Nguva yechando lithium-ion bhatiri huwandu huchave husingafadzi, nei iyo lithium ion bhatiri "kutya" yakaderera tembiricha?

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Kubva pakupinda mumusika, mabhatiri e-lithium-ion akawana huwandu hwemashandisirwo nemabhenefiti ayo ehupenyu hurefu, hukuru hwakakura huwandu, hapana mhedzisiro yekurangarira. Kuderera kwekushisa kwe lithium-ion bhatiri yakaderera, kuomerwa kwakanyanya, kutadza kutenderera kwekusimudzira kuita, pachena lithium phenomenon, deinterlaxing lithium kusaenzana, nezvimwe. Zvisinei, nekuenderera mberi kwekuwedzera kwekushandiswa, kudziviswa kwekushanda kwakadzika kwekushisa kwemabhatiri e-lithium-ion kunonyanya kuoneka.

Sekureva kwemishumo, simba rekuburitsa reti lithium-ion bhatiri rinongosvika 31.5% pamhepo tembiricha pa -20 ° C. Traditional lithium-ion bhatiri tembiricha iri pakati -20 - + 55 ° C.

Asi muminda yeaerospace, mota dzemagetsi, nezvimwewo, bhatiri rinogona kushanda zvakanaka pa -40 ° C. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha zvikuru kuvandudza yakadzika tembiricha zvivakwa zve lithium ion mabhatiri.

Zvinhu zvinomanikidzira lithium-ion bhatiri kuderera kwekushisa kwekuita ● Munzvimbo dzakaderera dzekushisa, viscosity ye electrolyte inowedzera, kunyange yakasimbiswa zvishoma, zvichiita kuti kuderedzwa kwemagetsi emagetsi e lithium ion battery. ● Kuwirirana pakati pe electrolyte uye electrode yakaipa uye diaphragm yakashata pasi pemamiriro ekupisa kwepasi. ● I-electrode yakaipa ye lithiamu-ion bhatiri pasi pemamiriro ekushisa yakadzika yakanyanyisa, uye simbi yakasvibiswa yelithium inobatwa ne electrolyte, uye kuiswa kwechigadzirwa kunoguma mune yakasimba state electrolyte interface (SEI) kuwedzera kwehupamhi.

● Lithium ion bhatiri pasi pekushisa kwakadzika nharaunda inodzikiswa, uye iyo charge transfer impedance (RCT) inowedzera zvakanyanya. Hurukuro pamusoro pekuderera kwekushisa kwekuita zvinhu zvinokanganisa mabhatiri e-lithium ion ● Maonero enyanzvi 1: Electrolyne solution ine zvakakosha pakushanda kwakadzika kwekushisa kwemabhatiri e-lithium ion, kuumbwa uye kugadzirisa zvinhu zve electrolyte kune zvakakosha pakushanda kwebhatiri. Dambudziko riri mubhatiri kuderera kwekushisa ndere: viscosity ye electrolyte ichava yakakura, ion conduction speed inononoka, zvichiita kuti electron migration speed yekunze kwedunhu, saka bhatiri rinoputika zvakanyanya, uye simba rekuchajisa uye kuburitsa rine kuderera kwakanyanya.

Kunyanya kana yakaderera-tembiricha kuchaja, lithium ions inogona nyore kugadzira lithium delegranes pamusoro peiyo negative electrode, zvichikonzera kutadza kwebhatiri. Iko kuderera kwekushisa kwe electrolyte kwakanyatsoenderana nehukuru hwe electrolyte pachayo conductivity, iyo ion yekufambisa yemagetsi conductivity inokurumidza, uye huwandu hwehuwandu hunogona kuiswa pakudziya kwakaderera. Iyo yakawanda lithium munyu mu electrolyte, iyo yakawanda nhamba yevanotama, inowedzera conductivity.

High magetsi conductivity, kukurumidza ion conductivity, duku polarization, zviri nani kushanda kwebhatiri pakudzika kwakadzika. Naizvozvo, yakakwirira conductivity ndiyo inodiwa mamiriro ekuwana yakanaka yakaderera tembiricha kuita kwe lithium ion mabhatiri. Iko kushandiswa kwemagetsi kwe electrolyte kwakabatana nekuumbwa kwe electrolyte, uye viscosity ye solvent ndeyekuvandudza nzira ye electrolyte magetsi ekugadzirisa.

