Kurasa mabhatiri: Unogona kuirasa kana kusakanda?

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - Portable Power Station Supplier

Kana mumwe munhu akabvunza: bhatiri remarara harifanirwe kushandiswazve here? Ndinotenda kuti vanhu vazhinji vachati: Chokwadi, inofanira kushandiswazve, ichirasa kusvibisa mhoteredzo! Pamubvunzo uyu, tichiri kufanira kuparadzanisa. Mumakore ekuma1990, nyika yangu yakakurudzira zvakasimba kudzokorodza mabhatiri emarara nekuti bhatiri riri mubhatiri nesimbi dzinorema senzvimbo dzinokuvadza uye hutano hwevanhu. Nekudaro, hapana tekinoroji yakanaka yekubata nemabhatiri emarara aya akadzokororwa.

Muna 2003, iyo yekutanga State Environmental Protection Administration yakabatana yakasimbisa Bazi Rekusimudzira, Bazi reKuvaka, Bazi reSainzi neTekinoroji, uye Ministry of Commerce, iyo yakazivisa "Policy Policy yeWaste Battery Pollution". Ratidza zvakajeka: pasi pekushaikwa kwehunyanzvi hwekugadzirisazve tekinoroji mamiriro, hazvikurudzirwe kuunganidza marara mabhatiri anoraswa ayo asvika yenyika yakaderera mercury kana isina-mercury-isina. Saka, pane kusvibiswa kupi mubhatiri? Ehe saizvozvo! Nekudaro, iyi poto nhema haifanire kurega mabhatiri akaomeswa anoraswa kumashure.

Kazhinji, zvigadzirwa zvebhatiri zvinogona kukamurwa kuita mabhatiri ekutanga (anowanzo shandiswa kutanga, Nha. 5, 7 mabhatiri akaoma uye mabhatani). Iyo ndeyemabhatiri asingaremi, anowanzoshandiswa); mabhatiri echipiri (mabhatiri ekugadzirisa, kushandiswa kwakakosha mumafoni emafoni, makamera edhijitari uye makombiyuta) uye bhatiri (chimiro chikuru, chakakosha kumotokari uye motokari dzemagetsi) zvikamu zvitatu.

Nezve inowanzoshandiswa Nha. 5, Kwete. 7 mabhatiri akaoma asvika munyika ine yakaderera mercury kana mercury-isina bhatiri, tinogona kuidana: bhatiri rinogona kukandwa kure.

Aya mabhatiri anogona kukandwa zvakananga haazokonzeri matambudziko ekusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza mushure mekushandisa magetsi. Zvinokurudzirwa kuwana kure nemarara emumba, kurapwa kwekuparadzira, kuburikidza nekurapa leachate, nezvimwe, uye pakupedzisira kuitisa marara.

Iko kusungirirwa kwekuisa pfungwa kwakanyanyisa, uye inzvimbo huru yekusvibisa. Pamusoro pezvo, iyo yekare-yakaunganidzwa yekare bhatiri stack inoiswa muchidimbu, izvo zvinogona kukonzeresa kudonha kwesimbi inorema nekuda kwekupokana. Cherechedza: Usakanda kumunda wekurima kana dzimwe nzvimbo dzine mvura.

Kana iwe wakanyoroveswa, kumwe kusvibiswa kunoitika. Kune zvakare kirasi: bhatiri richiri kuda kupora. "Waste Battery Pollution Prevention and Treatment Technology Policy" yakaratidza kuti kuunganidzwa kwemabhatiri emarara bhatiri recadmium-nickel, bhatiri rehydrogen-nickel, lithium-ion bhatiri, lead-acid bhatiri, uye senge bhatiri rekutanga risina tsvina.

Panguva imwe cheteyo, inotiwo vagadziri, vanopinza zvinhu kunze kwenyika, vagadziri, vanopinza zvinhu kunze kwenyika, uye vagadziri vemabhatiri anochajwazve kana mabhatiri ebhatiri vanofanira kutakura basa rekudzoreredza mabhatiri emarara ari pamusoro. Naizvozvo, bhatiri rechargeable, mabhatani bhatiri, uye bhatiri uye bhatiri zvakakwirira. Kana kudonha kwacho kuchinge kwaitika, hakuzongosvibisa nharaunda chete, asiwo nenjodzi kumuviri wemunhu, bhatiri rakadaro rinofanirwa kudzokororwazve nemugadziri kana mutengesi Disposition.

