Ingozi nokugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri e-lithium kadoti

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - Mea Hoolako Uku Uku

Udoti webhethri ye-lithium udala izinkinga, uphonsa umonakalo omkhulu emvelweni. Njengamanje, ibhethri lihlelelwe izimoto zikagesi ikakhulukazi amabhethri e-lead-asidi endabuko kanye namabhethri e-lithium avelayo, futhi ukugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri e-lithium kuhluke ngokuphelele. Njengamanje, ukubuyiswa kwebhethri ye-lithium yasekhaya akuhlelekile, kusetshenziswe kabusha, futhi ubuchwepheshe bungemuva.

Ingozi yebhethri ye-lithium yemfucuza ilahliwe. Uma ukwelashwa kulahlwa ngendlela engafanele, i-hexafluorols, i-carbonate organics, ne-cobalt, ithusi, njll., equkethwe kuyo, nakanjani izoba usongo lokungcola okungenzeka emvelweni.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-cobalt, i-lithium, ithusi namapulasitiki kumabhethri e-lithium adoti ayimithombo ebalulekile, enenani eliphakeme kakhulu lokutakula. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kwesayensi kwamabhethri e-lithium, akugcini nje kuphela izinzuzo ezibalulekile zemvelo, kodwa futhi kunezinzuzo ezinhle zezomnotho. Lapho i-lithium pool yemfucuza ilahlwa, ngemva kokungena emvelweni, izinsimbi ezinzima azikwazi ukucekelwa phansi yi-biodegradation, okubangela ukungcoliswa okukhulu kwemvelo.

Ngokwezibalo, ukumoshakala kwebhethri elidala kungenza inhlabathi eyimitha-skwele engu-1 ilahlekelwe inani unomphela, futhi ibhethri lebhathini lenkinobho lingangcolisa amanzi angu-600,000. Izingozi ze-batter yemfucuza zigxile kakhulu enanini elincane lezinsimbi ezisindayo eziqukethwe lapho, njengomthofu, i-mercury, i-cadmium, njll. Lezi zinto ezinobuthi zingena emzimbeni womuntu ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, ukuqoqwa kwesikhathi eside kunzima ukungabandakanyi, ukuphazamisa isimiso sezinzwa, umsebenzi we-hematopoietic namathambo, ngisho nomdlavuza.

1. I-Mercury (HG) ine-neurotoxicity esobala, futhi kuphinde kube nomthelela omubi ezinhlelweni ze-endocrine, amasosha omzimba, njll., okuzobangela ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukuqina kwemisipha, izilonda zesistimu yomlomo neyokugaya; 2.

Izakhi ze-Cadmium (CD) zingena emizileni ehlukahlukene Emzimbeni womuntu, ukuqongelela isikhathi eside kunzima ukungabandakanyi, ukulimaza isimiso sezinzwa, umsebenzi we-hematopoietic namathambo, futhi kungabangela ngisho nomdlavuza; 3. Umthofu (PB) ungabangela i-neurasthenia, ukuba ndikindiki kwesandla nezinyawo, ukungagayeki kahle kokudla, i-colic yesisu, ubuthi begazi nezinye izilonda; i-manganese Izolimaza isimiso sezinzwa. Ukugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri e-lithium angcolile kanye nokudlondlobala kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla, kanye nezinqubomgomo nokumaketha, okwenza izwe lethu libe ukukhiqizwa kwebhethri ye-lithium-ion ebaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni kanye nomthengi.

Inani elikhulu lamabhethri e-lithium-ion lingena emakethe, futhi inkinga yokugaywa kabusha kwebhethri ye-lithium-ion nokusetshenziswa kabusha sekuye kwaba inselele enkulu embonini. Ngokukhula kwesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, zonke izici zomthamo, ukusebenza kahle kokukhipha, nokuphepha kwamabhethri e-lithium kuzoba nokwehla okukhulu. Kumabhethri e-lithium angakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zamanje zohlelo, ukugaywa kabusha kungasebenzisa ngempumelelo "inani layo elisele".

Okwamanje, isistimu yezwe lami yokugaywa kabusha kwebhethri ye-lithium ayikakhululeki, futhi ubuchwepheshe bokwenza kabusha kanye nemodeli yebhizinisi ayikafinyeleli ezingeni elivuthiwe. Njengamanje, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe akukavuthwa, inethiwekhi yokutholwa ayiphelele, izinyathelo zokuphatha aziphelele, inqubomgomo yokusekela ayikho, njll., inkinga isahlupha imboni yezwe lami yokuvuselela ibhethri ye-lithium, imodeli yebhizinisi kanye nemodeli yenzuzo esazoyihlola.

Isistimu yesitebhisi ayiphelele, kuseyinkinga enkulu ebhekene nenkundla endala yokugaywa kabusha kwebhethri. Ingakanani izinga elingafinyelelwa kumthamo webhethri ukuze ungene esinyathelweni esilandelayo, indlela yokufinyelela ukusetshenziswa kwezitebhisi kanye nesidingo sokufaka inqubo yokutakula, azikho izindlela ezicacile. Njengamanje, kunenani elincane kakhulu lamabhethri e-phosphate aphezulu angasetshenziswa esiteji, futhi ibhethri esele ihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwenani.

