Ubuchwepheshe bebhethri obumoshayo buyenza &39;izalwe kabusha&39;

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - អ្នកផ្គត់ផ្គង់ស្ថានីយ៍ថាមពលចល័ត

Izinhlobo ezintathu zokwelashwa ngokuvamile zihlobene nebhethri le-asidi ewudoti. Esokuqala, lahla ngokungahleliwe. Lokhu kuzongcolisa umhlaba nemithombo yamanzi.

Uma uhola emanzini noma ngokudla emzimbeni womuntu, kungase kubangele umonakalo ohlelweni lwezinzwa lomuntu, i-IQ ephansi, i-anemia, ubuhlungu bemisipha namalunga, njll. Okwesibili, ukudilizwa ngesihluku. E-China, ukugaywa kabusha okunenani eliphezulu kwama-workshops amancane ebhethri elidala, umthetho womhlaba ubanzi, futhi i-sulfuric acid iyalahlwa.

Sakhetha uhlobo lwesithathu lwe. Emhlanganweni wokucobelelana ngolwazi wokuvuselela nokugaywa kabusha kwe-Tianneng Group, uZhang Tianshi, uSihlalo weBhodi Labaqondisi utshele izintatheli. Isisetshenziswa esivuselelekayo sokuthola umthofu esifakwa ku-Tianneng, ibhethri le-asidi ewudoti, amabhethri acishe abe yi-10 amabhethri e-lead-asidi.

Ngemuva kwezinyathelo eziningi, amakhilogremu angu-6 omthofu ovuselelwe kaningi, i-polysulfate yamakati angu-1, amakhilogremu angu-0.6 wepulasitiki ye-polypropylene, konke kungasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza amabhethri amasha. Kalula nje, lo mugqa wokukhiqiza wokuhola kabusha ovuselelayo udla ibhethri lemfucuza, uvumele ukhanyise intsha yesibili.

Ngalolu chungechunge lwezimboni eziyindilinga, i-Tianneng ingaphinda isebenzise amathani angu-150,000 ebhethri elilahlwayo minyaka yonke, amathani ayi-100,000 omthofu wokuvuselela kanye namashumi ezinkulungwane zamathani. Ngemuva kokusebenza okuhle: ibhethri elilahlekile alinangozi, inkampani izoshintsha ibhethri njalo eminyakeni eyi-11.5 ukusuka emayini yedolobha.

Imoto endizayo, ibhethri elineasidi yomthofu esetshenziswayo, nayo yashintshwa njalo ngemva kweminyaka engama-23. Uma impilo yebhethri ifile, into enhle izofika ku-tube? Inkinga iphonswa kuyo yonke imboni yebhethri, i-Tianneng Group nayo ihlukile. Le mboni iyimboni esezingeni eliphansi emehlweni abantu abaningi, ukungcola okuphezulu, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphezulu, kodwa hhayi phezulu kakhulu.

Ngokwezibalo ze-Battery Industry Association yezwe lami, ngoJuni nonyaka, imboni yebhethri kazwelonke iqongelela imali engenayo yebhizinisi efika ku-13.16% unyaka nonyaka. Ukuqedwa kwenzuzo enkulu yebhizinisi ngoMeyi kukhuphuke ngo-7.

71% unyaka nonyaka, uJuni ukhuphuke ngo-27.26% unyaka nonyaka. Ku-Circular Economic Industrial Park, e-Zhejiang, e-Zhejiang, okuvelayo okungokwemvelo, kwachithwa isethi ye-digital Tianneng Group ukuze kuzuzwe imali yokuthengisa engaphezu kuka-37.

945 billion yuan, ngaphezu konyaka odlule; kulo nyaka engxenyeni yokuqala yalo nyaka Imali engenayo yokuthengisa ikhuphuke yafinyelela ku-80% unyaka nonyaka. Okwamanje, i-7, ngo-Agasti yisikhathi sokuthengisa, umugqa ngamunye wokukhiqiza uvula amandla amahhashi, futhi ama-oda avela phesheya nawo agcwele izinyanga ezimbalwa. Izibalo zokuthengisa umlilo obomvu, ziqinisekisile ukusebenza kokuthuthukiswa kohlaza kwenkampani.

