Ingabe ibhethri likadoti lingaba nomthelela emvelweni? Indlela yokuhlukanisa ibhethri yemfucuza?

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - ተንቀሳቃሽ የኃይል ጣቢያ አቅራቢ

Ezimpilweni zethu zansuku zonke, ibhethri kungathiwa ingenye yezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu nezinga eliphezulu lokulahla, kodwa ingabe uyayazi indlela efanele yokuphatha ibhethri lemfucuza? Abanye abantu bathi: Ibhethri ayikwazi ukuyiphonsa, ngoba inobungozi obukhulu endaweni ezungezile. Abanye bathi: Aniphoswanga nonke na? Akuwona umonakalo omkhulu! Ngakho-ke, ubhekana kanjani nebhethri esetshenzisiwe? Abantu bavame ukuthi: ibhethri yenkinobho ingangcolisa ama-cubic metres angu-600 wamanzi, alingana namanzi okuphuza kumuntu. Ibhethri eliwusayizi owodwa libolile phansi, okungenza umhlaba we-m2 ulahlekelwe inani.

Nokho, iqiniso leqiniso liyiqiniso? CHA! CHA! Cha, ibhethri lamanje selinokuthuthuka okukhulu. Uma kwenzekile ngaphambili, alikude kakhulu nesikhathi esifushane (ibhethri elomile elilahlwayo), kodwa ngokuthuthukiswa kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, lawa [amabhethri omile alahlwayo] aye akubona kancane kancane. I-mercuryization ephansi kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-mercury! 0.

Okuqukethwe kwe-mercury okungu-0001%, kusondele noma kube ngaphansi kunokuqukethwe kwemercury okwenzeka ngokwemvelo emhlabathini ongangcolisiwe, ngakho ukulahlwa [kwebhethri elomile elilahlwayo] akunawo umthelela endaweni yemvelo, futhi ingaxutshwa nodoti wasekhaya ngemva kokulahlwa. Lokhu kuzoqala ngezigaba zayo ~ Ibhethri ibalulekile ezigabeni ezilandelayo: 01 Ibhethri elomile elilahlwayo, wonke umuntu ujwayelene kakhulu nethoshi, umthamo ohlukile wamabhethri omile kusilawuli kude. Ikhaya elivame kakhulu ibhethri elomile lamakhono ahlukene wezinga lesikhathi esisodwa 5, 7, njll.

Amabhethri e-zinc manganese (abuye aziwe njengebhethri le-carbon) namabhethri e-alkali manganese (amabhethri omile ane-alkali), aqukethe insimbi ebalulekile, i-zinc, izakhi zensimbi ezilingana ne-manganese, futhi aqukethe umkhondo we-mercury, i-mercury iwubuthi. Eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, okuqukethwe kwe-mercury kumabhethri omile ajwayelekile kuphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa, uma elahlwa, kuzodala ukungcoliswa komhlabathi namanzi. Nokho, kusukela ngomhlaka-1 Januwari 2005, izwe lami liyekile ukukhiqizwa nokuthengiswa kwamabhethri e-alkaline anama-amalgcast angaphezu kuka-0.

0001%. Njengamanje, amaseli omile alahlwayo asetshenziswa emndenini asebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-mercury-free kanye ne-low-mercury, futhi umthelela wemvelo mncane. Ngakho-ke singayiphatha njengodoti ojwayelekile ngqo komunye udoti (imiphongolo ephuzi).

02 Ibhethri yenkinobho yamathoyizi ezingane, izinkinobho zamabhethri. Amabhethri enkinobho entsha avamise ukushajwa namabili angashajwa, ukushaja kufaka phakathi amabhethri e-lithium ion akhokhisekayo angu-3.6V (uchungechunge lwe-LIR) kanye namabhethri e-lithium ion buckle e-3V (ML noma uchungechunge lwe-VL); Ukushaja okuhlanganisa ibhethri le-3V lithium manganese buckle (CR series) kanye no-1.

