Inguva yakareba sei pamusoro pedenga rekugara solar panels? Izvi zvikonzero zvezvinangwa zvine hunyanzvi

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - Muuzaji wa Kituo cha Umeme kinachobebeka

Zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinokanganisa hupenyu hwekugadzirwa kwenzvimbo yekugara yezuva. Muchikamu chekutanga cheiyi nhevedzano, isu tichazivisa solar panel pachayo. Mapanera ezuva ekugara anowanzo kutengeswa muzvikwereti zvenguva refu kana kurojesa, asi mapaneru avo anogona kushandisa kwenguva yakareba sei? Hupenyu hwepanel hunoenderana nezvakasiyana zvinhu, zvinosanganisira mamiriro ekunze, mhando dzemodule, uye masherufu masisitimu anoshandiswa, uye zvimwe zvinotariswa.

Kunyangwe iyo pani pachayo isina chaiyo "yekupedzisira zuva", kurasikirwa kwekugadzira kunowanzo kumanikidza michina kuti iparare nekufamba kwenguva. Paunenge uchifunga kuti uchaita kuti pani yako iite makore makumi maviri kusvika makumi matatu mune ramangwana, yekutarisa yekubuda mwero ndiyo nzira yakanakisa yekuita sarudzo ine hungwaru. Degenerative dambudziko Zvinoenderana nedata kubva kuNational Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), nekufamba kwenguva, kurasikirwa kwekubuda kunonzi kuderedzwa, kazhinji kuderera kweanosvika 0.

5% pagore. Vagadziri vanowanzotenda kuti makore makumi maviri nemashanu kusvika makumi matatu inguva yenguva inoitika kuderedzwa kwakakwana. Panguva ino, inogona kutariswa kutsiva mapaneru.

NREL yakataura kuti kugadzira uye waranti indasitiri zviyero makore makumi maviri neshanu e solar module. Tichifunga nezve 0.5% yereferensi yegore retardation rate, 20-year panel inogona kuburitsa 90% yekugona kwayo kwepakutanga.

Panel mhando ichave neimwe mhedzisiro pane degradation rate. Chirevo cheNREL, mwero wepagore wevagadziri vepamusoro-soro sePanasonic uye LG ingangoita 0.3%, nepo mamwe mabhureki aine mutengo wekudzikisa mutengo unosvika 0.

80%. Makore makumi maviri neshanu gare gare, aya mapaneru emhando yepamusoro anogona achiri kuburitsa 93% yekugadzirwa kwawo kwepakutanga, nepo kuderera kwepamusoro kunogona kuburitsa 82.5%.

Vamwe vagadziri vanoshandisa anti-PID zvinhu kuvaka mapaneru mugirazi yavo, kurongedza, uye kuparadzira zvipingamupinyi. Chikamu chakakura chekudzikira chinokonzerwa nechiitiko chinodaidzwa kuti chingave induction degradation (PID), aya ndiwo mamwe matambudziko akasangana nepaneru. Kana iyo voltage inogoneka yepaneru uye iyo ion kutama pakati peiyo semiconductor zvinhu uye zvimwe zvikamu zvemodule (senge girazi, hwaro kana furemu), iyo semiconductor zvinhu iri mukutama ion pakati peiyo semiconductor zvinhu uye module.

Izvi zvichaita kuti simba rekubuda kweiyo module kudzikire, mune dzimwe nguva, rinoderera zvakanyanya. Ese mapaneru zvakare ari pasi pe photorealized degradation (LID), uko iyo mapaneru icharasikirwa nekubudirira mukati memaawa mashoma ekutanga ekusangana nezuva. PVEVOLUTIONLABS bvunzo murabhoritari PVEL inomiririrwa zvichienderana nekuwanda kwekristaro silicon wafer inosiyana zvichienderana nepaneru, asi kazhinji inoguma nekamwe-nguva, 1% kusvika 3% yekutadza kurasikirwa.

Mamiriro ekunze anoratidzwa kune mamiriro ekunze mumamiriro ekunze, iyo huru yekutyaira zvinhu zvekuparadza mapaneru. Kupisa chinhu chakakosha mukuita-chaiyo-nguva pani uye kudzikisira nekufamba kwenguva. Maererano neNREL, kupisa kwezvakatipoteredza kuchava nemigumisiro yakaipa pakushanda uye kushanda kwezvikamu zvemagetsi.

SolarCalculator.com, inoratidza kuti tembiricha coefficient yepaneti inogona kuwanikwa nekutarisa data remugadziri, iro rinoratidza kugona kwepaneru patembiricha yepamusoro. Kutsinhana kwekupisa kunosimudzirawo kuderedzwa nemaitiro anonzi thermal cycle.

Kana kutonhora kuchikwira, kuwedzera kwezvinhu, kutonhora kunoderedzwa, shrinkage yezvinhu. Nekufamba kwenguva, iyi mitambo inozotungamira zvishoma nezvishoma mukuumbwa kwe microcracks mupaneru, nekudaro ichidzikisa kuburitsa. Iyi coefficient inotsanangura kuti yakawanda sei inoshanda yakarasika parita muyero tembiricha ye25 degrees Celsius.

Semuenzaniso, tembiricha ye -0.353% inoreva kuti huwandu hwese hucharasikirwa ne0.353% imwe neimwe yakakwirira kupfuura 25 degrees Celsius.

