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Due to the low price, the performance stability is advantages, the battery is widely used in electric vehicles, energy storage and other fields. The number of waste storage that has occurred in my country exceeds 3.3 million tons, and its usage and waste is still increasing year by year.
At present, my country has not yet established a standard effective recycling system, and the regular recovery ratio is less than 30%. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Department of Environmental Protection, Beijing-Tianjin, Battery, Environmental Protection Industry, etc. Previous research show: 80% of the waste battery recovery of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area mastered in illegal social channels, the regular battery company recovered very small, formal regeneration lead company 80% of the raw materials also come from illegal channels.
Nearly 160,000 tons of lead every year, the resource pollution due to irregular recycling behavior, there is no use of perfect environmental protection facilities, a large number of waste batteries are arbitrarily dismantled, resulting in the gas, soil and water pollution. "The irregular recycling behavior not only seriously affects the environment and people's health, but also causes serious waste of waste lead resources and the loss of national taxes. Zhang Tian said.
According to statistics, my country has adopted advanced equipment and technology, lead recovery rates above 99%, more than 98% of lead recovery of developed countries. However, the "three no company" of illegal smelting is low, generally only 80% -85%, with a maximum of 90%, causing approximately nearly 160,000 tons of lead every year in illegal smelting process, becoming a pollution source and People's health serious risks. And illegally recovered, smelted battery interests, which also caused nearly 15 billion yuan per year.
The "Waste Battery Pollution Prevention Action Method" issued by the Ministry of Ecological Environment of the Ecological Environment is issued without the environmental cost, and by 2020, the battery production company implements the waste battery by implementing the production of the producer's responsibility extension. The standard collection rate is 40%; to 2025, the waste storage battery specification collection rate reaches 70%; all the waste batteries collected are all safely useful. Zhang Tian said that the battery recycling is important by market interests, lacks technical recycling.
In some population-intensive areas, waste batteries become resource for regeneration companies to bid for bidding. Some illegal underground regeneration companies "high price" snapped up, leading to the embarrassing situation of "lack of grains" in formal regeneration. The illegal company has achieved greater competitive space due to no pollution treatment costs, but can improve the purchase price of raw materials.
70% of the component in the battery is lead, with a high recovery and reuse value. At present, the recovery price of waste storage batteries is about 9,000 yuan / ton, and the price of lead ingots for smelting exceeds 18,000 yuan / ton. Illegal recycling, dismantling and smelting companies have no environmental protection, the profit of one ton of lead ingots exceeds 2,000 yuan.
Ma Yongang, vice president of the Lead and Zinc Branch of my country's Non-Colored Metal Industry Association, said that because of the low cost, illegal companies often raise prices when they recycle batteries, low prices when selling lead ingots, so that regular companies "two heads" is squeezed. Breaking the recovery and circulation of pollution to promote green development of the battery industry. Since the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan", the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, have launched the special governance called "The most strict" history in history ", and currently by 132 key companies in the" Standard Conditions of Battery Industry "by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the number of batteries companies It has been reduced from 1749 in 2012 to about 300, and the concentration of industry concentration has increased significantly.
It also achieved significant results in battery industrial transformation and green development. After the waste battery is illegally disassembled, lead in the acid liquid will leak in the environment, pollute the soil and groundwater. According to industry insiders, after the special governance of the country, my country's large medium-sized battery production company is currently introduced into the green ecological design, cutting pollutants from the source.
If a cadmium-containing battery containing arsenic battery is fully eliminated; an open-mouth battery that is easily leaked by pollutants is replaced by a valve sealing new battery. And through technological reform and automation, intelligent manufacturing equipment, prevent battery products from producing and emissions in production, pollutants during use, to reduce resource loss and environmental risks. At present, the pollution of my country's battery industry is concentrated in recycling and circulation, while the waste battery recovery and waste home appliances have similar difficulties.
Ma Yonggang and other experts believe that the rules such as waste storage, recycling, transportation, etc. should be improved, establish a traceable management system, etc. Zhang Tianyi suggests that the government should increase the supervision of environmental pollution risks, combating the illegal recycling of waste storage batteries, illegal lead regeneration smelting and causing environmental pollution behavior, investigating, dealing with tax evasion, tax evasion in the process of battery consumption tax, for standardized Battery company supply fair competition market environment, etc.
Original title: Where is the waste battery? Running on the back of the way.
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