Dhipatimendi reEcological Environment rakazivisa kuti simba rinotungamira bhatiri kudzora kusvibiswa kwekutanga richagadzira kuti kupora kwebhatiri kwakadii?

著者：Iflowpower – Dodavatel přenosných elektráren

Munguva ichangopfuura, Bazi reEcological Environment rakapa mamiriro ekudzivirira kwezvakatipoteredza "Waste lithium-ion simba rekuchengetedza bhatiri kurapwa kusvibiswa kwekudzora tekinoroji (Draft for Comment)" (inozonzi "Technical Specifications"), yakanangana nekudzivirira tsvina lithium-ion magetsi ekuchengetedza mabhatiri kubva pakusvibisa nharaunda, kudzivirira hutano hwevanhu. China ine musika mukuru wepasi rose wemagetsi auto, mumakore achangopfuura, kusimudzira kwekusimudzira kuri kukurumidza. Iyo lithium ion bhatiri inoonekwa seimwe yemasero emagetsi anofarirwa nemotokari nyowani dzesimba nekuda kwezvakanaka zvaro zvehuwandu hwesimba, kudiki-kuzviburitsa kuita, kushandiswa zvakare.

Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti nekuda kwehupenyu hushoma hwebhatiri ye-lithium-ion, teknolojia inoramba ichivandudzwa, uye lithiamu-ion bhatiri yava kuda kuunza muyero, yakaraswa "peak duku". Kana bhatiri rekuchengetedza simba remarara risina kunaka, richaunza matambudziko akadai sehutano, kuchengeteka, kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza. Saka "Technical Specification" inorevei kune nyika yangu ine simba rekudzoreredza bhatiri indasitiri? Ndeupi rudzi rwekusimudzira kwekushandisazve zviwanikwa, uye kudzora kusvibiswa kwemarara emagetsi bhatiri, uye nzira yekusimudzira? Kuti uvandudze masisitimu ehurongwa, gore rino bhatiri renyika yangu rine simba richapinda pachiyero chekurega basa, maererano ne70% inogona kushandiswa kuverengera manera, anenge 60,000 matani emagetsi bhatiri anoda kuraswa.

Simba rekushandisa bhatiri rave pedyo. Kupi kwekutambisa simba re lithium ion, nzira yekuwana yakachena, yakasvibira, yakachengeteka nzira, aya matambudziko anova akatarisana neindasitiri zvinonetsa. Kuunzwa kwe "Technical Specifications" inogona kubvumira indasitiri kugadzira migwagwa.

"Technical Specifications" inotanga kupa tsanangudzo yakajeka ye "marara lithium ion simba rekuchengetedza": kurasikirwa nekushandiswa kwepakutanga kukosha, kana kuti lithium-ion simba rekuchengetedza bhatiri risina kurasika, asi rakaraswa kana kuti rakasiiwa, harisanganisi kudzoka kukuru kwehupenyu hwesherufu Kuona kukanganisa, kugadzirisa kugadziridza bhatiri rekuchengetedza simba re lithium-ion. Kupfuurirazve, kubva kuzvinhu zvekusvibisa tekinoroji zvinodiwa, kushanda kwemamiriro ekunze zvinodiwa, nharaunda emergency emergency management zvinodiwa, nezvimwe. "Parizvino, zvinodiwa neindasitiri yekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, kuiswa kwe" Technical Specifications ", kuburikidza nekuvapo kana mukana wekusvibisa njodzi yeazvino bhatiri remagetsi, kusvibira nzira yekudzoreredza bhatiri remagetsi, kusimudzira indasitiri yakawedzera kugadzirwa.

"Muongorori weProcess Engineering Institute yeChinese Academy yeSainzi" Chinese Science News ". "Izvi zvisati zvaitika, nyika yangu haina kuisa pamberi pekudzivirira kusvibiswa kweindasitiri yemagetsi kudzoreredza bhatiri, mitemo yakajairwa chete. "Yang Qingyu, mutevedzeri wemunyori mukuru weChina Battery Alliance, anotenda kuti sechikamu chakakosha cheindasitiri yekudzokorodza indasitiri yenormative system," technical Specifications "ine maitiro eindasitiri pachayo, uye inoisa mberi zvakadzama uye zvakanangana zvinodikanwa zvekudzora kusvibisa pamakambani anoenderana anodzokorodza, rubatsiro Musimba rekugadzira bhatiri indasitiri kune yakasvibira, kushandura nharaunda uye kusimudzira kusimudzira.

