Ukuthelekiswa kweendlela zokuqikelela ukutshaja i-lithium battery charge state (SOC) uthelekiso lwendlela yokuqikelela

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - Lieferant von tragbaren Kraftwerken

Okokuqala, imeko yokutshaja (SOC) okuthetha ukuba i-SOC yi-stateofcharge, ibhekisa kwisimo sokutshaja kwebhetri. Ukusuka kwii-engile ezahlukeneyo ezifana nombane, amandla, njl., i-SOC ineentsingiselo ezahlukeneyo ezahlukeneyo.

I-SOC ye-US Advanced Battery Federation (USABC) isetyenziswe ngokubanzi, oko kukuthi umlinganiselo womthamo olinganisiweyo phantsi kwamandla aseleyo kunye neemeko ezifanayo kwizinga elithile lokukhupha. Ifomula yokubala ehambelanayo yile: qm, ubuninzi bokukhupha umthamo xa ibhetri ikhutshwe ngokuhambelana ne-current current I; I-Q (in) ikwixesha le-T, ibhetri ikhulula ibhetri phantsi kwebhetri. Okwesibini, i-lithium-ion ibhetri ye-lithium-ion ibhetri yelizwe indlela yokubikezela Imo yokuhlawulisa ibhetri ye-lithium ion yenye yeeparitha ezibalulekileyo zenkqubo yokulawula ibhetri, kodwa kunye nesiseko sesicwangciso solawulo kunye nokukhutshwa komsebenzi wemoto kunye nomsebenzi wokulinganisa ibhetri.

Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yobunzima bebhetri ye-lithium-ion ngokwayo, imeko yayo ekrazukileyo ayinakufunyanwa ngokulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo, kuphela ngokweempawu ezithile zangaphandle zebhetri, ezifana nokuchasana kwangaphakathi kwebhetri, i-voltage yesiphaluka evulekileyo, ubushushu, okwangoku, njl. iiparamitha ezinxulumeneyo, kusetyenziswa iiparamitha eziyeleleneyo. Ijika lophawu okanye ifomula yokubala ukugqiba umsebenzi wokuqikelela kwimeko yentlawulo.

Uqikelelo lwelizwe lokuhlawuliswa kwebhetri ye-lithium-ion alunamgca. Okwangoku, indlela eqhelekileyo yangoku ibalulekile ukukhupha uvavanyo, indlela yombane wesiphaluka evulekileyo, iindawo zokhuseleko, indlela yokucoca i-Kalman, indlela ye-neural network, njl. I-1 Umgaqo wokukhutshwa kwendlela yokuvavanya ukukhutshwa kovavanyo kukwenza ibhetri kwindawo engaphazamisekiyo yokukhupha ngokuqhubekayo, ukubala inani lokukhutshwa xa ukukhutshwa kufika kwi-voltage cutoff.

Ixabiso lonyango lwangaphambili lwexabiso eliqhubekayo langoku kunye nexesha lokukhutshwa eliqeshwe xa ixabiso lamandla okukhutshwa likhutshwa. Indlela yokulinga ukukhupha ihlala iqikelela imeko yokutshajiswa kwebhetri phantsi kweemeko zelabhoratri, kwaye abaninzi abavelisi beebhetri basebenzisa indlela yokukhupha ukuvavanya ibhetri. Inzuzo yayo ebalulekileyo kukuba indlela ilula, kwaye ukuchaneka koqikelelo kuphezulu.

I-disadvantage iphinda igxininiswe: ayikwazi ukulayishwa, kunye nokuhlala ixesha elininzi lokulinganisa, kwaye xa ukulinganisa ukukhutshwa, ibhetri kufuneka iphazamiseke, ukwenzela ukuba ibhetri ibekwe ngaphandle kwe-intanethi, ngoko ayikwazi ukulinganiswa kwi-intanethi. Ibhetri yemoto yombane ekuqhubeni isebenze kwimeko yokusebenza, kwaye ukukhutshwa kwayo okwangoku akutshintshi, le ndlela ayisebenzi. Nangona kunjalo, indlela yokulinga yokukhupha inokusetyenziswa ekumiseleni ukutshintshwa kwebhetri kunye nemodeli yeparameter.