Ukugaywa kabusha komthofu ngokuqondile kusuka kudoti, ungambiwa izimayini, ukumbiwa kwamaminerali, izimayini, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kungamaphesenti angama-25.1 kuphela okusetshenziswa komthofu kwasekuqaleni. Ukwelashwa okungenangozi kwamabhethri asetshenzisiwe, okwenza u-Tianneng wamba imayini enkulu yasemadolobheni.

Izindleko zokukhiqiza umthofu wokuvuselela zingaphansi ngo-38% kunomthofu wokuqala. Njengamanje, amabhethri amaningi enkampani azikhiqizela wona angaphinda agaywe kabusha, futhi angazuza kakhulu. Khulisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe: lonke uchungechunge lwezimboni lungaba nobungane emvelweni, ubuchwepheshe obuphezulu bebhethri elivuselelayo, eligaywa kabusha lisuka ezweni lonke, kanye nolayini wokukhiqiza wokutholwa komthofu ovuselelekayo othuthelwa e-Tianneng.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ekuhlanganisweni kwebhethri kwe-Tianneng, kungenye inkundla. Ngaphezu kwamamitha-skwele angu-3,000 wezinkundla zokusebenzela, imigqa yokukhiqiza amabhethri engu-6 ezenzakalelayo evula ngayinye ngayinye, opharetha abambalwa kuphela endaweni yesigameko. Ngalo lolo suku, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu lingu-39 degrees Celsius.

Iseduze nolayini wokukhiqiza, kodwa angicabangi ukuthi intuthu iyidina. Ukungcoliswa kwebhethri le-lead-acid yombala kungenzeka kakhulu, sebenzisa kabusha izixhumanisi ezimbili. Futhi inkampani ifuna lonke uchungechunge lwezimboni luhambisane nemvelo, kufanele ube nesihlangu se-post-tech esisezingeni eliphezulu.

Ukutshala imali ekusungulweni kwezobuchwepheshe, <000000>lsquo;Ungangabazi ukusebenza’. U-Zhang Tian uthe i-Tianneng Group inesamba esingaphezu kuka-3% wemali engenayo yokuthengisa minyaka yonke. Kuyisikhwama esikhethekile sokusungula izinto zobuchwepheshe.

Ingxenye yocwaningo kanye nentuthuko yokubala utshalomali lwemali engenayo yokuthengisa ikhuphuka minyaka yonke. Kungu-3.1% ngo-2010, kanti u-2011 waba ngu-3.

7%. 4.2% ngo-2012.

Manje, ngaphezu kuka-45% wemali engenayo yokuthengisa yeqembu evela kuminikelo yemikhiqizo emisha. Eminyakeni engaphezu kweshumi edlule, lapho idolobha liqala ukuqhuba ibhayisikili likagesi, i-Tianneng Group yahola ekuthuthukiseni amabhethri ebhayisikili kagesi agcwele ulwandle, anganakekeli, ephula isimo semikhiqizo yakwamanye amazwe. Inkampani ibe yinhle, ukuthengisa akulula, ingabe ufuna ukuqhubeka nokungena ezwini elisha? Ngaleso sikhathi, ungqimba lwenkampani lokuthatha izinqumo nalo lwalunamazwi ahlukene: ubungozi obusha, kanye nemigqa yokukhiqiza ekhona efakwa enkingeni, inikezela ngeshwa.

Ibhodi Labaqondisi lisebenza ngokukhethekile kochwepheshe bezemfundo, likhuluma ngokuqondisa kokuthuthukiswa kwamandla amasha aluhlaza eminyakeni engama-20 ezayo. Ekugcineni, inkampani iphethe ukuvumelana: noma ngabe kukhona ingozi, kodwa lokhu kuyaqhubeka nokusungula, inani! Qhubeka nokwandisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwesayensi nezobuchwepheshe, ukugaywa kabusha kwemvelo kwebhethri okudonsa amehlo, i-Tianneng lesi sinyathelo ngesinyathelo, uchungechunge lwezimboni oluzungeza isikhathi eside. Naka ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo: Imikhiqizo emisha eyi-10 yethulwa minyaka yonke, futhi izibalo ze-Battery Industry Association yezwe lami zibonisa ukuthi amabhethri e-lithium-ion kagesi e-Tianneng ahlala iminyaka engu-16 ezweni.