Ngemuva kokusebenzisa isikhathi esithile, ibhethri ye-ternary kunzima ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwe-electrochemical yezakhiwo ze-electrochemical ebhethrini, esetshenziselwa izingozi eziphephile zeladi. Ukuqoqa amabhethri kuzonyusa kakhulu izindleko, kuphela uma engawaqaqi amaphakethe ebhethri. Ibhethri ye-lithium kadoti igaywa kanjani kabusha? Okokuqala, funda ukumiswa kwebhethri bese usebenzisa isistimu yokulandeleka.

Qinisa ukumiswa komklamo wesakhiwo, indlela yokuxhuma, ubuchwepheshe benqubo, ukufakwa okuhlanganisiwe kwebhethri ye-lithium yamandla, futhi wenze ikhodi yebhethri yamandla ibe amazinga aphoqelelwe, futhi uxhume uhlelo lokulandeleka kanye nesimemezelo somkhiqizo wemoto yamandla entsha ukuze uqinisekise irekhodi lolwazi lomjikelezo wempilo ogcwele. , Thuthukisa ukunemba nokunemba kokuhlolwa kokutholwa. Okwesibili ukukhulisa ubuchwepheshe bokhiye bokuphinda usebenzise ibhethri.

Ukwenyuswa kobuchwepheshe obubalulekile njengokudilizwa, ukuhlelwa kabusha, ukuhlolwa kanye nokubikezela ukuphila kwebhethri le-lithium likadoti, kuthuthukise ukuphepha kokuvuthwa kwayo kobuchwepheshe kanye nenqubo yokukhiqiza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, thuthukisa izinga lokuzenzakalela kanye nokusebenza kahle kokutholwa kokuhlakazwa kwebhethri, ukuhlelwa kabusha kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuthola kabusha, ukuze ukubuyiselwa kwebhethri okusekelwe emandleni kwenzeke ngokwezomnotho futhi kuphephe. Okwesithathu ukwakha nokusebenzisa imivuzo yokuthola ibhethri lamandla kanye nezinyathelo zokujezisa.

Yakha ukutholwa kwebhethri ye-lithium eguquguqukayo futhi usebenzise kabusha imithetho yokuqalisa yokukhuthaza, sungula indlela engahleliwe nejeziswayo. Isibonelo, ukuze kujeziswe izinkampani ezihlulekayo ukwenza izibopho zesibopho kunqubomgomo yokugaywa kabusha, izinkampani ezigaya kabusha amabhethri nezinkampani eziphinda zisebenzise amabhethri zixhaswa ngokuya ngamasethi ebhethri, umthamo, njll., futhi zisebenzisa izimvume zentela, eziqinisekisa umnotho wezinkampani ezigaya kabusha; kubathengi Idiphozithi kanye nohlelo lokuvuza lungasetshenziswa ukuhlakulela ukwazi ukutholwa kwebhethri lamandla omthengi.

Okwesine ukukhuthaza abashayeli bezindiza bokusungula imodeli yebhizinisi kanye nezicelo zokuphromotha. Thuthukisa amamodeli ebhizinisi amasha, ufinyelele imodeli yokuthuthukisa umnotho oyindilinga enevelu yokuphromotha ngemva kokunqwabelana. Ukusebenzisa ukwakhiwa kohlelo olunamandla lokugaywa kabusha kwebhethri ye-lithium, nokusebenzisa izindlela zoxhaso kanye nezinqubomgomo ezikhethwayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe umdlandla wamabhizinisi nabathengi, kodwa kugwenywe amanye amabhizinisi aqagelayo ukuthi angenele le mboni ukuze axhase, akhe izindlela zokuncintisana ezinobulungiswa nezinobulungiswa ukuze kube lula ukukhula okunempilo kwemboni.

Inqubo yokwelashwa kwemvelo yebhethri ye-lithium kadoti: i-crusher eqinile - i-pulverizer ye-particulate - umshini wokulinganisa we-micron - isihlukanisi sesiphepho - umqoqi wothuli we-pulse - fan yokucindezela okuphezulu, yonke inqubo yokutholwa kwebhethri ye-lithium yonke efinyelelwe ezishintshayo zezimboni, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kokululama, amandla okucubungula aqinile Inani lokucubungula ngehora ngamakhilogremu angama-500, inani lonyaka lokucubungula ibhethri lifinyelela ku-50, futhi intengo yebhethri ye-lithium ifinyelela ku-50. 90%. Uma ibhethri ye-lithium elahliwe ingacutshungulwanga ngendlela ehlelekile, izomosha kakhulu imvelo yokungcoliswa kwezinsiza futhi ibeke engozini impilo yabantu. Uma ibhethri le-lithium likadoti lingatholwa ngokugcwele, amathani angama-240 e-cobalt angatholwa unyaka nonyaka, angaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-40 kuphela abiza ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-40.

Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-elekthronikhi kulethe intuthuko eqhumayo embonini yebhethri ye-lithium. Ukwelashwa kokutholwa kwamabhethri e-lithium kadoti nakho kuyanakwa kakhulu. Ibhethri ye-lithium engalungile empilweni yethu izoletha ukungcoliswa kwemvelo, ungakhululeki.

Kulahle. Ikhethelwe ukusingatha umnyango wokucubungula ibhethri ye-lithium ochwepheshe. .