2 Indlela yamandla ombane ovulelekileyo Ibhetri izinzile emva kwexesha elide, kwaye ubudlelwane obusebenzayo phakathi kombane ovulekileyo wesekethe kunye nemeko yokutshaja ibhetri nayo izinzile. Ukuba ufuna ukufumana ixabiso lelizwe lokuhlawuliswa kwebhetri, kufuneka ulinganise kuphela i-voltage yesiphaluka evulekileyo kuzo zombini iziphelo zebhetri, kwaye ufumane ulwazi oluhambelanayo ne-OCV-SOC curve. Uncedo lwendlela yamandla ombane wesekethe evulekileyo kukusebenza ngokulula, ukulinganisa ngokulula imephu yolawulo lwexabiso lamandla ombane wokuvula uphawu lwegophe ukufumana ixabiso lemeko yentlawulo.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho iintsilelo ezininzi: Okokuqala, ukuze ufumane amaxabiso achanekileyo, kufuneka enze i-voltage yebhetri ibe kwimeko ezinzileyo, kodwa ibhetri ivame ukuvunyelwa ukuba ime ixesha elide, ukwenzela ukuba iimfuno zokubeka iliso zangempela zingenakwaneliswa. Imoto yombane yokupaka ixesha elide. Xa umlinganiselo wokutshaja webhetri uhlukile, ekubeni ukuguquguquka kokutshintsha kwangoku amandla ombane wokuvula ibhetri, ivolthi yesekethe evulekileyo yepaki yebhetri ayihambelani, ukuze amandla asele aqikelelweyo kunye nebhetri amandla okwenene aseleyo abe nokutenxa okukhulu.

3 Amanqaku Umthetho oHlangeneyo waseFransi awukuthatheli ngqalelo ukusetyenziswa kwebhetri ngaphakathi, ngokweempawu ezithile zangaphandle zenkqubo, njengangoku, ixesha, imbuyekezo yeqondo lobushushu, njl.njl., ngokudibanisa ixesha kunye nexesha langoku, ngamanye amaxesha yongeza imbuyekezo ethile. Okwangoku, ixesha lokusebenza lisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo zokulawula ibhetri.

Ifomula yokubala yendlela yamanqaku okhuseleko yile ilandelayo: Ifomula, i-SOC0 lixabiso lokuqala lombane kwimo yokutshaja ibhetri; I-CE ngumthamo olinganisiweyo webhetri; i (t) kukutshaja kunye nokukhupha umsinga webhetri ngexesha le-T; T yintlawulo kunye nexesha lokukhutshwa; I-η yi-coefficient yentlawulo kunye nokukhupha, kwaye ibizwa ngokuba yi-coefficient ye-Cullen esebenzayo, emele ukuchithwa kwamandla ebhetri ngaphakathi kwebhetri ngexesha lokuhlawula kunye nenkqubo yokukhupha, ngokuqhelekileyo isekelwe ekukhuliseni kunye nokulungiswa kweqondo lokushisa lokukhupha ukutshaja. Inzuzo yomthetho odibeneyo wokhuseleko kukuba ukulinganiselwa kwebhetri ngokwayo kuncinci, indlela yokubala ilula, ithembekile, kwaye inokwenza uqikelelo lwexesha lokwenyani kwimeko yokutshaja ibhetri. Ukungalungi kukuba ngenxa yokuba indlela yokulinganisa ukhuseleko ifunyenwe kulawulo, ukuba ukuchaneka kokuqokelela kwangoku akukho phezulu, urhulumente onikeziweyo wentlawulo yokuqala unephutha elithile, kunye nokwandiswa kwexesha lokuqhuba inkqubo, impazamo iya kuqokelelwa ngokuthe ngcembe, ngaloo ndlela ichaphazela isiphumo sokubikezela kwimeko yentlawulo.

Kwaye ngenxa yokuba indlela yamanqaku okhuseleko ihlalutywa kuphela kwiimpawu zangaphandle, kukho impazamo ethile kwi-multi-link. Inokubonwa kwifomula yokubala yendlela yamanqaku okhuseleko, kwaye amandla okuqala ebhetri anempembelelo enkulu ekuchanekeni kweziphumo zokubala. Ukuze kuphuculwe ukuchaneka komlinganiselo wangoku, izinzwa eziphezulu zokusebenza zangoku zivame ukulinganiswa, kodwa oku kwandiswa.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, abaphengululi abaninzi basebenzise indlela yombane wesekethe evulekileyo ngelixa ukhuseleko lwesicelo sendlela edityanisiweyo, idityaniswe nazo zombini. Indlela yombane wesekethe evulekileyo isetyenziselwa ukuqikelela imeko yokuqala yokutshaja ibhetri, kwaye indlela yokulungisa ehlanganisiweyo isetyenziswa ngexesha langempela kwaye yongeze izinto zokulungisa ukuphucula ukuchaneka kokubala. 4 Indlela yokucoca i-Kalman ye-algorithm yokucoca i-algorithm bubuncinane obulingana noqikelelo lwethiyori yendawo yommandla wommandla, eyeyodidi loqikelelo lwamanani, kunye ne-macro kukunciphisa nokuphelisa impembelelo yengxolo kwisiginali yokujonga.

Undoqo ngowona ungcono. Kuqikelelwa ukuba igalelo lesixokelelwano livumelekile kwiinguqu zesimo ngokwesiseko. Umgaqo osisiseko wale algorithm kukusebenzisa imodeli yendawo yendawo yengxolo kunye nomqondiso njengemodeli ye-algorithm, xa kulinganiswa, ixabiso eliboniweyo lexesha langoku kunye nexabiso eliqikelelweyo lexesha elidlulileyo, kunye nokuhlaziya uqikelelo lwemeko eguquguqukayo.

