Ukugaywa kabusha kwebhethri ye-lithium amandla emoto kagesi kuyaphoqeleka ukuthi kupheleliswe ohlelweni oluseduze

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inethiwekhi yezwe lami yokugcina amandla: Nakuba izimoto zikagesi zingakhiphi nhlobo, amabhethri emfucuza ayabulala, ngethemba lokuthi abakhiqizi bezimoto basebenzisa ukuvikelwa kwemvelo ukuze baphathe lawa mabhethri alahlwayo. Muva nje, abasebenzisi benethiwekhi babambe iqhaza ebhethrini lamandla emoto kagesi i-lithium-ion e-Weibo ukuze babangele ingxoxo yesihloko sokunukubezeka. Ngokuduma kwezimoto zikagesi, ukutholwa kwebhethri nokusetshenziswa kabusha kuba isihloko sokunakekelwa kwabasebenzisi abaningi benethiwekhi.

U-Netizen SimonRock uthe: Ukuhlanza nokuvikelwa kwemvelo kuwumkhuba ojwayelekile wokuthuthukiswa kwezimoto zesikhathi esizayo, futhi izimoto zikagesi zingakwazi ukufeza ukukhishwa kwe-zero, okuwusizo kakhulu ekuvikelweni kwemvelo, kodwa ukukhethwa kwebhethri kanye nokwelashwa okungenabungozi kamuva kubaluleke kakhulu, kufanele kuvimbele ukungcoliswa kwemvelo okusha. Ochwepheshe bemboni baveze ukuthi njengengxenye ebalulekile yochungechunge lwemboni yezimoto zamandla amasha, ukuthuthukiswa kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion ashukumisayo ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza, ukuhlola amamodeli agaywa kabusha kanye nokusetshenziswa kabusha nakho kuyindaba engafanele. Ukugaywa kabusha kwebhethri kuphoqelelwa ama-phyngers.

Ukungcoliswa kwebhethri akuyona imbobo. Uprofesa we-Beijing Institute of Technology uthe: 1 20 amagremu webhethri yocingo angangcolisa amanzi amachibi okubhukuda ajwayelekile angu-3, ​​uma eshiywe emhlabeni, angenza ikhilomitha-skwele elingu-1 Ukungcola iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50. Cabanga nje, uma kuyibhethri yemoto kagesi engu-200 kg ye-lithium-ion elahliwe endaweni yemvelo? Inani elikhulu lezinsimbi ezisindayo kanye nezinto zamakhemikhali zingena emvelweni, okuzodala ukungcoliswa okukhulu kwemvelo.

Ngokusho kwentatheli, kukhona okwamanje, ucwaningo olubalulekile lwamabhethri e-lithium-ion amandla asekhaya lumayelana nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza, futhi ukunaka kwezixhumanisi zokuvuselela ngokusobala akwanele. Kulesi sigaba, kunezinhlobo eziningi zamabhethri e-lithium-ion ezimotweni zikagesi. Amabhethri anjalo awaqukethe i-mercury, i-cadmium, izakhi zensimbi ezisindayo ezigxile kumthofu, kodwa izinto zazo ezingezinhle nezingezinhle zama-electrode, izixazululo ze-electrolyte nezinye izinto zinomthelela omkhulu kakhulu.

isikhungo sezwe lami sokucwaninga ubuchwepheshe bezimoto sibikezela ukuthi ngo-2015, amabhethri e-lithium-ion amandla asekhaya aqongelela ingqikithi yamathani angaba ngu-20,000. Ngo-2020, ibhethri yezwe lami yamandla kagesi i-lithium-ion enqwabelene ye-scrap izofinyelela kumathani ayi-120,000 kuya ku-170,000. isikali.

Uma lungekho uhlelo olujwayelekile lokugaywa kabusha kwebhethri, lawa mabhethri ngokungangabazeki azokwenzeka endaweni ezungezile. Inani eliwusizo livame ukusetshenziswa, futhi ukuphila kwebhethri ye-lithium-ion endaweni evamile cishe iminyaka engu-20, kodwa lapho umthamo webhethri wehliswa waba ngu-80% womthamo webhethri ku-80% womthamo wokuqala, imayela lokuvuselela imoto kagesi Linciphile Ngokusobala, ngakho-ke isikhathi sangempela sokusebenzisa cishe iminyaka emi-3 kuya kweyi-8. Nokho, lawa mabhethri asetshenzisiwe asenenani.

