Inkunkuma yeasidi yebhetri ingena "kwisixeko esimnyama" yenze mandundu ungcoliseko lwentsimbi enzima

著者：Iflowpower – Mofani oa Seteishene sa Motlakase se nkehang

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, urhulumente ukhuphe amanyathelo ahlukeneyo omgaqo-nkqubo wokulinganisa ukusetyenzwa kwebhetri ye-lead-acid kunye nokubuyisela, kodwa iintatheli ziye zaphuhliswa e-Jiangsu, e-Guangdong, e-Ningxia nakwamanye amazwe, kwaye ungcoliseko kwinkqubo yokucubungula kunye nokubuyisela ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Ngokukodwa kwikhonkco lokubuyisela, elinye icala yinkampani ekhokelayo yokuvuselela ngokubanzi "idla i-unsaturated", kodwa elinye icala linani elikhulu leebhetri zenkunkuma eziphumayo zibe "mnyama". Ngokutsho kwabangaphakathi kwimizi-mveliso, iibhetri ezineasidi zinelothe eqatha, iingozi zongcoliseko lweasidi ekulungiseni nasekuchacheni, yaye iziganeko zongcoliso ziye zalwandisa ungcoliseko lwesinyithi esinzima.

Ukuze kuphunyezwe ngempumelelo inkqubo yokwandisa uxanduva lwabasebenzi, kufuneka siphucule ngakumbi imigaqo-nkqubo nemimiselo efanelekileyo, sazise imbuyekezo yedipozithi yokusingqongileyo, kwaye senze ulwahlulo nothutho lweebhetri ze-asidi yenkunkuma. Ungcoliseko lokwenziwa kwebhetri ye-lead-asidi iye yavala ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukukhokela kwinkampani ekhokelayo kubukho bokungafunwa, ukupakishwa kwexesha elide kunye ne-metastasis engekho mthethweni, kwaye ibe ngundoqo kunye nobunzima bokongamela ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo olubandakanya ungcoliseko lwentsimbi enzima. NgoMeyi walo nyaka, i-Ofisi yoMphathiswa weeMveliso zoMthengi weSebe lezoShishino kunye neTekhnoloji yoLwazi iqhube ukufunyanwa kweJiangsu Shuzhai Battery Co.

, Ltd., kwaye wafumanisa ukuba i-Jiangsu Shuzhai Battery Co., Ltd.

inokwaphulwa okunzulu "kweMiqathango eMiselweyo yoMsebenzi weBattery". Ezinye iindibano zocweyo zokulungisa ukukhokela azivalwanga njengoko kufunwa, kwaye indawo yokusetyenzwa ayahlulwanga ngokungqongqo kwimimandla engasetyenzwanga. IPhondo Jiangsu iqonga kuzwelonke yolawulo longcoliseko longcoliseko iqonga wafumanisa ukuba amanyathelo self-esweni yenkampani ihlaziywe ngoJanuwari 2017 abonisa ukuba ukulungiswa ngokutsha yokwenziwa ibhetri lead-asidi yokwenziwa kunye neebhetri inkunkuma, leleenkampani zolawulo zentsimbi yesizwe enzima.

Ukongeza kungcoliseko oluqhelekileyo, amanzi amdaka akwishishini le-Harbour Battery aqukethe i-lead yentsimbi enzima, umqolo opheleleyo, ungcoliseko olwenziwa ngesandla kunye nokujonga ngokuzenzekelayo, kubandakanya i-COD, i-pH kunye nelothe. Ilothe sisinyithi esinzima, ilothe kwaye iikhompawundi zayo zingena emzimbeni womntu, zinokubangela ubungozi kwiinkqubo ezininzi ezinje ngemithambo-luvo, i-hematopoietic, ukugaya ukutya, izintso, i-cardiovascular and endocrine, kunye netyhefu yelothe. Kukho umbutho wentlalontle yoluntu yokusingqongileyo ukwenza isampulu yamanzi amdaka arhanelwa yinkampani, kwaye yagunyazisa isahlulo sesithathu sovavanyo lwesiqinisekiso "iBansenmei Commodity Test (Shanghai) Co.

