E lilo ana ka mana pākaukau lithium-ion i ka hoʻoilo, no ke aha e "makaʻu" ai ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka pā lithium ion?

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Mai ke komo ʻana i ka mākeke, ua loaʻa i nā pā lithium-ion ka nui o nā noi me kona mau pono o ke ola lōʻihi, ka mana kikoʻī nui, ʻaʻohe hopena hoʻomanaʻo. He haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka pā lithium-ion, ka attenuation koʻikoʻi, maikaʻi ʻole ka hana hoʻonui ʻana i ka pōʻaiapuni, ʻike ʻia ka lithium phenomenon, deinterlaxing lithium imbalance, etc. Eia naʻe, me ka hoʻonui mau ʻana o ka noi, ʻoi aku ka ʻike o ka palena o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o nā pā lithium-ion.

Wahi a nā hōʻike, ʻo ka hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia o ka pā lithium-ion ma kahi o 31.5% wale nō ma ka lumi lumi ma -20 ° C. Ma waena o -20 - + 55 ° C ma waena o -20 - + 55 ° C.

Akā ma nā kahua o ka aerospace, nā kaʻa uila, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, hiki ke hana pono ka pākaukau ma -40 ° C. No laila, he mea nui ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā waiwai haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o nā pā lithium ion.

ʻO nā kumu i kāohi i ka pāhana lithium-ion haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ● Ma nā wahi wela haʻahaʻa, piʻi ka viscosity o ka electrolyte, me ka paʻa paʻa ʻana, e hopena i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa uila o ka pā lithium ion. ● Hoʻopilikia ka pilina ma waena o ka electrolyte a me ka electrode ʻino a me ka diaphragm ma lalo o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. ● ʻO ka electrode maikaʻi ʻole o ka pā lithium-ion ma lalo o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e hoʻohaʻahaʻa nui ʻia, a ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka lithium metala metala me ka electrolyte, a ʻo ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka huahana e hoʻonui i ka mānoanoa.

● Hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ka pākaukau Lithium ion ma lalo o ke kaiapuni haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a ua hoʻonui nui ʻia ka impedance hoʻoili kālā (RCT). Kūkākūkā e pili ana i nā kumu hana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e pili ana i nā ʻāpana lithium ion ● Manaʻo loea 1: He hopena koʻikoʻi ka hopena Electrolyne i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o nā pā lithium ion, ʻo ka haku mele ʻana a me nā waiwai waiwai o ka electrolyte he hopena koʻikoʻi i ka hana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. ʻO ka pilikia i loko o ka pākaukau haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa: e lilo ka viscosity o ka electrolyte i mea nui, ua lohi ka wikiwiki o ka ion conduction, ka hopena i ka wikiwiki o ka neʻe ʻana o ka electron o ke kaapuni waho, no laila ua polarized nui ka pākaukau, a ʻoi aku ka emi ʻana o ka mana a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana.

ʻOi loa i ka wā e hoʻopiʻi ana i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, hiki i nā lithium ions ke hana maʻalahi i nā delegane lithium ma ka ʻili o ka electrode maikaʻi ʻole, e hopena i ka pau ʻole o ka pā. ʻO ka hana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka electrolyte e pili kokoke ana i ka nui o ka electrolyte pono&39;ī conductivity, wikiwiki ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka ion o ka conductivity uila, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā paʻakai lithium i ka electrolyte, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka neʻe ʻana, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka conductivity.

Kiʻekiʻe uila conductivity, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka ion conductivity, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka polarization, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana o ka pākaukau ma ka wela haʻahaʻa. No laila, ʻo ka conductivity kiʻekiʻe kahi kūlana kūpono no ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka hana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa maikaʻi o nā pā lithium ion. ʻO ka conductivity uila o ka electrolyte e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka electrolyte, a ʻo ka viscosity o ka solvent e hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ala o ka conductivity uila electrolyte.

ʻO ka fluidity o ka solvent maikaʻi ma kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka solvent ka hōʻoia o ka lawe ʻana i ka ion, a ʻo ka membrane electrolyte paʻa i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka electrolyte i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa electrolyte he kī hoʻi ia i ka conduction lithium ion, a ʻo ka RSEI ka impedance nui o ka pā lithium ion i kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. ● Manaʻo loea 2: ʻO ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa lithium-ion ka piʻi nui o ka LI + diffusion impedance ma lalo o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, akā ʻaʻole ʻo SEI film. Haʻahaʻa wela hiʻona o ka maikaʻi electrode mea o ka lithium ion pā ● 1, ka haʻahaʻa wela hiʻona hiʻona papa hana o ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu electrode mea i loaʻa i ka hoʻokahi-dimensional lithium ion diffusion channel, a i ka structural paʻa o ka ekolu-dimensional channel, ka mea i ka mua kalepa kalepa.

