Lefapha la Tikoloho ea Tikoloho le phatlalalitse hore qalo ea taolo ea tšilafalo ea betri ea lead lead e tla hlophisa hore na betri e hlaphoheloa joang?

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - Pārnēsājamas spēkstacijas piegādātājs

Haufinyane tjena, Lekala la Tikoloho ea Tikoloho le ile la fana ka maemo a ts&39;ireletso ea tikoloho ea mmuso "Litsila tsa lithium-ion matla a polokelo ea betri kalafo ea ts&39;ilafalo ea theknoloji (Draft for Comment)" (eo ka mor&39;a moo e bitsoang "Technical Specifications"), e reretsoeng ho thibela litšila tsa lithium-ion libeteri tsa polokelo ea matla ho tloha ho silafatsa tikoloho, ho sireletsa bophelo bo botle ba batho. China e na le &39;maraka o moholo ka ho fetisisa oa likoloi tse ncha lefatšeng, lilemong tsa morao tjena, tsoelo-pele e potlakile. Betri ea lithium ion e nkoa e le e &39;ngoe ea lisele tsa matla tse ratoang ke likoloi tse ncha tsa matla ka lebaka la melemo ea eona ea matla a matla a matla, ts&39;ebetso e nyenyane ea ho itšeha, tšebeliso e ka sebelisoang hape.

Ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore ka lebaka la bophelo bo fokolang ba betri ea lithium-ion, thekenoloji e ntse e ntlafatsoa ka mokhoa o tsoelang pele, &39;me betri ea lithium-ion e haufi le ho kenya sekhahla, e hlakotsoe "tlhōrō e nyenyane". Haeba betri ea polokelo ea matla a litšila e sa nepahala, e tla tlisa mathata a kang bophelo bo botle, polokeho, tšilafalo ea tikoloho. Joale "Technical Specification" e bolela eng bakeng sa indasteri ea naha ea heso ea ho khutlisa betri? Ke mofuta ofe oa ts&39;ebeliso ea ts&39;ebeliso ea ntlafatso ea lisebelisoa, le taolo ea ts&39;ilafalo ea betri ea matla a litšila, le mokhoa oa ho khothaletsa? E le ho ntlafatsa lipalo-palo tsa tsamaiso, selemong sena betri ea naha ea heso e tsamaisoang e tla kena tekanyo ea ho tlohela mosebetsi, ho ea ka 70% e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa ho bala lere, hoo e ka bang lithane tse 60 000 tsa betri ea matla li hloka ho tlosoa.

Ts&39;ebetso ea betri ea matla e atametse. Moo u ka senyang polokelo ea matla ea lithium ion, mokhoa oa ho fumana mokhoa o hloekileng, o motala, o bolokehileng, mathata ana a fetoha sepheo sa mathata a indasteri. Ho hlahisoa ha "Technical Specifications" ho ka lumella indasteri ho nts&39;etsapele litsela.

"Litlhaloso tsa Technical" pele li fana ka tlhaloso e hlakileng ea "litsila tsa lithium ion polokelo ea matla": ho lahleheloa ke boleng ba tšebeliso ea pele, kapa betri ea polokelo ea matla ea lithium-ion e sa lahlehang, empa e lahliloe kapa e lahliloe, ha e kenyeletse ho khutla ho ka sehloohong ha sethala sa bophelo Ho lemoha phoso, ho lokisa betri e nchafalitsoeng ea lithium-ion matla a polokelo ea matla. Ho feta moo, ho tloha likarolong tsa litlhoko tsa thekenoloji ea taolo ea tšilafalo, litlhoko tsa tsamaiso ea tikoloho ea ts&39;ebetso, litlhoko tsa tsamaiso ea tšohanyetso ea tikoloho, joalo-joalo. "Hona joale, litlhoko tsa indasteri bakeng sa ts&39;ireletso ea tikoloho, ho hlahisoa ha" Technical Specifications ", ka ho ba teng kapa kotsi e ka &39;nang ea e-ba teng ea tšilafalo ea betri ea hona joale ea matla, ho etsa botala ba ts&39;ebetso ea ts&39;ebetso ea betri ea matla, ho khothalletsa nts&39;etsopele ea indasteri e tsitsitseng haholoanyane.

"Mofuputsi oa Setsi sa Boenjiniere ba Ts&39;ebetso ea Setsi sa Setsi sa Mahlale sa China" Litaba tsa Saense ea China ". "Pele ho mona, naha ea heso e ne e sa hlahise ka ho khetheha litlhoko tsa thibelo ea tšilafalo bakeng sa indasteri ea ho khutlisa betri ea matla, ke melao e akaretsang feela. "Yang Qingyu, motlatsi oa mongoli-kakaretso oa China Battery Alliance, o lumela hore e le karolo ea bohlokoa ea tsamaiso eohle ea tsamaiso ea li-recycling," Technical Specifications "e na le litšobotsi tsa indasteri ka boeona, &39;me e fana ka litlhoko tse qaqileng le tse khethehileng bakeng sa taolo ea tšilafalo lik&39;hamphaning tse tsamaisanang le lisebelisoa, ho thusa indastering ea matla a ho tsosolosa betri ho ea botala, ho fetola tikoloho le ho ntlafatsa tsoelo-pele.