, Ltd." (ekubhekiselwa kuyo "njengokufuneka uvavanye") ukubola kovavanyo. Ingxelo yokubola yobonelelo lovavanyo lwe-Biwei lubonisa ukuba umbutho wentlalontle yoluntu yokusingqongileyo uthathwa njengesampulu kudonga olungaphandle lwebhetri yerash, eyi-2.

I-23, ene-acidic kakhulu, umxholo wentsimbi enzima yi-8150 micrograms / ilitha. I-Fenomenon efana ne-lead-acid processing i-battery links ayingomzekelo. KwiPaki yoShishino yaseJiangxi Yifeng, ngokweengxelo zeendaba, umzi-mveliso webhetri ovuleleke emoyeni uzele ludaka lwelindle, uzaliswe ngasese yinkunkuma yelothe.

Ngokutsho kwesebe lokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kwiPhondo laseMpuma, baye balungisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ibhetri ye-lead-acid kunye namashishini okukhokela ahlaziywayo, axhomekeke kwiinzuzo zoqoqosho kunye neemeko zobugcisa, kwaye ukulahlwa kwenkunkuma enzima kakhulu kuhambelana nokubonakala kwangempela. Ukukhokela kwenkampani kwinkampani akunangxaki, kwaye kuye kwaba ngundoqo kwaye kunzima ukubandakanya ukubeka iliso lokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kwinkampani. Inani elikhulu leebhetri zenkunkuma zingena "kwimarike emnyama" ngenxa yokunqongophala kwamandla okurisayikilishwa, ubuthathaka bolawulo, njl.

Okwangoku, imeko yokungabikho kocwangco kwishishini lokubuyisela ibhetri ye-lead-asidi isekhona. Kusekho ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha samaphondo asweleyo iibhetri ze-lead-asidi ezisetyenzisiweyo. Ukungena kwiworkshop yokulungisa i-Ningxia, i-Ningxia, i-Ningxia, i-Ningxia, i-Ningxia, kunye nentatheli yabona ukuba inkunkuma ye-asidi ye-asidi yenkunkuma ingena kwi-"inkonkxa enkulu" ngebhanti yokuhambisa, kunye nebhetri ebonakala kwinkqubo.

Isisombululo se-asidi sicocwa ngamanzi ukusombulula ukucoca umaleko wenkqubo. Ngokohlahlelo lweHolo yoKhuseleko lweNdalo yaseNingxia, okwangoku kukho iibhetri ezimbini ezifanelekileyo ze-asidi eziphinda zisetyenziswe, ezisombulula inkampani, ezinomthamo opheleleyo wokuhlaliswa kweetoni ezingama-180,000 ngonyaka. Ngokoqikelelo, iNingxia ineetoni ezimalunga nama-80,000 eebhetri zenkunkuma minyaka le, kodwa ezi nkampani zimbini zinokuphinda zifumane iitoni ezintlanu okanye ezingama-60,000 ngonyaka, kwaye ezinye iibhetri ezisetyenzisiweyo zisahamba ukuya “kwimarike emnyama”.

Uphononongo lwentatheli lufumanise ukuba kukho izehlo zeendawo zokubuyisela ucweyo ezingekho mthethweni kwiminyaka yakutshanje. NjengoJuni 2017, ukhuseleko lweSithili saseJiangsu Nantong Tongzhou, ukhuseleko loluntu kunye namanye amasebe aqhekeze iindawo ezi-5 ezilahla ngokungekho mthethweni inkunkuma yeebhetri ezisetyenzisiweyo ze-lead-acid; ngoJanuwari 2018, iSebe loKhuseleko loLuntu lwePhondo laseShanxi lakhupha ibhetri ye-lead-acid njengenkunkuma. Iqela lolwaphulo-mthetho lokuqhaqha, ukunyibilikisa, ukuthengisa iingots ezikhokelayo "inamba enye".