Lithium ion pākaukau pono mea. ʻO kona mau mea i hōʻike ʻia he LiCoO2, Li (CO1-XNIX) O2 a me Li (Ni, Co, Mn) O2, etc. Xie Xiaohua, etc.

e hoʻohana iā LiCoo2 / MCMB ma ke ʻano he noiʻi, e hoʻāʻo ana i kāna mau hiʻohiʻona haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Hōʻike nā hopena i ka emi ʻana o ka mahana, hāʻule ka paepae hoʻokuʻu mai 3.762V (0 ° C) i 3.

207V (-30 ° C); ua ho&39;ēmi &39;ia ka nui o ka pila mai 78.98mA · h (0 ° C) a i ka 68.55mA · h (-30 ° C).

● 2, i ka haʻahaʻa wela hiʻona o ka maikai mea o ka spinel hale spinel hale LiMn2O4 maikai mea, no ka mea, aohe Co kumu, aia he haʻahaʻa kumu kūʻai, non-meaʻawaʻawa pono. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka Mn valence gear a me ka hopena JaHN-Teller o Mn3 +, ka hopena i nā pilikia e like me ka ʻokoʻa paʻa ʻole a hiki ke hoʻohuli. ʻO Peng Zhengshun, e hōʻike ana he nui ka hana electrochemical o LiMn2O4 mau mea electrode maikaʻi, a ua hoʻohana ʻia ka RCT ma ke ʻano he laʻana: ʻo ka RCT o LIMN2O4 synthesized e ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana paʻa paʻa ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ke ʻano sol gel, a ʻo kēia hanana i loko o ka lithium ion Kau ʻia ma ka diffusion coefficients.

ʻO ke kumu ma muli o nā ʻano synthetic like ʻole no ka crystallinity a me ka morphology o ka huahana. ● 3, i ka haʻahaʻa wela hiʻona o ka phosphate nenoaiu electrode mea pono LIFEPO4 ke kino nui o ka mana o keia manawa maikai mea ma muli o ka maikai leo paʻa a me ka palekana, me ka ternary mea. ʻO ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka hao phosphate no ka mea ʻo ka mea ponoʻī ka insulator, haʻahaʻa ka conductivity electron, haʻahaʻa ka diffusion lithium ion, no laila ke piʻi aʻe ke kūpaʻa kūloko o ka pākaukau, kiʻekiʻe ka polarization, paʻa ʻia ke kau pākaukau a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana, no laila ʻaʻole kūpono ka hana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.

Valley Yidi, etc., i ka wā e aʻo ana i ka hana a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o LifePO4 i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻo 64% ka maikaʻi Kulen ma 96% a me -20 ° C ma 55 ° C a 0 ° C, a ʻo ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana mai 55 ° C 3.11V.

2.62V o ka hāʻawi ʻana i -20 ° C. ʻO XING et al, ʻike ʻia, ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā mea hana conductive nanocarbon, ua emi nā waiwai electrochemical o LiFePO4, a ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka hana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa; ʻO ka volta hoʻokuʻu o LiFePO4 ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻana 3.

Ua hāʻule ka 40 V i 3.09V ma -25 ° C, ʻo 9.12% wale nō ka emi ʻana; a he 57 ka pono o ka pila.

3%, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 53.4% ​​​​o ka mea hana uila non-nanocarbon ma -25 ° C. I kēia mau lā, ua hoʻokipa ʻo LIMNPO4 i ka makemake o ka poʻe.

Ua ʻike ʻia ka haʻawina he mau mana kiʻekiʻe ka LIMNPO4 (4.1V), ʻaʻohe pollution, ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa, ka mana kikoʻī nui (170mAh / g), etc. Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ion conductivity o LIMNPO4 ma mua o LiFePO4, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e pani i ka Mn e hana i kahi LiMn0.

8Fe0.2PO4 hoʻonā paʻa i ka hoʻohana maoli ʻana i ka ʻāpana FE. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o nā mea electrode maikaʻi ʻole o ka pā lithium-ion ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi e pili ana i ka mea electrode maikaʻi, a ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka pā lithium ion, ʻekolu mau kumu: ● ʻO ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe ka uku a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana, ua koʻikoʻi ka polarization o ka pila, ua waiho nui ʻia ʻo Lithium, a ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka hopena o ka metala lithium a me ka electrolyte conductivity; Hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka wela haʻahaʻa;.