Muchokwadi, mumakore achangopfuura, masimba emumba bhatiri recycling marongero akaenderera mberi nekuvandudza, anosanganisira simba bhatiri manejimendi nzira, traceability manejimendi, manejimendi papuratifomu kuvaka, mamiriro akajairwa, kuvakwa kwekubuda uye kushanda, nezvimwewo, uye kuvaka simba rekugadzirisa bhatiri uye kushandiswa kuzere hupenyu kutenderera nyika Standard system, kutungamira indasitiri budiriro ine hutano, kukurudzira simba bhatiri kuchengetedzwa uye kurongeka kudzokorodza. Nhungamiro yemitemo inosimudzira ruzivo rwekudzoreredza bhizinesi.

Sekureva kweStatistics yeChina Battery Alliance, kubva muna Kukadzi 2020, makambani zana nemakumi matatu munyika akazivisa 11229 zvitoro zvekudzokorodza basa, uye avhareji kambani yemotokari yakazivisa makumi masere nematanhatu ekudzokorodza zvitoro. "Sitimu yemitemo inoumbwa zvishoma nezvishoma, mwero unovandudzwa zvishoma nezvishoma, uye kuvakwa kweiyo nzira yekudzokorodza nzira kwave kwakawanda. Yang Qingyu akadaro.

Yakasiyana nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana zvezvinodiwa zvakasiyana, kuenderera mberi kwekuvandudzwa kwekudzora kusvibiswa kweketani yemagetsi, kusimudzira kusvibirira kwakasimba kweindasitiri. Panyaya yezvinoda kusvibisa tekinoroji yekudzora tekinoroji, iyo "Technical Specifications" yakatsanangurwa kubva kune zvinodikanwa zvekusvibisa tekinoroji tekinoroji, kupedzisa kusvibiswa kwekudzora tekinoroji zvinodiwa. Sun Wei akataura kuti maererano nehunyanzvi nzira, kune maviri makuru marudzi emaindasitiri ekushandisa.

Imwe mhando ndeye moto-wet joint recovery process, kuitira kuti bhatiri remarara rigadziriswe nekunyungudika kwekushisa kwakanyanya, kuwedzera kunyorova kuparadzaniswa uye kucheneswa, zvichikonzera zvigadzirwa zvine hukama. Imwe mhando ndeye pyrolysis pretreatment - wet metallurgy yakasanganiswa kudzokorodza maitiro. Ndiko kuti, iyo organic nyaya yebhatiri yakaraswa inotanga kubviswa, uye kurongedza kunosarudzwa, iyo yakasviba poda yakapfuma mu-lithium-rich elements inowanikwa, uye ipapo hupfu hwakasviba hunodzoserwa nekunyorova leaching process kuti iwedzere kugadzirira bhatiri yakanaka zvinhu.

"Nzira mbiri idzi dzine chimiro, tariro yese &39;kubva kubhatiri&39;, uye &39;dzokera kubhatiri&39;. "Sun Wei akadaro. Muchokwadi, maererano neindasitiri yemagetsi yekudzokorodza bhatiri, nyika yangu yaenda kumberi, "nekuti matambudziko edu uye kudiwa kwakaonekwa kare, nekukurumidza".

Tsvina lithium-ion simba bhatiri rinodzokorodza rinosanganisira kuunganidza, kuchengetedza, kutakura, uye kuburitsa, kutyora, kuronga, kuburitsa simbi, nezvimwe, zvikamu zvakasiyana zvine zvinodiwa zvakasiyana zvekudzora kusvibiswa. Yang Qingyu akaudza "China Science News", mukuunganidzwa kwekuchengetedza, achitarisa padambudziko rekudonha kwe electrolyte.

Lithium hexafluorophosphate ndiyo inonyanya kukosha chikamu che electrolyte, inenge 43% ye electrolyte, zviri nyore kuvhuvhuta, kusunungura hydrogen fluoride kusvibiswa kune zvakatipoteredza. Mumhando yekubvisa, chinonyungudutsa chinoda kuve nechokwadi chekusarudzwa kwenzvimbo yekushanda, uye kurapwa kwemvura yetsvina yetsvina yetsvina. "Ziva kudzoreredza kuchengetedza kwegirinhi, padhuze nekuvharirwa kwemabhizinesi, midziyo yezvakatipoteredza, tekinoroji yekudzivirira kwezvakatipoteredza, nezvimwe.

"Sun Wei akati zvakare njodzi yekusvibiswa kwemagetsi ebhatiri kwezvakatipoteredza ndeimwe yezvinhu zvinonyanya kunetsa muindasitiri iyi. Pamusoro pekudonha kwe electrolyte, kunewo kusvibiswa kwesimbi inorema yemhangura nickel, yechipiri tsvina yakasara panguva yekurapa; uyezve, kana kurapwa kwacho kusina kunaka, magetsi akasara anogona kukonzera kupisa kwega, kuputika, nezvimwewo. Akataura kuti "yaimbova nzira yekurapa ndiyo inotarisisa yesimba rekudzora bhatiri rekudzora kusvibiswa.