"Isebe lezokhuseleko loluntu liye lazama" iworkshop encinci ", ishishini lenkampani licacile kakhulu. Yang Wenli, uSihlalo weNingxia Ruiyin Nonferrous Metal Technology Co., Ltd.

ilizwe lam lelona lizwe likhulu lelead-asidi yokusetyenzwa kwebhetri kunye nomthengisi ngaphandle. Ngokutsho kwesibhengezo samva nje se-NDR, ngo-2017, imveliso yelizwe lam yayiyi-4.72 yezigidi zeetoni, ibalwa kwi-44% yesiphumo esipheleleyo sokukhokela.

Ukubuyiswa kwenkunkuma yeebhetri ze-lead-asidi kube kudala, kwaye "Iimveliso yeBattery Heavy Metal Pollution Comprehensive Prevention Measures (Iidrafti zoKuphawula)" eyapapashwa kwiSebe lezokuSebenza lika-2010, kubonisiwe ukuba inkunkuma ye-asidi yeebhetri zamazwe aphuhlileyo afana neYurophu, eUnited States, eJapan. Izinga lokubuyisela liye ladlula i-90%, ngelixa izinga lokubuyisela elihlelekile kwilizwe lam lingaphantsi kwama-30%. Enyanisweni, ukwenzela ukulinganisa ukubuyiswa kweebhetri ze-acid lead, kwiminyaka yakutshanje, amasebe afanelekileyo akhuphe amanyathelo ahlukeneyo omgaqo-nkqubo.

Nangona kunjalo, imeko yangoku yokuphazamiseka kweshishini lokubuyisela ibhetri ye-lead-asidi isekhona. Isithuba sokusinda senkampani yokurisayikilisha yacudiswa, kwaye "ingqekembe engaphantsi" yenziwa kumda webhetri ye-asidi yenkunkuma. Ezinye "iindibano zocweyo ezincinci" ezingekho mthethweni kunye nokuziphatha kakubi kunye neenkampani eziqhelekileyo zibamba ishishini.

Uphando lwentatheli lufumene ukuba le miba ilandelayo ibangela ukubunjwa "kweengqekembe ezingaphantsi". Okokuqala, ukurisayikilisha okusesikweni kusombulula iindleko zokusetyenzwa kwenkampani. U-Yang Wenli uthe kwi-investment ye-asethi esisigxina, izixhobo zenkampani zokukhusela i-akhawunti ye-40%, kunye nokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa, ukuhla kwexabiso kunye nezinye izinto, kunye neendleko zokusingqongileyo ngaphezu kwe-20% yeendleko ezipheleleyo zokubuyisela ukubuyisela kwakhona.

Kwaye ngokungekho mthethweni "i-workshop encinci" ithembele kwizembe, isitofu sanele, phantse i-zero, ngoko banokunyusa kakhulu ixabiso lokuthenga, kunye neshishini eliqhelekileyo lokubamba inkampani. Okwesibini, akukho ntsebenziswano phakathi kokuxhuzula. Abaphenduli bakholelwa ukuba uluhlu olubanzi lwenkunkuma ilothe-asidi yebhetri inkulu, kwaye amasebe afanelekileyo ahlukeneyo kunzima ukuba nawo.

Imoto yangoku yesiqhelo ye-4S yevenkile yokubuyiswa kwenkunkuma ye-cell recovery ngokulinganayo, kodwa ukungabikho kwamanqaku okugcina imoto kukhubazekile, isikali sihluke, ubuninzi obuninzi, oku kwandisa ukulawulwa kwamasebe olawulo. Okwesithathu, ukurisayikilisha kwabathengi kubuthathaka. Umntu ophethe i-Guangdong Circular Economy Association uthe ngenxa yokunqongophala kokuqonda okuyingozi kweebhetri ze-lead-acid, akunakwenzeka ukuthatha inxaxheba ngokusebenzayo ekubuyiselweni kweebhetri ze-lead-acid, okukhokelela kwizixhobo ezininzi zokubuyisela ibhetri ebomini.