Mafungiro enyanzvi eShanghai Electric Power School, Shanghai University Electric Power Corrosion Control uye Application Electrochemistry Key Laboratory Mutevedzeri weMukuru Zhang Junxi Mushure megore ra2006, kutengeswa kwemabhatiri akaoma kwave kuona mecury, hakusisina simbi inorema inokuvadza vanhu nenharaunda. Waste mercury-isina bhatiri yakaoma inobatwa nemarara epamba, asi hazvina musoro. Hapana imwe ore metal element muzvisikwa.

Kuenzaniswa nemarara akaoma bhatiri, tinonyura pamusoro pebhatiri rekare, tichiramba tichibaya chicherwa chechisikigo, kuisa ore yakapfuma, uye nekuchera hurombo. Iyo yakazara bhatiri yekudzoreredza manejimendi yekutonga inofanirwa kusimbiswa, ichitungamira vatengi kutumira bhatiri kunzvimbo yakatarwa kwete kukanda, kuve nechokwadi chekudzokorodza kuzere. Muchokwadi, yakanakira tsvina bhatiri yekudzoreredza system inofanirwa kunge yakaita zvekuti vagadziri vemabhatiri vatengese mabhatiri muvanhu.

Mushure mekunge veruzhinji vashandiswa, vanoiswa mubhokisi rekudzoreredza. Bhatiri mubhokisi rekugamuchira rinounganidzwa zvakare, inopfupisa iyo bhatiri recycling kambani, bhatiri Recycling kambani inoburitsa zvinhu zvinobatsira mumarara mabhatiri, inopa mugadziri webhatiri seyakasvibirira yekugadzira mabhatiri. Izvi zvinopedzisa kutenderera kwechinhu chakanaka, hapana tsvina inoonekwa uye inoburitswa mumhoteredzo, ichigadzira kusvibisa kungangoita.

Nekudaro, iyo yazvino yekudzokorodza sisitimu ndeyekusvikira bhokisi rekudzoreredza, iro rinowedzera marara mabhatiri akachengetwa kutenderedza nyika, uye huwandu huri kuramba huchikura. Huwandu hwakakura kusvika pamwero wakati, hunodarika kugona kwezvakatipoteredza uye kuva zviitiko zvekusvibisa kwezvakatipoteredza. Saka, dzimwe nyika dzepasi dzingaite sei nemabhatiri emarara? Nyika dzeEU dzinosimbisa mabhatiri ese emarara mumabhatiri ese emarara ndiyo inzvimbo yepasi rose.

Muna 2006, EU yakaunza mirairo yemararamiro emarara, inonzi "bhatiri odha". Zvinoenderana nekuraira uku, nyika dzenhengo dzeEU dzinofanira kudzoreredza marudzi ese emabhatiri anotakurika nekugadzira mitemo yadzo. Pane mhinduro yakajeka mu "Electrical Order": 1.

Mabhatiri ese ane zvinhu zvinokuvadza; Chechipiri, chirevo chekare chakakosha kubata mabhatiri ane njodzi (kureva, mercury, cadmium, lead bhatiri), asi maitiro anoratidza kuti Kudzokorora mabhatiri ese kwakakwira pane kuunganidzwa nebhatiri rimwe rinotakurika;. Germany, imwe yenyika dzakavamba Nhengo dzeEU, imarara bhatiri recycling uye kudzokorodza kwekudzokorora. Nzira inoshanda yekuGermany mukugadzirisa tsvina ndeyekutanga munhu wekugadzira mutoro system.

Mutemo weGermany unoti vagadziri vemabhatiri kana vamiriri vevatatu vanofanirwa kupa mari, kubhadhara, kubata uye kudzokorodza mutengo, vagadziri kana vamiriri vebato ravo rechitatu, uye vowana mari yekuunganidza mubhadharo. Mari yekuzivisa veruzhinji yekugadzira nekudzokorodza uchishandisa mabhatiri emarara. Imhaka yekugadzwa kwehurongwa uhu, hurumende neveruzhinji vakasununguka zvakanyanya, uye hurumende inogona kuisa simba rakawanda mukutariswa kwehurongwa hwekudzokorodza, uye veruzhinji vanogona kushandisa sevhisi kushandira mugadziri.