"Mumakore achangopfuura, makambani akakodzera akatanga kugadzira maitiro ekufunga kuita zviri nyore, zvakachengeteka uye zvine hushamwari kana bhatiri radzoserwa kumberi kwebhatiri. "Kuti tifunge nezvezvinodiwa zvemotokari dzemagetsi, kuoma kuchiri kwakakura, asi kune kuedza kumba nekune dzimwe nyika kuongorora. "Sun Wei akadaro.

Tarisiro yacho ine huwandu hwakawanda hwekuenderera mberi kwekuongorora, uye kukurumidza kuvandudzwa kwemotokari dzesimba idzva kwakatungamira mukukura kwe lithium-ion magetsi maseru, uye zvakare yakaunza tarisiro yemusika wakafara pakudzokororwazve kwemabhatiri emagetsi e lithium ion. Kune fungidziro yedata, muna 2020, musika wenyika yangu wekudzokorodza bhatiri uchasvika 10.7 bhiriyoni yuan, ayo angangoita matanhatu.

4 bhiriyoni yuan munjanji, uye musika wekuvandudza ungangoita mabhiriyoni 4.3 yuan. Yang Qingyu akati musimboti wekudzokorodza bhatiri ndewekuwedzera hupenyu hwakazara hwebhatiri, kuwedzera kukosha kwekuvandudzwa.

Pakati pavo, manera ebhatiri akakodzera kutariswa, kubva pabhatiri remagetsi rakaburitswa kubva kumotokari nyowani ine simba, maererano nekuchengetedzwa kwekuchengetedza uye kufungidzira kwehupenyu, inogonawo kushandiswa kune yakaderera-speed mota dzemagetsi, mabhasikoro emagetsi, madiki-akagoverwa kuchengetedza simba. "Kuwedzera kune tekinoroji, indasitiri yazvino iri kunetsekana nekudzokorodza chiyero uye hupfumi. "Yang Qingyu ane chivimbo, huwandu hwemabhatiri emagetsi akasiya pamudyandigere ari pazasi pezvinotarisirwa neindasitiri, kudzoreredza hakuna kukwana, kushaikwa kwechiyero chinogona kunge chiri dambudziko rakajairika remabhizinesi ekudzokorodza mabhatiri.

Mukuona kwake, chikonzero chinogona kusanganisira kuziva kwevatengi, nzira dzekudzokorora hadzina kutsvedzerera, nezvimwe. "Kana simba rebhatiri remagetsi radzikira kusvika pa80%, rinosvika payakaraswa chiyero chemotokari, asi bhatiri rakakwira, uye mutengi &39;anotsiva bhatiri haina kunaka semakore maviri. "Yang Qingyu akataura kuti kazhinji, bhatiri rave pamudyandigere, indasitiri yakafara, rimwe divi rinoda kutungamira vatengi kuti vadzokorore mabhatiri kuburikidza nematanho akajairika, kune rumwe rutivi, kusimbisa kutarisa.

Li Jinhui, Purofesa Li Jinhui, Tsinghua University Environmental College, mune ichangoburwa maonero epepa re15th Solid Waste Management uye Technology Musangano Wenyika Dzepasi Pose, kuvakwa kwazvino kwesimba renyika yangu recycling bhatiri system hakuna kukwana. Parizvino, iyo magetsi bhatiri recycling system inonyanya kutsamira pakuvakwa kwemabhizinesi ekugadzira mota, pane imwe njodzi yekuchengetedza, uye hunyanzvi hwevashandisi hauna kukwana. Uye zvakare, kufukidzwa kwesimba rekugadzirisa bhatiri system inowedzerwa, uye iyo yese yekudzoreredza mutengo wakakwira, uye kugona kwekudzokorora uye kushandiswa hakusi pachena.

Kudyidzana kwemabhizinesi ekumusoro neakadzika kunofanirwa kusimbiswa, uye kugovaniswa kwezviwanikwa kweiyo nzira yekudzokorodza kunoda kuvandudzwa. Mukuona kweZuva, ramangwana rinoda kusimbisa otomatiki mwero webhatiri rekudzoreredza tekinoroji nemidziyo. "Nekuda kwemusiyano wekusiyanisa mutsauko mubhatiri pack, kune kuvandudzwa kukuru muhunyanzvi hwekubvisa uye humwe hunyanzvi.

"Nyanzvi dzakaratidza kuti zvinofanirwa kuumba indasitiri inotungamirwa nebhatiri recycling indasitiri, uye zvakare inofanirwa kusimudzira nhungamiro, rutsigiro rwesainzi, rutsigiro rweveruzhinji, nezvimwe. China Science News.