Ha e le hantle, lilemong tsa morao tjena, maano a matla a matla a ho tsosolosa betri a &39;nile a tsoela pele ho ntlafatsa, ho kenyelletsa mekhoa ea ho laola betri ea matla, tsamaiso ea traceability, kaho ea sethaleng sa tsamaiso, maemo a tloaelehileng, kaho ea motlakase le ts&39;ebetso, joalo-joalo, le ho haha ​​​​ho tsosolosa matla a betri le ho sebelisa bophelo bo feletseng ba potoloho ea naha Sistimi e tataisang indasteri ea ntlafatso ea bophelo bo botle, ho khothaletsa ts&39;ireletso ea betri ea matla le ts&39;ebetso e hlophisehileng. Tataiso ea maano e khothaletsa tlhokomeliso ea ntlafatso ea likhoebo.

Ho latela lipalo-palo tsa China Battery Alliance, ho tloha ka Hlakola 2020, lik&39;hamphani tse 130 naheng ena li phatlalalitse lits&39;ebeletso tse 11229 tsa ts&39;ebetso, &39;me k&39;hamphani e tloaelehileng ea likoloi e phatlalalitse mabenkele a 86 a ho e sebelisa hape. "Sistimi ea leano e ntse e theoa butle-butle, boemo bo ntse bo ntlafatsoa butle-butle, &39;me kaho ea tsamaiso eohle ea liteishene le eona e bile ho feta. Ho boletse Yang Qingyu.

Ho fapana le litlhoko tse fapaneng tsa litlhoko tse fapaneng, ntlafatso e tsoelang pele ea taolo ea tšilafalo ea ketane ea matla, e khothalletsang nts&39;etsopele e tsitsitseng e tala ea indasteri. Mabapi le litlhoko tsa thekenoloji ea taolo ea tšilafalo, "Litlhaloso tsa Technical" li hlalositsoe ka botlalo ho tsoa litlhoko tsa thekenoloji ea taolo ea tšilafalo, litlhoko tsa thekenoloji ea ho felisa tšilafalo. Sun Wei o boletse hore ho latela tsela ea tekheniki, ho na le mefuta e &39;meli ea mantlha ea lits&39;ebetso tsa indasteri.

Mofuta o mong ke mokhoa oa ho hlaphoheloa ha motsoako oa mollo-mollo, e le hore betri ea litšila e lokisetsoe ke ho qhibiliha ha mocheso o phahameng, karohano e eketsehileng ea metsi le ho hloekisa, e leng se hlahisang lihlahisoa tse amanang. Mofuta o mong ke pyrolysis pretreatment - wet metallurgy kopantseng recycling tshebetso. Ke hore, taba ea manyolo ea betri ea litšila e qala ho tlosoa, &39;me ho khethoa ho khethoa, phofo e ntšo e nang le likarolo tse ngata tsa lithium e fumanoa, ebe phofo e ntšo e tsosolosoa ke mokhoa oa ho ntša metsi ho lokisa lisebelisoa tse ntle tsa betri.

"Litsela tsena tse peli li na le tšobotsi, tšepo eohle &39;ho tloha ka betere&39;, ebe &39;khutlela betri&39;. "Sun Wei o itse. Ha e le hantle, mabapi le indasteri ea ho tsosolosa betri ea matla, naha ea heso e tsoetse pele, "hobane mathata a rona le litlhoko tsa rona li hlahile pejana, ka potlako".

Libetri tsa matla a litšila tsa lithium-ion tse kenyelletsang ho bokella, ho boloka, ho tsamaisa le ho ntša, ho pshatla, ho hlophisa, ho ntša tšepe, joalo-joalo, likarolo tse fapaneng li na le litlhoko tse fapaneng tsa taolo ea tšilafalo. Yang Qingyu o ile a bolella "China Science News", pokellong ea polokelo, a lebisa tlhokomelo bothateng ba ho lutla ha electrolyte.

Lithium hexafluorophosphate ke karolo ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ea electrolyte, hoo e ka bang 43% ea electrolyte, ho bonolo ho volatilize, ho lokolla tšilafalo ea hydrogen fluoride ho tikoloho. Mofuteng oa ho qhaqhoa, sehokelo sa ho qhibilihisa se hloka ho netefatsa khetho ea sebaka sa ts&39;ebetso, le kalafo ea metsi a litšila a tsoang ho metsi a litšila. "Lemoha pholiso ea polokeho e tala, haufi le sebaka se koaletsoeng ke likhoebo, lisebelisoa tsa tikoloho, theknoloji ea ts&39;ireletso ea tikoloho, jj.

"Sun Wei o boetse a re kotsi ea tšilafalo ea tikoloho ea betri ke e &39;ngoe ea litaba tse amehang haholo indastering. Ntle le ho lutla ha electrolyte, ho boetse ho na le tšilafalo ea tšepe e boima ea nickel ea koporo, masala a litšila a bobeli nakong ea phekolo; ho phaella moo, haeba phekolo e sa nepahale, motlakase o setseng o ka &39;na oa baka mollo o sa reroang, ho phatloha, joalo-joalo. O bontšitse hore "ts&39;ebetso ea pele ea kalafo ke sepheo sa taolo ea ts&39;ilafalo ea matla a betri.