Iyo fluidity yekunyungudutsa yakanaka pane yakaderera tembiricha yezvinonyungudutsa ndiyo vimbiso yekutakura ion, uye iyo yakasimba electrolyte membrane yakaumbwa ne electrolyte mu yakaderera tembiricha electrolyte zvakare kiyi kune lithium ion conduction, uye RSEI ndiyo inonyanya kuvharidzira ye lithium ion bhatiri munzvimbo yakaderera tembiricha. ● Nyanzvi maonero 2: Yakaganhurirwa lithium-ion bhatiri yakaderera tembiricha kuita kuri kupinza kuwedzera kweLI + diffusion impedance pasi pekushisa kwakadzika, asi kwete SEI firimu. Kudzikira tembiricha maitiro eiyo yakanaka electrode zvinhu zvelithium ion bhatiri ● 1, iyo yakaderera tembiricha hunhu dhizaini dhizaini dhizaini yakanaka ye electrode zvinhu ine ese-imwe-dimensional lithium ion diffusion chiteshi, uye ine kugadzikana kwechimiro chetatu-dimensional chiteshi, inova yekutanga kutengeserana kutengeserana.

Lithium ion bhatiri yakanaka zvinhu. Izvo zvinomiririra zvinhu zvinosanganisira LiCoO2, Li (CO1-XNIX) O2 uye Li (Ni, Co, Mn) O2, nezvimwe. Xie Xiaohua, nezvimwewo.

shandisa LiCoo2 / MCMB sezvinhu zvekutsvagisa, kuyedza yakaderera tembiricha yekuchaja maitiro. Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidza kuti tembiricha painodzikira, chikuva chekuburitsa chinodonha kubva pa3.762V (0 ° C) kuenda pa3.

207V (-30 ° C); bhatiri rayo rakazara simba zvakare rakaderedzwa kubva 78.98mA · h (0 ° C) kusvika 68.55mA · h (-30 ° C).

● 2, iyo yakaderera tembiricha hunhu hwezvakanaka zvinhu zve spinel chimiro spinel chimiro LiMn2O4 yakanaka zvinhu, nekuti hapana Co element, kune yakaderera mutengo, isina-chepfu zvakanakira. Nekudaro, iyo Mn valence giya uye iyo JaHN-Teller mhedzisiro yeMn3 +, zvichikonzera matambudziko akadai sekumisikidza kusagadzikana uye kudzoreredzwa mutsauko. Peng Zhengshun, zvichiratidza kuti electrochemical performance yeLiMn2O4 yakanaka electrode zvinhu zvakakura, uye RCT inoshandiswa semuenzaniso: iyo RCT yeLIMN2O4 yakasanganiswa nepamusoro tembiricha yakasimba chikamu chakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura iyo sol gel nzira, uye chiitiko ichi chiri mu lithium ion Yakasimwa pane diffusion coefficients.

Chikonzero chinonyanya kukonzerwa nemhando dzakasiyana dzekugadzira nzira dzekristallinity uye morphology yechigadzirwa. ● 3, iyo yakaderera tembiricha maitiro eiyo phosphate system yakanaka electrode zvinhu LIFEPO4 ndiyo huru yeizvino simba bhatiri yakanaka zvinhu nekuda kweiyo yakanakisa vhoriyamu kugadzikana uye kuchengeteka, ine ternary zvinhu. Iyo yakaderera tembiricha yekudzivirira yesimbi phosphate inonyanya nekuti iyo pachayo ndiyo insulator, iyo electron conductivity yakaderera, iyo lithium ion diffusion haina kunaka, kuitira kuti kupikisa kwemukati kwebhatiri kuwedzere, polarization yakakwira, bhatiri yekuchaja uye kubuda yakavharwa, saka tembiricha yakaderera Performance haina kunaka.

Valley Yidi, zvichingodaro, paunenge uchidzidza kubhadharisa uye kuburitsa maitiro eLifePO4 pane tembiricha yakaderera, kushanda kweKulen i64% pa96% uye -20 ° C pa55 ° C kusvika 0 ° C, uye kubuda kwemagetsi kunobva pa55 ° C 3.11V.

2.62V yekuendesa kune -20 ° C. XING et al, kuwanikwa, mushure mekuwedzera kwe nanocarbon conductive agents, electrochemical properties yeLiFePO4 yakaderera, uye kuderera kwekushisa kwekushanda kunovandudzwa; iyo yekuburitsa voltage yeLiFePO4 mushure mekushandurwa 3.

40 V yakawira ku 3.09V pa -25 ° C, kuderera kwaiva 9.12% chete; uye kushanda kwayo kwebhatiri kwaive 57.

3%, yakakwirira kupfuura 53.4% ​​yeasiri-nanocarbon magetsi agent pa -25 ° C. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, LIMNPO4 yakakwezva zvinofarirwa nevanhu.

Chidzidzo ichi chakawana kuti LIMNPO4 ine yakakwira mikana (4.1V), isina kusvibiswa, mutengo wakaderera, hombe chaiyo chiyero (170mAh / g), nezvimwe. Nekudaro, nekuda kweiyo yakaderera ion conductivity yeLIMNPO4 pane LiFePO4, inowanzoshandiswa kutsiva Mn kuumba LiMn0.

