Ngaba inkunkuma yebhetri inokuchaphazela okusingqongileyo? Indlela yokuhlela ibhetri yenkunkuma?

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - Портативті электр станциясының жеткізушісі

Kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla, ibhetri inokuthiwa yenye yezona zinto zisetyenziswa kakhulu kunye nezinga eliphezulu lokulahla, kodwa ngaba uyayazi indlela echanekileyo yokusingatha ibhetri yenkunkuma? Abanye abantu bathi: Ibhetri ayikwazi ukuyilahla, kuba inomonakalo omkhulu kwindalo. Abanye bathi, Aniphoswanga na nonke? Akukho monakalo ungako! Ke, ujongana njani nebhetri esetyenzisiweyo? Abantu bahlala besithi: ibhetri yeqhosha inokungcolisa i-cubic metres ye-600 yamanzi, elingana namanzi okusela emntwini. Ibhetri enesayizi enye ibolile emhlabeni, nto leyo enokwenza umhlaba we-m2 ulahlekelwe lixabiso.

Noko ke, ubunyaniso benyaniso buyinyaniso? HAYI! HAYI! Hayi, ibhetri yangoku sele inophuculo olukhulu. Ukuba ingaphambili, ayikho kude kakhulu kwixesha elifutshane (ibhetri eyomileyo elahlayo), kodwa ngophuhliso lwenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe, ezi [iibhetri ezomileyo ezilahlayo] ziye zayiqonda ngokuthe ngcembe. I-mercuryization ephantsi kunye nemveliso ye-mercury! 0.

Umxholo we-0001% we-mercury, uvale okanye ungaphantsi kumxholo we-mercury owenziwe ngokwemvelo kumhlaba ongcolileyo, ngoko ukulahlwa kwe [ibhetri eyomileyo elahlayo] ayinayo impembelelo kwimeko yendalo, kwaye inokuxutywa kunye nenkunkuma yasekhaya emva kokulahlwa. Oku kuya kuqala kuhlelo lwayo ~ Ibhetri ibalulekile kwezi ndidi zilandelayo: 01 Ibhetri eyomileyo elahlayo, wonke umntu uqhelene kakhulu ne-flashlight, ibhetri eyomileyo eyahlukileyo kwi-remote control. Ikhaya eliqhelekileyo yibhetri eyomileyo yamandla ahlukeneyo kwinqanaba lexesha elilodwa 5, 7, njl.

Iibhetri ze-zinc manganese (ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-carbon bhetri) kunye neebhetri zealkali manganese (iibhetri ezomileyo zealkali), eziqulathe i-iron, i-zinc, ielementi zentsimbi ezilinganayo nemanganese, kwaye zikwaqulathe umkhondo wemekyuri, imekyuri yinto eyityhefu. Kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo, umxholo we-mercury kwiibhetri eziqhelekileyo ezomileyo ziphezulu kakhulu, ukuba zilahliwe, ziya kubangela ukungcoliseka komhlaba kunye nomzimba wamanzi. Nangona kunjalo, ukusukela nge-1 kaJanuwari 2005, ilizwe lam liyekile ukuveliswa kunye nokuthengiswa kweebhetri zealkaline ezine-amalgcasts ezingaphezu kwe-0.

0001%. Okwangoku, iiseli ezomileyo ezilahlayo ezisetyenziswa kwintsapho zisebenzisa iteknoloji ye-mercury-free kunye ne-low-mercury, kwaye impembelelo yokusingqongileyo incinci. Ngoko sinokuyiphatha njengenkunkuma eqhelekileyo ngokuthe ngqo kwenye inkunkuma (imiphanda ephuzi).

02 Iqhosha lebhetri lezinto zokudlala zabantwana, iqhosha lebhetri. Iibhetri zeqhosha elitsha ngokubanzi zidla ngokuhlawuliswa kwaye zingahlawuliswanga zimbini, ukutshaja kubandakanya i-3.6V ibhetri ye-lithium ion ehlawulelwayo yokuqinisa (i-LIR series) kunye ne-3V yokufunxa iibhetri ze-lithium ion buckle (ML okanye i-VL series); Ukutshaja kuquka 3V lithium manganese buckle ibhetri (CR series) kunye 1.