ʻO ke aʻo ʻana i nā haʻina haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa electrolytic e hana i ka hopena o ka hoʻoili ʻana i ka Li + i loko o kahi pākaukau lithium ion, a ʻo kona conductivity ionic a me ka hana hoʻokumu kiʻiʻoniʻoni SEI he hopena koʻikoʻi i ka hana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Ua hoʻoholo ʻia he mea koʻikoʻi ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa electrolytic solution, aia ʻekolu mau hōʻailona nui: ionic conductivity, electrochemical windows, a me electrode reactivity. ʻO ka pae o kēia mau hōʻailona ʻekolu e hilinaʻi nui ʻia i kāna mau mea haku mele: solvent, electrolyte (lithium salt), additive.

No laila, ʻo ke aʻo ʻana i ka hana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o kēlā me kēia ʻāpana o ka electrolyte, he mea nui ia no ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka pā. ● EC-based electrolyte haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa hiʻona e like me ke kaulahao carbonate, ka cyclic carbonate hale kokoke, ikaika, he kiʻekiʻe hehee ai a me ka viscosity. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka nui o ka polarity o ka annular structure e loaʻa pinepine ai ia i kahi mau dielectric nui.

EC solvent i ka nui dielectric mau, kiʻekiʻe ion conductivity, hemolele kiʻiʻoniʻoni hana, pono e pale aku i ka&39;ūheheʻe mole mai ka hookomo pu ana, no laila, he indispensable kūlana, no laila, ka hapanui haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa electrolytic hoʻonā nenoai ua nui, a laila, huikau Low melting wahi o ka liʻiliʻi mole&39;ūheheʻe. ● ʻO ka paʻakai lithium kahi mea nui o ka electrolyte. ʻAʻole hiki i ka paʻakai lithium ke hoʻomaikaʻi wale i ka conductivity ionic o ka hopena, akā e hōʻemi hoʻi i ka mamao diffusion o Li + i ka hopena.

Ma keʻano laulā, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka Li + i loko o ka hopena, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka conductivity ion. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole i hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻike o ka lithium ion i loko o ka electrolyte, akā he laina parabolic. ʻO kēia no ka mea,ʻo ka lithium ion concentration i loko o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe e pili ana i ka dissociation o ka paʻakai lithium i loko o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe a me ka ikaika o ka hui.

ʻO ke aʻo ʻana o ka electrolyte haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa koe wale nō ka mea i haku ʻia ka pākaukau nona iho, a ʻo nā kumu kaʻina hana i ka hana maoli e loaʻa i kahi hopena koʻikoʻi i ka hana o ka pā. ● (1) Kaʻina Hoʻomākaukau YAQUB et al, ka hopena o ka ukana electrode a me ka mānoanoa o ka uhi ʻana ma LINI0.6CO 0.

ʻO 2 mn0.2O2 / graphite pākaukau haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i hōʻike ʻia ʻo ka liʻiliʻi o ka haʻahaʻa electrode ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka papa uhi ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. ● (2) Hoʻokuʻu a me ka hoʻokuʻu kūlana Petzl et al, ka hopena o ka haʻahaʻa-mehana uku-hoʻokuʻu kūlana ma luna o ke ola pōʻaiapili ike i ka wa o ka hohonu o ka hoʻokuʻu &39;ana ke kumu nui hiki poho, a emi circulatory ola.

(3) ʻO ka ʻili o ka ʻili, ka aperture, ka electrode density, ka wettability o ka electrode a me ka electrolytic solution, a me nā mea like, e pili ana i ka hana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka pā lithium ion. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole hiki ke nānā ʻia ka hopena o nā hemahema o nā mea a me nā kaʻina hana i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. No laila, i mea e hōʻoia ai i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka pā lithium-ion, pono e hana i kēia: ● (1) hana i kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni SEI lahilahi a paʻa; ● (2) hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka Li + he nui diffusion coefficient i loko o ka mea hana; ● (3) ) He kiʻekiʻe ka ion conductivity ka electrolyte i nā mahana haʻahaʻa.

Eia hou, hiki i ke aʻo ʻana ke lawe i kahi ala ʻē aʻe, a huli ka maka i kahi ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka pā lithium-ion - piha paʻa lithium ion pākahi. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā pākaukau lithium-ion maʻamau, ʻo nā pākahi lithium ion solid-state a pau, ʻoi aku ka piha piha o ka piha ʻana i nā ʻoniʻoni ʻoniʻoni lithium ion, e manaʻo ʻia e hoʻopau piha i ka pilikia attenuation a me nā pilikia palekana pōʻai i hoʻohana ʻia i nā mahana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. No laila, pehea ʻoe e mālama ai i nā pākahi lithium i ka hoʻoilo? 1.