8Fe0.2PO4 yakasimba mhinduro mukushandiswa chaiko kwechikamu cheFE. Iyo yakaderera tembiricha maitiro eiyo negative electrode zvinhu zvelithium-ion bhatiri zvakanyanya hukama kune yakanaka electrode zvinhu, uye kuderera kwekushisa kwebhatiri re lithium ion kwakanyanya, zvikonzero zvitatu: ● Kuderera kwekushisa kwepamusoro-soro yekuwedzera uye kubudiswa, bhatiri polarization yakaoma, yakaipa pamusoro pesimbi Lithium inoiswa zvakanyanya, uye maitiro emagetsi e lithium yesimbi uye haina magetsi emagetsi e lithium; Kukanganiswa nekushisa kwakadzika;.

Kudzidzwa kweyepasi tembiricha electrolytic mhinduro inoita mhedzisiro yekufambisa Li + mu lithium ion bhatiri, uye yayo ionic conductivity uye SEI firimu rekuita kuita zvine mhedzisiro yakakura pakuderera kwebhatiri tembiricha. Zvinotemerwa kuti yakaderera tembiricha electrolytic mhinduro yakanyanya kunyanya, pane matatu makuru zviratidzo: ionic conductivity, electrochemical windows, uye electrode reactivity. Chiyero chezviratidzi zvitatu izvi chinoenderana zvakanyanya neayo ekugadzira zvinhu: solvent, electrolyte (lithium munyu), additive.

Nokudaro, chidzidzo chekushanda kwekushisa kwepasi kwechikamu chimwe nechimwe che electrolyte, inokosha zvikuru pakunzwisisa nekuvandudza kushanda kwekushisa kwebhatiri. ● EC-based electrolyte yakaderera tembiricha maitiro kana ichienzaniswa neketani kabhoni, iyo cyclic carbonate chimiro chiri padyo, yakasimba, ine yakakwira melting point uye viscosity. Nekudaro, iyo yakakura polarity yeiyo annular chimiro inoita kuti igare ine hombe dielectric inogara.

EC solvent ine hombe dielectric inogara, yakakwirira ion conductivity, yakakwana yekugadzira firimu kuita, zvinobudirira kudzivirira iyo solvent molecule kubva pakubatanidzwa, kuitira kuti ive nzvimbo yakakosha, zvekuti kazhinji yakaderera tembiricha electrolytic mhinduro masisitimu akakura, uye obva asanganiswa Low melting point yediki molecule solvent. ● Lithium munyu chinhu chakakosha che electrolyte. Iyo lithium munyu haigone kungovandudza ionic conductivity yemhinduro, asi zvakare kuderedza kupararira kureba kweLi + mumhinduro.

Kazhinji, iyo yakakura iyo Li + yekumisikidza mumhinduro, iyo yakakura iyo ion conductivity. Nekudaro, iyo yekusangana kweiyo lithium ion concentration mu electrolyte haina kurongeka, asi mutsara weparabolic. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti, iyo lithium ion concentration musolvent inoenderana nekuparadzaniswa kweiyo lithium munyu mune solvent uye simba remubatanidzwa.

Chidzidzo chekushomeka kweelectrolyte tembiricha kunze kwekuti bhatiri rinoumbwa rega, uye maitiro ekuita mukushanda chaiko achavewo nemhedzisiro yakakosha pakushanda kwebhatiri. ● (1) Gadziriro Yekugadzirira YAQUB et al, kukanganisa kwemagetsi emagetsi uye kukobvu kwekuputira paLINI0.6CO 0.

2 mn0.2O2 / graphite bhatiri yakaderera tembiricha performance yakaratidza kuti idiki iyo electrode mutoro idiki, iyo shoma yekupfeka layer itete Kurinani kuderera kwekushisa kuita. ● (2) Charge and discharge status Petzl et al, kukanganisa kwepasi-tembiricha-kubvisa-kubvisa mamiriro ehupenyu hwebhatiri kutenderera kwakawana kuti kana kudzika kwekubuda kunogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kwemasimba makuru, uye kuderedza kutenderera kwehupenyu.

(3) Nzvimbo yepamusoro, aperture, electrode density, kunyorova kwe electrode uye electrolytic solution, nezvimwe zvakadaro, izvo zvinokanganisa kuderera kwekushisa kwe lithium ion battery. Uye zvakare, kukanganisa kwekukanganisa kwezvinhu uye maitiro pane yakaderera tembiricha yebhatiri haigone kuregererwa. Nokudaro, kuitira kuti uve nechokwadi chekushanda kwekushisa kweti lithium-ion bateri, zvakakosha kuita zvinotevera: ● (1) kugadzira firimu yakaonda uye yakaoma SEI; ● (2) inovimbisa kuti Li + ine yakakura kupararira coefficient muchinhu chinoshanda; ● (3) ) Electrolyte ine high ion conductivity panguva yakaderera tembiricha.