Kuzinhlelo zokugcina amandla, lawa mabhethri asesenenani elikhulu lokusetshenziswa, ukusungula isinyathelo sebhethri se-lithium-ion esishintshashintshayo kanye nesistimu yokuphatha yokugaya kabusha mhlawumbe ukukhetha okungenzeka. U-Chen Jinchen, uProfesa, iNyuvesi yaseTsinghua, ibhethri lingaphansi kuka-80%, lingaqhubeka nokusetshenziselwa ukugcinwa kwegridi yamandla, noma njengomthombo wamandla wezimoto ezinesivinini esiphansi ezifana nogesi ngokumelene, kukhona nenani lokusebenzisa lesibili. Iladi lisebenzisa inani lamandla ebhethri ye-lithium-ion ukuze kuzuzwe ukudlala okugcwele, ngaleyo ndlela yehlise izindleko zebhethri futhi ikhuthaze imoto kagesi ethandwayo.

Uma ibhethri likadoti ligaywa kabusha, izakhi ezifana nethusi, i-aluminium, i-nickel ne-cobalt ebhethrini zingasetshenziswa ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe benqubo ye-metallurgical. Akukwazi nje kuphela ukuvimbela usongo lwemvelo, kodwa futhi ukulawula ngempumelelo izindleko zebhethri. Ukuthatha ibhethri le-lithium-ion elisekelwe ku-nickel hydride, okuqukethwe kwe-nickel yebhethri ye-lithium ion ye-nickel amandla angu-30% kuya ku-50%, okuqukethwe kwe-cobalt ku-2% kuya ku-5%, okuqukethwe komhlaba okungavamile kungu-5% kuya ku-10%, onokululama okuphezulu.

Ivelu Yezomnotho. U-Yu Navy, uMqondisi we-Strategic Development ye-Bond Circular Technology Co., Ltd.

, utshele izintatheli ukuthi ngemva kokuthola amabhethri emfucumfucu, ngemva kokudilizwa, ukuphuka, i-alkali, ukucwiliswa kwe-asidi, ukungeniswa nezinye izinyathelo, futhi ekugcineni kuncishiswe umkhiqizo owumphumela I-original industrial-grade raw material edingekayo ekukhiqizeni ibhethri, ukuze ithengiswe kumkhiqizi webhethri. Sithola amabhethri kadoti ngentengo ephansi uma kuqhathaniswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, simatasa nokugaywa kabusha kukadoti.

Kusho u-Yu Haijun. Uhlelo lokugaywa kabusha kufanele luthuthukiswe. Njengamanje, izimoto zikagesi zisesigabeni sokumaketha, futhi azikho izinhlobo eziningi zezicelo.

Ibhethri lamandla emoto kagesi i-lithium-ion alizange libe nesilinganiso esikhulu se-scrap, ngakho-ke izwe lami alikaqali uhlelo oluphelele lokugaywa kabusha kwebhethri lamandla emoto i-lithium-ion. Kodwa-ke, amanye amadolobha asathuthuka ngokushesha enze ukuhlola kokuhlola, i-Shenzhen Energy Saving and Energy Demonstration Leading Group Office, umqondisi wehhovisi, utshele izintatheli ukuthi i-Shenzhen isungule uhlelo lokusebenzisa ibhethri lamandla e-lithium-ion kanye nohlelo lokugaywa kabusha. Yonke into edayiswayo ingama-yuan angu-600, futhi uhulumeni uthatha ama-yuan angu-300, asetshenziselwa ukubuyisela amandla ebhethri ye-lithium-ion, aqale asungule indlela yokugaywa kabusha kwebhethri.

Ngokusho kwezintatheli, okwamanje kukhona inombolo ethile ye-nickel-hydrogen, amabhethri e-lithium-ion kanye nezinkampani zokuvuselela i-cobalt-nickel-nickel, kanye nesisekelo sokuvuselela nokwelashwa okuvuselelekayo kwamandla emoto amabhethri e-lithium-ion. Inethiwekhi yesevisi yokugaywa kabusha iyakhula kancane kancane. Ngokusho kochwepheshe bezimboni, amabhethri emoto amandla e-lithium-ion kanye ne-electronics yabathengi, i-nickel-cadmium, namabhethri e-lithium-ion ayafana ngokuyisisekelo, kubalulekile ukukhipha izinsimbi ezibalulekile njenge-nickel, i-cobalt, izakhi zomhlaba ezingavamile, futhi okwamanje Ngokuyisisekelo zinobuchwepheshe bokucubungula obuhambisanayo.

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