maikai electrode waiwai.

E hoʻomaikaʻi i kona kūlana paʻa, e hōʻemi i ka pale ʻana o ka cation i ka lattice, a laila e hōʻemi i ka hopena lua o ke kaʻina hana. 2.4 Ke hoʻohana nei nā mea kalapona i kahi ʻāpana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka uku a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana, kahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana, kahi kūlana kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, kahi kūlana wela maikaʻi, kahi thermostability kiʻekiʻe, kahi thermostability kiʻekiʻe, kahi thermostability kiʻekiʻe.

E like me ka intermediate phase carbon microspheres (MCMB), a i ʻole Li9Ti5o12 o ka spinel structure, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka paʻa o ka laminated graphite [20]. ʻO ke ʻano o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana o nā mea kalapona he mea nui ia i ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻili (ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka ʻili, ka halogenation o ka ʻili, ka pale kalapona, ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, ka metala metala, ka uhi polymer) a i ʻole ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka metala a i ʻole ka doping non-metallic. 2.

5 ʻO ka diaphragm i kēia manawa i hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻeke lithium-ion pāʻoihana he mea polyolefin, a ʻo kona mau hemahema koʻikoʻi he wela a ʻaʻole maikaʻi ke komo ʻana o ka wai electrolytic. I mea e lanakila ai i kēia mau hemahema, ua ho&39;āʻo ka poʻe noiʻi i nā ʻano he nui, e like me ka ʻimi ʻana i nā mea paʻa wela, a i ʻole e hoʻohui i kahi mea liʻiliʻi o Al2O3 a i ʻole SiO2 nanopowdia, ʻaʻole i loaʻa kahi diaphragm maʻamau, akā loaʻa pū kekahi i ka thermal stability o ka mea electrode maikaʻi. hoʻohana.

ʻO MIAO et al, polyimide nano nonwoven fabrication i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e ke ʻano wili electrostatic. ʻO DR a me TGA-like characterization &39;o ia hoʻi ka hōʻike ʻana ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke mālama wale i ke kūpaʻa wela ma 500 ° C, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka electrolyte infiltration e pili ana i ka diaphragm CELGARD. Ua hoʻomākaukau ʻo WANG et al iā AL2O3-PVDF nanoscopic microporous membrane, e hōʻike ana i nā waiwai electrochemical maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa wela, e ʻoluʻolu i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻokaʻawale pākahi lithium-ion.

3 Hōʻuluʻulu a nānā i mua i nā pā lithium-ion no nā kaʻa uila a me ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu, ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā mea uila liʻiliʻi, a ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻohana ʻana. I ka hōʻuluʻuluʻana, hiki iā mākou keʻike i ka lōʻihi o kona palekana mai ka hoʻoholoʻana, a ua lilo i ka bottleneckʻenehana i kēia manawa. Pono ka hana ma hope e hohonu i ka hopena wela e hiki ke hopena i ka pila ma hope o ka hana ʻino, a e ʻimi i kahi ala kūpono e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hana palekana o ka pākaukau lithium ion.

I kēia manawa, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka fluorine-containing solvent and flame retardant additives he kuhikuhi koʻikoʻi no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi pākaukau lithium-ion palekana. Pehea e hoʻohālikelike ai i ka hana electrochemical a me ka palekana wela kiʻekiʻe e nānā i ka noiʻi e hiki mai ana. No ka laʻana, hoʻomohala ʻia kahi hui hoʻohui pū P, N, F, a me CL, a me kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe organik i loaʻa kahi paila kiʻekiʻe, kūkulu ʻia kahi kiko uila kiʻekiʻe, a hana ʻia kahi hopena electrolytic o ka hana palekana kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO nā mea hoʻopaʻa ahi hoʻohuihui, nā mea hoʻohui hana ʻelua e lilo i mau ʻano hoʻomohala e hiki mai ana. E pili ana i ka lithium ion battery electrode material, ʻokoʻa nā waiwai kemika o ka mea, ke ʻano o ka naʻau o ka mea electrode ma ka hoʻopiʻi a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana ʻaʻole i kūlike, a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana i hoʻokahi a i kaupalena ʻia paha i nā electrode / electrolyte / additives i nā hoʻolālā hoʻolālā āpau. No laila, i ka wā e hiki mai ana, pono mākou e kālele i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana pākahi like ʻole no nā mea electrode kikoʻī.

I ka manawa like, ke hoʻomohala nei ia i kahi ʻōnaehana polimer lithium-ion me ka palekana kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka electrolyte paʻa inorganic me ka cation conductive a me ka lawe ion wikiwiki a me ka thermostability kiʻekiʻe. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana wai ionic, ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana synthetic maʻalahi a maʻalahi hoʻi he ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o ka noiʻi e hiki mai ana.