Mukuwedzera, chidzidzo chacho chinogonawo kutora imwe nzira, uye ziso rinoshandurwa kune imwe mhando ye lithium-ion bhatiri - yakazara yakasimba lithium ion bhatiri. Kuenzaniswa neyakajairwa mabhatiri e-lithium-ion, ese akasimba-state lithium ion mabhatiri, kunyanya akazara akasimba akaonda firimu lithium ion mabhatiri, anotarisirwa kugadzirisa zvachose dambudziko rekudzikisa uye kutenderera nyaya dzekuchengetedza dzinoshandiswa mukupisa kwebhatiri. Saka unobata sei lithium mabhatiri munguva yechando? 1.

Usashandise tembiricha ye lithium bhatiri munzvimbo yakadzika tembiricha yekuita kwe lithium bhatiri, kudzikisa tembiricha yelithium bhatiri, kuderera kwekuita kwe lithium bhatiri, izvo zvinotungamira kuderedzwa kwakanyanya kwechaji uye kuburitsa kushanda zvakanaka, izvo kazhinji, basa re lithium bhatiri Tembiricha iri pakati -20 madhigirii -60 madhigirii. Kana tembiricha iri pasi pe0 ° C, chenjerera kuti usachaja kunze, unogona kuichaja, tinogona kutora bhatiri mukamuri (chinyorwa, gara kure nekupisa !!!), Kana tembiricha iri pazasi -20 At ° C, bhatiri rinongopinda munzvimbo yekurara uye haigone kushandiswa zvakajairika. Saka mushandisi wekuchamhembe anotonhora zvakanyanya.

Iko hakuna indoor kuchaja mamiriro. Kuti ushandise zvakazara bhatiri rese, kurumidza kuchaja zuva mushure mekupaka, kuwedzera kuchaja, uye kudzivirira lithium. 2, gadzira iyo inoperekedzana yenguva yechando, kana bhatiri ranyanya kuderera, isu tinofanirwa kuchaja nenguva, kukudziridza tsika yakanaka yekuperekedza, rangarira, usambofa wakatevedzera bhatiri rakajairwa kuti udzokere kusimba rebhatiri rechando.

Nguva yechando lithium bhatiri chiitiko chinodzikira, chiri nyore kwazvo kukonzera kuwandisa, chinokanganisa hupenyu hwebhatiri, uye kukonzeresa tsaona yekupisa. Nokudaro, teerera zvakanyanya kubhadharisa nenzira isina kudzika-yakadzika munguva yechando. Kunyanya inoda kunongedzerwa, usamisa mota kwenguva yakareba, dzivirira pamusoro pechaji.

3, usagare kure nekurangarira kusachaja kwenguva yakareba, usaite kuti zvive nyore, isa mota kwenguva yakareba munzvimbo yekuchaja, uye unogona. Kana nzvimbo yekuchaja munguva yechando isingasviki 0 ° C, paunenge uchichaja, usabva kure zvakanyanya, kudzivirira njodzi, kubata nenguva. 4.

Paunenge uchichaja, shandisa musika welithium bhatiri wakasarudzika uzere neiyo yakaderera charger, uchishandisa yakaderera majaja, inogona kukonzera kukuvara kwebhatiri, uye kunyange kukonzera moto. Usatenga zvigadzirwa zvepasi-zvisina kuvimbiswa, usashandise lead-acid bhatiri charger; kana charger yako isingakwanise kuishandisa, rega kuishandisa, usarasikirwa. 5, teerera kuhupenyu hwebheteri, kuchinja panguva yakakodzera muhupenyu hutsva hwebhatiri, mararamiro akasiyana-siyana ehupenyu hwebheteri, pamwe nekushandiswa kwezuva nezuva, hupenyu hwebhatiri hahuna kuenzana, kana motokari ichishandiswa pasi kana kusingaperi Pfupi, tapota taura nevashandi ve lithium battery kugadzirisa munhu munguva pfupi, tapota taura nevashandi ve lithium battery.

6, kune magetsi akanaka echando, kuitira kuti ushandise motokari pakati pechirimo, kana usina bhatiri refu kwenguva refu, uchayeuka kubhadharisa 50% - 80% yebhatiri, uye kuibvisa kubva mumotokari, uye kuita nguva dzose kuchaja, inenge mwedzi mumwe Charge. Cherechedza: Bhatiri rinochengetwa munzvimbo yakaoma. 7.

Isa bhatiri nemazvo Usanyudza bhatiri mumvura, kana kuita kuti bhatiri rinyorove; usaisa anopfuura 7 pasi, kana kushandura bhatiri nzira, lithium.