Ibhethri ye-alkaline ye-alkaline manganese (LR nochungechunge lwe-SR). Ithebula langaphandle lebhethri lenkinobho liwumsebenzi wensimbi engagqwali, futhi kubalulekile ukuqukatha impahla yensimbi esindayo njenge-mercury, manganese, cadmium, lead kanye ne-zinc. Uma ibhethri likadoti lilahlwa emvelweni, lezi zinto zizovuza kancane kancane, Zingene emhlabathini, zingene emanzini angaphansi komhlaba ngamanzi emvula, zigeleze oLwandle LwaseYanghe ukuze zenze ukungcola okukhulu.

03 ibhethri leselula elinebhethri leselula kumakhalekhukhwini. Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelele, umakhalekhukhwini wezwe lami usudlule ibhiliyoni elingu-1.3, cishe isimo somuntu ovamile, kanye nokungcoliswa kwemvelo kwamabhethri eselula akunakuzitshwa.

Omakhalekhukhwini namabhethri alahliwe aqukethe izingxenye zensimbi enzima njengegolide, i-mercury, i-lead, i-cadmium, njengokulahlwa ngokuqondile noma ukulahlwa komhlaba, izinsimbi ezisindayo zizongcolisa ngokuqondile inhlabathi namanzi angaphansi komhlaba; kuyilapho ukushiswa nje, igesi eyenzekayo nayo izongcolisa umoya, ibangele ubuthi. 04 Ukunikezwa kwamandla okungaphazamiseki nebhethri eliholayo elinenjini lamakheshi, amabhange afana nokunikezwa kwamandla angaphazamiseki e-UPS nebhethri le-asidi eholayo yebhethri lemoto. Ibhethri le-lead-acid i-electrode ebalulekile yenziwe ngomthofu kanye ne-oxide yayo, futhi i-electrolyte iyisisombululo se-sulfuric acid.

Uma ibhethri ye-lead-asidi imfucuza, uma ingalahli imithetho, insalela yemfucuza, isisombululo se-asidi siyingozi kakhulu, ngakho-ke ifakwe ku-"National Hazardous Waste Directory", futhi kufanele ilawulwe ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso ezifanele zemfucuza eyingozi, futhi ungavumeli ukudluliswa okungagunyaziwe, ukuqoqwa nokubhidlizwa. Isixazululo nokulahlwa. Ngakho-ke amabhethri omile avamile alahlwayo empeleni awanayo ingozi yokungcoliswa, engafakwa ngokuqondile komunye udoti njengodoti ojwayelekile wasekhaya, kodwa amabhethri omile alahlwayo avamile kuphela.

Ibhethri yenkinobho, ibhethri lefoni ephathekayo, ibhethri le-lead-acid liyingxenye yemfucumfucu eyingozi, ayikwazi ukuxutshwa nodoti wasekhaya, kuyadingeka ukuthi ululame ngesikhathi. Izingozi Ezibalulekile emangqamuzaneni emfucumfucu zingancibilika emafutheni, kubangele isifo sezinzwa esiphakathi kwezilwane, i-teratogenic, i-calendering, i-carcinogeny noma ngisho nokufa; i-cadmium ukuthambisa, ukuguqulwa kwamathambo, futhi kwakhiwe kanzima ukuphuka kwemvelo, ukufa; umthofu ubalulekile Okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwegazi, ukungasebenzi kahle kwezinzwa nokulimala kwezinso, ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwe-hemoglobin; i-nickel encibilikisiwe egazini, ilimaza izinzwa eziphakathi, okubangela ukuhlukahluka kwe-vascular; njengoba amabhethri ayingozi eyingozi, yini okufanele siyifake ekuphileni kwethu? Ukuhlukaniswa kukadoti wezakhamuzi kubeka amabhethri omile alahlwayo komunye udoti [ibhakede eliphuzi]! Ibhethri lenkinobho, ibhethri leselula, ibhethri elineasidi yomthofu lingekadoti oyingozi, kufanele lifakwe ebhokisini eliyingozi lokuqoqa udoti, eligxiliswe abasebenzi. Amabhethri ayingozi ayingozi, awakwazi ukuwalahla.

Ngifuna ukuthola indlela yokuyiphatha, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kuncike kuwo wonke umuntu. .