I-5V ye-alkaline ye-zinc manganese ibhetri yebhanti (LR kunye ne-SR series). Itheyibhile yangaphandle yebhetri yeqhosha yintsimbi yensimbi engenasici, kwaye kubalulekile ukuba iqulethe izinto ezinzima zetsimbi ezifana ne-mercury, i-manganese, i-cadmium, i-lead kunye ne-zinc. Ukuba inkunkuma ibhetri ilahlwe kwindalo, ezi zinto ziya kuvuza kancinci kancinci, Ngena emhlabeni, ungene kumanzi aphantsi komhlaba ngamanzi emvula, uqukuqelele kuLwandle lwaseYanghe Lake ukwenza ungcoliseko olukhulu.

03 ibhetri yeselula enebhetri yeselula kwifowuni ephathwayo. Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelelanga, ifowuni yelizwe lam sele idlule kwi-1.3 yeebhiliyoni, phantse imeko yomntu oqhelekileyo, kwaye inkunkuma ye-bettery yefowuni engcolileyo yokusingqongileyo ayinakuhoywa.

Iifowuni eziphathwayo ezilahliweyo kunye neebhetri ziqulathe amacandelo entsimbi enzima njengegolide, i-mercury, ilothe, i-cadmium, njengokulahlwa ngokuthe ngqo okanye ukulahla inkunkuma, iintsimbi ezinzima ziya kungcolisa ngokuthe ngqo umhlaba kunye namanzi aphantsi komhlaba; ngelixa ukutshisa nje, igesi eyenzekayo nayo iya kungcolisa umoya, ibangele ityhefu. 04 Unikezelo lwamandla olungaphazamisekiyo kunye nebhetri ekhokelayo yebhetri yeelevators, iibhanki ezifana nonikezelo lwamandla olungaphazamisekiyo lwe-UPS kunye nebhetri yelead-asidi yebhetri yemoto. Ibhetri ye-lead-acid i-electrode ebalulekileyo yenziwe ngelothe kunye ne-oxide yayo, kunye ne-electrolyte isisombululo se-sulfuric acid.

Ukuba inkunkuma i-lead-acid ibhetri, ukuba ayifuni ukulahla imimiselo, intsalela yenkunkuma, isisombululo se-asidi siyingozi kakhulu, ngoko sifakwe kwi-"National Hazardous Waste Directory", kwaye kufuneka ilawulwe ngokuhambelana nemigangatho efanelekileyo yenkunkuma enobungozi, kwaye ungavumeli ukudluliselwa okungagunyaziswanga, ukuqokelela kunye nokudilizwa. Isisombululo kunye nokulahlwa. Ke ngoku iibhetri eziqhelekileyo ezomileyo ezilahlwayo ngokusisiseko azinabungozi bongcoliseko, ezinokufakwa ngokuthe ngqo kweminye inkunkuma njengenkunkuma eqhelekileyo yasekhaya, kodwa kuphela kwiibhetri eziqhelekileyo ezomileyo ezilahlwayo.

Ibhetri yeqhosha, ibhetri yefowuni ephathwayo, ibhetri ye-lead-acid yeyenkunkuma eyingozi, ayinakuxutywa nenkunkuma yasekhaya, kuyimfuneko ukubuyisela ngexesha. Iingozi ezibalulekileyo kwiiseli zenkunkuma zinokunyibilika kumafutha, zibangele isifo se-nervous central, i-teratogenic, i-calendering, i-carcinogeny okanye ukufa; i-cadmium ukuthambisa, ukuguqulwa kwamathambo, kunye nokwenza ngokuqatha ukwaphuka kwendalo, ukufa; ukhokelo lubalulekile Umphumela we-anemia, ukungasebenzi kwe-neurotic kunye nokulimala kwezintso, ukuvimbela i-hemoglobin synthesis metabolism; i-nickel echithwe egazini, eyonakalisa i-nervous central, ebangela ukuhluka kwe-vascular; ekubeni iibhetri eziyingozi ziyingozi, yintoni esifanele siyibeke kubomi bethu? Ukuhlelwa kwenkunkuma yabahlali kubeka ngokulula iibhetri ezomileyo ezilahlwayo kwenye inkunkuma [i-emele etyheli]! Ibhetri yeqhosha, ibhetri yefowuni ephathwayo, ibhetri ye-lead-acid yeyenkunkuma enobungozi, kufuneka ifakwe kwibhokisi enobungozi yokubuyisela inkunkuma, igxininiswe ngabasebenzi. Iibhetri ezinobungozi ziyingozi, azikwazi ukuzilahla.

Ndifuna ukufumana indlela yokusingatha, ukukhuselwa kwendalo kuxhomekeke kumntu wonke. .