Iyo US tsvina yebhatiri yekubata tekinoroji yakakura America ndeyekushandisa bhatiri, huwandu hwese hwebhatiri rinoshandiswa uye rakasiiwa rinogona kusvika kumabhiriyoni. Kuti kuderedze kukuvadza kwebhatiri pane zvakatipoteredza, hurumende yeUS nevepachivande vakatora matanho, mhedzisiro yacho iri pachena. Muna 1996, US Federal Environmental Protection Agency yakapa "Mercury Battery uye Rechargeable Battery Management Law", iyo inorambidza kutengesa mercury-ine columnar yakaoma mabhatiri.

Kune rumwe rutivi, nickel-cadmium nelead-asidhi rechargeable mabhatiri anofanirwa kushandiswa zvakare nevatengesi. Uye kuendeswa kumakambani asina purofiti kuti adzokororwe zvakare. Pamusoro pezvo, United States zvakare ine hurongwa hwese hwekutonga tsvina inokuvadza.

General njodzi tsvina ndeyemarara ane ngozi, saka zvinodikanwa kubata marara emumba akajairika. Parizvino, tsvina ine ngozi pasi rose kunze kwebhatiri, kusanganisira mishonga yezvipembenene, mercury-containing instruments uye mercury-containing tubes. Nezve marara aya, iyo US Federal Government yakaunza yakadzama chiyero chinosanganisira basa rine chekuita nekurasa, kuchengetedza, kudzidziswa kwevashandi, mhinduro yechimbichimbi, nezvimwe.

Pamusoro pezvo, makambani eUS ane mabhatiri akakura kwazvo emarara resource systemization uye isingakuvadze tekinoroji yekurapa; chero hurumende dzemunharaunda dzakagadzira nzira yakakodzera yekudzokorodza, mabhatiri aya anogona kubatwa nemazvo. Taiwan kurasa bhatiri resource kurasikirwa Mhiri kwemakungwa Taiwan yatanga kusanganisa ese mabhatiri emarara mupagore redhizaini chigadzirwa kabhuku, zvinoda vanogadzira mabhatiri kuti vadzokorore marara mabhatiri nekuabata kune vanokwanisa processor. Kana mugadziri asina hanya, achatarisana nechirango chekutengesa.

Mushure memakore anopfuura gumi ekushanda nesimba, Taiwan ine marara bhatiri kudzoreredza nzvimbo, uye mwero wekudzoreredza marara mabhatiri asvika kupfuura 40%. Kubudirira uku kunodarika mwero wenyika dzakawanda dziri muEU. Izvo chaizvo nekuda kwehuwandu hwekudzoreredza kwemabhatiri emarara, saka yakagadzira hupfumi hwekuita, marara ekutanga akaparadzirwa akaiswa, asi inova humbavha.

Nekudaro, nekuda kwekusakwana kwerutsigiro rwehurumende, makambani ekunze ane mukana mune mari uye tekinoroji, achisimudza mutengo wekutenga wemarara bhatiri zviwanikwa, inopfuura hafu yemarara maseru anotakurwa kuenda kuEurope, Japan, South Korea, USA nedzimwe nyika. Yakakwirira-yakakosha simbi senge iron, manganese uye zinc iri mumarara sero, haina kugara muindasitiri yeindasitiri yemunharaunda yeko. Japan Ongorora Yakakwana Kugadzira Tekinoroji Japan kuchengeta imwe.

Iyo tsvina sero ndeyekudzoreredza kwakasiyana kana kusanganiswa mukurasa marara, uye sarudzo ndeyekuti hurumende yenzvimbo. Nekudaro, zvakaratidza kuti huwandu hukuru hwemabhatiri emarara akadzoserwa nehurumende dzenzvimbo. Mazhinji acho anozobatwa nehunyanzvi mabhatiri ekubata uye kudzokorodza, uye haaunganidzwe nemarara mabhatiri.

Mumakore achangopfuura, nyika dzakakosha munyika dzave dzichigadzira tsvina yebhatiri yekugadzirisa teknolojia inogona kunyatsoshanda mukushandiswa, asi havana kuwana kufungisisa kwezvinhu zvose (kusanganisira kuderedza kukanganiswa kwezvakatipoteredza, kushandiswa kwakanaka kwezvinhu, kuchengetedza simba uye kuchengetedza mari). Optimal method. Naizvozvo, indasitiri yemabhatiri ekuJapan icharamba ichiunganidza nekudzidza matekiniki ane chekuita nemabhatiri emarara, uye nekusimudzira kugadzirwa kwemabhatiri asina mercury pasi rose kuburikidza nepesvedzero yemugadziri webhatiri weJapan mhiri kwemakungwa.