"Lilemong tsa morao tjena, lik&39;hamphani tse amehang li se li qalile ho rala mokhoa oa ho nahana ka mokhoa oa ho etsa hore ho be bonolo haholoanyane, ho bolokehe le ho se be le tikoloho ha betri e hlaphoheloa karolong e ka pele ea betri. "Ho nahanela litlhoko tsa likoloi tsa motlakase, bothata bo ntse bo le boholo, empa ho na le boiteko ba lapeng le linaheng tse ling ho hlahloba. "Sun Wei o itse.

Litebello li na le mefuta e mengata ea lipatlisiso tse tsoelang pele, &39;me tsoelo-pele e potlakileng ea likoloi tse ncha tsa matla e lebisitse kholong ea lisele tsa matla tsa lithium-ion, hape e tlisitse tebello e pharaletseng ea&39; maraka ho tsosolosoa ha libeteri tsa matla a lithium ion. Ho na le ponelopele ea data, ka 2020, &39;maraka oa naha ea heso oa ho nchafatsa betri o tla fihla ho li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 10.7, tseo e ka bang 6.

Li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 4 liporong, &39;me mmaraka oa nchafatso o ka ba li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 4.3. Yang Qingyu o boletse hore motheo oa ts&39;ebetso ea betri ke ho lelefatsa bophelo bo felletseng ba betri, ho ntlafatsa boleng ba ho nchafatsa.

Har&39;a bona, lere la betri le tšoaneloa ke tlhokomelo, ho tloha ho betri ea matla e laoloang ho tloha koloing e ncha ea matla, ho ea ka ts&39;ireletso ea ts&39;ireletso le tekanyo ea bophelo, e ka boela ea sebelisoa ho likoloi tsa motlakase tse lebelo le tlaase, libaesekele tsa motlakase, polokelo ea matla e nyenyane e ajoang. "Ntle le thekenoloji, indasteri ea hona joale e amehile haholo ka tekanyo ea ho tsosolosa le moruo. "Yang Qingyu o itšepa, palo ea libeteri tsa motlakase tse tlohetseng mosebetsi &39;marakeng e ka tlase ho litebello tsa indasteri, ho hlaphoheloa ha hoa lekana, ho haella ha sekala e kanna ea ba bothata bo atileng ba likhoebo tse nchafatsang betri.

Ka pono ea hae, lebaka le ka kenyelletsa tlhokomeliso ea bareki, liteishene tsa ho nchafatsa ha li boreleli, jj. "Ha matla a betri a fokotsehile ho 80%, a fihla boemong ba likoloi tsa koloi, empa betri e phahame, &39;me moreki o tla&39; nkela betri sebaka ha e tšoane le lilemo tse peli. "Yang Qingyu o boletse hore ka kakaretso, betri e tlohetse mosebetsi, indasteri e pharaletseng, lehlakore le leng le hloka ho tataisa bareki ho tsosolosa libeteri ka liteishene tse tloaelehileng, ka lehlakoreng le leng, ho matlafatsa tsamaiso.

Li Jinhui, Moprofesa Li Jinhui, Tsinghua University Environmental College, ponong ea morao-rao ea pampiri ea Seboka sa Machaba sa Bo-15 sa Tsamaiso ea Matlakala le Theknoloji, kaho ea hajoale ea sistimi ea naha ea heso ea ho nchafatsa betri ea matla ha ea phethahala. Hajoale, sistimi ea ts&39;ebetso ea betri ea matla e itšetlehile haholo ka kaho ea likhoebo tsa tlhahiso ea likoloi, ho na le kotsi e itseng ea ts&39;ireletso, &39;me botsebi ba basebetsi ha boa lekana. Ntle le moo, ts&39;ireletso ea sistimi ea ho khutlisa betri ea matla e ea eketseha, &39;me litšenyehelo tsa ho hlaphoheloa ka kakaretso li phahame,&39; me katleho ea ho tsosolosa le ho e sebelisa ha e bonahale.

Tšebelisano-&39;moho ea likhoebo tse holimo le tse tlase e lokela ho matlafatsoa, ​​&39;me kabo ea lisebelisoa tsa mokhoa oa ho tsosolosa o hloka ho ntlafatsoa. Ka pono ea Letsatsi, bokamoso bo hloka ho matlafatsa boemo ba boits&39;oaro ba theknoloji ea ho khutlisa betri le lisebelisoa. "Ka lebaka la phapang ea phapang pakeng tsa betri pakete, ho na le ntlafatso e kholo ho theknoloji ea ho qhaqha le mahlale a mang.

"Litsebi li bontšitse hore hoa hlokahala ho theha ketane e etelletsoeng pele ke k&39;hamphani ea ho sebelisa betri hape, hape ho hlokahala ho khothaletsa tataiso, tšehetso ea mahlale, tšehetso ea sechaba, jj. Litaba tsa mahlale tsa China.