Embonini yebhethri evamile, yini isihlalo sokuqala sika-Tianneng esingahlala isikhathi eside kangaka? Production isizukulwane, ucwaningo kanye nentuthuko, ubuchopho kabusha egcinwe, ucwaningo umkhiqizo kanye nokuthuthukiswa izizukulwane ezintathu. UZhang Tian ukhuluma ngemfihlo. Manje, i-Tianneng Group yethula imikhiqizo enegunya lobunikazi engaphezu kwe-10 njalo ngonyaka.

Njengebhethri ye-lithium-ion enikwe amandla i-lithium-ion, izinkampani ezimbalwa kuphela zakwamanye amazwe zingaba ezincane futhi zikhiqize ngobuningi, i-Tianneng New Power R <000000> D Centre ithuthukise ibhethri ye-lithium-ion yamandla e-lithium-ion, futhi intengo ingaphansi kuka-20% ngaphansi kwemikhiqizo engenisiwe. Abasebenzi bezobuchwepheshe bathi uma kuqhathaniswa nebhethri ye-lead-acid ye-lithium-ion efanayo, ibhethri ye-lithium ion amandla i-lithium-ion ilula 3/4, ivolumu ingu-1/3, kodwa imayela lingaba ngu-50% ubude, impilo entsha Khulisa izikhathi ezi-2 kuya kwezi-3. Le nto entsha kulobu buchwepheshe idume kakhulu emakethe.

Kulo nyaka, i-Tianneng lithium-ion amandla ibhethri ye-lithium-ion ibilokhu igcwele ukukhiqizwa komthwalo, ama-oda angaphandle akhuphuke ngokushesha. Ngisho nezihlahla ezindala njengamabhethri endabuko aneasidi yomthofu, nazo zihlala zisungula, zihluma imiqumbe emisha. Njengamabhethri amanxeba asanda kwakhiwa, ivolumu ephezulu, amandla aphezulu, kanye nokushintsha isimo esinzima sebhethri le-asidi yomthofu; ngokusebenzisa ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, i-silica gel njenge-electrolyte, ukuxazulula inkinga lapho usebenzisa i-sulfuric acid.

Okwamanje, i-Tianneng iphinde iphule emisha ukuze igxile kumandla webhethri ye-lithium-ion yemoto kagesi. Bonke bathi izimoto zikagesi zinhle, kungani kwenziwa izimboni? Ibhethri lifushane, isikhathi sokushaja side, inethiwekhi yokushaja incane, ibhodlela. U-Zhang Tianshi ukholelwa ukuthi lesi kumane nje kuyindawo entsha yokusungula, indawo yokuthuthukiswa.

Isizukulwane sakamuva samabhethri ejeli ye-silica yomhlaba athuthukiswe ngu-Tianneng, okwalezi zingqinamba. Leli bhethri elisha lishajwa kanye, futhi imoto ingaqhubeka nokuhamba amakhilomitha angu-120. Njengamanje, kube nonyaka wokukhiqiza ukukhiqizwa kwe-120,000.

Ukukhiqizwa kwamabhethri kubantu abaningi kubonakala kuyimboni evamile kakhulu, kodwa kufana nale mboni evamile yemizamo yokuwela ingxenye yesinyathelo esiya phambili.<000000>lsquo;Cross’Ingena amandla amasha, umhlaba omkhulu wezimboni ezisafufusa. U-Zhang Tian uthe u-Tian angakwazi ukweqa lesi sinyathelo, kuye ngokwanda okuphindwe kabili kokongiwa kwamandla kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nekhono lokusungula izinto zobuchwepheshe.