Mai hoʻohana i ka mahana pākaukau lithium i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa no ka hopena o ka pā lithium, ʻo ka haʻahaʻa o ka mahana o ka pā lithium, ka haʻahaʻa o ka hana o ka pā lithium, e alakaʻi pololei ana i kahi hōʻemi nui o ka mālama a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana, ʻo ia ka mea maʻamau, ka hana o nā pā lithium ma waena o -20 degere -60 degere. Ke emi ka mahana ma lalo o 0 ° C, e makaʻala ʻaʻole e hoʻopaʻa i waho, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopaʻa iā ia, hiki iā mākou ke lawe i ka pākaukau i loko o ka lumi (e hoʻomaopopo, e haʻalele i ka flammable!!!), Ke emi ka mahana ma lalo -20 I ° C, e komo ʻokoʻa ka pākaukau i ka moku moe a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana maʻamau. No laila, ʻoi aku ka anuanu o ka mea hoʻohana o ka ʻākau.

ʻAʻohe kūlana hoʻouka i loko. No ka hoʻohana piha ʻana i ke koena o ka pākaukau, e hoʻopiʻi koke i ka lā ma hope o ke kaʻa ʻana, e hoʻonui i ka hoʻouka ʻana, a pale aku i ka lithium. 2, e hoʻomohala i ka hoʻoilo maʻamau, ke haʻahaʻa loa ka pākaukau, pono mākou e hana i ka manawa kūpono, e hoʻomohala i kahi maʻamau maikaʻi o ka hele pū ʻana, e hoʻomanaʻo, mai hahai i ka pākaukau maʻamau e hoʻi i ka mana pākaukau hoʻoilo.

Hoʻemi ka hana pākaukau lithium i ka hoʻoilo, maʻalahi loa ke hoʻonui ʻia, hoʻopilikia i ke ola pākaukau, a hoʻomaka i kahi ulia puhi. No laila, e noʻonoʻo nui i ka hoʻouka ʻana ma kahi ʻano pāpaʻu i ka hoʻoilo. Pono e kuhikuhi ʻia, mai hoʻopaʻa i ke kaʻa no ka manawa lōʻihi, e pale i ka hoʻolimalima.

3, mai noho mamao mai ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻaʻole e uku no ka manawa lōʻihi, mai hana maʻalahi, kau i ke kaʻa no ka manawa lōʻihi i ka mokuʻāina, a hiki iā ʻoe. I ka wā e hoʻouka ai i ka hoʻoilo ma lalo o 0 ° C, i ka wā e hoʻouka ai, mai haʻalele i kahi mamao loa, i mea e pale ai i nā pilikia, ka lawelawe ʻana i ka manawa. 4.

I ka wā e hoʻopaʻa ai, e hoʻohana i ka mākeke hoʻopihapiha kūikawā o ka pahu lithium piha i ka mea haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā loina haʻahaʻa, hiki ke hōʻeha i ka pākaukau, a hiki i ke ahi. Mai kūʻai haʻahaʻa i nā huahana i hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻole ʻia, mai hoʻohana i nā mea hoʻoili pahu pahu lead-acid; inā ʻaʻole hiki i kāu charger ke hoʻohana iā ia, e kāpae i ka hoʻohana ʻana, mai nalowale. 5, e noʻonoʻo i ke ola pākaukau, hoʻololi i ka manawa o ke ola pākaukau lithium hou, nā ʻano like ʻole o ke ola pākaukau, a me ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā, ʻaʻole like ke ola o ka pākaukau, inā pau ka mana o ke kaʻa a i ʻole pōkole ʻole, e ʻoluʻolu e kelepona i nā limahana mālama pākaukau lithium e mālama i ka mea hoʻoponopono pākaukau lithium i ka wā pōkole, e ʻoluʻolu e kelepona i nā limahana mālama pākaukau lithium.

6, aia kahi uila maikaʻi no ka hoʻoilo, i mea e hoʻohana ai i ke kaʻa i ka waena o ka punawai, inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e loaʻa i kahi pākaukau lōʻihi, e hoʻomanaʻo ʻoe e hoʻopaʻa i ka 50% - 80% o ka pākaukau, a wehe iā ia mai ke kaʻa, a hana maʻamau, e pili ana i hoʻokahi mahina Charge. &39;Ōlelo Aʻo: Mālama ʻia ka pākaukau ma kahi maloʻo. 7.

E kau pololei i ka pākaukau Mai hoʻokomo i ka pākaukau i loko o ka wai, a i ʻole e hoʻomaʻū i ka pākaukau; mai hoʻopaʻa i ʻoi aku ma mua o 7 papahele, a i ʻole e hoʻohuli i ke kuhikuhi o ka pākaukau, lithium.