Muchidzidzo chayo chepagore chemodule scorecard, PVEL yakaongorora makumi matatu nematanhatu anoshanda mapurojekiti ezuva muIndia uye akawana kukosha kukuru kwekudzikira kwemafuta. Avhareji yegore negore degradation rate yemapurojekiti aya i1.47%, asi mwero wekudzikira wekupfekedzwa munzvimbo inotonhora yegomo uri pedyo nehafu, 0.

7%. Mhepo ndeimwe mamiriro ekunze ayo anogona kukonzera kukuvadza kune solar panel. Mhepo ine simba inogona kuita kuti pani ikotame, inonzi dynamic mechanical load.

Izvi zvinozokonzerawo ma microcracks mupanera kuderedza kuburitsa. Mamwe masherufu emhinduro akagadziridzwa kumatunhu ane mhepo ane simba, kudzivirira mapaneru kubva kune simba rekusimudza simba uye kudzikisira micro-kutsemuka. Kazhinji, pepa remugadziri wedata rinopa ruzivo nezve mhepo huru inogona kumirisana nepaneru.

Yakaiswa zvakanaka kuti ibatsire kugadzirisa nyaya dzine chekuita nekupisa. Iyo pani inofanira kuiswa mumasendimita mashoma pamusoro pedenga kuitira kuti kuyerera kwemaruva kuyerera uye kutonhorera midziyo iri pasi apa. Chiedza chemavara zvinhu zvinogona kushandiswa kune mapaneru zvimiro kudzikamisa kunyudza kupisa.

Uye kuita kwe thermally-sensitive inverters uye magungano anofanirwa kunge ari munzvimbo ine shaded, CED green tekinoroji. Chando chakafananawo, panguva yedutu guru, inogona kuvhara pani, muganhu wekubuda. Chando chichakonzerawo dynamic mechanical mitoro kuderedza kushanda kwepanera.

Kazhinji, chando chinotsvedza pasi kubva panhizha nekuti inotsvedzerera uye inodziya kwazvo, asi mune dzimwe nguva, muridzi wemba angasarudza kubvisa chando pane pani. Izvi zvinofanira kuitwa zvakanyatsonaka nokuti girazi pamusoro pepaneti yekutsvaira ichava nemigumisiro yakaipa pane zvakabuda. Kudzikisira chinhu chakajairika, chisingadzivisiki chikamu chehupenyu hwepaneru.

Kuisirwa kwakaringana, kungwarira sinou uye nekuchenjera pani kuchenesa kunobatsira kuburitsa, asi pakupedzisira, solar panel tekinoroji isina kufambisa zvikamu, kanenge pasina kugadzirisa. Gadzira zviyero zvekuona kuti iyo pani yakapihwa inogona kuve nehurefu hwehupenyu hwesevhisi uye inomhanya zvinoenderana nehurongwa, inofanirwa kusimbiswa neyakajairwa kuyedzwa. Iyo pani iri pasi peiyo ITS (IEC) bvunzo, iyo yakakodzera kune imwechete crystal uye polycrystalline mapaneru.

EnergySage inoratidzwa kuti iyo pani inosangana neIEC61215 yakajairwa yakaedzwa nemagetsi, senge yakanyorova ikozvino uye kudzivirira kwekudzivirira. Vakabvuma kuyedzwa kwemuchani wemhepo nechando, uye kuyedzwa kwemamiriro ekunze kuti vatarise hotspots, ultraviolet kuratidzwa, kutonhora kwemvura, fivha yekunyorova, kuvhunduka kwechimvuramabwe uye humwe hutera hwakafumurwa kunze. Iyo mapaneru ekumisikidzwa akajairika zvakare paUS Inishuwarenzi Laboratory (UL) chisimbiso, iyo inopawo zviyero uye bvunzo.

UL inomhanyisa kupedzisira uye kuchembera bvunzo, uye yakazara yakazara bvunzo dzekuchengetedza. IEC61215 zvakare inotarisisa zviratidzi zvekushanda zveyakajairwa bvunzo mamiriro, anosanganisira tembiricha coefficient, yakavhurika yedunhu voltage, uye yakanyanya simba kubuda. Mwero wekukundikana kwema solar panels wakaderera zvikuru.

NREL yakaita ongororo yeanodarika 50,000 masisitimu uye pasi rose akaisa 4,500 masisitimu akaiswa muUnited States muna 2000 kusvika 2015. Ichi chidzidzo chakawana kuti 5 mapaneru ekutadza mwero mu10,000 mapaneru pagore. Nekufamba kwenguva, kukanganisa kwepaneru kunovandudzwa zvakanyanya nekuti kutadza kweiyo system yakaiswa pakati pe1980 ne2000 yakapetwa kaviri yeboka mushure me2000.

Kudzima kweSitimu hakuwanzo kukonzerwa nekutadza kwepaneru. Muchokwadi, chidzidzo cheKwhanalytics chakawana kuti 80% yesimba rezuva rekudyara kuderera kunokonzerwa nekutadza kweiyo inverter, iyo inverter inoshandura iyo DC ikozvino yebhatiri bhodhi kune iripo AC simba. Photovoltaic ichaongorora inverter performance mune ino nhevedzano yechikamu chinotevera.

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