I-algorithm yokucoca i-Karman iqikelela ubungakanani bemeko yebhetri ye-lithium ion, kwaye isebenzisa ixabiso lombane elilinganisiweyo ukulungisa ixabiso lengqikelelo yokuqala. Inzuzo yendlela yokucoca i-Kalman kukuba ikhomputha ifanelekile ukusetyenzwa kwexesha langempela ledatha, uluhlu olubanzi lwesicelo, lunokusetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezingabonakaliyo, kwaye zinefuthe elihle ekubikezelweni kombuso wentlawulo yezithuthi zombane ngexesha lokuqhuba. Ukungalungi kwendlela yokucoca i-Kalman kukuba ukuchaneka kwemodeli yebhetri kuxhomekeke, ukwenzela ukuba kuphuculwe ukuchaneka kunye nokuchaneka kweziphumo ze-algorithm, ukuseka imodeli yebhetri ethembekileyo.

Ukongeza, i-algorithm yendlela yokucoca i-Kalman inzima ngakumbi, ngoko ke inani layo lokubala lilikhulu, kwaye linomsebenzi ophezulu womqhubi. I-5 Injongo yothungelwano lwe-neurological network ye-neural network kukuxelisa ukuziphatha kwengqondo yomntu, ngokusebenzisa i-parallel structure kunye nokukwazi ukufunda okunamandla ukufumana inkcazo yedatha, kwaye inokunika impendulo ehambelanayo yesiphumo xa imincili yangaphandle, kunye nokwenza imephu efanelekileyo engeyiyo yomgca. Umgaqo wendlela yenethiwekhi ye-neural isetyenziswa kwimeko yebhethri ye-lithium ion yile: idatha yangaphandle efana nenani elikhulu lee-voltages ezihambelanayo, imisinga, kunye nedatha ye-charge state yebhetri isetyenziswa njengesampuli yoqeqesho, kunye nolwalathiso lwangaphambili lolwazi kwinethiwekhi ye-neural ngokwayo.

Ukusasazwa okubuyela umva kokusasazwa kunye nokudluliselwa kwempazamo uqeqesho oluphindaphindiweyo kunye nohlengahlengiso, xa imeko yentlawulo eqikelelweyo ifikelela kuluhlu lwempazamo yeemfuno zoyilo, ngokufaka idatha entsha ukufumana ixabiso lexabiso lemeko yebhetri. I-advanteji yendlela yenethiwekhi ye-neural inokuqikelelwa ukuqikelela imeko entle yeebhetri ezahlukeneyo. Isebenza ngokubanzi.

Musa ukuseka imodeli ethile yemathematika. Musa ukuqwalasela utshintsho lweekhemikhali ezintsonkothileyo kwibhetri, khetha nje isampuli efanelekileyo, kwaye umisele imodeli yenethiwekhi ye-Neural engcono, isampuli yedatha eninzi, iphezulu ukuchaneka koqikelelo lwayo; Kuyenzeka ukumisela imeko yokutshaja kwebhetri nangaliphi na ixesha. Ukungalungi kwendlela yenethiwekhi ye-neural kukuba ukuchaneka, umthamo wesampulu kunye nokuhanjiswa kwesampulu yeesampuli zedatha, umthamo wesampulu, kunye nokuhanjiswa kwesampulu kunye neendlela zoqeqesho zichaphazeleka kakhulu kwibhetri yebhetri.

Okwesithathu, ukushwankathela eli phepha kwintshayelelo elula kwindlela yokuqikelela yangoku yeentlawulo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo zebhetri ye-lithium-ion, kwaye ihlalutya iingenelo zabo kunye nokungalunganga ngokweenkcukacha. Okwangoku, indlela yokudibanisa iseyeyona ndlela isetyenziswayo yokuqikelela imeko entle. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwamanqaku okhuseleko kwindawo yokhuseleko, ihlala igqitywe ngezinye iindlela ezifana ne-voltage yesiphaluka evulekileyo kunye nezinye iindlela zokuvavanya intlawulo yokuqala yebhetri ye-lithium-ion.

Ngokombono weendlela zophuhliso, izinto zokuqikelela imeko ehlawuliweyo yebhetri ye-lithium-ion ziya zibanzi ngakumbi, kwaye iindlela zokuqikelela ezisetyenziswayo zihlala zisebenza ngokubanzi kwiindlela ezininzi, zenza iziphumo zokubikezela zichaneke ngakumbi. Ngaphezu koko, okwangoku iphuhlisa imodeli yesekethe elinganayo yebhetri ye-lithium-ion, esondele ngakumbi kwinyani, ukwenzela ukuba ukuchaneka kokuchaneka kombane ohlawulisiweyo kuphuculwe ngakumbi.