Ukongeza, abathengi abaninzi abanalwazi malunga namajelo angekho mthethweni okurisayikilishwa. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukusekwa kwenkqubo yokwandisa uxanduva lweprosesa ibe yimvumelwano malunga nokulungiswa kwebhetri ye-lead-acid, abanye oorhulumente basekhaya, imibutho yentlalontle, iinkampani, njl. baphumeza ukuphunyezwa kwe-lead-acid processing battery.

Njengoko imfuno yemarike iqhubela phambili ukuya kwiZhang Da, ilizwe lam liye laba yimarike yebhetri ye-lead-asidi enkulu kwihlabathi, kwaye inani leebhetri ze-lead-asidi zenkunkuma ezenzeke ngonyaka ngamnye zingaphezu kweetoni ezi-3 zezigidi. Kukho imimandla emininzi eyandayo, kwaye amandla emarike yeebhetri ze-lead-asidi aziyi kujongelwa phantsi. Kwibhetri nganye, i-lead pole plate ithatha i-74% yesabelo, kwaye i-sulfuric acid ithatha i-20%.

Ixesha elide, ngenxa yenkqubo yokubuyisela ngokupheleleyo inkunkuma yelizwe lam iibhetri ze-lead-asidi, uninzi lweebhetri ze-asidi zenkunkuma zaye zagaleleka kwi-workshop encinci engekho mthethweni yokuqhawula, i-pali ekhokelayo ishiya, ipeni ye-asidi-emanzi ithe tye, ukusetyenziswa okubanzi kuphantsi kakhulu , Umonakalo kumzimba womntu kunye nokusingqongileyo kwendalo. Kwilizwe lam i-3.3 yezigidi zeetoni zeebhetri ze-lead-acid e-China, umlinganiselo wokubuyisela rhoqo ungaphantsi kwe-30%, ungcwatywe kwiingozi ezifihliweyo zokungcola.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukusekwa kolwandiso loxanduva lomprosesa kuye kwaba yimvumelwano yonyango lwe-lead-asidi yokubuyisela kwakhona ibhetri, kwaye ingundoqo yayo ingokwesikhokelo sabaguquleli bemveliso ukwenza inkunkuma kunye noxanduva lokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo emva kokulahlwa, kwaye inkqubo yokuvuselela iya kuphumeza ulawulo lomthombo wemveliso, ukuCwangciswa kohlaza, ngaloo ndlela kunyuswa ukusebenza kakuhle kobutyebi kumjikelo wobomi obupheleleyo. NgoDisemba 2016, i-Ofisi Jikelele yeBhunga likaRhulumente likhuphe ukuphunyezwa kwe "Processing Outlook", ukuphunyezwa kweentlobo ze-4 zeemveliso ezifana neebhetri ze-lead-acid, kunye nokusekwa kwemveliso yenkqubo epheleleyo yokulandelela umjikelo wobomi, inkxaso " Ukuphucula amazinga okubuyisela kwimeko yakudala, kwaye uhlolisise i-lead-acid processors aggregation collection kunye neendlela zokudlulisa i-cross-regional. NgoJulayi 2017, iKomishoni yoPhuhliso lweSizwe kunye noHlaziyo ibambe i-semina malunga nokuphunyezwa kwenkqubo yokwandisa uxanduva lwebhetri ye-lead-acid, ixoxe ngophuculo kunye nendlela yokuphucula izibalo, ukuqinisekiswa, ukuvavanya, ukubeka iliso kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwethagethi, kunye nokuphakamisa iinjongo zokuhlaziya kunye nokuphunyezwa kohlalutyo.

Ukuze kukhuthazwe iibhetri ze-lead-asidi ukulungelelanisa ukuphinda kusetyenziswe, abanye oorhulumente basekhaya, imibutho yentlalontle, iinkampani, njl. bakhuthaza ngokukhutheleyo ukuphunyezwa kwe-lead-acid processing uxanduva lokwandiswa koxanduva lwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo.